Extended Footage- Tongas Jan15th Volcanic Eruption Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai as seen from the ground 

This was a really great, and insightful video into the eruption. I did see some things that I thought were fascinating, that were mostly related to weather phenomenon: 1. It is amazing to see a natural example of the process that typically forms the "Wilson Cloud," which is a type of cloud that commonly forms around large/nuclear explosions, that is typically short-lived in nature, but is caused by similar processes as seen here. It is interesting seeing the fluctuations of the clouds as they drift past, and the lowering/growth, followed by shrinking and raising of he cloud. This can be explained by the the rapid pressure spikes and drops as you showed in your video, with the clouds growing and lowering in response to the sudden drop in air pressure and slight cooling in the atmosphere, which then causes rapid condensation, before another wave passes with higher air pressure/temperature that causes the cloud to again shrink, from increased evaporation. Very interesting stuff. 2. As you can see by the satellite image at 1:19, and the view of the leading edge of the eruption column at 12:43, you many note how the cloud has a very whitish hue for being an ash cloud. This is due to the immense amounts of steam and moisture from the seawater rapidly condensing in the atmosphere, with more ash mixed in the plume further inside. But, because of the immense amount of lighting strikes recorded from the eruption and the more cloud-like appearance of the plume, it is safe to say that this was a clear case of Cumulonimbus flammagenitus, or Pyrocumulonimbus for short. It is mostly observed with massive wildfires, however on occasion, if enough moisture is present from the eruption, whether it be in the atmosphere, ice, or in this case seawater, it will flash to steam and then condense rapidly higher up. At 12:43 I will also note that the edge of the eruption column looks very similar to the edge of a typical anvil of a thunderstorm, however, this eruption cloud reached far higher than even the tallest "normal" thunderstorms grow to. 4. At 16:34, you mention how the local clouds have began to dissipate as ash is about to fall, and that the wind is increasing. I am guessing that the clouds disappearing is due to the downdrafts of ash causing subsidence in the local atmosphere, making it harder for vertical development. the wind increase that also blew ash towards the window is most likely due to a similar result. 5. In your last video, and this one, you have shown how the local clouds changed direction in a sense and began to move towards the direction of the eruption, before later switching back to normal closer to time of ashfall. This phenomenon is most likely the result of air being rapidly pulled towards the volcano due to the speed at which the eruption occurred, basically the air is rushing in to fill up all the space created. It is hard to explain, but basically the explosion was so powerful, that the rapid uplift of the plume and heat, basically creates a large suction, which then causes the air to be pulled in that direction, so at your location, it was further away so it was expressed as a change in cloud direction and slight increase of wind. A similar phenomenon was observed during the Mount Saint Helens eruption in 1980, such as that from the survivor Dave Crockett, who mentioned in an interview how "the wind was being sucked up towards the blast." In all, there were plenty of interesting aspects about this eruption, and this is probably some of the best footage we have out there in terms of how close and how direct you were affected by this eruption, which makes this video a very interesting piece. Thank you for documenting this, and I hope you and everyone in Tonga and surrounding areas is doing alright.

WOW the clouds changing as we watch over just a few seconds, is FASCINATING!

🌋I was sick of seeing only the eruption,space view or a model of the eruption. I am very grateful to see the less eye pleasing parts. Thank you very much 🙏

Now I know what it must have been like hearing those loud booms during the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa.

Thanks for the extended video. This probably represents the most comprehensive first hand report available of the eruption. I’m living 17000km away from you in central Europe, but even my barograph showed two passages of the main pressure wave. One that traveled 17000km directly from the eruption centre and six hours later even one that traveled the other way around for 23000km. Of course, here the pressure change was far smaller, just a bit more than 1hPa, but it’s still so impressive to witness the immediate effects of this huge eruption essentially on the opposite side of the world.

Thank you for having the foresight to make the recordings, and for taking the time to put this data together. School teaching here in Barbados - will be sharing with students.

It's weird how the majority of the pressure waves are at an extremely low frequency, and thus not audible. The wavelength must be massive. The audible noises are of a much smaller amplitude, but also a much higher frequency / shorter wavelength. I'm not sure the waves are being created by the same process. I'm thinking the loud audible shocks might be due to the disturbance of the sea surface, like a magnified "plop" of a rock falling into the water, but in reverse (the material is coming out of the water rather than falling into it). These audible shocks are a much higher frequency than the much larger pressure waves being generated at the same time. The long atmospheric pressure waves seem to be created not by either the water surface disturbance or exploding rock, but by the sudden displacement of air around the rapidly swelling plume of steam and ash. The steam/ash plume may be initially expanding at a rate such that the movement of individual parcels is near supersonic. Yet, this steam explosion is so massive in scale that the wavelengths of the generated pressure waves are much too long to be detected as sound by the human ear. They instead cause ear discomfort from pressure swells with frequencies of tens of seconds up to a minute or two.

Well done documenting this. It’s the small details that matter and paint the picture. I was sitting on the airport apron at Wellington listening to ATC, an airplane on the approach and watching our altimeter move up and down as the pressure waves went through. It had everyone wondering what was going on. There was the nagging thought of the potential tsunami too, and how soon and how bad it might be.

Thanks for this amazing first hand account. I heard those explosions from my place 2000 km away in Waipara NZ at the time I had no idea what was happening. It sounded like blasting from a quarry to our north east. The Barometric measurements were extremely interesting as were the photos of the cloud movements.

Terrifying but rare event. This was the largest volcanic explosion in I think at least a decade, and geologists now think it might be the largest steam explosion of this kind possible - a deeper volcano’s explosion would be tamped down by all the water above it, while a more shallow eruption wouldn’t have as much water available to it to flash to steam.

Thank God you don't have any ads running at the moment whole watching this video 😅

Thank you so much for this!! It is incredibly helpful for reference points!

Please send the video to universities for study, this video may be more significant than any video of volcanism yet, there is so much data to go through especially with the added barometer association to the listed timeline. We haven't had an eruption on earth like this so heavily recorded, and your proximity to the eruption makes things even more fascinating

This was an excellent documentation. Thank you. I hope everyone is doing well over there.

You are similar to me during adverse events such as this. Focusing on and keeping calm through data details, documenting, and photographing/filming. I do the exact same with weather phenomenon where I am in Canada (the bad ice storm we had a few years ago was fascinating, with power flashes as the ice accretion on tree branches snapped them and hit the lines, and only light tinkling sounds being heard due to the density of the air’s moisture).

Fascinating footage. Your incredibly lucky to be able to witness something like this, and also unfortunate to have to go through the fallout.

Thank You! Excellent historical record. You did science and humanity a service that day. Hope you are well. Best Regards and Best Wishes for 2023!

Incredible footage! Congrats! I'm you're 828th Subscriber!

Youre doing valuable work, much respect! Reseachers will benefit and be thankfull for it. Best whishes from Germany to you!

Learned much thanks to you putting this together. Near and after the end I couldn’t stop trying to clear my ears. 😅

Thankyou for sharing. Happy you and our friends got through that. Arohanui.

Thanks. That was a day to remember.

Just found this , Incredible Footage and you are so lucky to be able to capture this historic event but also awely terrifying and fascinating

Thanks for the extended version. Glad your internet/sea cable is working, hopefully electricity and water supplies okay. Be well and safe.

very insightful video, thank you for uploading this!

This was incredible! I am glad you had the presence of mind to record/document it while it was happening! Who knows, you can be the next Plenian!

Very cool. Thx for documenting this very rare event.

Thanks for this fantastic video.

Thanks @molisidelmar for responding to the requests in the previous video, for taking the time to put this extended footage together, for adding the time stamps, and the extra comments. As I expressed in your previous video, this footage contains crucial scientific information that I, and probably many others, appreciate to have available. I will not use the footage directly but I would extract information from it: time and pressure values, to be precise. Do I have you permission to use these values in my scientific publication? If so, I will be delighted to explicitly indicate that these values were obtained thanks to this and the previous video, include a link to the videos, and include your name (Molisi Delmar) in the acknowledgements of the scientific publication and any presentation derived from it. Thanks again and take care.

This is absolutely fascinating - thank you for your amazing documentation! I’ve just come across this, almost two years later, and am sorry I wasn’t dialed in when it occurred.

Wonderful documentation Thank You.

Great footage @Molisi Delmar. I'm wondering when you think the eruption started on 15 January? The data I've seen suggests around 5:02 pm, but increasing around 5:08 pm and then the main explosions and earthquakes between about 5:15 and 5:20 pm. Since you are 73 km away, the pressure changes and sound waves should reach you about 4 minutes later. Maybe a bit faster for shockwaves. So I would have expected the biggest blasts you heard to be around 5:18-5:19 locally. But it seems from your other footage, it may have been closer to 5:21-5:22, which is somewhat baffling.

I've experienced a volcanic eruption before and it's freaking horrifying. I remember how fast the sky changes its color from clear to yellowish brown to very dark as night then ash starts to fell and it got a weird smell i don't know how to describe. Its was the taal eruption of 2020 and its pretty strong. I also heard rumbling and the sky flashing almost non stop at one point from the volcanic lightning.

Amazing work,big thanks from Germany

A very calm report, given that he doesn't know if it's over, stays the same, or gets much, much worse.

Thanks for sharing this.

Kudos for not totally freaking out...

Brilliant record. Thanks.

Very good documentation!

I don't remember hearing much on the news in the way of injuries or fatalities... so under the assumption that there really were none serious enough to report, and after watching your recording, it's as fascinating to watch as it is a blessing that you and all the other residents were able to walk away from that day and share your experiences with the rest of the world. Kudos my dude!

Totally forgot about this.. was so invested into it when it happened. Hoping recovery and cleanup is going well

This is crazy…best footage I ever seen.

very valuable video data

Absolutely amazing firsthand account. Truly a great piece for science and human history

Those pressure excursions were wild!

wow, well done mate

I really like that you thought to show the barometric pressure, that was awesome. I'm guessing your microphone or my headphones just don't capture how loud the audible parts were. I'm in the Southeast US and heard some of the explosions. It wasn't loud enough to make me jump or anything but it was unusual enough to make me take notice. I didn't find out about the eruption until several hours later. Were there any injuries?

Barometric pressure tells you the explosion is coming that was cool.

I believe the pressure waves that passed seemingly without sound, still produced sound. It was probably not at a frequency that we can hear, but he could probably feel it. Scary video. That could have turned into feet of pumice coming down.

The explosion around 8 minutes is unbelievable for the distance.

what an amazing perspective. what time was the main blast?

What an amazing video

It's such a shame there are no live videos from the immediate eruption... that would be a sight .. it must have been an incredible explosion. But this is a good video.

This would've been terrifying to witness.

So at times like 6:24 in the video when you can feel pressure waves and see effect on clouds, are these waves subsonic? Like in single Hz range? Because they're not always followed up by audible explosions.

I LOVE THE BATS!!!

I really never thought of a volcano changing a barometer so much. Makes sense just never ever heard anyone speak on it.

The clouds even started going in the opposite direction

is that a condensation caused by pressure waves at 5:32? holy f in just 5 secs

13:33 is that in psi or what? And can you give me the full name along with any other acronym and the meaning?

To bad this wasn't filmed outside. That being said, this is reaally awesome

That must have been creepy af.

Was there any warning the volcano was going to blow , like the day or days before it did?

Interesting to watch how the screen in front of the camera vibrates 2:40 from the pressure waves

Is that lightning flashes off In the distance When you zoom in at 3:37?

Would you be will to gather and sell some pebbles and ash that fell that day ? I would be interested. Thank you.

Your window is face HTHH from where roughly??

Thank you! im amazed! and amazed that not more people have seen this

I was outside in Bethel, Alaska USA when I heard a distinct loud bang. While watching the news next day I found it was the volcano I heard.

Any thoughts on the weird bird behavior?

This eruption was so powerful it created a new word: "observerbal".

that is scary. You held your composure pretty good. Its really to bad, that is an island paradise. How bad did it get destroyed??

Saw any lightning?

I wish the camera was on the other side of that tree line!

I have a quite professional Waetherstation in Germany and Ukraine. I could record the pressure wave very good for even three times. Very interessting, how much energy has been released there.

The ash cloud is so huge you almost can't even observe it from the ground. It just covers the entire sky and gives no sense of scale.

"... Multiple Data Point's" Just curious as to why we see so many plural words becoming possessive. For some reason everybody wants to add an apostrophe before every word ending in "s". I only want to know why this is happening. Anyone have any clue's?

Check out the solar activity GOES and so forth just before and on this day?

The volcano eruptions started around December 15 or the 21st, 2021 and were almost daily until January 11th, when the country foolishly thought the eruptions were all over. Apparently it was the calm before the storm! Wait...where are all the lightening strikes???

Knowing what happened in Pompeii and yet people just sit around listening. If it happens again like it did back then don’t act surprised.

You caught a UFO starting at 3:22 an object appears out of nowhere floats there for awhile and zips off at 3:36. Pretty cool.

*a mass awakening plays*

When I saw first video, I legit thought the camera glitching. Like some sort of game glitching bug. *Boy, I feel so wrong*

Why you dont Take More Time on other Window? It was must better to saw the Sky and changes....

I'd be scared of those booms.

There are several island volcanos and submarine volcanos closer to New Zealand that can erupt in the same way, great Plinian/Mega-Surtseyan type eruptions like this. Examples are Raoul island and MacCaulay island in the Kermadecs.

that is what possibly happens when a VEI 6 volcanic explosion happens in a few hours. i have never known that a volcanic eruptions can cause pressure waves!

You can hear the same shock waves that other people have posted too

You need car alarms in Tonga? WOW

I would have been super worried about a tsunami.

Did you notice that small dot in the top center in the clouds it's not a bird because for the most part it doesn't move. But the clouds pass right through it...

I have missing friends from Tonga. One's name is Ikavuka Toutaiolepo. If ANYONE can help me ask for a list of the missing or dead...please let me know. I can get by with translating some Tonga stuff to Hawaiian...but only out of luck...I don't speakTongan.

Why are there no car alarms in Tonga?

2:40

You'd think they'd be tryin to get the hell outta Dodge instead of taking pictures! I know I'd be planning my move da hell away from there!!!

The dogs are barking, roosters crowing....

The rumbling was most likely thunder from all the lightning in the cloud. The lightning doesn't show on the video because of the light-absorbing property of the ash, and time lapse won't catch lightning images.

Pont is too small.

nuke accident or eruption hummmmm

That was Gods right foot. Waiting on his left foot to touch land. Revelation 10