Film Theory: Fullmetal Alchemist's FATAL Miscalculation 

So... who is gonna tell Edward that his calculations have... come up short?

Ed’s calculations were closer to what science knew in the early 1900s

1:51 MatPat predicted Style Theory before he even made Food Theory.

1:51 he was truly ahead of his time, also DO THE THEORY MATPAT, YOU HAVE A STYLE THEORY CHANNEL NOW

Matpat in 2016: and in all honesty, its a series Im gonna want to visit a few more times FMA fandom in 2019: are we a joke to you?

Fullmetal alchemist; the only show where a housewife is 100x scarier than a sniper.

10:08 Pretty sure he did the molar maths wrong. If you have 1942.3 moles of water, that's made of 1942.3 moles of oxygen and twice as many moles of hydrogen, cos it's H2O. But he's using the weight percentages there, which is wrong. If he'd said oxygen is 89% of the weight of water, then applied that to the 35 litres (or kg) he'd get the correct answer. EDIT: It took us less than an hour and one page in our notebook to do all the correct maths btw, including googling all the weights etc. Moles are hard to understand, but the maths is simple if you're doing it right. Edward is still wrong, but so is MatPat. The biggest discrepancies between Ed and wiki, using a human of 74.3215kg (total mass of Ed's formula): Potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulphur are all severely less than needed Ed has 6kg of calcium from the lime(stone) when wiki says only 1.115kg is needed Hydrogen is 4.391kg not 7.06kg as needed

MatPat~ I find your Film Theories very entertaining. I recently watched the one you made about Full Metal Alchemist, which is my favorite Anime series. However, I am also a High School Chemistry Teacher. So, I feel the need to point out a number of errors, which may undermine (or underplay) the premise of the video. The title of the Video is “Fullmetal Alchemist's FATAL Miscalculation”. I understand that this video is several years old. However, since you have not revised these errors yet, I feel the need to write you. When I first saw the particular Episode of FMA your Theory is based on years ago, I made a quick calculation to see if his numbers added up to the mass of a person. I found the notes I made back then and it suggests the total mass of those ingredients would add up to 60.67 kg. That person would weigh 134 lbs, which seemed pretty reasonable. [I won’t get into the whole difference between Weight and Mass.] When I was watching your video, I could tell that there might be problems, when you refer to Salt as a “Molecule”. It is not a molecule, rather it is an Ionic Compound. This misconception is so common though, that I have even seen it on educational programs like Brain Pop. This would not have mattered too much toward your conclusion, since it is only semantics, but is shows that your Chemistry might be a little oxidized [rusty]. Later in the video you manage to avoid this issue by referring to chemicals by the more broadly encompassing term “Compounds”, which is just fine. Now it pains me to say this… but Moles was not the way to go with your calculations. Moles is indeed at the heart of many Chemistry calculations. But in this case, most of the items were already given in mass. Converting between different mass units does not require moles. The only two chemicals, that were not given in mass [Water & Ammonia], can be converted most easily to mass using their Densities. 35 L of Water x 1,000g/L= 35,000 g of Water 4 L of Ammonia x 730g/L= 2,920 g of Ammonia After that, the best way to break down the compounds would be using Percent Composition, which is also based on mass. For example in Saltpeter, Potassium makes up 38.7% of the mass, Nitrogen makes up 13.9% and Oxygen makes up 47.5%. So, you just multiply those by the mass of Saltpeter to get the masses of each element: K is 38.67g , N is 13.86g and O is 47.47g. After going through the compounds in this way and then adding up the elements that repeat, like Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen, I get the following masses: O: 31,558.9g C: 20,000.0g H: 4,434.9g N: 2,415.5g Ca: 1,072.0g P : 800.0g Cl: 151.7g Na: 98.4g S : 80.0g K: 38.7g F : 7.5g Fe: 5.0g Si : 3.0g + Trace Total: 60,665.6g Note: It is not clear if the FMA list is referring to “Quick Lime” or “Slacked Lime”. Since the Water is listed separately and the other ingredients are “dry”, I used Quick lime in my Calculations. The next issue is that the governmental data you compared this to adds up to a different "sized" person. The “Real” data add up to over 70,000 grams that is almost 16% more, therefore a larger [more massive] person. This person would weigh around 155 pounds. So, to truly compare them you need to adjust the numbers accordingly. You could either adjust the numbers from the show or the government data. I will adjust the numbers from the show. O: 36,456.1 g C: 23,103.5g H: 5,123.1g N: 2,790.3g Ca: 1,238.0g P : 924.1g Cl: 175.2g Na: 113.7g S : 92.4g K: 44.7g F : 8.7g Fe: 5.8g Si : 3.5g + Trace Total: 70,049.1g This does not at all destroy your theory that they got their amounts wrong in their transmutation. When compared to the Government’s Data, some elements match up a little better, like Oxygen and Hydrogen. Some are even farther off, like Carbon, Nitrogen, Calcium and Phosphorus. But at least now it is a fair comparison. I would recommend re-editing your video with these corrections, or posting an additional one addressing this. Keep making your entertaining videos and you can always ask me questions about chemistry. ~Bryce Pemble

10:12 WOAH WOAH WOAH! Mat I love ya' but i gotta stop you there, that's not how chemistry works. 1942,3 moles of H2O, yes we're on point so far but what you do next is completely wrong! 1 mole of H20 has 2 moles of (or 1 of H2) and 1 mole of O. So 1942,3 moles of H2O is 3884.6 moles of Hydrogen atoms and 1942,3 moles of Oxygen atoms. Think back to the hamburger example. If 2/3 are bread and 1/3 is meat then you would need 2 pieces of bread and 1 piece of meat to get 1 hamburger. You can't take 500 patties and 2000 pieces of bread and get 2500 hamburgers, you need all parts of the sum. What you're presenting here wouldn't come close to reality: If you have 213,65 moles of Hydrogen and 1728,63 moles of Oxygen then you wouldn't get 1942,3 moles of water. First of all you need 2 hydrogen atomes for the water so there would be 106.825 moles of H2. That's how many moles will react with Oxygen to form water, the rest of the 1833,475 moles of Oxygen would either react with itself or something else because there isn't any Hydrogen left to react with. This equation would form 106,825 moles of Water which is (106,825 moles * 18,02 grams per mole) 1924,9865 grams of water, WAY off your initial 35000 grams of water at 9:30. Mat please don't take offence to this, I love your videos sooo much. They're so insightful and scientifically interesting. But they touch on so many different topics and aspects of science that it would be ridiculous to think you would get it right everytime. I mean this is stuff you wouldn't have done for a long time, unless you're a chemist there is almost no practical reason to remember this. But we can't spread misinformation like this, this needs to continue to be a place of real science. Where gaming geeks and science nerds meet and enrich each other's understanding and appreciation for this world around us. I don't expect you to go through the trouble of doing this video all over again but please adress this mishap. Love you Matty (meat) Patty xoxo. Theorists please like this so he sees it! :3 (EDIT) Vigneshsella also pointed out that at 9:30 it should be 1 mole/18,02 g not the other way around. Just a minor detail, still love you Matty

The idea that 45% of people might prefer sword art over fullmetal is disturbing.

"are their really that many cloths to launder!?" Yes actually. She has two small boys. She's probably not half done laundering

Oh come on man, Hohenheim was a bit too irresponsible leaving human transmutation books around, but you can see he actually loved his kids. He left to find a way to get rid of his immortality so he could live the rest of his life with them. When he heard about fathers plans he did everything in his power to stop it.

Matt seems like the kind of person who'd enjoy Stein's Gate

Biology: The only subject where multiplying and dividing mean the same thing.

3:22 in Full Metal Alchemist Brotherhood Their mother died of A plague that broke out in the country

1:40 foreshadowing 7 years in the making

But Matt pat, Edward didn't have google back then.

You know... I came here to escape my chemistry test study... but...

The funny thing is that he concentrated on the original anime which is non canon after like ep 12. In FMAB its mentioned that it is IMPOSSIBLE to transmute a dead person. They werent missing stuff but they were doing something impossible

Bro leaked style theory 6 years before he made it

Old theory but Matt forgot something very important. Would the elements in Al's body and Ed's leg have made up the difference?

At around 10 minutes, you talk about going from moles of water (number of water molecules) to moles of hydrogen/oxygen. The way to do this is to just use the chemical formula for water directly, not involve the molar masses of the individual atoms. So, for 1942.3 moles of water, we will actually have 1942.3 moles of Oxygen and 3884.6 moles of hydrogen. We then can use the atomic mass of these values (~1 for hydrogen and ~16 for oxygen) to convert back to mass of the respective elements. In this case, we end up with roughly 3.9 kg of hydrogen and 31 kg of oxygen. Water is about 89% oxygen by mass, but this doesn't mean that 89% of the atoms in it are oxygen. Water is (aside from any impurities) always 1/3 oxygen and 2/3 hydrogen by numbers of atoms.

Guys, now that MatPat is on the last quadrant of his little Simon game, we know that the fourth and final theory channel will be fashion theory.

Me"oh Winry is only 15" Also me goes onto google"How to wipe all information of a computer"

My chemistry exam is next week I should be studying, but this is close enough

I goddamn love Fullmetal Alchemist

Whos here in 2024

1:50 The style theory foreshadowing is crazy

4:16 I think you made an error, MatPat. Ed's too damn tall.

man that suit of armor must cost an arm and a leg...

The 5 triangles in a star represents the 5 elements of life. Air, earth, fire, water and spirit. They don't have the spirit element. They don't have a soul too that is why Alfonse's soul was taken. Maybe that is why their human transmutation failed. They failed to obey the law of alchemy, the equivalent exchange.

Bruh I almost had a heart attack when I saw what you did at like 10:05 , chemistry doesn’t work that way mat 😂

Thumbs up if you want to see Mat doing a video about how hard Saitama (One-Punch man) hits.

Me: highschool chemistry and maths is useless in the real world Mat pat:

I just finished FMA and this pops us in my recommend. Coincidence? I think not

I tried to make my phone password "edward elric". It said It was too short 😂😂😂.

Fullmetal alchemist was so popular they made weight into a real thing

I'm a simple human: I see FMA, I click.

1:52 6 years later style theory was born.

The fact that matpat made style Theory means either he was planning this 6 years ago or it was just a one-off joke or both

Mat, your calculation is about as wrong as can be. 1942,3 moles of water means there are 1942,3 x 6,02 x 10^23 Watermolecules. Each one is 1 Oxygen and 2 Hydrogen, meaning you have 1942,3 moles of Oxygen and 2 x 1942,3 moles of Hydrogen.

There should be another FMA theory. What about one explaining the Homunculi's abilities? Like how Greed hardens the carbon in his body to create his ultimate shield, or Envy's shapeshifting. I'd love to see MatPat do a theory like that

Ed seeing this video: Al were going to the other side of the gate and we're bringing mom back again

Matpat teased Style Theory 6 years before its release at 1:50

Does this mean we'll figure out how One Punch Man is able to do everything he does now?

I absolutely loved Fullmetal Alchemist Brotherhood. The last episode reduced me to tears.

Really today our teacher taught about moles and it went over my head. I even discussed it with my tutor, No Luck. But then I took a break and was thinking about the anime I will watch this weekend. And I wanted to know the difference between FMA and FMA brotherhood. Then I saw this video and now I understand the mole concept.

11:30 is it sad that when I saw FMA I instantly thought of force= mass x exceleration MatPat is rubbing off on me

Maybe they didn't want to check their work because their stupid math teacher always made them DO THE WORK.

"To a main character with an irrational fear of milk" Oh hi, Brendon.

This video is awesome! I use it in my intro level chemistry course as a bonus question. After just 2 months of intro level chemistry, students are able to find several really bad errors. I have them find errors and correct them. Math students can do this as well because this guy is terrible at both: basic algebra and basic chemistry. This made a cool assignment. Thank you!

that was the smoothest explanation for stoichiometry i ever seen... and i really liked doing stoichiometry in high school... you got the final part where you divided the atoms wrong, but everything before that was SMOTHH

''Worst mothers day ever'' I know that feeling. Its kind of...DOG-dgy

That means that if they did the math right, they would have their mother's body without a soul.

This was uploaded 5 years ago... yet it helped me study my chemistry final I have later today, FMA was one of the first Animes I watched

you when u realize that he announced style theory in this ep at 1:50

9:04 molar mass is the number of grams per mole of an element/compound, not the number of moles per gram. 9:31 you say "1 mole over 18.02 grams of water", which is correct, but the visual is 18.02gH20/1 mole 10:12 your percents are the percents by mass of which water is composed, which would have worked hat you multiplied by the 35000g water, i.e. 11%H x 35000g water = 3900g H, yet you multiplied by the number of moles of water. 1942.3 mol H20 is 1942.3 mol O + 2 x 1942.3 = 3884.6 mol H The results I got from running the calculations are as follows: 35L water (H20)= 35 kg water = 3917gH + 31083gO 4 L ammonia (NH3)=2.73 kg = 485gH + 2245gN 1.5 kg Lime (CaO) = 1072g Ca + 428g O 250g salt (NaCl) = 98g Na + 152 g Cl 100g saltpeter (KNO3) = 39gK + 14gN + 47gO Adding in the pure elements we get: 31558g O 20000g C 4402g H 2259g N 1072g Ca 800g P 152g Cl 98g Na 80g S 39g K 7.5g F 5g Fe 3g Si meaning our percentages by mass are: 52.18% O 33.07% C 7.279% H 3.735% N 1.773% Ca 1.323% P .2513% Cl .1620% Na .1323% S .06449% K .01240% F .008268% Fe .004961% Si aaaand I just realized you kept it in grams for the video. doin' stuff that I don't need to. way to go me. Wait but you got the masses of some of them (K, Na, Cl) right, while others were still different from mine? now you're making me think I did something wrong. I give up. Jeez this is a long comment.

Mat Pat is a homunculus But hey that's just a theory A real theory

1:53 the time has come to when we look back and see he has planned this for years

This hinted style theory 1:44 Also... Alphonse style theory pls?

10:07 Nooooooooo! Thats so wrong!!!!!!! To get the moles of hydrogen atoms he should have multiplied the moles of water by 2 not .11 because each water molecule has 2 atoms of hydrogen. Doesn't make a lot of difference to his conclusion but still... Gah! Other than that, loved the video.

"The show would have you believe that the human soul is priceless and nothing equates to it. I would tell you that that is crap." - Matpat, 2016

Yo it’s the first appearance of style theory. At 1:52 it’s been in front of us all this time

Style theory hint 6 years ago at 1:50

I think that a Black Butler, Soul Eater, Death Note, or Hetalia (wow, those categories made a jump-from dark, serious shows about grim reapers and demons and ridding the world of evil to countries running around yelling in funny accents) theory should be made.

"We will have to MULTIPLY and DIVIDE"

1:53 he leaked his own newest channel 7 years ago 😮

The Hamster eating a carrot was adorable, thank you matpat I appreciate it.

Look, I like this channel, but I REALLY don't like it when people get calculations wrong, and he REALLY screwed up his calculations: 10:00 This was the HUGE one, he knew the mass fraction of each element in H2O and used it as some sort of molar fraction per mole of H2O for each element, this is incredibly wrong, it's like saying that the patty in a hamburger accounts for 20% of a hamburger's mass and then calculating that in 1000 hamburgers there must be just 200 patties. For each molecule of H2O there's obviously 2 atoms of H and one of O. In 1942.3 moles of water you have 1942.3 atoms of O (about 31076.8 grams) and 3884.6 moles of H (about 3884.6 grams). And he said he used the same calculations for all elements, oh, man. Bonus rambling: I mean, did he even check if the masses added up? He said there were 35000 grams of water, 213.65 moles of H and 1728.63 moles of O. 1 Mole of H is roughly 1 gram, 1 mole of O 16 grams. So in 35000 grams of H2O there are (213.65*1)=213.65 grams of H and (1728.63*16)=27658.08 grams of O? 213.65+27658.08=27871.73 grams of water? Where's the rest of it? 9:30 The actual equation is: mass/molar mass, if you wanted to have it just as a multiplication, you should have done mass* (1/molar mass). but in the end he made the calculation correctly, so that's fine, I guess.

OMG they had missed their calculations, almost like they were kids oh wait

First reference to fashion theory 7 years ago 😮

I am glad maptat has a episode on one of my favorite anime I really need to watch it again thats how much I loved it the main 2 characters are so engaging and the story is very cool and complex.

There was no need to calculate moles of anything, you could have just used mass fractions. Also, your math is wrong. In one mole of water, you have one mole of oxygen and 2 moles of Hydrogen. Which means your final numbers will not be accurate. Now I have to figure out if I'm curious enough about whether Ed is right or not to do the math out myself . . .

Who's that *SHORT* shrimp with the *Fullmetal Alchemist*

MatPat needs to fulfil the prophecy of 1:51. RELEASE THE FMA STYLE THEORY!!!!

1:52 foreshadowing seven years prior.

Hey I actually had a chem exam to study for an this helped! Good on you, Matpat!

I guess you could say that since fma took place in 1914 that was probably the science of 1914 which is why they wrong it is no where near modern science

Mat: and who doesn’t have a crush on winry I mean cmon Me: dude she’s 15

I think I’m gonna rewatch fma, it’s been a while and it’s one of my favs!

9:56 One molecule of water is made up of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. A mole of any molecule or atom will always be 6.02 x 10^23 of that object, so one mole of water will contain one mole of oxygen and two moles of hydrogen. If there are 1942.3 moles of water, it is made up of 1942.3 moles of oxygen and 3884.6 moles of hydrogen. the 11% and 89% applies to the mass, not the amount of molecules, and you were applying it to the amount of molecules, not the mass.

Love your work Matt but, sadly I think you forgot something while making this one. While you are correct that Ed and Al didn't have correct materials to make a human, someone did. Izumi, their teacher, used her own child's corpse for her human transmutation. The perfect amount for a child's corpse, the EXACT measurements for THAT human and she still made a monster, giving up the malformed child to the gate in equivalent exchange. I also know 2003 FMA isn't cannon (I still enjoy it, both runs ARE very good and awesome in their own right.) Matt said he is focusing on the world of the 2003 FMA, not brotherhood.

I'm in sophomore chem class and I have been failing this entire semester, and I have been unable to understand any of the math. I understand now much better. Thanks MatPat

1:50 the greatest foreshadowing in human history...

Doesn't the "formula" for making a human depend on gender, age,side and other things to?

for one... they forgot the water in the transmutation... seriously did you see 35 liters of water in that DRY pile

1:51 Ayo wtf he mentioned it six years ago?!

1:51 Hmmm Fashion Theory... a new channel? 🤔

I can do math too: Genius + Insanity = Matpat

Whoops! Moles, as you said, refer to the number of atoms. You wouldn't calculate percentage of mass with moles, you would have to do that before the conversion from grams. If you have 1942.3 moles of water, you would have 3884.6 moles of hydrogen and 1942.3 moles of oxygen. Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom per molecule of water. If you want to do the percentage method, you would apply the percentages to the initial 35000 grams of water. Then you would find the mole/gram conversion rates for oxygen and hydrogen separately, instead of doing water as a whole.

imma come to this when i finish watching the show but you gave me something tot look forward to so thank you

Coming back to this and seeing fashion theory is so funny now that style theory exists

MatPat, moles correlate to specific amount, _not_ mass, that's what grams are for. 1 mole of anything is 6.02 x 10^23 of that stuff. So, 1 mol of water = 6.02 x 10^23 molecules of H2O How many oxygen atoms are in that mole of water? Since there is one oxygen atom for every water molecule, it's the *same*: 6.02 x 10^23 oxygen atoms in 6.02 x 10^23 molecules of H2O. How many hydrogen atoms are in that mole of water? There are two hydrogen for every water molecule, so it's 12.04 x 10^23 hydrogen atoms in 6.02 x 10^23 molecules of H2O. It's right there in the name, _H2_ and _O._ The fatal miscalculation is yours, MatPat. #TriggeredUndergradBioStudent

The reason human transmutation doesn't work isn't because they have the wrong ingredients but actually because afterwards in FMA brotherhood ed digs up the body and realizes that what he transmuted wasn't his mom. His mom had a different hair colour and the bones are checked by Winry's grandmom who confirms that the bones are not of a women. So very simply it isn't because of the equivalent exchange but rather it is impossible to revive a human who is dead because you do not have the soul as it has gone to the other side. And well while the math might be wrong... even if it was right it wouldn't be possible.

1:52 foreshadowing style theory 😆

Now that Style Theory exists, i want that hat episode, Matthew.

Also when a person dies in fma then the soul is gone, so even with correct math they would create an empty husk.

carbonated water 16 oz, caramel color 15 grams, aspartame 10 grams, phosphoric acid 5 grams, "What's that?" A can of Diet Coke!

1:54 Style Theory Foreshadowing :3

1:48 Not MatPat dropping the OG reference to Style Theory