To Study IELTS/PTE/SAT at Gurubaa International Consultancy, Fill the form below(Both Online and offline available) : forms.gle/HzFK... On 28 June 1914, 19 years old boy named Gavrilo Princip killed Austro-Hungarian Prince Archduke Ferdinand with his wife Sophie. This one main incident triggered the first world war that lasted for four years. This war resulted in the death of 9 million soldiers alongside 5 million civilian deaths following military actions, hunger, and disease. This war ended several empires like Austro-Hungarian Empire and Ottoman Empire. Directly or indirectly, the war affected almost every country.
Before WW!, there was the rule of the monarchy in most of the European countries including Germany.
Europe has already experienced multiple wars between countries before WW!. There was a huge clash between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire multiple times including the war of 1877-1878.
Alliances are also considered the main reason for happening of the war. A Triple Alliance was formed in 1882 between Italy, Germany and Austria-Hungary. To counter this, Triple Entente was formed between France, Russia and the United Kingdom.
Following the assassination, an ultimatum was issued by Austria-Hungary to Serbia which was rejected. Germany was with Austria-Hungary whereas Russian Empire was supporting Serbia. Austria-Hungary declares war against Serbia on July 28 with Germany Support. Russia came to support Serbia which initiated World War I.
On July 30, Germany sent an ultimatum to Russia but Russia mobilizes for war. On August 1, Germany declares war on Russia. On the same day, Italy, Denmark, Sweden and Norway declare their neutrality. Switzerland also declares its neutrality on August 3. The United States declares its neutrality on August 4.
At the same time, a secret treaty was signed between Germany and the Ottoman Empire. On August 2, Germany invades Luxembourg and came near the border of France.
On August 4, Germany attacks Belgium despite the Treaty of London where Belgium was granted independence but to remain perpetually neutral.
On August 6, Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia whereas Serbia declares war on Germany. On August 9, the German colony of Togoland in West Africa was attacked by the British and French forces.
On August 20, Germany captures Brussels, the capital of Belgium.
Japan declared war on Germany on 23 August after its ultimatum was unanswered. Japan’s intention was to take Germany's Pacific territories. On August 25, Japan also declared war against Austria-Hungary.
Russia, Serbia and Montenegro declares war against the Ottoman Empire on November 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
A secret agreement concluded on 26 April 1915 between Italy on one side and the United Kingdom, France, and Russia on the other side. This agreement promised Italian expansion of colonies in Africa and territorial expansion against Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. On May 23, Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary and also against Ottoman Empire on August 21.
Clashes occurred between German South-West Africa and Portuguese West Africa. Germany declares war on Portugal. Portugal officially enters the war. Italy declares war on Germany on August 28.
British Intelligence decoded a telegram a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office to form a secret alliance with Mexico. Germany promised to help Mexico recover the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. On April 6, 1917, the United States declared war against Germany. In March, the British captured Bagdad, another great loss to Ottoman Empire.
On 3 March 1918, Russia on one side and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire) on the other side entered into a separate peace treaty. This agreement ended the Russian participation in world war I. Russia lost Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia through the treaty.
Germany initiated Operation Michael in Northern France which was a major German military offensive on 21 March 1918. Germany captured 3,100 km2 (1,200 sq mi) of France.
The Allied got the victory at the Battle of Megiddo in September 1918 and captured Palestine. The same month, British forces captured Jisr ed Damieh of Jordan and Tiberias which currently lies in Israel and many more important cities under the Ottoman Empire.
On October 30, the Ottoman Empire signs the Armistice of Mudros meaning it surrendered.
The Treaty of Versailles was signed on 28 June 1919 in the Palace of Versailles through which Germany and her allies were presented as the most responsible parties of the world war.
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20 авг 2024
