Diazotization Mechanism - Sandmeyer Reaction With Arenediazonium Salts - Diazo Coupling 

This organic chemistry video tutorial provides the mechanism of the diazotization reaction of an amine group into an arenediazonium salt using aniline as an example and NaNO2 with HCl to produce HNO2 or HONO Nitrous Acid. It discusses the intermediates of the reaction such as the nitrosonium ion NO+and N - nitrosoamine It also provides the mechanism of the reduction of a nitro group into an amine using Iron Fe metal and hydrochloric acid HCl converting nitrobenzene into aniline. In addition, it provides the nitration of benzene reaction mechanism using HNO3 and H2SO4 generating the nitronium ion NO2+. It also provides the mechanism of the sandmeyer reaction converting the arenediazonium salt into a benzene nitrile molecule using a cuprous salt like CuCN by means of a benzene radical and a phenyl cation. Finally, this video provides the diazo coupling reaction mechanism using phenol.