Astrophysicist Explains Black Holes in 5 Levels of Difficulty | WIRED 

A conversation few others can understand 😅

The scary thing is Im in my junior year of quantum mechanics and I still had trouble understanding how Hawking radiation escapes black holes

@@Ranger-sl3qq PBS spacetime made an excellent video on the topic. Also, do you mean you are a third year physics student doing a course in quantum mech, or a 3rd year grad student specifically in quantum mechanics. because those are very different levels of "scary".

@@Ranger-sl3qq A wizard did it

Precisely !!!!

Do you mean the phrase “more or less”?

@@ShadyForest no

@@ShadyForest No. The idea she was conveying is that as she learned new things she also realized the topic was way more deep than she previously realized. She learned more, but realized she knew less than she thought she did before. Peoples failure to admit that is why the dunning krueger effect exists.

Pascal (I think... pretty sure... ish) expressed a similar sentiment in one of my FAVORITE quotes: “Knowledge is like a sphere; the greater its volume, the larger its contact with the unknown.”

@@Caddis496 Wow. I've never heard that one, but I love it.

It's crazy because I've watched a lot on space and I feel like I really don't know any facts. a lot of it is just theories and discussions of what could be possible with the evidence we have.

Things we know that we dont know And Things we dont know we dont know -sciencephile

Platón dixit

Ehhh I think she was the least wise

@@boneheadbill9976 everyone knows that quote, its easy to act smart with it

I'm a physics graduate. I think it's ok to use key words like that when explaining concepts. dont use too many but few exposes people to new words.

@@valkriecain856 I think it sparks that curiosity. I also think we missed out on a lot of the interviews. No way in 3 minutes each of them had a new understanding that is almost opposite of what they thought. I would have to assume that it was the highlights of the conversation of what the person thinks differently about black holes at this point child: So what is Thermonuclear - lets look it up

That is because it shouldn't be called ''child'' level. Not only is it disrespectful to assume a child can't be more educated on the topic than the example they showed in the video, but also simply wrong. It's not ''too complex'', since a child's knowledge on the matter can vary. Also, it doesn't matter what words you use as long as you can make sure the person you're talking to understands.

Well, she immediately corrected by just saying fuel… why you gotta be this way man

Probably just wanted to tell people about your dad, but thats fine, just drop the completely unnecessary criticism

I recommend your mimic tear be at least plus 7 for the black hole

The black hole must then ask itself "what am I" and that even the wisest might not know so the black hole might be at the child level.

😂😂😂😂😂😂

College*

The BEST way to explain it is this: When you throw an object on earth, it gains some distance and falls down to earth. If you throw it hard even harder, it will go to the other side od the earth and sprial in and fall. If you throw it even hard enough, it will go all around the earth and come back to the point you throw it at and will continue to keep in that orbit, and this is called the escape velocity. The same happens with light. If you shoot a laser at the surface, it bends a certain number of degrees towards earth because of the gravity bending the space around it. If the gravity is very strong like it is on a star, the light will bend so much it will spiral in to go hit the ground on the other side of it. Now if the gravity is so strong like in a blackhole (which is a collapsed star) the light it will go all the way around the blackhole and meet back to the point it was launched at. This is the blackhole event horizon. Any closer to the blackhole, means the light will spiral in, hence the phrase "even light can't escape it"

Actually a laboratoy created micro-blackhole (let's say big as an atom) would most probably evaporate in some nanoseconds thanks to Hawking radiation

LMAO

I recommend David Brin's "Earth" (fiction) for a good read on hazards of making your own black hole.

Sometimes scientists can be perhaps to curious for our own good..

I was thinking the same thing! This is how the world ends

I love how they sound very arrogant although their maths are wrong since 96% of the Universe remains unknown

Think very carefully before answering this question; how do we know that 96% of the universe is unknown......?

@@rexmundi2986 because we know what we know and we don't what we can't. It's really that simple... 😂😂 But fr, I'd love to see the mental gymnastics of someone actually trying to answer your question lol. It's like saying, "we've measured what we can't measure so we know exactly how much we haven't measured." Like honestly, how would we come up with that lol... 96%. That's wild. It seems so arbitrary. Anyway, thanks for that. I hope the commenter above you replies. I'm ready to hear it 😂

​@@rexmundi2986Do we?

@@Rebornx19-iz6mh its funny how YOUR maths is wrong becuz no way you came up with 96% becuz u obviously didnt calculate everything known and unknown about the universe and formed the percentage, imagine being critical of someone and then doing the exact same thing the next second, huge men moment. I think u all should just stop coming up with random numbers that popped up in ur brain, its so exhausting

but they weren't good explanations

​@@15rat Yes they were

@@EnderSultan my option

​​@@15ratnot to be mean but it's more of your own capability of understanding and not her explanation when majority of people understand what she's talking about while you don't

@@jittu_1462 no I say because I have heard better explanations that I can understand better than the wording she used

hey @youtube do something about the bots... This is getting ridiculous....

Yeah, really seeing his whole perspective change so quickly and him being so open to learning just shows how intelligent he really is.

Or maybe they cut the video that way. But let's be positive.

@@gabor6259 they didn't pick her by random chance. Media is almost always produced for the best outcome/effect.

that was a boy.

same

prolly scripted for the 11 year old

same 😭😭

It’s funny I thought the interactions with the kid and the teenager weren’t very good. I couldn’t keep engaged and was noticing how uncomfortable they both appeared. I felt less awkward with the college student and grad student, and could pay attention better. Body language can make it hard to learn some things, I’m my opinion. The chemistry with a topic between two individuals. But I have a bit of prior knowledge and just find the questions and explanations to be interesting. Especially the topic of the andromeda galaxy. Perhaps it’s because I’m about the same age as people in grad school, maybe a little older now. But who knows really, I picked up on that too. Not as easy to follow, it’s not that it isn’t interesting.

Me too

I thought that was cosmology

@@Epilogue_04 Cosmology is a branch of Astronomy

"You didn't have to cut me off bang bang"

Space is so cool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

But it’s true

Imagine being taught correctly in school versus having to re learn everything the correct way in college 😔

@@ashlynlarsen so true!

Wait so she was talking about gravity i always thought it was gravity but since she didn't say it I asume I was wrong

what is so insane about it? i don't understand

@@felixcuddle855 A child being taught the up-to-date science, rather than an oversimplification they later have to unlearn, can feel magnificent to an observer.

She make multiple factual mistakes in her explainations that no actual physicist would ever make such as saying the matter is gone.

You haven’t even scratched the surface!

Personally start studying. The more knowledge the better. But you also realize how little you know.

I know more and more about less and less ;) I've been studying astrophysics for 5 years now, at a pace much faster than traditional education, and every day I learn something new and learn about how little humans really understand.

@@trentondickey9061 I think he just exaggerate it. What he meant might be, he know not much about blackholes and all. I'm sure everyone who think they're a science geek will know what is hawking radiation.

@@radnakse_mada my teacher once explained it in 11th grade it was a phenomenon where a black hole losses mass very very slowly and the lost mass released in form of radiation i dont know something like this

It's probably because you are a simple Woman.

@@princedoopaloop8712 lmaooooooo😭😭😭

@@princedoopaloop8712 found the person who thinks their genitalia is superior, quickly get the belt!!

I was thinking the same, what a bright kid!

U need interest for astronomy for this

@@ultimateskillchain Yes, usually everything is explained in terms that will go over one's head and they won't really give an understanding at all. In which case all you can do is memorise it, but with no understanding or imagination of what is actually going on.

exactly the same impression

Yeah, I understood the expert conversation pretty comfortably, and as an aspiring astrophysicist that makes me feel good.

Aa

maybe that's because our level of knowledge about black holes is same as the kid,

Very smart kid

I'm sure his parent made sure he was at his absolute best for the cameras lol

Dr fff free DIY

@@trinalps Isn’t that a girl?

While yes they were smart. Many children today are a lot smarter than years ago due to RU-vid and the internet.

😂😂😂💀💀💀

Would you like a simple explanation of what a black hole is?

yes its called the 7th grade

Infant lvl

Low category: aka: low voltage. Welcome to the party, Dencio M.

Same, my hs physics teacher was so boring and I had so much trouble following her. I needed a bunch of tutors to get me through high school physics. But she makes it so easy to understand

Well, high school teachers don't need a PHD and most don't have one. If they did, they could teach in colleges and universities (with the better salary that comes with it).

26 club!

I’ve done my first physics exam in secondary and our teachers haven’t even started talking about black holes yet. Was just 4th year physics so eh

Teachers don’t really know anything because they don’t have domain experience. To have this level of expertise you have to be an occupational astrophysicist doing experiments.

Are you really grad student in field? If so, can you please direct me to the fields answer re: 3 things? (1) expert makes statement about particle and antiparticle collapse with destruction of antiparticle “in” the black hole and how the quantum entanglement is lost. Is this absolutely the case? Is it possible that black holes are sort of like quantum engines driving the expansion of the universe/multiverse and that event horizons represent points of connection between universes or dimensions beyond space time such that the particle/antiparticle entanglement continues - but does so trans-dimensionally? (2) Does the expansion of our universe exert any counterforce against the black holes themselves (like a kind of resistive force per se)? (3) What is the 3D shape of the universe? Is all of matter sitting atop “space-time” like a marble rests on a surface of paper or like a boat sits on an ocean? Is the shape different? Is the universe more like a snow-globe with stuff all over the place like molecules of water floating around in a balloon that is constantly filling up with more water? Either way, when it comes to black holes, how does that impact the shape of the universe itself? Thanks.

@@tylerdowling interesting, wish they answered

=

Can i ask (i'm 16 btw),is there any major which i can take to learn all about physics I mean astrophysics is only to learn about space physics,but i want to learn them all,not just in space but in the earth,ocean or anywhere Like full set of physics itself

@@amanpuri7079 physics

All shoe styles finally converge into a singularity as time passes. It's inevitable.

@@enzzz That's a pretty interesting metaphore

Why is that true 💀

Brilliant observation! 😂

That’s such an interesting observation to catch on oml

@@thitherword that was so passive-aggressive for no reason

Of course it is

@@thitherword calm down bud

I think it's because we always see space as something that it is not a part of us and that it is something external to us but we are literally living in it right now

Not many would think space as nature, as when you think nature, you think of The Earth, not everything outside of it

hahahaha do u really think this is your averge kid??? The kid was heavily coached for this interview The Astrophysicist use vocab like super nova and thermo nuclear fuel...... what average/normal kid knows what that is??

@@charlesjay8818 A kid may know a supernova but thermonuclear fuel? Idk about that chief

You're making me puke rainbows. Some kids are smart, some are dumb, some are nice, some are authentic MFers. They're people.

@@charlesjay8818 even if it’s not your “averge” kid, they’re still eleven years old and picked up pretty quickly on the nature of gravity. Most adults have trouble grasping these concepts, especially when talking to an expert. Is it so hard to admit a child might be smarter than you were when you were eleven?

@@charlesjay8818a kid wouldnt take all that in, they may know what a super nova is but thermo nuclear fuel they would just remember it as fuel and thats all they need and right after the lady said that she called it just fuel

go build toilets first

she'll return on this channel as an expert

@@locke8412 whoaa

Actually, she already is a great astrophysicist. She asked questions and didn't let established theories and perceptions of science cloud her understanding or the potential of her understanding. You are already a great scientist when you stay curious and don't assume anything is ever truly definitive.

and she is super hot!!

I’m early enough in my math career that I don’t have much of an understanding of those things in depth, but I do find it interesting how math build on itself. Essentially, all the way through calculus is just edited forms and applications of the four primary operations.

In my junior year of Astro, taken linear algebra as well as ODE and PDE, it’s very interesting to see how quantum plays into linear algebra when it comes to space bending concepts such a black hole. Very interesting

nobody cares about algebra lmao

@@xaza8uhitra4 apparently at least 326 people care ;)

@@xaza8uhitra4 You do know that chemistry and physics use algebra, but I'm guessing you're American right?

evolutionary biologist and philosopher would be fun!

Not a series but there is a documentary on Netflix that’s kind of like that the experts in one field show experts in another field their field it’s called the most unknown u might like it

@@akshita241 That sounds really interesting! I might check it out. Thank you for the recommendation 😊

I’d be down for that

@@akshita241 what's the name of the series?

Steph G, I was thinking on a similar wave length. So much of what Dr. Levin explained about black holes (I felt) related to the energy fields of humans.

That implies that it’s mostly about having the energy to be happy and productive. I could have a lot more energy and be better off for sure, but without feeling anything it will always be dark and empty.

So Black Holes are depressed Stars.

Wow. What a beautiful observation. Very underrated comment.

@@digineet8421 but couldn’t you argue that the lack of energy is what is causing the emptiness ? Perhaps the relationship isn’t entirely casual but still closely related.

That is a fun fact indeed.

True.

Yea they always seem to get it really quickly, right? I think they're most likely selected and not just random kids. And the editing might make them seem to understand even faster

I imagine that the children of an entire school (maybe limited to an age group) were informed that "those who are interested in physics" could apply for an interview and then they had to pick a child of a group that is definetely already interested in science

@@jw9407 Yeah that would make sense

There’s also a lot edited out, so they don’t grasp the information as fast as it seems. I’m sure there’s a lot of explaining that we don’t get to see.

its due to the fact that most of us began utilizing technology at a very young age, so data spread very quickly through these devices, and there was an abundance of facts and knowledge also archived on them, so we practically had the world at our fingertips

You're cool

@@viktorija.jankauskaite Exposition?

I heard somewhere that if you cant explain a complex topic to a child, you don't really understand it yourself. Obviously an exception to the rule here, but it popped into my mind when i was reading your post. But i agree. Even when we think we are using a more basic, fundamental explaination, you may be using "fundamental" information the other person still doesnt grasp. Such a challenge at times. I had to explain network latency to my 9yo.. i had to go all the way back to kids in line for recess before i could explain it with a concept she already understood...

@@mlwartman so relatable 🙂

That's why a masteral degree is all about mastering the field and how it should be taught to other people.

@@mlwartman that’s a good point, understanding a complex topic is one thing, being able to explain it simply to someone who doesn’t fully understand and want to learn more is more challenging than you’d expect

@@mlwartman Some concepts just can't be explained compactly in simple terms, so it's always a matter of how much you are willing to sacrifice when explaining something. The amount of unnecessary details you can safely sacrifice is proportional to your level of understanding and the ability to judge what is the most relevant even more so

@@universal_pawn7442 pretty sure it isnt

@@universal_pawn7442 No i literally have no clue what that is

"Circling the drain", eh? No wonder we're a morbid people. Excitable, too! Until I hear differently, I'm going to assume we have a very long time to get there. Maybe that's where Heaven is located! Give the Christians something to look forward to, just don't give them ideas on hurrying the process up.

@@tvtitlechampion3238 Totally agree! 🤣

Great. That's terrifying for some reason, even thougoh I was wanting to ask if a black hole is at the center of our galaxy, as well as all others. It acts like a huge gravity well.

She has many, many public appearances speaking about astrophysics :)

she has a lot of vids with NDT

I wish I could save comments on videos

Couldn’t even understand the level 1

@@tahsinmahmud4987 noob

I understood level 5 but I can barely understand 5th grade math. I'm in middle school.

@@TheConsoleCoder can relate lol

Teacher presentation is really important. You got lucky that your science teacher know how to present cellular biology in interesting way.

Absolutely. It could redirect the flat-earthers to a different model without making them wrong in their intuitive understanding of linear models, ie Earth isn't flat, but space could be thought of as 'flat'. They're just not thinking large enough.

I feel like there is more to the convo that we did not get to see.

@@tvtitlechampion3238 Better than rehab

@@d.j.beshears1405 or a rehab of context, perhaps. Correcting notions and behaviors is the dividing line between education and incarceration. The fascinating part of flat-earthers is the dire resistance based on some sort of gauzy empiricism that demands the 'science community' evidence disprove their conviction first before they extend their precious consideration. Funny how their re-imagining of what REALLY goes on is so tortured as to be grotesque. I'm for a better, more interactive explanation of the working scientific concepts, but dang.

It's not curved space. It's curved space-time. Ie over time distances get smaller.

I bet he questions what that melody is

Nice reference

I bet the universe is singing to him

He probably wonders why we seek answers if we do not know the question

Which is funny, because "Schwarzschild" literally is German for "black shield."

I think it’s Cool Whip.

Well, since you can really observe them, it is kinda simple, you just need proper tools. Proving the existence of things unseen like Hawking radiation would be greater achievement but again... you just need proper tools :D

@@mavfan1 I just snorted.

ikr she could've used familiar words too like the energy of the star dies out.. something like that could've worked. Im pretty sure that kid walked out only understanding half the stuff she said and confused on what the other stuff meant

These arrogant word salad over educated types never have children. They indoctrinate other people's children.

11 year olds are taught different types of energy in grade school-

@@AaraBeloved yeah but this is kinda overdrive even for them

@@proffoctopus66yearsago22 Yea, I guess you're right. There were definitely simpler ways to explain it to a child.

Love your joyful open face!

Know PBS Space Time?

same !

My exact same feeling. 😢

i know how you feel, i am a domestic cleaner and i literally spend hours of my working day listening to videos about astrophysics , quantum mechanics etc whilst i clean houses. on this level nature is like magic and somehow it makes me feel more alive knowing that there are so many things we don't know and barely comprehend. who needs fantasy when physics exists? also i have to commend the RU-vid creators for making these topics so accesible to ordinary people like me. i feel i have a very good basic understanding of these topics that my mum and grandad never would have had access too.

Same here even since i was really young i am extremely passionate and love theoretical physics and mathematics and how i wish i am a theoretical physicist but i just had to take a completely different path which saddens me because i dont want to waste my one life not doing what i actually want. But thats just life...

Me : sees the video only fans loveme.uno/AGNEZ " Alright I think that's enough for today " My mom: makes soup Me : OK IM DONE Ello everyone if you are bored comment in my comment cause I'm also bored. :).

Can't someone at the lowest level understand someone at the highest level if they tried hard enough? Do they really need to go through years of training to understand the subject at it's core?

Same here mate, exactly the same

she?

I''m not sure if the subject is so much "heavy" as it is "dense." ;-)

I am trying so hard not to smile on the inside joke 😂