Computer Color is Broken

Подписаться 6 млн

Просмотров 4 млн

50% 1

Thanks to www.audible.com/minutephysics for supporting this video!
MinutePhysics is on Google+ - bit.ly/qzEwc6
And facebook - / minutephysics
And twitter - @minutephysics
Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute!
Music by Nathaniel Schroeder / drschroeder
This video made possible by the following Patreon Supporters:
Mark
Wes Brown
John Green
Florian Philipp
Rens van der Heijden
Bob Bolch
Daniel Ametsreiter
Joël Quenneville
Richard Pearson
David Dailey
Steven Mulder
Karim
Ethi Raj
Ryan Kyle
William Ricketts
Collin Mandris
Matt
Jonathan Foster
Siddharth Sadanand
Maarten Daalder
Robby Olivam
Alan Browning
Jonathan Piersa
Julia Person
James Craver
Sarah Chavis
Yonatan Bisk
Richard Campbell
Chris Barrett
Jan A
Christopher Coleman
Daniel “YoureDown” Breger
Hendrik Payer
Daniel Yip
Matt K
William Pearson
Kevin Lynch
Nick Ward
Kevin
john eriksson
Allan Farrell
Tobias Olesen
Chris Chapin
Michael Keefe
Jon Mann
Bert Goethals
Joji Wata
Adam Naber
Rob Ibsen
Jacob Gumpert
Peter Collier
Andi Davis
Aarthy
Raymond Cason
Evan Gale
Paul
Tori McClanahan
Andrew Stobie
Dominik Steenken
Danilo Metzger
Christian Altenhofen
Ezra Lee
Roy Morgan
Olivia Darroch
Amber Ciarvella
ryan horlacher
Keith Chang
Milokot
Janel Christensen
Will Scherer
Mike Fulcher
Larom Lancaster
Liam Callaway
John Harman
Christos Papandreou
Fernando Pazin
Johnathon Kinville
Jason Medrano
Andrew Barnett
Katharina Schuchmann
John Gietzen
Michael Tardibuono
Matthew Hebert
Christy Filipich
Pierre-Louis Bourgeois
Genevieve Lawrence
Brian D'Agostini
Chris
Dominik Menzi
Ryan A. Schauer
Daniel Johnson
Nico Houbraken
Michael Carr
Ragnhild
Elizabeth Meisterling
Lysann Schlegel
Magnus Krokstad
Chase Turner
Owain Blackwood
Russ Arrell
Brenden Bullock
Asaf Gartner
Mark Samberg
Tina Johnston
Mike Cochrane
Tom Murphy
Peter L
Jeff
Erica Pratt
David
Artur Szczypta
David Drueding
Nicklas Ulvnäs
Nigel W
James Nelson
Mary Foster-Smith
Clayton Neff
Michael Merino
Jason and Gayle Corfman
Mihaly Barasz
Steven Klurfeld
Richard Bairwell
Tamas Bartal
Erven
Justin Prahl
Michael Maitlen
John Harman
Hans van Staveren
Kasey
Karlin Nazario
M K
Jacques LABBÉ
Geralyn Byers
jason black
Candice Blodgett
Daniel Gibbs
Henry Berthelsen
Andy Kittner
Steve Hall
Erdumas
Rob Snyder
John Kelly
Jessica Rosenstein
Bill Tomiyasu
Vasco Simões
Eoin
Simon Hammersley
iain
Holger
Alexis Carpenter
Jay Goodman
Joseph Perry
Mark Govea
Eduardo Rampelotto Gatto Created by Henry Reich

Наука

Опубликовано:

19 мар 2015

Ссылка:

Скачать:

Готовим ссылку...

Добавить в:

Мой плейлист

Посмотреть позже

Комментарии : 3 тыс.

@katiefrances531 7 лет назад

ahh!!! this means a lot to me as a digital artist!! thank you for explaining why my drawings turn out like garbage when i try to blur them

@fart2 7 лет назад

Me too, it really help me as a digital artist :D

@futurestoryteller 7 лет назад

I don't understand how it helps. What do you do to fix the problem?

@Phenrex 7 лет назад

futurestoryteller They could find an application that properly blends colors, such as the aforementioned settings with photoshop :p

@elbryan9 7 лет назад

In Photoshop, you create a custom RGB setting with a gamma of 1.0. Edit>Convert to Profile. Click on the Profile drop down menu and select Custom RGB. Then type in a gamma of 1.0. You may also want to change the Primaries to Adobe RGB 1998 (mine defaults to HDTV for some reason). As for any other programs, couldn't tell ya.

@samalass466 6 лет назад

If youre trying to blurr little dots or something like that, lower the opacity and lower the size of your smudge tool.

@chase_like_the_bank 8 лет назад

This actually helped me so much with the raytracer I was writing

@rich1051414 8 лет назад

+chasenallimcam I am a programmer who did not know this, but experienced this before. Now I know why, and will surely forget before i need it again.

@hardwirecars 8 лет назад

+Richard Smith give me your email ill set up a spam program to remind you every 3 hours or so. anything so i dont have to fix your mess later.

@rich1051414 7 лет назад

My reasons are different, generating color gradients mathematically for display in RGB, the color space of the frame buffer.

@ranger.1 6 лет назад

hal hahah ok!

@internetdoggo4839 4 года назад

Wow, that's dope

@victoriam586 6 лет назад

I'm a professional illustrator, and you just taught me something. I'd always assumed it was because image editors were intentionally treating colours like pigments and mixing them subtractively instead of additively, since the result generally fits.

@Juniorfunny24 5 лет назад

>An Adobe product not having the default option be the best choice. As typical as the sun rising in the morning.

@ForfunckleStudios 4 года назад

haha hating on adobe cause everyone does it how funny and original

@TheDeathKnight 4 года назад

@@ForfunckleStudios Hating a company due to their bad consumer practice is clearly wrong

@Narauto_ 4 года назад

same por Apple

@jaekoff5050 4 года назад

Nice greentext.

@KilianMuster 3 года назад

@@ForfunckleStudios Hey I've been hating on Adobe ever since Photoshop 2.5 you whippersnapper!

@angelorf 5 лет назад

Gamma correction is like daylight savings time. The actual mathematical operation is super easy, but I can't for the life of me figure out whether to do the one step or its inverse. I keep rewatching this video time and again.

@joshuachristenson2014 Год назад

Spring forward, Fall back.

@CLipka2373 7 лет назад

Interestingly, the non-linear storage of brightness in computer graphics did not evolve as a clever deliberate choice; instead, it was merely a legacy from the display systems used back then: Cathode ray tubes. Their brightness happens to be roughly proportional to the square of the control voltage. Designers of TV broadcasting norms were aware of this, and decided to compensate for this effect in the broadcasting side of the system, to keep the receivers as simple as possible. When those same receivers were later adapted as computer displays, the computer engineers never seemed to have paid any attention to this detail. It was only when computers started to be used in the printing industry that this quirk started to get any attention in computer technology.

@ranger.1 6 лет назад

CLipka2373 Very good

@TuckerDowns 4 года назад

It turns out that while it was a by product of the physics back in the day, It has stuck around because it is actually useful for data compression.

@brod515 4 года назад

@@TuckerDowns how is it useful for data compression; I've never fully understood that point.

@Ruhrpottpatriot 4 года назад

@@brod515 Roughly speaking, taking a square-root means keeping the first half of a numbers most significant bits and dropping the other half, essentially cutting the size in half. This is more complicated in practics, but I how you get the idea.

@brod515 4 года назад

@@Ruhrpottpatriot This still doesn't quite make sense. information like that would be stored in 4 byte floating point numbers which will still use all the bits to represent a number. I don't think that's what he was referring to as compression... there is a common idea that storing the values non-linearly stores only the useful information for the human eye and I don't quite understand it.

@ThePizza28 3 года назад

I noticed how as an artist I never use even a tenth of all the very bright white values available to me, and it irritates me a lot when my dark grey gets 1 unit closer to black but it looks much darker...

@Ayverie4 8 лет назад

My mind is blown once again. Thank you, MinutePhysics.

@haseenabadshah5381 4 года назад

268 likes epik

@xINVISIGOTHx 9 лет назад

the bass in this video is shaking my house

@cyclone8200 9 лет назад

it ruined my sub

@arooobine 9 лет назад

cyclone8200 I see what you did there.

@florisr9 9 лет назад

You should check your sub's volume...

@Xenro66 9 лет назад

INVISIGOTH Bangin' tunes mate. Amirite?

@EirikXL 9 лет назад

This comment was so random I had to lol.

@urinstein1864 9 лет назад

Minute Physics Minute Maths Minute Biology Minute Technology 4 Minutes of Awesome

@casaverdero 9 лет назад

Where is minute chemistry?I am a chemist

@Nvortex15 9 лет назад

casaverdero there isnt

@rubenlucescu5651 9 лет назад

casaverdero "In science, there is only physics, all the rest is stamp collecting" -Ernest Rutherford

@Regnorash 9 лет назад

Ruben Lucescu But we need math for physics....

@foobargorch 9 лет назад

Regnor Math isn't a science (there's nothing empirical about it) What is meant by that quote is that at the time physics was a reductionist use of math make testable predictions, most other sciences were still concerned with just phenomenology.

@deusexaethera 6 лет назад

As a computer programmer, I think this is less an issue of laziness and more an issue of not realizing the color values were square-rooted in the first place. Thanks for sharing this information.

@vizzysfizzys 3 года назад

that moment when your drawing program has blurring on an image but it knows what it’s doing and doesn’t make it ugly

@caramida9 9 лет назад

Nope... beauty isn't the default... laziness is... ask any engineer...

@Sebastian-hg3xc 9 лет назад

performance. computers haven't always been this fast. the image formats come from a time where desktop computers were slower than your average smart phone. he was even making this point in the video.

@caramida9 9 лет назад

***** That was in the past... however in software in the present still use the same technique... answer... laziness... trust me I'm first year in IT engineering...

@DoctorPaco 9 лет назад

Are you kidding? You think that you can speak for all engineers because you are a first year IT engineering student? Don't make me laugh.

@Zer0Mem0ry 9 лет назад

caramida9 Engineers should develop better alternatives for jpeg, png and bmp since they're way outdated.

@Pocket-Calculator 9 лет назад

VirtualCoder Except they already exist and nobody uses them.The same way there has been an alternative to .docx that's one trillion times better and nobody uses it.And the same way averyone should be using .webm instead of .gif but then again nobodo does.

@AbrahamAnimations 8 лет назад

Wow! Just checked and Photoshop does mess it up :( But! Blender's node editor, free 3d software, makes it yellow how its supposed it be! :D

@AbrahamAnimations 8 лет назад

***** Thats ok :)

@jaredcfw 8 лет назад

+Abraham Animations Yup Blender is awesome like that. XD

@EliteRocketBear 8 лет назад

+Abraham Animations Comparing Blender and Photoshop doesn't make sense tho. They're both made for vastly different reasons.

@AbrahamAnimations 8 лет назад

***** True, but in the sense of blurring, photoshop doesn't do it quite right :)

@EliteRocketBear 8 лет назад

Abraham Animations Does it just fine, if you toggle the right mode. The fact that barely anyone noticed this thing prior to this video just speaks volumes how little it matters. And for those whom it does matter (See graphic designers, Texture artists, etc) Photoshop has the option right there for them already, even back in the earlier incarnations of the software, because they know who uses it.

@descent8275 7 лет назад

thank you. Now all I see is incorrect bluring. :P

@lucasok1185 10 месяцев назад

Damb I remember when this video was new, one of the first videos I saw on the channel. I am really enjoying RU-vid recommending me old minute physics videos all of a sudden

@saquist 9 лет назад

WOW, that was WAY more relevant to me as a photographer than I thought it would be when I clicked on the video

@minecraftace123 8 лет назад

He just basically called Apple lazy :D

@ethanchou4906 8 лет назад

+minecraftace123 Ya apples are lazy they just hang on trees

@minecraftace123 8 лет назад

+Ethan Chou How very true. . .

@dz4k.com. 8 лет назад

The level of polish we've come to expect from Apple products

@shrekdreck2429 8 лет назад

You're right, like i'm totaly sure the apple engineers just accidently put 2gb or DDR2 RAM in a computer that has 2 4GHz quad core processors. It totaly wasn't just to scam idiots out of their money or anything.

@minecraftace123 8 лет назад

LE/A Tyrone Indeed, indeed!

@TigerDan04 4 года назад

Thank you! That was an awesome video to go with my coffee. I learned something and now I want to figure out which editing programs will give me those gorgeous RGB blends!

@rerere284 4 года назад

As a (hobby) programmer, I come back to this video occasionally to remind myself about this. Thank you. On this watch I realized I've programmed contrast wrong in a few programs.

@AngelAlvarado57 8 лет назад

As a student of computer science I can say this is accurate. We learn to blur images with the wrong approach and then with the good approach. It's about understanding how computer graphics work, the same for bubble sort, we learn the easiest method first. What is wrong is have the wrong method in professional tool as the video says.

@Sebb747 7 лет назад

So, can you tell me whether the default RGB-values using approach is wrong? Or is this about actual formats?

@AngelAlvarado57 7 лет назад

+Sebb747 like the video says our human vision can't tell the difference between bright colors but dark colors. So, instead of wasting data storing bright colors we can have a better image by storing the root of the original bright value. It's like the mp3 format, instead of saving inaudible sounds we delete those frequencies.

@Sebb747 7 лет назад

Angel Alvarado Yes, I'm well aware of this. I'm in CS myself. But if you do image processing, you usually convert your image into an RGB(A) array which you then work with instead of working with the raw data of whatever image the user chose to supply to you. My Question was whether those RGB values are representing square roots and are being multiplied down the graphics pipeline or whether this is just a problem for people who choose to - for whatever reason - work with the raw image data.

@AngelAlvarado57 7 лет назад

+Sebb747 You can't know unless you have the data from the original source, take for instance a camera, you can set the gamma values on it but once the photo/video is taken all is stored in the basic RGB(A) values. The same when displaying the image, you can change the gamma values in your TV or screen. The thing for us as developers is how to treat those pixels, you can choose the lazy path and use the mean to "blur" the image or be aware that it's not that simple and you need to consider all cases. Color math is an interesting topic as well. I stopped learning about IP but there are a lot of resources out there.

@Sebb747 7 лет назад

Angel Alvarado Guess I'll have to write a test case for my image generation stack. Thanks anyway :)

@highdough2712 8 лет назад

More than one million views and no comments?? As a person who does does a lot of graphic art on the computer, I'm amazed I didn't know this before. And why this has not been fixed.

@highdough2712 8 лет назад

***** Yes. I see them now. I did find it very strange.

@highdough2712 8 лет назад

***** Thanks for the tip. I will try that.

@Gnomefro 8 лет назад

+Mason Bially In general, the downsides of open software with regards to bugginess, lack of support, and most importantly, lack of economic incentive to fix problems, far outweigh any theoretical advantages. _"Also, you as the user can always fix the problems with open software."_ Absolutely not. Almost no users are competent to fix problems with any large software package - even if they happen to be professional programmers - that stuff is just a pipe dream in 99% of cases, possibly slightly better if the problem can be fixed by writing a plugin. The most laughable part of it though, is that if I, as a programmer, ran into a problem with an open source image processing package and knew what the problem was, it would almost certainly be 100 times quicker for me to write my own special purpose program to just do that particular job instead of spending days or weeks attempting to understand the original program to the point where I could modify it safely without breaking other things. The typical case is that open source software is written by a handful of dedicated enthusiasts, with minimal programming input from users. Blender is a prime example of this, as large critical portions of the program is developed by one guy.(I know this because the lack of development effort prevented me from using the software at one point and it was decidedly not worth my time to write the software myself when I could just buy it from an actual business)

@spectrium-gamingandanimati2185 8 лет назад

+Julien12150 that happens to me all the time on my phone

@Nicse4s 7 лет назад

The reason it hasn't been fixed is for larger images, the ammount of time a proper blur takes is far more meaningful then smaller images. a 1024x1024 image has just over 1 million pixels. The first method uses an addition and division operation per pixel (The colors are already square rooted), So for the picture using the first method, just over 1 million additions and divisions The second method uses 1 addition, 1 division, 2 multiplications (squares), and 1 square root (The most expensive basic math function a computer can do(Not counting trig functions)). So this multiplied by 1 million, and it would take 1 million additions, divisions, and square roots, and 2 million multiplications. If you are going for a faster program with less wait time between blurring operations (paint, photoshop) or less intense software on older hardware in general, you go with the 2 million operations rather then the 5 million operations

@DrgnAnim 4 года назад

this explains alot i thank you for letting us know this

@Nothing-cx4jt Год назад

Simply amazing. Thank you so much for this marvelous work.

@BoogsterSU2 9 лет назад

I'm gonna blatantly send this video to all iOS and software developers.

@Huntracony 9 лет назад

Boogster Su I like that that implies that IOS developers aren't software developers.

@whiteautumn2075 9 лет назад

lol like they're gonna listen to what people actually want

@jumpstart8159 9 лет назад

Just because he mention iOS doesn't mean windows android works different. As you can see he only mention Instagram even those every website works the same way. Morons. He just used something he know people are familiar with

@GoldenKingStudio 9 лет назад

Yes, because they are all incompetent people who know nothing about this problem...

@insect212 9 лет назад

Apple isn't stupid, they picked the inaccurate method for a reason, it's fast. Squaring and then square rooting takes up a lot more processing power, if they would have went with that it would have been laggy. I did some tests and the square root method of finding averages was 30x faster. Edit: someone pointed out to me that using lookup tables (essentially a long list of per-caclulated values) can speed up the squaring method. I tried that and it really speed it up. Using lookup tables the squaring method is now only 2.6x slow, which is a performance hit IOS developers could handle, so yes they are lazy.

@DeadUnicornClub 9 лет назад

Americans blend away the u in color.

@Mega3rn3st 9 лет назад

*colour

@chaquator 9 лет назад

lol i bet brit bongs say "loul" instead, too

@Irixion 9 лет назад

chaquator Colour rhymes with 'duller' ...lol rhymes with log. You're not going to say color. The second o in colour is never pronounced as the o in log.

@Pryen4 9 лет назад

The u in color is like the brown in between two colors, ugly and not needed

@Hubertus2224 9 лет назад

Innar Koït Chtofenbeurg AmE - color BE - colour

@maddimoulds4328 6 лет назад

I know this is a old video but can I just say it's AMAZING how easy this is to understand. I have a very shitty range of skills in maths. I do not understand what square roots,timestables are like rocker science to me,ect ect yet despite this I can still understand what your saying. Good job on the way this was worded!

@MatteoCavasin 4 года назад

brilliant video! understandable and yet in-depth. Finally, I know what the gamma in colour setting is!

@DanErwin 9 лет назад

Can I vote to see a sequel to this video explaining "color space"?? Relating to monitors, tvs, and any digital (or non-digital) final presentations. It would shed more light on the subject... "Color space" can be hard to get your head wrapped around: What are you working/editing in? vs. what is the final output in? and how to compensate appropriately.. The sheer amount of different "color spaces" reminds me of the frustration in the amount of different video codecs there are... which could be another interesting topic/video to explore..?? #danerwinfb

@LectionARICCLARK 9 лет назад

Beauty should be the default. That's true in many circumstances.

@General12th 7 лет назад

Too bad most things and most people aren't beautiful.

@priyamvadajain1513 7 лет назад

What a beautiful video.. and a beautiful observation. Well done minutephysics

@bmayden 8 лет назад

This is an interesting problem I had noticed, yet not really pondered much about. Thanks for explaining the reasons for it. Square roots matter more to me now.

@UnPuntoCircular 9 лет назад

I can't believe you made a video for this.... hahahahahah AWESOME!

@1ucasvb 9 лет назад

In Photoshop, when creating a new image, set "Color mode" to "Lab color". That'll set it as the default for new files. When saving to PNG or JPEG, you'll need to go to Image > Mode and set it to RGB.

@akinoreh 6 лет назад

Checking "Blend RGB Colors Using Gamma" seems to only work for painting (on RGB Color Mode). When I blur the image, I still get the black edges. Switching to Lab Color produces correct results both with painting and blurring whether "Blend RGB Colors Using Gamma" is checked or not. Using Adobe Photoshop CC 2017.

@Fynmorphover Год назад

What the heck is Lab Mode, why does everything look better lol (now when you desaturate, the black and white values picture look actually correct). Why do we even use RGB mode?

@official-obama 8 месяцев назад

@@Fynmorphover cielab?

@ilyboc 4 года назад

Great I am sure I watched this video at a certain point in time but now that I am learning game dev and wanting to understand gamma correction for textures I watched it again and it makes more sense now.

@polychoron 4 года назад

Thank you! I need this knowledge. Hope I'll remember how to do it when the time comes.

@huntergrimx 9 лет назад

Ill add this to my giant list to why ios sucks

@TheSelphir 9 лет назад

iOS really doesn't suck....iOS just serves a different purpose from Linux and Windows.

@yyunko7764 9 лет назад

***** Well iOS is basically a very expensive version of unix so...

@MrDerpHerp72 9 лет назад

Hunter Grimx This isn't limited to just iOS...

@Evolutionmine16 9 лет назад

I think you missed the point of the video. It's not just iOS, it's the vast majority of computers. Every one needs to change, not just the OS you dislike.

@janisir4529 9 лет назад

***** It's overpriced as fuck.

@BritishBeachcomber 4 года назад

That's why professional photographers always use "raw" image format. It preserves colour and brightness information correctly.

@ZaHandle 3 года назад

jpeg sucks for quality

@banana_man_101 3 года назад

So I accidentally turned on my translator and it messes up really often so showed a different comment and then this comment

@eness379 3 года назад

@@banana_man_101 ok

@SreenikethanI 3 года назад

@@banana_man_101 ok

@Orange_Tree_ 4 года назад

O'kay, YT, I have absolutely no ideas why you are giving me four years old video, but this is actually bloody awesome one! Good job on making this, mate

@joshl6462 4 года назад

Thanks for explaining gamma in a way that doesn't make my brain crust over. I enjoy graphics algorithms and the Gaussian blur issue here is very useful to know!

@tibschris 8 лет назад

Beauty is the default! Look how elegantly an entire image was stored using as few bright gradations as the human eye can even notice!

@NeoKobalt 8 лет назад

I FINALLY understand the purpose of lab color mode in Photoshop! thank you

@rhamph 7 лет назад

Years of programming, including reading about gamma, and I never saw mention that both cameras and monitors used logarithmic scales, therefor all our beloved 8-bit image brightness is also on a logarithmic scale. "Gamma correction" is always portrayed as a funky post-processing effect to manipulate brightness, not an intrinsic step the monitor does to reverse what the camera did.

@oppenapple 4 года назад

Way to go Henry! Great analysis.

@heyitzrane3025 6 лет назад

It's super easy for me to blend colors. All I have to do is take off my glasses! (BTW, I'm nearsighted.)

@ZaHandle 3 года назад

Same all i need to do to blur the picture is steal your glasses

@ImmaterialDigression 9 лет назад

Is there a setting for this in GIMP?

@samramdebest 9 лет назад

I want to know the same thing, I think GIMP does this because i found the settings, cubic and linear. (with standard cubic)

@builderecks 9 лет назад

On my copy of gimp it did it right by default.

@unvergebeneid 9 лет назад

builderecks Using which filter? I tried Blur, Gaussian Blur, Motion Blur ... none of which did the right thing. I also tried cubic and sinc interpolation when upscaling and even that didn't do the right thing. That's pretty shocking I have to say. This was all done using Gimp 2.8.10.

@unvergebeneid 9 лет назад

samramdebest That's only the interpolation between pixels when scaling the picture. So all but nearest neighbor go through the same colors; just the shape this gradient takes is different. It's got nothing to do with gamma correction. The images in this article explain it much better than my words did: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicubic_interpolation

@builderecks 9 лет назад

Penny Lane Don't know if maybe the default settings are different on linux (which is what I use) blur, Gaussian and motion all smoothly blended with no darkness issues in the color test I did.

@hyattparkinson9430 6 лет назад

My sister works for Valspar Paint and creates her CH (Color Harmony) thoroughly through it. I love her!

@sitioprueba2855 6 лет назад

thank you for creating this!

@kraygarde.7325 8 лет назад

is anyone else getting super bass in their headphones?

@thelennipede9382 8 лет назад

no i am not getting fish in my headphones. if you are, please see a doctor

@kraygarde.7325 8 лет назад

lol that actually made me laugh

@auhng 7 лет назад

So you don't laugh at a fish very often.

@oM477o 7 лет назад

I'm not really a fan of Nicki Minaj

@albertovicinanza 6 лет назад

Someone isn't using neutral headphones I see

@RyanBottriell 8 лет назад

from a programming point of view though, blurring functions are already computationally heavy, and square roots are notoriously slow to process as well. I think we'd find that blurring images the correct way on devices like iOS with high pixel densities might actually produce upsetting lag in the interface. It's the kind of trade off that can be well worth it for the small number of people it might actually upset and teh small number of images it might mess up. IMO

@joeedh 6 лет назад

That's what look up tables are for. :)

@purpleice2343 6 лет назад

You have no fucking clue what a lookup table is.

@joeedh 6 лет назад

No, I was not referring to the *blur*, but the gamma correction!

@benuscore8780 6 лет назад

What Joe meant was a rainbow table. You only need a couple of megabytes to map one for every single color

@derrickmelton5844 4 года назад

You literally pre-compute the inverse gamma curve and the normal gamma curve...multiply the working texels by the appropriate value of the inverse curve to get back to linear color space, blend, and multiply by the gamma curve to convert back to sRGB encoding....the curve is the same for each color channel too so you don't even have to waste memory pre-calculating for every possible color

@DryLog420 5 лет назад

Wow... I never knew! Good videos keep em coming!

@camerongray7767 3 года назад

Very good video, clear explanation and super helpful and interesting

@RFalhar 9 лет назад

Holy shit. I consider myself a software developer with good understanding of image processing, but this is news for me.

@mikethunder84 5 лет назад

♥️"Shouldn't beauty be the default?"♥️

@JP-sw5ho 4 года назад

Thank you for this. I’ve always wondered

@Epaminaidos 6 лет назад

Thank you! A few years ago, I had the exact same issue when trying to animate a color-change from red to green. And the library (jquery-ui) I used, added some dark gray in betwenn. Now I know the reason :)

@aurarus 9 лет назад

This is the first time in a long time I could follow along holy shit

@fabriceneyret4267 7 лет назад

well, indeed it's not sqrt, but gamma transform ^1/2.2, or indeed it is sRGB transform that is more complicated. Ok, it can roughly be approximated by sqrt, but please don't say it IS sqrt. It's not more complicated to do the real math.

@mikhailmikhailov8781 4 года назад

It doesnt particularly matter, sqrt is just a function that will space big values apart more than it will which is what the video wants to show. Introducing the actual real math there wouldnt serve to do anything, other than alienate the average viewer for no real reason. He puts an asterix for people like you as well

@dlwatib 4 года назад

What's the point of the video if not to be accurate?

@TristanBomber 4 года назад

The video literally says this already at 2:01.

@totheknee 3 года назад

@@dlwatib What is the point of your comment other than to imply that 2.0 is not in between 1.8 and 2.2 (which the video explicitly shows at 2:01)? This is not a rhetorical question.

@aboutvenice 6 лет назад

Most cleat explanation I ever seen. Thanks!

@CactusFlowerSky 7 лет назад

Lovely explanation of how blur works, did not know that!

@GregoryTheGr8ster 8 лет назад

YES BEAUTY SHOULD BE THE DEFAULT! YES YES YES!

@josh11735 9 лет назад

How he got through this video without ever once mentioning that one digital picture (that shall not be named), I'll never know... ;P But seriously, very interesting video! :D

@Raicuparta 9 лет назад

what image?

@josh11735 9 лет назад

Raicuparta The image of a particular item of clothing :P

@unaliveeveryonenow 9 лет назад

josh11735 pfft, that fad lasted like 2 hours

@josh11735 9 лет назад

cyberconsumer That's why it was a joke

@tubebrocoli 9 лет назад

it's actually more impressive how he did not mention the city lights picture from Nasa... scale it without converting to LAB colorspace first, and you get an image that's waaaay different.

@Metzae 7 лет назад

It's always great to understand what you intuitively know.

@Tondadrd 4 года назад

I have to use this in one of my programming projects!

@DonatoGreco 7 лет назад

if you REALLY want the Blur to use the correct Luminosity value, don't use RGB, but switch to LAB image mode (Image>Mode>Lab in Photoshop). Only there you will find the correct Luminosity applied to the color edges.

@Photosounder 7 лет назад

In Photoshop I set the image to 32-bits/channel mode, then it does the math right. Too bad many functions aren't implemented or poorly adapted to that mode.

@julianhugen8760 4 года назад

THANK YOU ALOT. I really wanted correct this because the blur effects I used to ajust ilummination in 3D render was getting a weird darkess. =D =D =D

@MatthijsvanDuin 4 года назад

Using Lab is not more "correct", from a physics point of view using linear RGB is correct while Lab is wrong. However, Lab may very well _look better_ since the Lab color space is designed to model human perception.

@wesleymays1931 3 года назад

And from what I've seen, you can use it to adjust skin tones. (Flesh Man Group intensifies)

@Owen_loves_Butters Год назад

2:53 Fun little thing to try to prove yourself (if you like math). (sqrt(x)+sqrt(y))/2

@tciddados Год назад

Interesting, all this time I attributed this to thinking that the perception of color brightness was based on the highest color value (so, which RGB value is exciting our optic cones the most), and so blending red 255,0,0 and green 0,255,0 got a yellow 128,128,0 that appeared dull because its top end was only at 128, even if it had the same total # of photons (or so I thought). The more you know.

@ayior 7 лет назад

Thanks for the included Photoshop Tip to fix that!

@Kamari333 8 лет назад

I totally agree with that last statement

@royvivat113 8 лет назад

What an insightful comment!

@vertgrip 8 лет назад

+Roy Vivat comments don't need to provide insight

@juneguts 8 лет назад

What an insightful comment!

@johnalanelson 6 лет назад

Did you even understand that last statement?

@theJellyjoker 9 лет назад

The solution, don't use crappy tools.

@theotherguy181 9 лет назад

Jeffery Liggett or learn how to use non crappy tools

@mr2octavio 9 лет назад

Jason Crafts That's the correct way to define it.

@tubebrocoli 9 лет назад

***** imageMagick 8D

@CraftThatBlock 9 лет назад

***** MS Paint.

@krisu0100 9 лет назад

Jeffery Liggett Don't use Adobe software......LOL

@chcodog1357 6 лет назад

I didn't know how badly I wanted to know the reason behind ugly blurring.....Thank you!

@veizour 4 года назад

Wow, never knew. Good lesson!

@gnagyusa 8 лет назад

The proper thing to do, would be storing the exact response curves of the camera, with the image, so you can go back to "radiance-linear" (proportional to the number of photons that hit a sensor pixel) space, do blending etc., then re-apply the response.

@greenmumm 8 лет назад

Wouldn't that take up more space.

@gnagyusa 8 лет назад

greenmumm It would be insignificant, compared to the image content. We are talking a table of a few hundred bytes, vs. megabytes for the pixel data.

@greenmumm 8 лет назад

lnpilot Right but that's why they didn't do that at first right?

@gnagyusa 8 лет назад

greenmumm I guess, it's because you need relatively expensive equipment to acquire the camera's response curve, plus it takes some time. It would make sense for more professional cameras though... We have 3, $2000 high-end machine vision cameras for our robot project and they all have completely different responses (same sensor, same manufacturer!). So, I had to design / build a rig with a programmable, calibrated RGB light, to acquire the curves. It would be nice if the manufacturer did this and just stored the curves in the camera's firmware.

@greenmumm 8 лет назад

lnpilot Makes sense.

@smutnejajo5149 8 лет назад

Hmmm, now can you fix this in Inkscape?

@ZomB1986 6 лет назад

Yes., Go to the XML editor, find the filter definition (under ), find the style attribute and remove the 'color-interpolation-filters' property from it (or delete it whole if it's the only property.) Remember that Inkscape can only do what SVG can, and probably less. More info: www.w3.org/TR/SVG/filters.html#FilterPrimitivesOverviewIntro

@C_Corpze 3 года назад

Well this is useful info for when I make graphics and shaders in Blender and Unity.

@nitheeshchandra4462 6 лет назад

This is really helpful... Thank you :)

@darwinlp9860 8 лет назад

D: I had never considered there to be another possibility. Is there a good way to fix this in Photoshop? To be fair to us artists though, having it set this way probably makes it easier for us to transition from physical pigment mediums (paints, coloured pencils, anything of the sort) and better predict the results, since the mix of pigments produces darker, less saturated colours too. It's natural for us to understand the mixing of red and green (or any contrasting, complementary colours) as something that produces dark, desaturated brown. And the method you showed seems to have the problem of generating too much light between the colours, which could prove to be very tricky to deal with for, say, digital illustration. I'd have to test it myself.

@darwinlp9860 8 лет назад

Oh, sweet! I found the setting, and the gamma adjustment allows you to avoid the problem of too much brightness going on keeping the setting at ~1.5.

@harley1063 8 лет назад

Wait, where's the setting? D:

@darwinlp9860 8 лет назад

+Foxeste You can see it briefly in the video. In Photoshop, click Edit > Colour Adjustments. A window opens up and there should be an option to "blend RGB colours using gamma", with an unticked box and a field where you can enter a number between 1-2,20 (1=most gammafied, 2,2=normal). (I have it in Spanish, so the wording might not be exact.)

@JohnArktor 8 лет назад

Do you know the settings for this on gimp ? And btw, great video !

@arcy9289 6 лет назад

darn that explain why some drawing programs are better at blurring than others. didn't think of that

@VIIflegias 9 лет назад

yeah but.....will it blend? oh, yes. yes it does.

@zxcvbnm2992 9 лет назад

square rooting is a very expensive process for a computer and not worth doing in most cases

@zxcvbnm2992 9 лет назад

***** doing it in image processing software makes sense but when bluring for effect at runtime you have to do it per pixel so that can slow things down for no good reason

@unvergebeneid 9 лет назад

Ben A True, but then for real-time applications it might be ok to approximate. Say with a lookup table and some linear interpolation. And for image processing software there really is no excuse to not do this properly.

@capones77 9 лет назад

Penny Lane We do it correctly, search for "linear workflow". Every serious professional that works with images knows what gamma is and why it's important to always work in "linear". All professional software today allows you to work that way. :)

@unvergebeneid 9 лет назад

Jack Hudler You're too late ;)

@victornpb 9 лет назад

***** blur is pretty expensive effect by itself, which needs to be calculated every frame, to a 60Hz update you only have 16ms before every draw. for HD screens you have million pixels times 3. It is a trade off, you trade visual accuracy to efficiency. For OS animations it is ok to do it that way but for a editing program like photoshop it should be done in the correct way even if it takes more time to compute.

@rzeka 4 года назад

This is a really good video, I can't believe I've never seen it before

@sylv256 3 года назад

good to know this. next time i make image editing software, i'll make sure to remember this

@KevboKev 8 лет назад

+MinutePhysics videos are probably the only RU-vid videos that fuck with my sub, playing a bass line at a frequency it does not like! Grrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr

@theLuigiFan0007Productions 8 лет назад

That must be annoying, I completely know that feeling. Where something has an odd harmonic that creates a low growling or distorting sound. Wonder what it is. Our town's radio station has a imbalance of 15% on the stereo channels and that already drives me crazy. My right ear is happy, the left one is sad. XDDD Maybe I should email them, I noticed it isn't as bad on stereos as portable devices like phones and MP3 players. Perhaps nobody even knows it does that. Though I do find old analog broadcast hardware quite cool, they have quirks from time to time that's for sure. :D

@whatfireflies 7 лет назад

+theLuigiFan0007 have you tried listening to that station with different radio equipment and/or in different locations? Stereo FM transmission is not trivial. It starts by transmitting the sum L+R, to be compatible with non-stereo receivers, then computes the difference L−R, uses it to amplitude modulate a higher frequency signal, called a Subcarrier, then merges it back with the main signal. What I mean is that there may be some interference in your specific location and/or a fault in your own equipment that gives that imbalance. It may or may not be the station's fault. This is also one of the reasons most stereo equipment (used to?) have a Balance knob, to tweak the stereo balance manually.

@theLuigiFan0007Productions 7 лет назад

etatoby Yeah I know how stereo broadcast works to some extent, isn't the MPX subcarrier between 19kHz to 39kHz? Could be interference, as the roof is a steel roof, which is made of enameled steel plate. But, I don't think so as if I use a USB SDR stick or a car radio there's no imbalance. Both of those auto adjust stereo balance, as far as I know. Could just be older receivers don't like the signal output by the station. I tried it on a somewhat decent stereo a while back and it sounded fine as well. I think the problem is limited to cheap FM radios.

@walterbrokx8112 6 лет назад

Maybe you need to use advanced settings ;)

@Basedeath 8 лет назад

Well this answers why gradients with transparencies are so ugly in Illustrator.

@boriscat1999 6 лет назад

In display drivers development we end up converting to Linear RGB a lot through a de-gamma process to avoid a lot of the artifacts that occur when blending multiple layers. I wish I knew why a lot of software takes short cuts that look bad.

@ABEL-cd2sp 4 года назад

I never knew how badly I wanted to know about this information I’m glad I clicked. Thank you

@jknMEMES 6 лет назад

2:34 You missed the part where you draw red! xD

@Azurren 9 лет назад

Wouldn't this just create a new problem for any image *not* taken with a digital camera? Are do all current image containers utilize the same squaring algorithms? _Example, an image created solely in Photoshop_

@Sebastian-hg3xc 9 лет назад

It's not about whether you took the image with a digital camera. It's about the format you store it. Even when you create images in photoshop and then save them as JPG or whatever format Henry is talking about, they will be stored the same way as digital photos.

@DexLuther 9 лет назад

***** I would assume that formats that are considered less "lossy" and less compressed would avoid this or at least minimize the effects. Such as saving as PNG instead of JPG

@SerahAndTheGamerverse 9 лет назад

***** From a editing standpoint, you should always work with RAW image. The quantity of information it contain REALLY does make a difference. However, even when working with RAW, trying to blur something using RBG does gave you the same dark effect we try to avoid. The LAB color space, as far as I could say, is really the only thing that have a significant impact on this. After all, it doesn't mater how much data you have for an Image if, to begin with, the way the data is altered (editing) is wrong and this is exactly the problem we have here. The problem is not the data, it is the way your program (ex:Photoshop) modify the said data.

@rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr 9 лет назад

All images created for display in the web are created in the sRGB color space, and therefore follow the sRGB gamma curve (roughly a power of 2.2, not technically "squared"). This is so that they don't need modification in order to be displayed by web browsers. JPEG files are generally assumed to be in sRGB, and this is what the average image editor will assume as well. PNG files actually have a gamma and color profile setting so you can store it with any gamma curve you want, but many web browsers and image viewers still horribly suck at proper color management.

@kylebowles9820 4 года назад

Photographers that shoot in RAW keep the data linear so the default setting will work for them out of the box. Some image formats have flags to tell you what color space the data is in, they aren't used often enough. For games it's not easy to tell what gamma you should render to get it to show up accurately on the monitor. Image assets are usually saved in gamma space then blended linearly in the game engine, then converted to gamma space again, causing artifacts.

@daxliniere 5 лет назад

Hey mate, AWESOME video! I did notice there's a background hum throughout the video. You can hear it clearly @3:28 especially as it stops shortly after. Let me know if you need a hand fixing this. (Y)

@RedsBoneStuff 7 лет назад

Audible, the leading provider of RU-vid sponsorship!

@JacobKapitein 8 лет назад

Can someone give me a video on the internet that is not sponsored by audible?

@bibekgautam512 8 лет назад

+Jacob Kapitein That's not necessarily a bad thing.

@JacobKapitein 8 лет назад

Bibek Gautam true, But it's irritating me.

@bibekgautam512 8 лет назад

***** Get over it man. It's because of these sponsers that people like Henry can keep producing quality content and we get to watch them for free. I mean, we have so good a means to knowledge and information today like no man in the history ever had. It's amazing when you think about it.

@JacobKapitein 8 лет назад

+Bibek Gautam that's not my point. It's just irritating. I don't watch a lot RU-vid, but when I do, Audible is always the sponsor.

@bibekgautam512 8 лет назад

I get it. and you need to work on that.

@alcarnarmo09 6 лет назад

Holy cow! You guys rock!

@BlujayGFX 6 лет назад

Im a graphic designer with a great interest in pixel art (as you can see from my profile picture). When I first began making pixel art, I was frustrated at how difficult it was to transition a darker color with a different lighter color. I would try to make the gradient logically by making each pixel the same % difference in brightness but the lighter part of the gradient was always almost unnoticable yet there would be a sudden dark line where you could see the difference even from far away. It took me many tries to realize that to make pixel art shading correctly, I would need to make changes in darker areas with extreme precision. Thank you for making this video because I always wondered why I would need to do this.

@SasLuca 8 лет назад

+MinutePhysics, I could be wrong, but assuming a screen is Full HD (1080x1920) pixels, that is about 2 million pixels, having to do 2 more sqrt() method calls for each individual pixel would result in +4 million method calls each time you want to generate an image to be rendered on screen. Are you sure it is a problem of them being lazy and not a problem of "it's less expensive in terms of performance to not do the +4 million sqrt() method calls each time we render", especially on mobile devices? I see a lot of people in the comment section bashing programmers, but from what I know Gaussian blur is already pretty expensive so having to do an additional 4 million method calls seems like it could downgrade performance.

@Alex-gk8ik 8 лет назад

+Sas Luca Well, I we can collapse all the results into a 256x256 table and simply access them in negligible time to boost this process instead of calling sqrt() or ^2 over and over again. So, performance might not be that much of a big deal. But the part that I agree with you is that we are not LAZY!! I've taken Image Processing classes in school, and simply nobody tell us or put emphasis on the fact that the cameras do that square root thing! Thanks to this video or I'll never think of that. However, what if other cameras decided that it's better to take logarithm or other funny functions before storing it. I mean this whole process is on the lower level and most of programmers are behind the knowledge of that. And I also agree in some way with these guys talking about color spaces. The whole issue here is that we assume colors are supposed to be manipulated in a linear sense, which more of us are actually ignorant of what beast we are dealing with.

@SasLuca 8 лет назад

Paul-Felix Hofmann sorry to inform you but I did a test on Android, a Nexus 6 to be specific. Calling Math.sqrt() in Java does not hinder the performance that much on desktop but on Android it really affects it, and I don't think it would be much better on iOS. Calling sqrt() 4 million times drops the performance on a Nexus 6 to 1fps. Also, a GPU does not makes calculations related to game logic, but rather it holds the textures in memory and does things like calculate shaders. In a game when a charachter moves, it moves because of the game logic (CPU calculated), but when you create a texture or apply a blur to a sprite, that is mostly done on the GPU. Im curious if +Alex Yang's solution would work better. As they say in the video, on PC in special programs like PS you can opt to see how the colors are actually rendered, a PC can handle that. The problem described in the video occurs mostly when blurs are made (like the example of blurs in iOS 7). Gaussian blurs are already hard to make on mobile since they are very expensive in terms of performance and sometimes rely on hacks. Im actually studying about them right now and even in specific tutorials it tells you that you have to use other methods to get them to work on mobile since such a heavy shader can not be handled by the GPU on a phone, even the most high-end one, at least ot my knowledge. So again, I mostly think the fact we don't see accurate colors in blurs is because of performance concerns, not because engineers are lazy.

@SasLuca 8 лет назад

+Paul-Felix Hofmann I guess C++ can make the process faster. I was also thinking about objective C on this matter since is also more efficient than Java, like C++ is. If you have more experience on the issue, why do you think the colors are displayed this way on devices? I thought it was performance, can you think of another reason?

@m8onethousand 8 лет назад

+Sas Luca The problem really isn't on the language itself, but on how sqrt is done in most programming languages due to the way computers are designed. If you look at serious game engines with high use of sqrt, you see they have their own very specialized designs of sqrt. Heck, just to name an example; Quake (a kind of "old" [by today's standards] fps) itself is incredibly famous for their inverse sqrt function, referred to as "fast inverse square root" (google it, it's actually quite famous), which uses a magic number and some grains of wizardry. But yeah, if you're into serious performance programming, you'd go with C++/C and ASM since it gives you much more power over how your program is executed. And to be fair, the built in sqrt function in all programming languages isn't going to suffice the more specialised needs like graphics or simulations.

@jcm2606 8 лет назад

+Alex Yang So you're basically suggestion writing the sqrt() values to a downscaled buffer, so instead of 1920x1080 it's instead 480x270 (1920x1080 / 4)? The only problem with that is the difference between 1920x1080 and 480x270, you'd need to upscale the lower resolution to match the higher resolution which would mean that the image would be represented by huge blocks, similar to JPEG compression without the random colour offsets JPEG compression uses to break up the artifacts. Welcome to the world of downscaling. Representing a high-resolution image in a low-resolution buffer.

@Simawwn 8 лет назад

This is what a linear workflow does

@bkboggy 6 лет назад

Simply wow. This is so cool.

@neopalm2050 3 года назад

I missed the footnote about it actually being a power of 1.8-2.2 rather than just always 2 the first time. Discovering the actual, rather strange at first glance, gamma correction used most often was somewhat unexpected. I think png files use a function that doesn't look like x^2, but rather a small linear part at the start then x^2.2, often approximated as just x^2.1 or something along those lines.

@PwnySlaystation01 9 лет назад

The computer probably doesn't know if you're dealing with a photograph or regular image. I don't know, but I assume many, if not most image files out there are not photographs.

@unvergebeneid 9 лет назад

***** Doesn't matter.

@inkajoo 9 лет назад

it doesn't matter. even if you paint on an image directly, you're still using pre-square-rooted color values.

@inkajoo 9 лет назад

i mean in multiple demonstrations shown in the video, the blurred example images were not photographs.

@capones77 9 лет назад

Roger Levy It's the monitor that is displaying it "wrong". The math is correct.

@inkajoo 9 лет назад

starship77 did you watch the video? he just finished explaining that the math of most blending operations is wrong because it doesn't take into account the logarithmic scale.