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How to Write a Fugue - Part 3 (Stretto, Coda, Interval Analysis) 

JJay Berthume
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If you’re interested in hiring me to write music for your project, contact me at jjayberthumecomposer@gmail.com
If you’re interested in online music composition or piano lessons, contact me at jjayberthume@gmail.com
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7 мар 2018

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Комментарии : 72   
@LittleBoxes27
@LittleBoxes27 6 лет назад
I wouldn't mind seeing some interval analysis of Bach, you explain all the rules and nuances very well :D
@contrapunctusmammalia3993
@contrapunctusmammalia3993 6 лет назад
9:36 yeah, I know exactly what you ,mean
@minutehistory3032
@minutehistory3032 5 лет назад
I have to say this course was way above my head but I think by osmosis I must have learned a thing or two. I'm just so amazed by the ease with which you are able to talk about this difficult subject, you've must have put a lot of effort into this. Keep it up, you'll create great music over your lifetime I'm sure!
@elistewart8665
@elistewart8665 6 лет назад
I love watching your videos dude, I got out of a math test test early today and I couldn't wait to watch your video right after it. You have got to be one of my favorite RU-vidrs :)
@arthurcordeiro5285
@arthurcordeiro5285 4 года назад
That slight modification right to the very note of the subject, only in the last voice to play it in the cannon, gives a rather charming effect to the music.
@rubberlegs
@rubberlegs 5 лет назад
Yes, please analyze Bach fugues.
@Antonsklv
@Antonsklv 6 лет назад
it's so nice, to see you in such a great mood! thanks for your videos. I am self-taught at music theory, and your tutorials broaden my understanding and pov on those concepts!
@user-tn5sf4go6n
@user-tn5sf4go6n 4 года назад
Dude, you're awesome! I mean it is sort of charity, that you shared this type of knowledge with us, thank you!!!
@tarzan2857
@tarzan2857 5 лет назад
Oh dear JJ it's beautiful composition man
@Etothetaui
@Etothetaui 4 года назад
Did you ever make videos where you wrote the rest of the fugue? I was looking forward to watching you write the counter subject and all the cool things you could do in the development.
@Nirias103683
@Nirias103683 6 лет назад
Yeah would love to see you doing interval analyses of Bach!!
@simongross3122
@simongross3122 5 лет назад
Thank you. Most excellent. I love your presentations. Is there a part 4 to this series?
@kelvinnmusicacademy7728
@kelvinnmusicacademy7728 3 года назад
The Well-Tempered Klavier by J.S. Bach... Is wonderful!
@sethploeckelman5777
@sethploeckelman5777 6 лет назад
Great video! This mini series has helped a lot with my own works. I was wondering if you could do a video on writing for percussion ensemble next. Just a suggestion
@ernsterlanson
@ernsterlanson 5 лет назад
Hey Just watched all three parts today! Very good job! What happened with part 4? :) Also, do you have a recommended reading list about counterpoint etc somewhere? But great job!
@bronktug2446
@bronktug2446 5 лет назад
Beautiful fugue! Please teach me your skill!
@DylanCobb
@DylanCobb 6 лет назад
1:04:49 - I think the reason Bach considered this acceptable voice leading is because the neighbouring F-sharp is basically just the decoration of a single held tone (the G). If you were to replace the G-to-F-sharp-and-back motion with just a held quarter note G, the fourth would occur as a dissonant passing tone in the lower voice, straight out of a second species exercise. Just my two cents :^)
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
DylanCobb That’s a great explanation, and makes perfect sense! I often forget to strip down the decorations, coming from a modal counterpoint background where everything is considered substantive.
@DylanCobb
@DylanCobb 6 лет назад
It's one of those things I think Schenker's followers get right-whenever you find something in a Common Practice period piece that doesn't seem to conform to the "rules" of counterpoint at the surface level... it's probably really a species-compliant voice leading, but one that has been elaborated with various techniques-like octave displacement of stepwise motion generating sevenths and ninths; or one line outlining a two part voice leading, and in doing so leaping by a diminished fifth; or the elision/contraction of certain notes, and so on. Btw, have you ever checked out Taneiev's books on complex counterpoint? His way of systematising writing shifting counterpoint at any interval (like you get double counterpoint at the octave, tenth and twelfth in Fux, but Taneiev generalises it to *every* interval) is one of the most genius things I've ever come across...but there's not a single video about it on youtube! Would be great to see a video or two on shifting counterpoint, since it's so useful-just throwing out that suggestion since you've been covering counterpoint a lot recently and seem ridiculously well read! :^)
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
DylanCobb I haven’t read it, I’ll definitely add it to the reading list!
@orjhyu3v2ehv3h
@orjhyu3v2ehv3h 5 лет назад
I only don't understand what the term "voice exchange" means. Could someone help me out? Edit: this video was lovely and very helpful. Thanks and keep up the good work!
@jordanthukkaram
@jordanthukkaram 5 лет назад
Essentially a voice exchange is when two voices move in contrary motion from an imperfect consonance to an octave, then continue in the same direction to another imperfect consonance. For example: 6th to octave to 10th (3rd) in outward contrary motion. Hope that makes sense!
@davidmichaelminyoungan9052
@davidmichaelminyoungan9052 6 лет назад
Please do a interval analysis on Bach's Fugue n.1 in C major from WTK.
@tijgertje0003
@tijgertje0003 4 года назад
Hey JJay, love your content, keep it up! Do you plan on continuing this series? Or did you already finish the fugue? In which case I would very much like to hear the finished product!
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 4 года назад
Thanks so much Jeroen - really gratified to hear that you've enjoyed my content (really cool name by the way). My RU-vid channel is temporarily put on hold until I finish publishing my upcoming book "21st Century Part-Writing" on June 30th, after which I'll be back to making regular content. I plan on finishing all of the series I've created (including How to Write a Fugue) as well as creating new ones. Thanks for the support!
@fro29ras
@fro29ras 6 лет назад
Hi JJay! What is your opinion on contemporary music like Cage, Messiaen, Ligeti, Pärt, etc? Because most of your music is very traditional, both harmonically and melodically. Also, what's your thoughts about electroacoustic music and soundscape? I am currently studying composition in Sweden and we are forced to work a lot with wierd kinds of music and I absolutely hate it. I am very traditional in my composing myself and your tutorials and compositions is very inspiring for me. But I am very interested in what you think about contemporary music and music in general. Like, what's your musical ideal? :)
@tcaw8813
@tcaw8813 5 лет назад
Kinda late but if you did a interval analysis of bach, thatd be cool, because it would help me figure out how to analyze music better on my own
@ridgero
@ridgero 6 лет назад
Hey JJay, I really appreciate the videos you are uploading, excellent stuff, thank you! I try to compose stuff on my computer and piano. But how did you get this really deep knowledge of composing and note relationships? I feel really dumb, when I watch your videos :D It feels like you are completely in the matrix and know exactly what you and other composers are doing. What is your nr 1 recommendation to get really good in music theory? Thanks
@Elintasokas
@Elintasokas 6 лет назад
Learn music theory and then analyze thousands of compositions/melody fragments/etc.
@elistewart8665
@elistewart8665 6 лет назад
y the way, that progression of notes around the 40:00 minute mark are the exact same notes as the original star trek tv series theme :D
@colorred5383
@colorred5383 6 лет назад
Would be cool to See how to make music like Glenn millers
@alcyonecrucis
@alcyonecrucis 6 лет назад
m. 34 beat 3 is JUICY
@cabijista1
@cabijista1 6 лет назад
this is brilliant stuff! There are so few practical resources for writing fugues out there (trust me I wrote about fugal and canon composition for my thesis). Where is part 4 though! All these vids and we still haven't tackled the exposition yet!
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
Coming very soon!
@frangarflectar8944
@frangarflectar8944 Год назад
​@@JJBerthume we're waiting 🙏
@julianmanjarres1998
@julianmanjarres1998 2 года назад
Are octaves to fifths allowed (similar motion)
@liamskeen2884
@liamskeen2884 6 лет назад
9:36
@tijgertje0003
@tijgertje0003 4 года назад
I enjoyed this
@sciencedusoi-arthurmantes6315
@sciencedusoi-arthurmantes6315 5 лет назад
This is so interesting althought I barely understand anything. I have no basis at all in music theory, I've just been learning and playing a lot of stuff for one year (I am a former guitarist, which explains a lot :D). I used to be very academic, and I think I wanted to approach piano learning with a complete non-theorical manner, just by playing, sensing music and vibration without overthinking it. However, I would love to learn about theory because stuff like fugues and bach music is so passionating to me, but I don't want to overtheorize the music. For someone having no knowledge at all in theory, what would you recommend to start with ? In order to, one day, write fugues like you showed !!
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 5 лет назад
Hey Science de Soi! I definitely agree that one shouldn't over theorize anything - I just think of theory as an efficient way to categorize musical devices that contribute to effectively portraying emotions and aesthetics. The music should always come first; the theory is merely a tool that helps concretize abstract concepts. If you're interested in starting from the fundamentals of theory and developing a practical framework for composing, send me an email and we can have some Skype lessons! To answer your last question, I think the first thing one should start with is getting a feel for the emotional content of scale degrees, melodic shapes, intervals, vertical sonorities, timbres, and rhythms, and how they make you feel when you hear them. This can be done with no theoretical knowledge, just an instrument and a careful and sensitive ear. Once you "make friends with the notes," so to speak, the theory can help you abstract concepts so you can apply them in any key and context.
@sciencedusoi-arthurmantes6315
@sciencedusoi-arthurmantes6315 5 лет назад
I am grateful you replied ! Thanks for your insight. Looking at theory as a tool for supporting emotions and making abstract concepts and ideas alive, that is a way I like ! Where can I get your email address and details for skype lessons ? Although "right now" is not the financial perfect moment for me, I will consider it whenever possible and asap, because I like the idea of learning theory with someone like you. Musical Theory seems a very "arcane and mystical" thing when you are outside of the understanding. At the same time it is fascinating and full of potentials.
@jopmens6960
@jopmens6960 2 года назад
Isnt 4:54 bricolage? Also, when you say it is good to cut a voice out for a period, is that best done in an episode, best done while back at the tonic? In movies and series because you can't keep building suspense endlessly they cut to other subplots - so in like a fugue how do you slow your roll and switch without the suspense dropping out altogether?
@kerryL
@kerryL 6 лет назад
19:30 bookmark 30:20
@williamsonsmd5646
@williamsonsmd5646 6 лет назад
When there's a dotted quarter note carrying over from beat 2 to the and of 3, do you put a dotted quarter note instead of a quarter note tied to an eighth note just out of convenience?
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
williamsonsmd The traditional method is to always show the beats, but with modern notation it’s okay with easier, non-syncopated rhythms to condense the value.
@williamsonsmd5646
@williamsonsmd5646 6 лет назад
Oh okay, I ask because as a player I find it easier to read music when I can distinctly see the middle of the measure but that's just preference, I get why you're writing this way
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
williamsonsmd Yeah, I’m used to jazz big band in which the middle line is only shown when dealing with sixteenths quicker. It’s all preference! :)
@riverstun
@riverstun 5 лет назад
First - excellent videos. I'm at the level where its all these nuances that I need, and none of the usual sources really explains them. I kinda wish you would slow down and focus on the issues, giving several examples, rather than treating them all quite fast, in passing, as it were, but I can rewind easily enough, I guess. Big issue I have overall is this idea of "if it makes harmonic sense", which is what most people say without explaining - you explain it. Anyway. 1:09:21, you have an octave on beat one (A-A'), and then on the next strong beat, you have another octave - (B-B'). I cant see how this is not "bad" parallel octaves, especially because the A and B in the bass occupy the whole bar (beats 2 and 4 are extensions of the A and B). Hitting octaves is bad enough, as I understand they are bad in themselves - before I think you said you need to alleviate them individually my making sure you have imperfect intervals around them to offset them - even when there are no parallels. And that octaves are worse than 5ths because of their increased stability, and so on, So I just dont see why this isnt technically bad, even though the middle voice throws in a few notes in the gap. Is it enough that coming down from the C to the second B gives you a change in direction to the underlying A->B motion? I have to say this stuff confuses me mightily, given all the exceptions, which leads me to just ignore the "rules" most of the time so long as it sounds OK to me. But I'm hoping to gradually improve my learning why the exceptions are exceptions, and this is why this is so useful. Thanks.
@riverstun
@riverstun 5 лет назад
ps. in the Bach C-minor fugue, I think it helps that the 3 chords are played kinda staccato, so its like 3 chords, rather than 3 voices at that point anyway. So if he loses the independence for a moment - no biggie. It's an effect, not a voice-leading error, as it were. Or at least that's how I would look at it, as a non-expert.:04:40
@lincolngaskins9039
@lincolngaskins9039 6 лет назад
All for the Bach
@evanarimitsu3041
@evanarimitsu3041 6 лет назад
I’d like to learn more about harmony. Are there any books you recommend?
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
Evan Arimitsu Harper Collins has a great very inexpensive theory text with some good chapters on classical harmony - but if you can afford it go with Cherubini, it’s pretty expensive but the best book ever written about the subject IMO. I’m also planning on doing a video on basic tonal harmony soon as well.
@evanarimitsu3041
@evanarimitsu3041 6 лет назад
Thank you! Looking forward to the video!
@caterscarrots3407
@caterscarrots3407 5 лет назад
Actually, if you have C minor without an A flat, that is C dorian. To be melodic minor the Bb would also have to not be in C minor. Also I see in his Toccata and Fugue in D minor a few moments of parallel octaves(so like all the notes in a passage in unison but in different octaves) which according to the rules of counterpoint should never occur. So why did Bach break this rule of parallel octaves?
@seanfrancescogalantini6692
@seanfrancescogalantini6692 5 лет назад
Great, but I thinkthere are parallel octaves between bar 30 and bar 31!:b-b and c-c
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 5 лет назад
Sean Francesco Galantini I fix those later in the video. :)
@Nirias103683
@Nirias103683 6 лет назад
Saying FIRST for Alan Belkin.
@siddharthsharma2129
@siddharthsharma2129 5 лет назад
The problem is that the voices are too far apart in some instances(like m3 beat 4).Unfortunately this is not going to work in the context of tonal harmony.
@siddharthsharma2129
@siddharthsharma2129 5 лет назад
Or for the pianist.
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 5 лет назад
Siddharth Sharma Hello Siddharth - This fugue was not written for piano, I’m just using the piano sound for clarity. I’ve written a prelude and fugue for piano that I’ve performed that’s on my channel. The more than 8v rule between adjacent voices is useful for choir part writing, as balance issues can result from avoiding it, and it’s also good to leave the close voicing in the upper voices as that’s what the upper partials do - neither are the case here, so to follow the rule blindly is to not know why it was originally enacted.
@renematei708
@renematei708 5 лет назад
For a piano fugue your voices are often very (too) widely spaced
@TRISCORE
@TRISCORE 6 лет назад
early bird
@boyisun
@boyisun 6 лет назад
1:04:36 why does it say *diminished on the screen?
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
孙博一 I was correcting myself - I meant to say diminished even though I said augmented in the video.
@boyisun
@boyisun 6 лет назад
JJay Berthume The interval between E-flat and F-sharp is Augmented second
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 6 лет назад
孙博一 Hey you’re right! My correction was in fact a mistake haha! Brain lapse ;)
@boyisun
@boyisun 6 лет назад
😂
@pavelmanEC
@pavelmanEC 7 месяцев назад
9:30 HAHAHAHAHA
@renematei708
@renematei708 5 лет назад
24:34 Octaves Soprano Bass h c
@JJBerthume
@JJBerthume 5 лет назад
René Matei Keep watching and you’ll see I fix it :)
@sussetygeraldineburgamoren1759
@sussetygeraldineburgamoren1759 3 года назад
deberías poner subtítulos :(
@garrysmodsketches
@garrysmodsketches 4 года назад
I don't understand this interval analysis thing. Doing interval analysis on every measure is like doing road analysis when driving. What intervals you are creating should be in your mind the instant you are ready to set the note in place.
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