Gods and Generals | The Life of Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson | Warner Bros. Entertainment 

Proud of your great great great granddaddy for his service to the Confederate cause.

A pride to which you're entirely entitled. 🌹

@@maryannparrish2570 👍👍

I too am a son of the Confederacy. My 5th great-granddaddy fought under Gen. Forrest. I'm proud of it too!!!

I hope that many of the memories and stories of your great great Grandfather have been written down so that they will live on. I expect you were never able to know him yourself but wouldn’t it have been fascinating to hear his stories and experiences?? These were brave men in the last “gentlemen’s war”.

Funny. Me too. My grandmothers side, the potter's. My great grandfather did the research but I'm compelled to don't own again and maybe do the ancestry online thing

I had one in his brigade

Imposible

Well said sir!

This statement is truly Almost Shakespearean!

@Snaggle Toothed I don't appreciate your backhand comment. I am fully educated and not a so-called hick. Must be difficult to be so perfect and sound like an elitist. It's a great comment. Lee was a smart man whether you think so or not. BTW - Apparently....with your stellar education....you don't even know to use a question mark with your comment, " It's really not though, is it." That is a question....and not a declarative statement. So you have no room to leave comments about what you perceive to be other people's "hick" education.

@Snaggle Toothed Just loved the remarks of Ricky Gervais to the Hollywood elitists. Wish I was gifted as he with formulating insightful comments.

Poor guy

@Snaggle Toothed impressed me more than anything I hear you saying.

Thank the Lord he was not at Gettysburg!

Shelby’s books are good reads but his propagation of lost cause mythologies earmarks him as what he truly was. A marvelous story teller but not a professional historian. Still and all his books are great reads.

And this is what an Actual civil war historian and expert on Jackson with almost 6 decades of research on the subject under has to say about the subject m.ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-t9ccYylVCs4.html But I guess he is just a lost cause to right?

1 thing. Jackson & most his men was from that area know all the short cuts that was same thing Mosby did & use. 2 even for Jackson himself was known to fall asleep during them long marches. 3 Yankees must not had many locals or Jacksons army on them long marches was ripe for a ambush.

WILL GO ON!!!

So are the campaigns of Grant and Sherman. And the reason the white population of the South was so small was because of slavery. There was no incentive for immigrants in moving into a society dominated by a small planter elite.

If Lee had listened to Longstreet at Gettysburg they may still have forced Lincoln's hand - dont listen to the Lost Cause Brigade lead by Early and his pals

Gen Lee also acknowledged his 'old warhorse' Gen James Longstreet before and after the war. Longstreet had actually been made up to Lt Gen before Gen Jackson (just) but was still his senior, however thanks to the old farts of the 'Lost Cause' his (Longstreet's) genius has been largely overlooked until relatively recently and his 'aggressive defensive' strategy has been acknowledged as being far ahead of it's time (although the Sun Zhu Bing Fa is also supportive of this strategy). Of course if Gen Jackson had still been in command of the 2nd Corps, rather than Ewell, at Gettysburg he may well have taken Cemetery Hill on the 2nd day and changed the course of the battle and the war. By the same token if Gen Lee had listened to Gen Longstreet and allowed him to order John Bell Hood to circle the right flank of the Round Tops and attack the Union Left flank....

@@neilpemberton5523 Grant and Sherman werent not great generals, at all. They had the advantages of numbers and material and never hesitated to use them, Grant especially never considering the cost in lives. When he had the superior numbers, he was so willing to sacrifice his men like some sort of game. Frontal attacks that can be considered human death waves to push back the enemy. Grant had the luxury of superior numbers and used it unmercifully. Had he had the situation of Lee, he would have been retired back to his store clerking before the finish of the war.

While i agree that Lee and Jackson were both great generals....they were also very different in command style. Lee was by no means a pioneer his greatness was due to his very eerie ability to what sometimes looks like to read his opponents mind, he could almost become his opponent and then act accordingly . strategically he was very much so a product of the napoleonic school of warfare, Lee believed that if the south was going to be succesful,it had to win quickly and decicivly which would lead to the anbtietam and gettysburg campaigns that mirrored the strategy of general scott (Lee was on Scott Staff) during the mexican war. Jackson on the other hand was very much so a pioneer in military tactics one only needs to look at his valley campaign in which he completely dismantled a force of 54,000 men with only 15 to 17000 men with a series of swift and devastating strikes and chased that army into the potomac.

Wish that he'd been at Gettysburg.

Hemingway used that as one of his titles.

Damn you, I was going to say the same thing!

No your wrong, he was standing like a god... No man better in the south

(Like... Key word like) he was the greatest man in the war and his death is and forever will be the greatest. What if of all time

relm cheatham Better death than the famous grandson of Confederate Col. George S. Patton, Sr.....

Patton may not have won a prize for obeying but God dam could that man fight! They were both courageous generals who shall live on in memory!

Lee and Jackson were unbeatable together.

Me too! He’s among many

Yes he does... they are in outfits like S.E.A.L team and Delta Force🇺🇸💪

He isn’t an American hero. He’s a traitor to America. You’re a lost cause believer and loser.

@@Johnroos80 so is your filthy mother...

#HistoricTown those big buck slaves looked after Mrs Jackson day and "night" when the old genal died

#HistoricTown that was such an educated response. 👍🏻🖕🏻

True. Their State was their country. They never saw themselves as part of a whole. Each State was its own individual homeland, with its own laws and traditions.

It is also true that Lee said that he can not stomach to live in a union that is "held together by swords and bayonets". Every red blooded American should understand that sentiment.

Northern states wanted to take southern right to vote.Northerns abandoned slavery but hired european working labour,but former slaves instead of getting jobs in factories were sold to soutg,isnt that hipocricy

AMEN next to Lee he's one of my favorite confederate general's

@Clem Cornpone he was not a traitor because he was a southerner and could not go against the south when north began witzh agression

Ehhh he was okay...

@@MrBandholm much much much better than you or I. Real men lived back then.

@@joel4192 Better than you perhaps, although I doubt it, not better than me.

He was special... as was JEB Stuart and Phil Kearney. All lost their lives during the civil war.

The South had good generals including the cavalier generals. The soldier were farmers. The North had soldier and Federals. The generals were not great to compete to Lee and Jackson. Lincoln fire 4 generals till. 1863 battle of Gettysburg.

Ivan Ramirez but who won the war? Apparently reb generals weren’t good enough

@@PierresWildAdventure yes, Lincoln had five generals till. 1863 battle of Gettysburg. That the turn of the table for the rebs union.

Ivan Ramirez what?

GEZZA1 agreed

More beautiful if he didn't support slavery.

He fought and died against the US how is he the best?

@@LordTalax slavery was terrible, but its a dark part in our nation's history both north and south.

@@LordTalax slavery waa was wrong but its a Dark place in our country's history. However, dont let the actions that wrte north and the south cloud your views of history

The Best Is Yet To Come nah we don’t want anymore Protestants telling us what to do

Wars aren't fought like World War 2 anymore although I think certainly General Stonewall Jackson would have understood nuclear weapons far better than certainly the current "crop" of military Leaders.

Doesnt mean we should glorify him

@@mrbrainbob5320 yes it does, Jackson is a hero.

dwone jones he’s with satan

Maurice O'Neill As it should be. Killing your own countrymen is treason. People tried to tell them that slavery was wrong, but they were hardheaded and self-serving. Sad.

@@nora22000 its far easy to be wise with hindsight

@@mauriceoneill2259 It may seem like hindsight to those who are racist, but even at the time there were so many who opposed slavery that the national Baptist organization had to split, as well as most other fraternal and civic organizations, into a 'Southern' and 'National' group because they differed over the issue of slavery and subjugation of any people solely to favor some other people. That's why the North, the territories and the West included K-12 schools free to settlers and citizens, yet the South stood alone without one public school in any of its states. The planters who owned the culture, the government and the slaves had zero respect and concern for the whites as well as for the blacks, using the whites as militia and slave patrols to keep their black slaves in line but ignoring or mistreating them as unfit to work (slaves were rented out instead) and earn money to support themselves and their children. Yet, today, the descendants of those same poor whites lick the boots of those same planters as confederate leaders, and lavish them with praise and call them 'heroes' for no apparent reason at all. Some kind of insight should be applied to that situation.

@@nora22000 Throwing about that word racist is very careless, stupid and hateful, my advice to you is to try and study/read/discuss /learn more on the reasons of the US Civil War took place , before making narrow off the cuff/blinded/stupid/remarks about this Sad War. Thank you Sir.

@@mauriceoneill2259 To say that the Southern people of that time did not know that slavery was unacceptable to most Northerners and a large number of other Southerners is disingenuous at best. To accept their position--that they were above others (there were plenty of people who let them know their behavior needed to change)--but that they ignored anyone other than their own social group is not acceptable from any thinking person today. These are not heroes.

Brainwashed liberals are trying to destroy all American history and censor as well as demonize everything from Columbus to founding Fathers. Liberalism is a disease.

nobody is trying to tear him down, friend, they are just trying to make a statement against what they see as the glorification of a racist ideology. They may be right, they may be wrong, but no one has anything personal against Jackson.

good!!

I wouldn’t say that at all. As a General Jackson was excellent. Not in the league of Grant, Thomas, Sherman or Forest who all eclipsed him militarily. There’s a lot to be considered about Lee being the most over rated general in US History. During the Civil War Lee had no significant military victories before commanding Jackson and none after Jackson died. The question on Jackson was in combat he was a thoroughly repellent and brutal man who very well may have been shot by his own men on purpose. Unlike Lee Jackson was hated by his men.

if you are familiar with Jacksons vary campaign you would know that Jackson was very much in the same league as Grant Sherman etc. ..in fact he is superior to all 3.

Where do you live nowadays?

James Longstreet is my favorite and Jeb Stuart is my second favorite.

Ulysses s Grant my favorite general just seems that guy could have a good time since he drank a lot

@@TheDeanna1372 actually mostly he drank cider. The drinking thing was kind of a show

Varth dader, Then you and I are related, because I am related to Robert E. Lee, and named after him as well. Middle name is Lee. Hello relative!

Actually, he very likely would not have. Ewell's decision was the correct one at the time.

He would have taken both Cemetery and Culp's Hills. Different battle!

DUSTY1373 True words, have never been spoken. There was only one "Stonewall". The war turned even more south, after his death.

DUSTY1373 The Greatest American General, this country ever produced.

No I'll go with patton

Uh, no. That would be General William T. Sherman, who was categorized with the greatest of Roman Generals, like Scipio Africanus and Gaius Julius Caesar.

@@briansheehan3430 Sherman, who butchered men, women, and children alike.

plowboysghost “Political correctness is tyranny with manners.” Charlton Heston

Yes, sir.

Lee said. ":Jackson has lost his left arm, I have lost my right arm."

Do you know how many Michiganders lost their lives fighting for the Union??....google it....sheesh!

@@goobfilmcast4239 Quite a few. Especially from the Iron Brigade. That was one of the most famous outfits in the Union Army.

I disagree on both accounts. As a history major, it is a large mistake to say anything was inevitable. It is impossible to say the south would've lost regardless of how many victories, because it denies outside influence on the war. The hope for foreign intervention was strong and not without merit for the south. Had the war dragged on longer than it did, perhaps foreign aid would've materialized. Secondly, to much focus is given to Jackson's brilliant victories and not hardly any to his dismal failures. He was a decent commander, but IMO Longstreet was the more sound tactician, and Jackson's victories came about as a result of ineptness on his opponents parts and not thanks to any brilliance on Jackson's part

Bowery Bum Perhaps if the South could have refrained from shooting its own generals, it would have had a chance.

Yeah we was whooping the union ass you guys invaded Us and we pushed you all the way back over the boarder we could have won but we didn't have the resources or the men to continue

Shelby Foote and others really don't understand the concept of the "Human Dimension". I'm other words, you can't calculate or rely upon the will of the people. One just can't entirely know how a population will respond. The war ended as the Southerners were told to cooperate whilst being raped by reconstruction. Had they continued with an insurgency, the war would have never ended.

I've read & listened to Shelby Foote for decades. This is the only point I disagree with Mr. Foote on. And it seems to fly in the face of everything else Mr. Foote wrote on the civil war. On paper he is right, the north had another 'arm' to bring out, but they didn't bring it out because they didn't want to bring it out and if they war had gone so badly as to require the other arm coming out, they would have wanted to not bring it out even more.

I have studied American and World history extensively...the confederacy and all who fought for it were wrong wrong to leave the union...wrong to perpetuate slavery.

Joe Smith amen

Clem Cornpone Your a Socialist what do you care about? surely not the Bill of Rights and Constitution .

Clem Cornpone Lincoln was the one who became a traitor to the Constitution, I would suggest you research this topic. The south was Constitutionally (not morally) righteous

Clem Cornpone he opposed slavery. He still considered himself an American

so you like slavery

That is my birthday as well! I love sharing my birthday with General Jackson!

Can you recommend any books to read on this topic?

Has it ever been stated who shot Stonewall Jackson? I'm quite sure whom ever it was, suffered the remaining part of thier life.

Its true here is an explanation.Robert Lee 30 degree freemason,Jefferson Davis 33rd degree freemason,Abraham Lincoln 33rd degree freemason,Sherman and Grant 33rd degree freemason,Stonewall Jackson was not a freemason

Manuel G Chapa Jr The end began before they started because they didn't get any support from any other government anywhere. They wanted support and recognition from Great Britain, but instead insulted them and pushed them away in 1861 with 'King Cotton Diplomacy' which tried to blackmail Britain into recognizing and supporting them. The military 'beginning of the end' was a year before Chancellorsville, after Antietam. Not only had Lee lost by taking his army and attacking the North in the North, he triggered the Emancipation Proclamation and the communication from Britain in their meetings that they would not only refuse support and recognition, they also would never intervene with the Union on behalf of the confederates nor set up any kind of negotiations or mediation. The confederates were losing from the beginning in the West. Now they had lost a big battle in the East, lost the slaves (especially the 200,000 male slaves that went to the Colored Troops and the US Navy for the Union), lost Great Britain, and lost their markets for cotton and other crops because of the Union blockade of their ports. It was time for smart people to surrender and accept the $300 per slave manumission that Lincoln had put out on the table and go home; unfortunately Jefferson Davis, the president, and Robert E Lee, their most successful general, weren't smart enough to do that.

@@nora22000 Lee had to go North after Chancellorsville. He had the momentum. He knew Hooker was going to get replaced. He had a perfect window to proceed North. His plan was to lead the Army of the Potomac away from DC and pick off the corps one by one. Its why day 1 of Gettysburg he made it clear to his generals not to attack and withdraw. Hoping to confuse them and lead them out in the open with reinforcements being to far to help. Crazy part is it almost worked. Then Longstreet dragged his feet on day 2 and the rest is history. If Lee got between DC and the Union on good ground he would of personally delivered Davis terms to Lincoln. Then the CSA would of been official.

@@Shatamx You forget that another huge army manned the fortifications surrounding Washington DC so Lee could never have gotten anywhere near Lincoln to deliver his terms. Additionally, Grant took Vicksburg on July 4th and the blockade choked off money and supplies that the confederates needed to survive. They were beaten before Gettysburg even began. Just too bloodthirsty and stubborn to admit it.

@@Shatamx Longstreet did not drag his feet, and even if he had, it was utterly irrelevant: 1) Ewell's attack was not coordinated correctly and therefore did not begin on time, making Longstreet's attack time basically irrelevant 2) Sickles' forward movement was what made Longstreet's attack even somewhat successful, and that movement had not been completed by the time Longstreet was supposed to be begin. At the end of the day, Longstreet was not to blame: Lee's battle plan and the utter failure of the other corps commanders caused the South to lose Gettysburg.

The true turning point...

I have! I love that book!

Fantastic book....

Jackson was against slavery his entire life and even risked his own when he opened his own night school in secret for slaves which was illegal and if jackson was to be discovered he was to be thrown in jail or killed.

So was Patrick Henry "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death" So was James Monroe, James k. Polk, Lighthorse Harry Lee etc.

True. I think they are speaking post Civil War. Virginia had a lot of patriots!

Benjamin Franklin was from Boston and was one of the most important men in the foundation of the USA 🇺🇸 a good northern patriot and Alexander Hamilton was from New York another great northern patriot don’t forget Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben the great German general that beat the British and called America his homeland he was a good man he fought for New York in the revolutionary war don’t forget Charles Lee from Pennsylvania another great northern patriot I

Back then there was nothing considered north and south.. They were more civilized than that. However yes I understand what you are referring too and Thank you for pointing that out.

@@brettyoss1693 actually there was. The north and south were actual terms used even before the American revolution.

General Grant saw it differently. When Gen Longstreet surrendered at Vicksburg he asked that all the officers keep their property they brought with them. Grant asked if that included slaves. Longstreet replied "of course". Grant rightfully said no. States rights to own people.

@@ghostmost2614 Longstreet surrendered at Vicksburg, did he?

this is my great great grandfather so I can tell you

The excerpt below explains : Jackson's nickname was first applied to him at the First Battle of Manassas on July 21, 1861 by Confederate General Bernard Bee. Inspired by Jackson's resolve in the face of the enemy, Bee called out to his men to inspire them: “Look, men! There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!

John Foster ok

thanks for the tip.IT IS VERY INTERESTING

The loss of Jackson greatly hurt the Confederate cause.....his flank march at Chancellorsville is one of the greatest maneuvers in military history..Conceived in conference with the bold Lee, this was an example of the potential for Southern victory, even though massively outnumbered and out supplied. The Army of Northern Virginia was never the same after his death. One can only guess what result would have occurred at Gettysburg had Jackson been there with Lee. Jackson would have TAKEN Culp's hill.....he would NOT have moped for HOURS like Longstreet who sought every excuse NOT to attack until it was too late for a " concert of action", as Lee called it. Lee had to reorganize the WHOLE ARMY after Jackson's death....he was THAT important. It is possible that if Jackson was not shot by his own men, many of today's social problems in our cities would NOT exist today. Lee and Jackson were men of honor and character....leaders like them do not exist today. Their men LOVED them and would follow them anywhere. History should never forget them....even if only a few people read the history out of billions on this earth who are oblivious to 99.9 % of knowledge of ANY kind !!

You are not wrong. While I greatly admire such men as Stonewall Jackson & RE Lee and I often defend them because I live in a time when such men are so unjustly maligned by an evil, adulterous, ungrateful & ignorant generation, had they really wanted to serve YHWH, they would have far better served Him by picking up Holy Scripture and preaching the saving Gospel of Jesus Christ, the only thing that will give a man true eternal peace, security & salvation.

Literally, you shall not commit murder.

The actual original translation is " Thou shalt not murder".

Tell that to Sherman.

Maybe you should not look for the missteps of others but rather to their intent....form over substance is sometimes more helpful.

@@Theywaswrong when you steal a quote or even "mis-attribute' a quote, that is PLAGIARISM, and it gets people fail marks on papers and entire courses. It even gets students expelled from college in some cases. Unless you are Martin Luther King Jr or Barak Obama or Ms Obama. Then they pretend it didn't happen or something

Why? Because they said W VA? Did you know that Stephen Douglas was born in Illinois in 1813? You'll find that in all histories, although Illinois wasn't a state until 1818.

I believe he said "rural western Virginia", not "rural WEST Virginia"

Before West Virginia a state it was Virginia and when stone wall Jackson was born he was born in clarkburg Virginia and when the Virginia split from rigged voting the side he was born was the West side of Virginia now known as Clarksburg West Virginia just stating the facts when I look up the history about stone wall Jackson and Robert e Lee horse was also from the West side of Virginia cool facts but are true

"western Virginia" not "West Virginia" was said.

I think you would make a great PC scanner, getting up each morning to find something to object to. Whether he said West Virginia or western Virginia, you comment reminds me of two old preachers arguing who's bible knowledge is better.

+David Scoltock Both and none at the same time.

David Scoltock. The reason he fought as all Confederate Soldier's fought to defend their homes against a invader. Jackson's Speech to the Army if the Shenandoah Valley explains it perfect. This is not word for word buy very close. He said " We would not raise a army to invade state's of others and terrorize their people nor will we allow state's of others to raise armies to invade our state's and terrorize our people." Five States didn't secede until Lincoln raised a Army to invade them for Tarrifs. Virginia and Tennessee are two of them. Lincoln asked Lee to lead the Union Army and he said he couldn't because his family and home we're in Virginia. He said the same thing to Lincoln's Secretary of War. "I can't believe Lincoln is going to invade his own country. Our Constitution forbids state's to war against each other in Section 3, Article 3 I believe. Lincoln was a monster. He said in his First address that he would spill blood to collect the duties of state's(meaning the Souyh) he doubled their taxes two days before. The South was 30% of the population and paid over 85% of the revenue of the Union voted in for decades before the war by Northern Politician's and the South didn't have enough representation. That's what the war was about.

Lincoln, IIRC in his 2cd Inaugural Address, put it very succinctly. Paraphrasing as I can't find the quotation: We both pray to the same God asking his blessings and an end to the war and victory. Neither's prayers have been answered. God has His own purposes.

David Scoltock obviously, the winning side...

@1776 That is so true.

I think you need help and some education might be useful.

Sad that like ISIS sweep through Iraq that destroyed history we now see ourselves destroying history. But every day has its season and we move on, losing parts of history.

@@Theywaswrong it's what the astrologers and predictor expect for the year 2020

I tried to stop it from happening.

Historical Revisionism. Like Russia?

Joel Mateo Jackson was satan

Lincoln favored slavery..you might look up Lincolns letters to news paper writer Mr. H. Greeley.

jorgenmoll hi, he never had one!! Learn your history!!

41 out of 56 of the signers of the Declaration of Independence owned slaves. And they were not all from the South.

I wather enjoy wistening to him although I wike wistening to the waspy voice of Edward Bearrs better. Especially with that Southern accent.

Nah I enjoy it. People should embrace there differences. Everyone sounding and looking alike is boring.

Yep,pretty much.

Says the guy with a shirtless profile pic..are you a man or teenage boy. Grow up.

Thomas don't be jealous because you're a fat middle aged man.

Yep, you hit the nail on the head.

Quit being an emotional crybaby, you didn't know him. Love him or hate him, he will be respected until there are no more people to remember him. And on that note, what have you yourself done to make yourself remembered? This man was a devout individual and great military mind. Your hatred for him and what he fought and died for doesn't matter. Try and see the bigger picture here, if you can.

@@joel4192 Well said!

You’re the reason why history gets deleted just because YOU don’t like it or get OFFENDED ..you don’t have to watch it and people like you are what’s wrong in this world

@@Selous_Scout on the contrary, people being offended by history are the ones who wish to delete it. So they use their imagination to try and get others to follow a story about how nazis and confederates are the same. Slavery was wrong, no denying that, but it was the STATES RIGHT to abolish it. Not the FEDERAL GOVT S. Those who wish to destroy history, are doomed to repeat it. Look around you, wont be too much longer before neighbor turns on neighbor.

You'll never be half the man Stonewall Jackson was.

Zeno they meant to say the world

Why is that funny? I'm not disputing you, I just don't know what you are referring to? Was the best in Great Britain, in your opinion?

This is a shortening of what he really said, which was (as I recall) "People believe that West Point turned out good generals. It didn't turn out good generals, but in 1842..."

It WAS founded to be an engineering school. Tp this day if you graduate from any of the academies you are either awarded a BS in engineering or in history.

Your crazy

Okay, Boomer.

Catherine Lee me? I was born in 1980. Hardly qualifies me as a boomer.

Civilwar6165, He may have made a wrong choice. But he was not a bad man. I did not think you were a Boomer. It is something my generation came up with. By the way, nice name! CivilWar6165! Are you a history buff?

Crazy.

bruh

You are so ignorant it's shameful. You are a Weiner for sure!

Weiner!!! Please share some more of your opinions.

Sorry to hear sir that you are not against the following “ “The treatment of slaves in the United States varied by time and place, but was generally brutal and degrading. Whipping and sexual abuse, including rape, were common. Teaching slaves to read was discouraged or (depending upon the State) prohibited, so as to hinder aspirations for escape or rebellion. In response to slave rebellions such as the Haitian Revolution, the 1811 German Coast Uprising, a failed uprising in 1822 organized by Denmark Vesey, and Nat Turner's slave rebellion in 1831, some states prohibited slaves from holding religious gatherings without a white person present, for fear that such meetings could facilitate communication and lead to rebellion. Slaves were punished by whipping, shackling, beating, mutilation, branding and/or imprisonment. Punishment was most often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but masters or overseers sometimes abused slaves to assert dominance. Pregnancy was not a barrier to punishment; methods were devised to administer lashings without harming the baby. Slave masters would dig a hole big enough for the woman's stomach to lie in and proceed with the lashings.[1] But such "protective" steps gave neither expectant slave mothers nor their unborn infants much real protection against grave injury or death from excess zeal or number of lashes inflicted, as one quote by ex-captive Moses Grandy took note: One of my sisters was so severely punished in this way, that labour was brought on, and the child born in the field. This very overseer, Mr. Brooks, killed in this manner a girl named Mary: her [parents] were in the field at the time. He also killed a boy about twelve years old. He had no punishment, or even trial, for either [murder].[2] The mistreatment of slaves frequently included rape and the sexual abuse of women. The sexual abuse of slaves was partially rooted in historical Southern culture and its view of the enslaved as property.[3] After 1662, when Virginia adopted the legal doctrine partus sequitur ventrem, sexual relations between white men and black women were regulated by classifying children of slave mothers as slaves regardless of their father's race or status. Particularly in the Upper South, a population developed of mixed-race (mulatto) offspring of such unions, although white Southern society claimed to abhor miscegenation and punished sexual relations between white women and black men as damaging to racial purity. Frederick Law Olmsted visited Mississippi in 1853 and wrote: A cast mass of the slaves pass their lives, from the moment they are able to go afield in the picking season till they drop worn out in the grave, in incessant labor, in all sorts of weather, at all seasons of the year, without any other change or relaxation than is furnished by sickness, without the smallest hope of any improvement either in their condition, in their food, or in their clothing, which are of the plainest and coarsest kind, and indebted solely to the forbearance or good temper of the overseer for exception from terrible physical suffering.[4] That is what Ole Stonewall fought to defend.