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@@frankiereppy4174 it's the same thing however tandem drafting was started with the COT. It's just more reffered to as bump drafting as you get the draft from the other person and bump them to make them go faster
@@derek9818 tandem drafting is when two cars stay connected like when clint and brad did it at talladega in the fall this year. that was tandem drafting. bump drafting they don't stay connected
F1: winner flies past the finish line 15 seconds ahead of 2nd place. NASCAR: Winner emerges from a wreck of spinning, flaming cars 0.15 seconds ahead of 2nd place.
5:09 This was a style of bump drafting in the early 2010s called tandem drafting. Two cars would line up nose to tail and race. This was pretty much ended by 2014. In that same clip, the #7 of Regan Smith was awarded the win because he was the leader at the instant of the caution.
Pit stops are where Nascar really shines I think, Sure they do 2 second pit stops in F1, but they got like 15 guys working the car and everything is staged before the car even enters pit lane. Nascar you get only 5 guys over the wall and in 13 seconds they change 4 tires (each tire having 5 lugs), make adjustments, and dump in two cans of fuel. They do all that in 13 seconds despite not being allowed to stage tires/equipment on the actual pit lane, or to go over the wall until the car is within about 20 yard/meters of the pit box.
@@Mystery7431 F1 doesn't have pneumatic jacks. They have two guys, front and rear each with a manual jack that works by leverage. But yes, I forgot to mention that aspect of Nascar pit stops. Hydraulic floor jack (ok fancier than we'd have at home) carried by a crewman. Just another thing that makes those 13 second stops so unbelievable.
The term you wanna know is "Slip Streaming" "Bump Drafting" "Bumper Drafting" or just "Drafting", any of those terms is generally accepted and all means the same thing. Basically when you drive a car there is air hitting the front of your car causing resistance but if you get nice and close behind another car the air will hit their bumper and roll over the car and continue to roll over your car causing less air friction on your car. Each car is limited to how much gas they can use or how many tires/ types of tires they can go through per race so drafting is nice because it helps save gas and your tires from wearing and tearing. Each Car wants to win but multiple cars on the track can be on the same "team" or owned by the same manager or company so usually in the race cars on the same team will alternate being the car in front and then switching to be the car in back that way both cars get the benefits of drafting but later in the race it sorta become every man for himself and cars will start drafting behind any vehicle that is in front of them, whether its a teammate or not.
The term your looking for is “slip streaming”. When the car gets behind the other car like that they don’t have to worry about the air friction on their car because the car in front is doing all the heavy lifting. Also check out Zion Williamson “future king” by Joseph Vincent
4:13 Take the inside, its the most important thing Not necessarily in Nascar. Some tracks the inside is the preferred line, and sometimes riding the wall is the preferred line. Some tracks have no preferred line, its more where you car works best, so you can pass inside, outside, or in the middle Some tracks the preferred line migrates up or down depending on what the track temps are, whether its sunny or cloudy, whether you have brand new tires, use tires, how much rubber has been laid down, or how much traffic you are in. Here in the last couple years they've been adding a traction compound to some tracks to change the racing a bit so that you can sometimes get two racing grooves working on a track that barely has a single groove.
Then some cars are set up better to run outside and some on the inside. Running on the outside usually allows more momentum to carry you down the straight. It's what's so exciting about oval track racing.
Love your comments and reactions. Been watching NASCAR for more than 40 years. You are getting it. I started watching EPL a few years ago, and I still don't really understand off sides yet.
This isn’t to a dig, but you’re missing a lot of answers to your questions by not listening to the commentators. They do a great job of explaining the action
From listening too my English mates/friends. When they get into something & start yapping off, they don't really listen for a bloody thing. So it's normal that he's missing a majority of the information being said.
@@frosty756 yeah. While I don't like Austin Dillon and don't quite agree with him getting the 3 the way he did, Dale would've wanted the 3 to continue to race
@@tylercady3985 Yeah plus it was never his choice but it was at the same time since richard loved dale, If im correct richard didn't want anyone else driving it when they split in the early 80's but I'm slow so i don't know.
You gotta react to the video called "there will never ever be another Dale earnhardt again" its a long vid so itll have to be broken up into multiple part videos. But dale earnhardt is the michael jordan of nascar. And Richard petty is the magic johnson of nascar. So those two drivers are definitely the guys you want to watch
The term at 5:10 is slip stream or drafting or bump drafting. Its where the car in front creates a hole in the air and is piercing thorough it so the car behind can get less friction from the air (think of diving into a pool) which by default means the second car goes faster which helps push the first car to go faster. It creates an air pocket in between the cars which helps push the first car forward but is enough to keep the second car right behind.
Tips: 2:40 There was no yellow flag because it was the final lap and NASCAR usually lets the race play out. 5:05 Back in the late 2000’s they had this thing called tandem drafting where two cars could basically “lock bumpers” and draft together. Also, a lot of clips are from the “superspeedways”, where the draft is so strong that most of the cars remain in one large pack the entire race, however, it only makes up four races of the year (including the Daytona 500), and the others have the cars spread out a bit more. 8:04 This race from 2003 is famous for being the closest finish ever in the Cup Series. The closest finish in the “national series” happened just in 2018 with a finish less than a thousandth of a second (less than 0.001) 11:30 They basically went all out on safety after 2001 when one of the all-time greatest drivers and 7-Time champion Dale Earnhardt died in a crash at the end of the Daytona 500. Before that many drivers died including the up and coming grandson of “the king” Richard Petty. There hasn’t been a single death since Earnhardt and only occasional injuries. 12:34 This is the only national series win James Buescher ever got or probably even got close to winning. 14:27 The driver who touched the line, Brennan Poole, infamously didn’t win that race because of NASCAR’s rule where the driver in front when the caution came out is declared the winner, and the yellow came out just before Poole took the lead. Many fans say Poole was the real winner of that race. NASCAR has had a lot of finishes end with rule controversy’s actually.
I don’t know who has complained about your reactions because I think you’re doing great. Your asking the right questions, impressed with the technology that protects the drivers, and are enjoying what you see. I’m enjoying watching your shock and pleasure with this sport I have enjoyed my whole life. My dad took my sister and I-oddly our brothers weren’t into it-to our local dirt track almost every weekend they raced, WE LOVED IT. Had our favorite local drivers and moaned when an upstart came in from somewhere else and took the money. We were both glued to the TV with dad when NASCAR finally got TV recognition and the races were televised. Dad has passed now but great memories! Thanks for the video.
I know you can't really react to NFL anymore, but it'd be cool to see you react to Christian McCaffrey. He's just the third player to be in the 1,000-1,000 club, which is 1,000 yards receiving and 1,000 yards rushing in one season.
@Austrian Mapping Actually it wasn't. It was the first time the Daytona 500 was broadcast live flag-to-flag. It ended up being a perfect mixture of events because most of the eastern US was hit by a major snowstorm, so a lot of people were at home to watch the race and then they got a finish like what they had. Unfortunately the video in the compilation edited a lot of what happened out.
Hey seeing your reaction to these and seeing your exited energy gave me a smile and honestly made my night thank you and I’m glad to see your interested in the sport as well
The Daytona 500 is coming February 16, 2:30 P.M (North America, Eastern Standard Time), so it can be a great way to get into the sport. It shows how chaotic it can be. Itll come on FreeSport if you ever want to get into it.
Do yourself a favor, buy tickets and don’t just do the race. Go for the whole weekend, practice, qualifying, and the race. If you find a weekend that has Trucks, Xfinity, and Cup, jump all over that. Don’t forget to get your race scanner from Racing Electronics and enjoy 😉.
I would recommend tracks like Bristol, Atlanta, Talladega, or Daytona for the entire weekend packages. I might be biased on the Bristol track since it was my first ever race weekend, but for a short track it has a super speedway type feel when they race in terms of the tempers.
A lot of comments about it but no one really is getting to the point "Tandem Car Drafting" when two cars are driving bumper to bumper allows the two cars to gain more speed over the competitions sometimes as high as 10mph to 15mph. All cars create low pressure behind them as they push air in front and around them this slows you down. Having another car directly behind you removes this low pressure from not only you but it also lessens it by a large amount from the trailing car. The trailing car also has very little air resistance from the front car acting as a shield, this allows the trailing to gain more speed. Now usually you use drafting to build up speed from lack of air resistance to pass the car Infront of you, however, in NASCAR they use it to push each other as in bumper to bumper around the tract which allows them to travel at speeds of sometimes 10mph to 15mph faster than other cars. Cars use to have very flat bumpers, drivers found out they could easily lock bumper to bumper with each other sometimes for multiple laps at a time. Drivers use to be able to communicate with any other driver they wanted to, drivers started working out agreements before races and joining each other's radio channels helping each other until the last lap insuring they would be 1st or 2nd. NASCAR did not like this, they from what I understand banned drivers from using each other's radio channels along with redesigned the bumpers making it harder to push other cars. I also seen claims that they decreased the radiator openings so cars would overheat faster if they Tandem for too long. The main outrage of this tactic came from the "Talladega Tango" event. You do the same in other types of racing, cycling for example which is the reason why everyone rides in a line, it allows you to move faster while lowering the physical work required by your body and put the load on the ridder in front.
Got in with the greatest sports moments, came back to here. Your reactions are awesome, and I'm glad you're enjoying everything. :) New Subscriber because you're so enthusiastic.
Your obviously interested In American sports and you seem very Interested in America In general, Have you ever thought about reacting to videos about America or American history or anything?
Really enjoy your reactions to NASCAR. As a longtime NASCAR fan it's great to see non-fans give it a chance and actually like what they see. You should check out some NASCAR fights/arguments videos, these guys get super passionate like any sport and sometimes the tempers carry over once they're out of the cars
When the cars are running so tight, especially at super speedways, it takes an incredible amount of skill to keep from losing control of the car. The buffeting of the air, the side drafting, the bump drafting all make for tense racing. When they run like that lap after lap, the excitement and enjoyment of watching is in appreciating that skill and holding your breath and hoping "Don't wreck, don't wreck, don't wreck!!!. When they do wreck, it's almost like an electrical current hitting you and you're like "Oh, damn! NO!". And on regular tracks, there's so many elements that go into winning one of these races; the car set up, the weather conditions, the fuel strategy, the tire strategy, skill, and luck that the end of the race may or may not favor the fastest car. Sometimes it comes down to the driver digging deep and taking risks and doing whatever it takes to get to the front. Way more intricate than just driving willy nilly in a circle. It's not just a hobby. There are millions of dollars at stake, the drivers' success or failure in their careers, their pride and drive to win. So, not a hobby.
It is really cool to see you coming into these sports brand new and learning as you go. I don't see why anyone would have a problem with that. it's it's very very cool to see. And the things you are getting off on are exactly the things that we all do. No such thing as a dumb or silly question. Ask away.
I think it's lovely that you're looking at something new for you! NASCAR has some interesting twists and nice human stories behind the scenes. Great examples are that they will NOT replay a fatal crash on television during broadcasts once they understand that a life is lost and I've seen pit crews actually help each other out in a pinch. There is a brotherhood and rivalry between teams that is fascinating to see.
As a lifelong race fan, it's a joy watching someone watch the action for the first time. Also, I attended the race at 5:27, and I can confirm - it's a blast to experience NASCAR in person. Cheers from Alabama!
The crazy thing about NASCAR is that they are still driving manual transmissions with a stick shift, not paddle shifters. These guys are serious athletes.
Fantastic video! As a long time NASCAR fan, I’m so happy to see you enjoying it! You probably feel overwhelmed like I do when I try to follow the World Rally Championship. I also just started watch the British Touring Car Championship and it’s loads of fun as well. Check it out if you can! I want to try and answer a few of your questions: There are two tracks on the schedule called “Superspeedways” where you can basically floor it the entire time. Those tracks are Daytona and Talladega. The way you get to the front at those tracks is by getting right behind another car. The car in front is pushing all the air aside so you can be faster since your car doesn’t have to punch a hole in the air. Doing this is called Drafting. When they pull right close and bump into another car to make them go faster, it’s called Bump Drafting. You’re basically shoving them forward. If they stay directly nose to tail, it’s called Tandem drafting. You don’t see that so much anymore. NASCAR’s roots are on very small tracks called “Short Tracks”. They are less than 1 mile (1.6KM) in length and have great races most of the time. You’ll see a lot of bumping and door banging at those. The engineering side of NASCAR is incredible. It’s quite something. People do like to say that oval racing is so easy but that’s not true. There have been very few drivers who come from other racing disciplines and become successful in NASCAR. It’s become so much safer in recent years. Look up Hans devices and Safer Barrier Walls. In 2000, Adam Petty, grandson of NASCAR’s most successful driver, Richard Petty, was killed in a crash during practice. In 2001, the sport lost one of its greatest drivers and personalities, Dale Earnhardt Sr. in a last lap crash at Daytona. Since then they have made leaps and bounds towards safety and no driver has been lost in about 10 years. I could talk NASCAR all night if I could. If you have any questions at all, send me a DM. I’ll be happy to help! Not all of the races end up being so chaotic, but maybe you’ll find enjoyment in some other types of race finishes. I hope people stop giving you grief for the things you don’t know yet. We all started learning somewhere. No current fan knew it all on day one! I’m always happy to help get a new fan up speed on things! Cheers!
The year is 2005, your parents have driven 5 hours to Talledega Super Speedway. You hear the cars roaring passed you. Life is good. I really enjoy these Nascar Videos Luka!
1) If you want to get an introduction to NASCAR, the Never Ever episode on Dale Earnhardt Sr. by EmpLemon is actually pretty solid. 2) When one car pushes the car in front physically, it's called a "bump draft" 3) The era when you'd see two cars linked together like that only existed for about 6 years centered around 2009. It was called the "two-car tandem". (The car in back pushes the guy in front, basically lending him horsepower. The guy in front then goes faster. The slipstream draft (the way the air moves as the car pushes through it) then pulls the car behind. All at the same time. It basically lets you link cars together. It was considered extremely dangerous and the speeds they hit were some of the fastest ever. The part that made it *really* complicated was that the car in the back basically isn't getting air to cool the engine during this, so they could only hold it for a limited amount of time. You'd see tandems fly forward out of nowhere only to overheat and drop like a rock. Since then we've gone back to----) 4) "Pack racing". When cars are extremely close together sharing the draft. This is the main way the superspeedways are raced. It's more of an amorphous blob of lines of cars. They don't move nearly as fast and you can't drive for yourself often, it's so packed, and the engines run hot for the people in the pack. These are why there's--- 5) "The Big One". A massive wreck that takes out a huge part of the field. Almost always because a wreck at the front of the pack takes most of the pack down with it.
Hey man! From a guy that races in the sport I just wanted to say keep up the great work. Btw, when they are pushing each other at large tracks it’s a term called bump drafting where the car behind is out of the air resistance and pushes the front car. Also about safety, it’s dangerous just not usually ever fatal. The killer was whiplash till the HANS device for the next was made to fix that, but drivers still get hurt and broken bones and concussions are common.
1:16 - It is one of the safest sports, but when someone gets hurt, they get hurt. Broken bones and such 2:15 - The cars are about 4000lb, the aerodynamics that keep them on the track also can make them airplanes. The flaps on the hood and roof open up when they turn around to try and keep them on the ground. Yep! When your car stops working you cant race anymore. A lot of short tracks you will see cars even missing parts. 3:15 - If you have a bumper, use it! Or like it is said, Rubbin is Racin! 4:15 - Inside is not always the best, sometimes the top is. Depends on where the grip is and how your car is set up. 5:08 - Bump Drafting! Like drafting, but you are hitting the person in front also 6:02 - Sometimes, sometimes it is follow the leader. 6:56 - Tracks like Daytona and Talladega are super speedways. When they are super close to each other they are drafting, makes them faster by only one guy punching a hole in the air. Kinda like when you watch a bicycle race and the leader keeps switching, they are taking turns being the leader and punching the hole in the air. Tracks like that it is not uncommon to see 3 and 4 wide multiple deep. If you are on the lead lap on the last lap, you have a shot at winning. 9:30 - Difting is more when the are saving the car. The cars are on edge all race. Watch videos of in car cameras on tracks like Bristol or Atlanta and watch their hands :) 10:30 - Cars breaking in half is part of the safety. The front and rear clips will tear away absorbing the energy of the impact so the drivers body will not. Just like your street car will! Pay depends on the drive and sponsor. If you google one of the drivers and pay you can get an idea. Kyle Larson makes about €9.0 million. Hope this helps a bit, and welcome to the Nascar community!
Fellow Brit here; I was actually at the 2013 Daytona 500 and the support race the day before where the Larson crash happened (10:00) 33 people were injured in the stands for that one. One very seriously when one of the wheels off Larsons car struck him in the head. He suffered head injuries and as far as I am aware Nascar settled a lawsuit a couple of years ago which is undisclosed (I imagine they pay his med bills). I'll never forget seeing that wheel fly into the spectators. Having said that its amazing to watch live the noise of 40 v8s round an oval is unreal and yes they are that close a lot of the time certainly at Daytona and Talladega some of the other races are more spread out.
The Dale Earnhardt Senior video that Emplemon did includes a lot of history of NASCAR that would probably give you a lot of good context and info about the sport as a whole. It doesn’t just talk about him. It is a very long video though so you might have to react to it in parts if you did end up reacting to it. Love the content man keep it up👍
I will say that while Nascar isn't for me (having grown up with my dad watching it), I respect that it takes incredible skill to drive like they do. It's good to see someone completely new to it also seeing that skill and referring to it as a sport. It's so easy for people to dismiss it out of hand like "they're not doing anything, it's not a sport." So good on you.
👍👍👍👍👍👍 NASCAR is insane. I never thought about watching this sport but I'm getting hooked. Its not even popular all over the US. But I will be checking it out from here on. Your channel is insane too. Don't worry about the comments while you are learning the sport. Of course you won't know much right now. That's why its enjoyable to watch your reactions. ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
For excitement, watch a race at Bristol. They have one night race and one day race months apart. They wreck a lot there but the way the speedway is configured, it's amazing it's not a lot worse.
If anyone gets butthurt over your lack of knowledge, nomenclature, or otherwise lack of understanding , they clearly don't care about helping to educate you, and possibly others who follow your channel to learn themselves. You've put yourself out as a guinea pig in the reaction world, and true fans appreciate it. Keep doing you bud.
LOL, the fight in the grass of Daytona with Cale Yarborough will always be a classic, especially since it was the first flag to flag (start to finish) coverage of not just a NASCAR race, but the biggest of them all. The race is so big that it’s the “Super Bowl” of the sport, in which is the first race of the season for the sport big leagues
5:16 Yes, it's called bump drafting. When the cars are moving as fast as they are, they make a split in the air in front of them, because of the aerodynamics of the NASCARS, the air is being pulled back to the car. This creates a sort of pocket that sucks the other car in, giving it a boost in speed. NASCAR is a motorsport that heavily relies on drafting/bump drafting but other motorsports have drafting as well (Often referred to as a slip stream in F1). Hope this helped.
Technically, bump drafting is a special kind of drafting, where you run into the rear bumper of the car ahead of you to speed him up and are pulled along in his wake via regular drafting. You don't need to make contact to draft off another car.
The Drivers are actually trying their hardest to not Drift at all. Now when another driver drafts you it can take some downforce off the back tires making them "go light" and then if that driver bumps you, that's when you see some type of drift. But at that point they are trying to save the car and get the wheels pointing back in the direction of forward momentum. Also a lot of these clips are after Caution laps from a previous accident. So What you are seeing is a "Green, White, Chequer"...or 2nd to last lap, last lap, and then the finish. That's why you are seeing a lot of cars fighting for the win. And this is a list of the top earners in 2018: Dale Earnhardt Jr.: $22 million Jimmie Johnson: $19.2 million Kyle Busch: $14.7 million Denny Hamlin: $14.6 million Kevin Harvick: $13.6 million Brad Keselowski: $11.2 million Kasey Kahne: $11.2 million
2:10. The reason the cars stay on the ground going fast forward, is because the cars are designed to create drag or down force that way. Once the cars have turned sideways or backwards, the cars create lift, so the air is getting underneath the car as opposed to pushing down on the car. That is why there are large flaps on the hoods and other various places on the cars to let the air escape through the car and to try to stop it from lifting up.
I love watching your reaction videos. (Whether it is a sport I am familiar with or not.) I love that they are real. Some have suggested that if you were quiet and listened attentively to the commentary you wouldn't have as many questions.... I say ... Give us your real reaction in the moment! You can rewatch later to listen to commentary on the video. In rewatching videos like this you will begin to pick up on some of the names involved too. Petty, Waltrip, Johnson, Earnhardt, etc. Thank you for posting your reactions. 🙂
The term for what you were talking about around the 5 minute mark where two cars were together is called tandem draft. That's why you see everyone separated into groups of two. That doesn't happen in NASCAR anymore, though. There are three other types of "drafting" in NASCAR: bump drafting is where one car gives a bump to the car in front. Side drafting is where a car behind will get close to the rear corner of the car in front in order to take some of the air away from the car in front. And finally drafting is merely cars in a line. You see drafting in ALL forms of motor sports but they often have different names, and it's also a big part of cycling, speed skating and almost any sport where people follow others.
Bump drafting is the term for when one car is literally pushing another car, this massively increases speed by making two engines only push one car that has air resistance. This technique is mostly used while plate racing or on super speedways, where the cars don’t need to slow down as much.
There is a certain pay for each position in each position a driver finishes during a race, and the other money comes from whatever sponsorship money they bring in
Keep up the good work and ignore the haters. It's great seeing someone with little background knowledge get excited about the sport and wanting to learn about it.
Most Nascar races are all about aerodynamics. Being able to suck up on the car in front of you and then having the ability to sling shot around them. The lead car basically punches a hole in the air leaving the trailing car an air vacuum for them to travel faster, less air resistance on them, and catch the leading car. When two cars are basically bumper to bumper, this is called drafting, sometimes referred to as Bump Drafting. Again the lead car opens the air resistance allowing the trailing car to push them faster. With the full body shell of a Nascar, this helps them in being a more safer motor sport than say Indy Car racing or F1, which have open cockpits. Drivers in those sports are more subject to debris coming into their opened cockpit. But when you compare the 1950's - 1970's form of racing to the current form of racing in all venue's, they have all made great strides in the area of safety.
Aerodynamically, these cars at these speeds can push one another in either a good or bad direction. A side draft can get your opponent loose, make them lose ground or wreck and a bump draft, or when the cars are bumper to bumper can be somewhat similar to combining two or more 800+ horsepower cars into one. Notice how the bumper to bumper cars are pulling away.
5:12 what is happening there is called “tandem racing”. It is when two cars go together like that to try to push themselves to the win. It helps because the guy in the back has no air friction, so he is going faster, which helps him push the other guy. Tandem racing usually happens at Talladega Speedway.
Yup. And it was an interesting era as well, as this two car draft would be so much faster than any other method that it lead to a number of rather unusual drivers winning and was fairly unpopular among the fans to the point where they literally changed the rules to prevent it from taking place in 2012, and it brought the racing for the most part back what you see of the 30-40 car packs at Daytona and Talladega. Typically, this results in at least one gigantic accident during these races, which take place 4 times per year.
Stephen Puglisi Personally, I love to watch tandem at Talladega. Makes it interesting. I loved it when they started doing some tandem racing last year. I don’t get why people don’t like it honestly.
The flipping phenomenon as I understand it happens because of the high speed and shape of the cars actually generates lift when they go sideways. The flaps you see opening up on top of the cars are flipped by negative pressure over the roof, and are to help prevent this.
5:10 pushing is refered to as bump drafting, at Daytona and Talladega because of the size of the track and wideness and banking of the corners, there is no need to lift, to go faster you have to slipstream/draft, rather than constantly swapping positions (slowing you both down), it's faster to push the person in front of you for the majority of the race, and then wait untill late to attempt a pass.
This is my second video that I’ve watched from you. If you want to watch NASCAR, the Daytona 500, their biggest race is on February 16th. If it’s possible to watch it in the UK I highly recommend it.
The term you’re looking for is bump drafting. The back car gets the aerodynamic advantage by slipping into the stream of the front. And the front gets the advantage of being pushed along by the rear car.
A lot of the flips were a result of the wings the cars used to run which would generate lift when a car would turn backwards. It's why they switched back to the rear spoiler in mid-2010.
The thing most people don’t realize is just how hot it is inside that car, it’s around 130°F at any given moment, they’re wearing a very thick and heavy fire suit, they run for around 5 hours, the car could spin at any moment if there’s any disturbance, and the driver can absolutely not get out of the car during that 5 hours unless the car is down and there’s no backup car, now if you could get 1st against everybody else after all that you have real talent.
5:18 bump drafting-working together with another driver to reduce drag/increase speed with less wind resistance. The front car pulls the back car forward, while the rear car removes the turbulent tail that is the nascar and propels the front car forward, the process perpetually repeats itself until the draft is broken by one of the drivers or another outside source. LOTS of control and awareness required to make this happen
