I love your videos and I've been watching them for a long time now. The fact that you even show your failures makes you one of the very few "good guys on youtube" for me so please, keep up the good work! Much love from Germany :)
Cody, my name is Patrick Gaines and I'd just like to say that you're a brilliant person and in all honesty the main reason I'm continuing me educational career. I've been obsessed with sciences of all sorts but the school systems where I live arnt to found of teaching these kind of things. For about 4 to 5 years I've been cunducting my own experiments in my home (the first being the extraction of bismuth from pepto bismal) and I'd just to give you thanks for being a legitimate educational sorce and I'd nothing else a motivator. You're a genius man, thank you so much sir.
I work the cryogenics plant in Panama for the Air Force. We used a Compressor to pull in air, compress through 5 chambers, refrigerate the gas, pass the gas through silica gel to remove moisture, then blow to vapor into a tray tower. This would super cool the gas into a liquid. The nitrogen and oxygen would separate and we could store each into storage containers. This works off the principle of Increased Pressure = Increased Heat / Decrease Pressure = Decreased Heat. Keep up the good work.
Muzik Bike - Geometry Dash and stuff producing iron out of blood seems possible. Drying, heating it up to several 1000degrees and add charcoal to remove oxygen. A very weird way to obtain your pickaxes iron.
Cody , Bro. you have inspired me. im saving my old PC parts so I can later recover the metals. your videos have given me so much information and knowledge. thanks for every video!!
I just wanted to say thanks, partial because I love these videos, but also because you show when something doesn't work. I love that. It makes the learning process so much more fun when stuff doesn't work the first time.
jamie o'brien increased surface area by Fick's Law increases the rate of exchange in this case of heat, so he's getting maximum cooling effect over a short distance on the oxygen by coiling it
+LHommeDeCave Not really Fick's law, it's just convective heat transfer. q = hA(Ti - Tw). h is the heat transfer coefficient, A is the surface area in contact with the fluid, Ti is the temperature of the main flow of fluid, and Tw is the temperature of the surface.
I saw a while back a video showing of the first people (scientists) that were competing to be the first to get to 0º-kelvin. And it was mainly done, of course, by liquifying gases. And if i remember correctly, it was Dewar who had an apparatus of various stages of liquifying different types of gases, in sequence where each one had a lower liquid point than the previous. A chain of liquifying gases. Up to Hydrogen, and then Helium (which he didn't get to). But i'm saying, maybe you could try this, because the gases were not wasted. And you could maybe hook it up to a solar panel with a compressor, make it self running. IDK. I do know it's a lot more woork XD. But hey, you're here to work for our entertainment right? hehe :D
DissectedPig I sense you were thinking i want him to attain 0 kelvin. No. I'm just talking about a machine so he can get liquid Oxygen without having to buy/waste Nitrogen.
Gustavo XD you are correct about Mr. Dewar. This is why any container designed to hold a type of compressed gas/chemical is housed in what we call Dewar's.
Almost a million subs... Wow. All I can say is that you deserve it. I've been around since episode 1 of your refining precious metals series and you didn't even have half of what you have today!
Wonder what the million subscriber video will be. Actually, the fact that a million people are subscribed to this channel is great. Shows you don't need frantic video editing, great quality camera work, multiple people, etc to create a product people enjoy.
Cody : best RU-vidr ever ! Every video you upload gives me this exhilarating feeling I felt when I was doing experiments as a kid. I wish I had the tools necessary to build cool things like you do (I wish I had an hydrogen and oxygen generator).
Yeah I know for the NaOH/Aluminium method, but I'd prefer electrolysis. I kind of wanted to create a O2 + H2 gas generator like the king of random did too... but I just don't have any tool here in my flat, for this. Nothing to cut, nothing to weld etc. But this was just an example... I'd like to build a lot of other things. But watching Cody kind of relieves this will to build things and do experiments I've had my entire life !
Back when I did LN2 demonstrations at my local science museum one of my fellow demonstrators brought in a cheap wok to make it easier to cool and shrink balloons. I noticed a constant drip coming from the bottom of the cold wok. On a hunch I collected some in a test tube and got a pale blue liquid with white particles that settled to the bottom. I did a splint test and the glowing stick burst back into flame,.
Cody, I used to do this alot (work at power plants where we have tanks of liquid N2 to blanket our steam drums to prevent corrosion when not running) just for fun. Typically immersing a test tube in LN2 and putting pure O2 gas inside the tube to allow it to condense (from an oxyacetelene rig). The LOX will be a pale blue color when it is pure, not clear. You have probably figured this out by now, but I just wanted to mention it. Love your videos. Keep them coming!
I solder to stainless fittings to kegs for brewing all the time. Use Harris Stay Brite #8 solder, Harris Stay Clean Liquid Flux, and keep it VERY clean with some surface abrasion to get through the passivated layer. Cleanliness is very important (much more than Cu soldering) and the Harris products are high silver content compared to regular solder. But if your parts are clean and you use the harris stuff, it solders even easier than copper because to lower thermal conductivity keeps the heat where you want it and you can walk it around. It's easier to overheat stainess soldering than copper though for that reason too.
If you think about it, it only makes sense that it would pull air in and constantly liquefy like that. The air already in the tube liquefies, presumably leaving a tiny vacuum, the condensation is pulled out the bottom by gravity, making it pull in from the other end so long as the tube is cold enough to condense the gases coming in.
It is actually extremely easy to silver solder/braze stainless steel with BAG24 silver solder and white flux. I have made Stirling engines using stainless steel water bottles in this way. I have braised or soldered most metal combinations including aluminum to stainless steel and honestly stainless steel with BAG-24 was probably the easiest to do other then copper.
9:10 Me and my friend once planned on building a model rocked using ethanol and oxygen as fuel. When we went to buy the oxygen (we both were 15 at that time) we asked the dude from the hardware store if we were even allowed to own 350 liters of oxygen (compressed into two .9L bottles) and he just said "Eh.. A little bit of oxygen never harmed nobody.." i suppose rules for that just aren't that strict in europe..
Cody you could have brazed the stainless steel to copper no problem. You just need to use a brazing rod for that application. You can braze ALL dissimilar metals together as long as the alloy turns liquidus before the base metals being joined. Also having clean surfaces prepared before you start. Another cool thing is that if the gaps between the parts is a very tight fit you only need a tiny bit of brazing to fill it. The tighter the tolerance and the thinner the brazing, the stronger your joint will be. More isn't better.
Hi Cody, i really hope you read this, I'm in my 3rd year of theoretical physics and just finished my 6 month project on solar cells, but i've noticed that unless I make one my self i dont really knownthe struggle of manufacturing one, although i know how they work and everything, it just seems like i'll never get my hands on one, now i have a request and a big favor, if you could make a series on harvesting materials required for building one (silicon will be difficult to harvest) because it seems like nothing is impossible to you and i'm just dying to watch a video like that on internet and couldnt find it anywhere, no one has made a silicon solar cell from scratch. I love watching your videos and think that you teach people so much about the real stuff and how things are made and not only focus on the theory, really like this channel for that.
Light1500 it's not methane, it's CO2. The tank still has oxygen in it so the bacteria are doing aerobic respiration. For methane to be produced there must be no oxygen in the tank so the bacteria respire anaerobically.
Great video, good job. I was wondering if a magnet were held in place (by another magnet possibly through a wood board) and there were 2 other of the same magnet aiming at it from different directions, would it be able to spin forever without any help? (sorry if that description was super confusing)
+creapycreaper101 Nope. There is no such thing as doing something "forever without any help". In fact, that configuration would just lock the magnet in a perpendicular position to the other two.
Love these videos. A follow up, it it hasnt been done yet, would be to separate H and O2 from water through electrolysis and chill the gas as it escapes. I cant help but think, submersing your welding O2 in liquid nitrogen would be easier than chilling the gas as it passes through the tubing. but then it leaves you with a cold sealed tank of O2 that you need to poke a hole in.. Maybe thats not such a good idea after all.
you make me wish I graduated high school man. you've made something thats confounded me all my life so fascinating. If your channel were a book I don't think I could put it down!
What about putting it in a centrifuge? Do they have significantly different densities? Will it be practically unfeasible to try to separate them this way?
You could use pressure swing adsorption with molecular sieves to concentrate oxygen. There are medical devices that do this instead of bottled or cryogenic oxygen for pulmonary disease management. Concentrators are also used in some fighter aircraft to reduce hazards of compressed or cryogenic oxygen. I am pondering an argon concentrator using the same process so I will never run out of shielding gas for my GTAW welding..which works very well on stainless steel ;) not that I am volunteering to be your welding guy but it could happen
Very nice work sir! Do you have a method of evacuating propane cylinders before cutting them open, or do you not bother when using hand tools? People say it's dangerous but I have a hard time seeing a hacksaw igniting anything.
Probably because liquid oxygen is very dangerous , and you maybe need to have some kind of license or business to buy it. Nitrogen is not reactive/dangerous.
Hmmm... Well, oxygen sure is dangerous, but actually, everything can be harmful in the wrong hands. It's probably what you've said "and you maybe need to have some kind of *license* or business to buy it."
Dude I dunno if you've tried since, this vid is several years old. But you can easily get yourself liquid oxygen. You have to buy a large dewar unit which is usually around 1300ish, but then you can just have them deliver and fill. Or truck the dewar out to get it filled. If I recall, you live in CO somewhere near Denver. Look up Buckeye Welding. They're amazing! Many of us glassblowers regularly purchase and use LOX or compressed oxy for fueling our torches! Airgas is an elitist and horrible place to get any gas or supplies unless you're buying industrial volumes.
Liquid in the copper pipe is the condensate of air as you know. But liquid use around 1000 time less space then gas. So, you have a pressure difference in the tube and It's constant because the liquid is evacuated and avoid and equilibrium of pressure with stand still liquid oxygen.
well... if you can buy liquid nitrogen oxygen is the main component of rocket fuel so yeah... unless you want people able to make bombs very easily don't sell liquid oxygen
☼ Heirloom reviews ☼ I am wondering the same thing. Don't the tanks of oxygen that people with respatory illnesses use have liquid O in them? What "bad stuff" do people use it for to make it regulated?
stainless steel isn't a problem to weld. It's just more fluid like when melted than normal steel. you should be able to get special wire for stainless (most food grade stainless is 304). i would recommend tig welding it if you can though as it provides more control than mig.
+Lewis Massie: That's probably a bad idea as well unless you open up the oven door once in a while or just poor 90 °C water on the pipe and the propanone will boil away.
The reason the paper was difficult to ignite was likely due to two factors, but not liquid N2 concentration. The first thing is that the cold paper was condensing atmospheric water which tends to smother a fire. The second thing is the cooling effect of the evaporating gasses. Fire must reach and sustain a minimum temperature to continue. That temp is fairly high for paper to burn,
From what I've learned, the air being pulled into the coils could be from the gas changing into a liquid. From my experience this can cause a very strong vacuum. It was used in a plant that I worked at.
Nice work Cody, and I just love the comment threads that your videos spawn. Almost as entertaining as the videos themselves! I know it's a bit late, but Happy New Year to you and yours.
oh! well my shitty 4g only lets me watch in 480p couldnt really tell. but my question is would lowering the temperature even more make it deeper blue color?
You can use an invacare oxygen concentrator as an oxygen source. You can find them cheap in glass blowing forums. By cheap, I mean about 200$. They output 5-10lpm depending on which model you get.
He tried making a coil gun which works on the same principle... It did propel the projectile, but not fast. It's not the simplest thing to get working well.
Yeah, coilguns need a long distance to build up proper speed. Railguns can go much quicker over a shorter distance, but they produce an outward force on the rails which makes engineering them a nightmare.
I did this same experiment when I was in high school and I didn't need to build any fancy equipment. I very simply filled a large styrofoam cup with liquid nitrogen and placed a bunch of empty test tubes in it, mouth up. Oxygen with some argon started condensing inside them. Of course there was some water ice/dry ice in it though. I then combined all the test tubes together and it filled one all the way. It was pale blue and magnetic. Igniting paper in it actually exploded and I have a small scar from it.
mrtyrese05 quote: "Caillou is a despicable, spineless 4-year-old boy who cannot do anything. He can't grow hair, not because he has cancer or progeria, but because he sucks, and even his own body recognizes that he does not deserve hair or food or love."
Hello Cody, Actually stainless steel can be soldered. I could solder even with the rosin and good soldering iron. You can also use sulfuric acid to do the trick. Tin solder nicely sticks to most of the stainless steel I had to deal...
It blows my mind how many videos you put out, and each one of these projects being something an average person would likely individually take awhile to complete.
Liquid oxygen is used to treat a variety of respiratory conditions. It is safe to breathe. However compressed gas is a much more common method of supplementary oxygen delivery. I work for a respiratory/home oxygen company.
Hey Cody, I did a bunch more testing with the liquid Oxygen today, and I discovered a reaction I think is definitely worthy of video, as I couldn't find it anywhere. Kerosene and Liquid Oxygen. It explodes very quickly. I dumped an unmeasured amount of Lox into a tin can containing kerosene, and lit a fuse. Maybe 200 milliliters of the stuff created a fireball/flash about 25 feet tall. Definitely try it out.
RuNe Voltage i mean, if it wasnt for the fact it would freeze your insides if you breathed or drank it, it probably wouldnt do too much harm, though there may be some issues with something so magnetic being in your body, simmilar to how people die if they consume small magnets from having crushed organs. it is noteworthy to say that drinking liquid oxygen wouldnt be the same as breathing
Believe it or not, oxygen is very toxic in above normal doses even when breathed in at atmospheric pressures. If the oxygen isn't used up or expelled from the cells fast enough radical species can build up quickly and initiate peroxide chain reactions causing all sorts of havoc.
The dioxygen molecule (O2) has a couple of unpaired electrons (one for each oxygen atom) which gives the molecule a dipole and makes it susceptible to magnetic fields. This isn't just true of liquid oxygen - gaseous oxygen has the same properties, but in the gas phase the material is not dense enough and the molecules have too much energy - they are moving around too fast for magnets to hold onto them. Liquefying the oxygen not only removes a lot of the energy but also increases the density by a factor of almost 800, so the magnetic effect becomes much more apparent. Technically, oxygen is paramagnetic. This means that it has no magnetism of its own - it cannot attract steel objects, for example. But in the presence of a magnetic field, the dipoles in the oxygen molecules align and become magnetic, which is known as magnetic susceptibility. The result of which is what we see when liquid oxygen is brought near a strong magnet - it sticks to the magnet. The effect is similar to ferromagnetism (seen in iron, steel, nickel, cobalt and rare-earth magnets), but a lot weaker: It takes a powerful rare-earth magnet to have much of an effect on liquid oxygen - a conventional and much weaker fridge magnet barely interacts at all.
It seems as though the reason for the passive suction is due to the air condensing--rapidly--into a smaller volume; thus causing a vacuum in which the warm air will fill the space created from the previous air's gaseous to liquid/solid state transformation. Also, the simple fact of the liquidized air pouring down the tube is likely to push air out from below which would create a "sucking through a straw" effect. Not too good with the proper terminology for what I just explained, but all of these combined most-likely causing this passive suction.
Robert Hathaway I know that but forget the temps, what would it do in your stomach, like, would it boil and you could breath it in, or would it sit there and just evaporate and circulate?
It would immediately start boiling in your stomach releasing a lot of gas because liquid oxygen contains 4000x more oxygen then what you are breathing in from the air, which would build up pressure. This pressure would likely travel up your esophagus into your lungs causing them to collapse as well as tearing holes in your stomach. yes it will very likely kill you
Everytime i see a video in my feed by you Cody it literally makes my day, i absolutely LOVE your videos as i have for some time now, ever gonna get to the point to where you upload more frequently ?
You need to run a drying filter to remove the water from your system. You can get one cheap from harbor frieght or any auto paint supply place. you can hook it in line before it gets to the cooling chamber. As soon as you started blowing through it I was saying,yup he is putting a ton of water vapor into it. In the winter when it is really cold,that is why people complain about having dry skin,dry throats etc. The colder temps convert water vapor to ice,essentually drying the atmosphere.
liquid O2 is supplied for welding and such but it is an economy of scale issue, the smallest L.O2 tanks are quite large(forklift large) and expensive, though if you are consuming that much O2 in your welding shop and not located near a gas plant then it is more economical than compressed gas cylinders, But at some point around that same level of consumption it also become economical to use an O2 concentrator.
Hey Cody just wanted to thank you for making videos. I look forward to every single video and have been since quite a while ago. I think around 15k subs. But, never mind me. Just keep making videos and keep being awesome Cody:)
Hey Cody, I have an experiment to think about if you are interested. It involves Foam Metal tubes wrapped in carbon fiber, and filled with Hydrogen at pressure. It is meant as proof of concept that you can build a strong low mass framework for a vehicle that acts as the fuel cell to power itself. I think something as small as a few oz would be enough. And it doesn't have to perfectly seal. I believe a rigid frame saturated with Hydrogen could be scaled to any size that would power mechanical force more efficiently than any foreseeable battery technology. Also the Methane would kill your animals long before there was any danger of explosion. A bit morbid, but at least you never have to worry about an explosion.
Don't let working with stainless steel scare you anyone. Stay-Silv 56 brazes any iron/nickle or even copper alloy and works absolutely beautifully at a relative low temp.. If you don't mind the price for that perfection ($8 per rod).
