Flesh-Eating Disease (Necrotizing fasciitis) is very rare. But believe me when I say, the bacteria (Group A streptococcus) which causes this fatal condition can be found on your skin even right now. How do these common bacteria cause such a fatal disease?Necrotizing means causing the death of tissues. Fasciitis means inflammation of the fascia. Fascia is the tissue layer situated below the skin which covers deep structures like muscles, fat, and nerves.
is a common bacteria living on our skin. They usually don’t cause us any harm. But when the skin is injured in abrasions, minor cuts, burns or insect bites, the bacteria can translocate into the deep layers of the skin and cause infections. Necrotizing fasciitis occurs when such bacteria infect the fascial layer of the skin. It can spread rapidly and involve fat, muscles, nerves and cause extensive tissue death. That's why it is known as Flesh-eating disease.
However, Group A streptococcus is not the only bacteria capable of causing this deadly disease. Sometimes a polymicrobial or a mixture of bacteriae like Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Clostridium can also cause this condition.
Symptoms include red or purple rash in the affected area, severe pain, and fever. As the disease progresses, you can notice blisters and black discoloration as tissues start to die.
The bacteria can even spread into the bloodstream and cause a fatal condition called sepsis. It can also release toxins into the blood and cause another fatal condition known as toxic shock syndrome. In both these conditions, the blood pressure will fall rapidly and there is a high risk of multi-organ failure.
Patients with diabetes, Kidney Disease, Liver disease, and Cancer are at high risk of developing Necrotizing fasciitis because of their poor immunity.
Doctors will use the clinical features to come to a diagnosis. Blood investigations, Taking tissue samples from the affected area and Imaging through CT or MRI scans will help to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment should be started as soon as possible. The main treatments are Intravenous antibiotics, Surgery to remove the infected tissue and supportive treatment to maintain the blood pressure. These patients are looked after in Intensive care units.
But unfortunately, Up to 1 in 3 people with necrotizing fasciitis die from the infection.
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6 июл 2019
