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Long Range 101 Part 2 - Cartridge Dynamics - Rex Reviews

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What is the best sniper cartridge / caliber? What is the most effective long range cartridge and load combination? What caliber rifle should I buy for long range shooting? All these questions and more are completely answered in this free online tutorial by TiborasaurusRex. In order to determine which load to use in your long range hunting or sniper rifle, you first need to ask yourself some questions. What is your maximum range going to be? What are you shooting at? How much power will you need to put your target down? This video walks you through a logical breakdown of long range cartridge selection and streamlines your choice elimination procedure. In this video, Rex explains how to find your maximum effective range, your needed remaining energy, and your external ballistic parameters. Rex also discussed ammo availability and the value of standard military cartridge loadings. 5.56 NATO, 7.62 NATO, 50 BMG, .338 Lapua, .300 Win Mag are the current battlefield sniper and rifle cartridges issued commonly by the U.S. Military.
Many of the illustrations and tables used in this video are now available at:
postimage.org/g...
All of the music, illustrations, tables, and photography in this film were created by TiborasaurusRex, an unsigned artist.

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28 авг 2024

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Комментарии : 389

@LionSilverVideos 10 лет назад

Feels like I should be paying for this info. Thanks for all the time you put into helping others :)

@Irishcream216 2 года назад

Going back and watching the entire series again sir. Thank you for providing the education and entertainment.

@TiborasaurusRex 12 лет назад

lol - I actually like that guys stuff, he usually makes a good show. About the "cheap rifle" attitude out there: The sniper rifle with the most confirmed kills in history is still by far the antique 7.62x54mmR M91 Mosin Nagant (which I used to be able to pick up 10 of them for $44 a piece from the bargain bin at the local gun show). Some dudes think their high dollar equipment alone will make them better marksman, they are gravely mistaking. One can build a 1000m system for under $350.

@Njal1966 3 года назад

That was the finnish guy, Häyhä, right? Also, Hetzenauer managed a confirmed kill on 1200 m with a K98 and a 4x-scope. My instructors used to say, that all the high-tech equipment can't make up for training.

@SirGalaEd 10 лет назад

BOY AM I GLAD TO HEAR THAT! I just was given an "old 30-06" deer rifle and I am kind of locked into that cartridge. Now I want to learn how to make the best of it.

@racerxss 5 лет назад

I’m a beginner just found this I’m taking notes and rewatching every video it’s like a addiction thank you very much TiborasaurasRex

@literaryartist1 6 лет назад

Hey shooter. Just wanted to compliment you on how amazing you are behind the scope and behind the camera. The way you dissected the subject and articulated the information, through out the series, is absolutely amazing. Safe shooting.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Rhinos: > .470 NE Behemoths: M47 Dragon Giraffes: .375 H&H Magnum Elephants: > .416 Rigby Etc: ??? >>> .50 BMG should do it.

@A04Goat 9 лет назад

I wanted to say thank you TiborasaurusRex. I've watched almost this whole series over the last couple months and its helped me greatly when i decided to get back into hunting and for getting into LR shooting. I ended up landing on the 7mm Mag for my purposes and not sure i could be happier. Thanks again for a great series and great information!

@crazydave1145 4 года назад

I also went with a 7mm mag & right now I couldn't be happier, it's the only ammo in abundance besides bird shot😉

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

For this comparison chart, I used the so-called "standard" conditions, just to give a basic idea. 100meter zero, 1.5" scope height, 90 deg wind, 0'asl, 29.56inHg, 59 deg F, 50% humidity, etc... Hornady is great. JBM is my favorite free computer ballistic program. :-)

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

No problem. The .243 is a formidable cartridge against deer if the correct projectiles are used. Hope it all works out good for you.

@TiborasaurusRex 7 лет назад

Our Training Schedule: www.rexdefense.com

@matthewford3558 7 лет назад

What is the best source for all of this data?

@niteriderwm 12 лет назад

Part 2 gets an A+...it is important that every " new " viewer of this series review the basics of part 2. All published data is under IDEAL LAB Conditions A+ material and an ATTABOY !

@Southernguitar74 9 лет назад

I am a big fan of 7mm RemMag for the bullet coefficiency, availability, size, weight, etc. This video helped me to better understand the basic fundamentals in selecting the cartridge for me and so far I've been right all along. I was lucky, though, and still have much studying and testing to do. Your video series is exceptional. I am picking up a lot from you generously sharing your knowledge. Thank you.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

The .270 rocks, but I only had so much physical room on the chart.

@TiborasaurusRex 10 лет назад

Levi Vue This chart is not comprehensive but is rather an example of what general characteristics to look for when making your comparisons...there are thousands of cartridges to choose from, the .270 is a good one for sure.

@ThrowingSpoon 10 лет назад

so..what you're saying is that I can make my .308 work for long range?

@TiborasaurusRex 10 лет назад

ThrowingSpoon Certainly - at least out to its maximum effective range :-)

@ThrowingSpoon 10 лет назад

Awesome, I have a Remington 700 LTR with a Vortex PSt 4-16x50 First Focal Plane scope..I'd say I could probably get 1200 yds out of that setup, but I'm not sure how much incapacitation power I will realistically have at that range.

@TrankWithAnR 9 лет назад

ThrowingSpoon The chart and video suggests a 168 grn bullet travelling at ~1,100 fps at that distance.

@xmansv895 9 лет назад

You rock so F'in bad....

@coldgarden_ 9 лет назад

Just wanted to thank you for working so hard making this series. Amazing info for the patriot.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

"Cartridges of the World" a great read indeed!

@larrytrischetti5952 5 лет назад

Great job. You made what i consider a complicated subject easy to follow

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

This data is really only suitable for comparing the different cartridges against each other. If you want to build ballistics tables for shooting, you will have to custom tailor all this stuff to your exact load, rifle, and to the typical atmospheric conditions in your area. Lots more on how to do that coming very soon. But yeah, this data is totally relevant for comparison purposes. hope this is helpful.

@davidjanuszewski5020 10 лет назад

Thank you for this information series, it really makes one re examine their thought pattern and preparedness situation..

@minervius 8 лет назад

I came back because I recommended your playlist to somebody I met at a IPSC match and just watched part 1 and 2 again just for fun :D

@jedediahhoffman9483 8 лет назад

First off I do like you begin your video series with a passage from the good book. Secondly I must say I do appreciate your solid clear and usable sense on a long range subject with so much opinion floating around it's considered fact by many to the point I believe it's doing damage to New to the sport men and women. I won't say I'm an expert anything but watching your videos has changed my thinking on much to do with my firearms and the commen sense I put in to them and I'm excited to put it to practical use. God bless you and thank you for your work here!

@GSDPops 10 лет назад

I'm not sure what it is that you said or showed or did, but something about watching this and your first video made my ballistic calculator click. I honestly had no idea how to a ballistic table, but wow, it's really that simple now. And not only reading it, applying it to my scope as well. Well done, sir, well done.

@SALfromtheisland Год назад

Just started watching the series thank you so much Rex for this information you seem To be very knowledgeable and I trust your work Bless you for all you've done

@gunchief0811 11 лет назад

this is the best class on ballistic co efficient data and how to properly think about the long range accuracy that i have seen since i was in the Marine corps.. this is excellent stuff.

@PARR53 4 года назад

All your videos in the Sniper 101 series kick ass. Love this channel. Good job brother.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Yeah, those seem to work very well, I grew up with Mausers and douglas barrels. Great combo, especially for the money.

@edemere 12 лет назад

Really excellent instructional videos here. The most informative I've found on youtube. Thanks for sharing them. I'd love to hear some discussion on shooting technique.

@xcrycrimson3029 6 лет назад

I'm watching this 4 years later... But I'm watching this because I am getting a 7mm Rem Mag Nosler M48 Liberty. Let's hope these videos work for me as they clearly do everyone else. Some of the best shooting videos that are easy to understand.

@jhudson19956 11 лет назад

I love going back to the beginning of these videos and Seeing where it all stated. This series is very solid. You did a great job on it Rex.

@hushpuppykl 7 лет назад

Great video. Now I understand why something like the 7mm Rem Mag is a nice cartridge.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Good round... the classics never die! If you use the right ammo, this is a formidable choice for LR.

@jlee7811 10 лет назад

It is so hard for a person with ADD to learn stuff like this but totally worth it.

@rainmechanic 10 лет назад

Nice thing about choosing any of the thirty calibers is that it is the most popular bore diameter in the USA.... And as long as you save your empty brass any of the other .30 caliber cartridges can be disassembled (pulled) and the components recycled... Bullets, powders, and primers... 30/06 can be dismantled and everything except the case itself can be used to reload .308 .. Actually even the case can be utilized if you have the patience to cut it down and re establish the shoulder and neck.... 308 rounds can be dismantled and the components recycled to make .300 win mag... all you need is an inertia puller and a reloading press & dies... All in all i think its hard to beat the .308 as your first long range chambering...

@RichWalk11 11 лет назад

I'd add to what Rex says in that if someone were committed enough to go to such lengths then there is an entire internet full of information already available. Respect from the UK

@jrgrey2000 8 лет назад

Awesome tutorials thank you ..with talking to my military friends as well as the videos online. I have decided based on the best choices in weapons and ammo I'm going to go with the 7mm Rem Mag for my long distance shooting.

@READaConstitution 11 лет назад

Thank you for making all these videos in your series. This is the first time I have seen applicaple instruction on how to shoot long range.

@MADXBLU 4 года назад

Holy sh*t this is gold! Thank you for the Sniper 101 vids. I just started your playlist Sniper 101 and I’m loving it! Will check out the rest of your vids. Subscribed 👍

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Yes, sir. The cartridge is not the limiting factor in these cases, but is usually rather your rifle and ammo selection. If you have a good shooting rifle and are using good quality ammo matched to it - the these cartridges should do just fine out to their maximum supersonic ranges.

@fijillian 9 лет назад

Great video series. Starting from episode one I hope I can catch up to the latest episode soon.

@TiborasaurusRex 12 лет назад

22-250 is one of my favorite purpose built varmint cartridges, but it is not designed for what we would consider long range applications. Its high MV gives it a nice flat trajectory at close to medium ranges, but at longer range, the projectile's low ballistic coefficients cause it to decelerate very very quickly making for poor long range ballistic performance. Even though its a limited cartridge for LR use, these videos will still help you to milk every last inch out of your max range :-)

@grahlaika 24 дня назад

Fantastic video series! Just found it.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

That would be an excellent platform. There is absolutely no need to re-equip. The only thing is that we will be laying prone for most of our shooting and the .300 WBY kicks a bit - so I would recommend putting in a liquid-mercury recoil-suppressor. This is NOT a muzzle break - it is a tube of liquid mercury that fits inside the buttstock where you don't see it. It tames the recoil down very well and it doesn't produce the muzzle blast like a break does. Add the correct scope & that's it.

@TiborasaurusRex 12 лет назад

Howdy. Great question! Although unfamiliar to many, ft/lbs has long been the standard unit for energy measurement in studies of projectile ballistics. Like many units of measurement, I personally would have preferred something more universal, but this is the standard unit of energy measurement in this subfield of physics.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Yeah, the external dimensions are pretty much identical so they will fit in the chamber like normal, however the thicker case dimensions (in the neck particularly) will develope higher pressures if 5.56x45mm is used in a .223 chamber. Its not always a hugely noticeable pressure increases unless a guy pays very close attention to his brass and primers for pressure signs. There is a lot of good information out there where you can read about this in full detail. Peace.

@inspectyerbooty 9 лет назад

other then firearm safety, i think i just learned some of the most important facts, about rifles and the decision making process, that i ever will learn, thx. much respect from me to you and to your inspiration or instructor that guided you in firearms education and training.

@brink2253 3 года назад

"Someone using a 30-06 with an old deer rifle.." me: learning with my old issued springfield 1903

@TiborasaurusRex 10 лет назад

External ballistic data at that range will vary considerably based on atmospheric density and the exact load being utilized, so its possible our data will vary significantly. Thanks for watching, sir.

@lborges1313 9 лет назад

Thank you very much for your videos! Narrative is awesome so easy to picture and understand! Big shout out from Brazil! Keep videos coming!

@lk6826 4 года назад

It's been a long time since I have watched and listen to one of your postings. I relocated to the Philippines and since I am not allowed to own any firearms I dropped you. I forget that you do other videos and now back. My archery skills have gotten really great. But most of all. God has given me a great family. God is number 1 in our home. I want to say thank you.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

She's a hot one with excellent ballistic performance. Would be great for a LR hunting rifle if you can keep your rate of fire low. She's a little harsh on barrels if you run her too hot. If can you shoot one and rest for a while, they work awesome.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Good question... Those are simply different bullet model designations. You can google each one for all the details in the world on their overall construction and intended applications :-) For example: "Sierra BTHP" is reffering to a Sierra (bullet brandname) BTHP (Boat Tail Hollow Point).

@oleironhead1367 9 лет назад

Very nice video series! Thanks a ton for spending the time to put all this together for us. I'm learning a ton.

@TheEdibben 10 лет назад

Great series of videos for all skill levels. Thank you for posting these, you do excellent work!

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Both are excellent, but for the primary purpose of LR target shooting, the 6.5x284 may be worth a serious look. 7mm will have more power, but the 6.5 may get you there more efficiently for target shooting.

@TiborasaurusRex 12 лет назад

No problem, man. I hope you enjoy it.

@Snurre86 8 лет назад

If you decide to update or change this video, we in Scandinavia would appreciate it if you include 6.5x55mm and also mention how many bullets each barrel can take before you start to see inaccuracy. I understand you might not have first hand knowledge and there for don't want to add it.

@jl8628 6 лет назад

Your approach is good. I feel kind of stuck on .308 with a number of rifles and a good supply of ammo. I like standardization. Perhaps I'll just limit myself to one cartridge.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Although the BCs vary considerably depending on which load you are shooting, most of the military 7.62x54R projectiles are very good for LR applications. BCs are typically in the mid to upper .400s, which is pretty good. 7N1 ammo may be the best option for LR shooting. Other military ammo batches can vary significantly, many are great, but some are really bad - so be picky when choosing ammo.

@zipitydoda2000 3 года назад

Rex your info is Tops! Keep up the Lord's work too! Awesome!

@hamikesagholian6808 10 лет назад

i have been watching your videos for long time they are very complete and educational simply the best thank you

@SteveM0732 10 лет назад

The recent shortages have shown just how important the "ammo availability" column is if you depend on running to the store for ammo in a widespread emergency. Category "A" was about all that could be depended on and only recently has some of the "C" become started becoming more available again. Also take note which reloading components manufacturers have stopped producing in order to focus on their more popular offerings. Hornady maintains a list of what they are currently producing.

@LG396 12 лет назад

We're all in joules here in Europe. Interesting to use ft/lbs for energy instead of pressure. Your lifting analogy is interesting as I would never have thought of it that way. I always imagined it would be lbs of pressure applied over a foot area, but that would have to be squared so is probably wrong. BTW, BEST TUTORIAL ON THE INTERNET! And compliments on your abilities and dedication. But, you really don't have to talk like a robot Matthew ;)

@TiborasaurusRex 12 лет назад

Thanks for the commentary, man. The help is much appreciated.

@harisarif 10 лет назад

You sir are amazing .! I just asked three other people to subscribe to your channel !

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Great question. They are ALMOST the same thing. 5.56x45mm NATO cases have thicker dimensions in critical areas and can result in higher pressures if fired from a .223 chamber which is a little tighter than the 5.56 chamber. You can shoot .223 in a 5.56 chamber w/o a problem, but not the other way around. That’s the quick explanation. Peace.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

I think so, you can test it and see. My Ruger has a real weak twist and it launches A-Maxs like a champ.

@dangelini1137 3 года назад

Excellent presentation.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Thats a great cartridge and it should have a nice and mild recoil - concerning your injuries. A 6.5 is a great choice for LR deer/goats/sheep. The .243 would work fine as well, but 6.5 might be a little better for LR hunting.

@TiborasaurusRex 10 лет назад

Depends on the selection criteria for your mission. For LR hunting - totally depends on the game For purely military/WWIII/Red Dawn/COWC type apps, .308 is great. For Extreme LR precision target shooting, 338 LM or .408 CT would rock.

@FirstNameLastName-pl7fm 11 лет назад

Thanks Rex! "Etc: ??? >>> .50 BMG should do it." - this is a good one! Good bless!

@LG396 12 лет назад

Interesting. Looking forward to putting that to the test. I bought a small tent I could lay down in and shoot out of today so I could get some more trigger time in the pouring rain we've been having here :)

@Bog2901 11 лет назад

Interesting to see how bullets use the same aerodynamic optimizing techniques that cars do with the boat tail, which is also known as a kammback for cars. The boat tail pretty much "tricks" the airflow around the bullet into flowing like it was much longer at the same angle that the back is at, thus making it a lot more aerodynamic without having to add weight.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

The list of optical parameters needed to successfully participate in this shooting discipline are discussed later on in the series. Eye relief (short or long) is not one of our limiting parameters. As long as the scope tracks with 100% precision 100% of the time, it should work.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Limited penetration can be very helpful in certain LE scenarios where hostages may be close by, in those apps, a .22-250 with violently fragmenting limited penetration type varmint bullets may be a great choice. However, in those situations, anything over 150 to 200m would be irresponsible in my opinion. You will need a 100% certainty of your exact POI before you shoot in hostage or urban LE situations and a .22-250 or even a slightly larger cartridge won't deliver that beyond those ranges.

@alainahogan2727 6 лет назад

Kick Ass, Watching all these and Taking Notes. Thanks TRex

@Doc6mm 12 лет назад

Great vid and series brother! I total agree I have been using a 243 with handloaded Berger 105gr vld or a 105 amax with 41grains hodgens 4350 mv 2900ft/sec and it seems to do great for extended range on deer (525yds my furthest on deer, 675 coyote)

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

If you watch the original video and crank it up, you can hear the ding. The dust is peripheral splash from bullet disintegration.

@boltsboy619 9 лет назад

please note when watching this video about ballistic coefficients "no disrespect Rex i am a big fan of your videos" That ballistic coefficients can change with reference to (1) Altitude (2) Temperature (3) Atmospheric Pressure (4) Relative Humidity........ I just wanted to point those areas of facts out for everyone so there is no confusion from what Rex is presenting. the topic of long range shooting I consider to be 800 meters or more is very and extremely comprehensive and the topic of Ballistic Coefficients can go on for days. just thought id throw that in there Rex..

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Yes, sir. That’s just the shortened 'vernacular' for the cartridge.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Yes, sir. You need to zap them in the brain or in the neck if you are at close range. Body hits on large game with these bullets offer less than reliable penetration. The 6mm A-Max like to fragment especially at higher velocities. Once they slow down considerably, they hold together a little better, but not reliably. A-Maxs are primarily target bullets. I would strongly recommend the Berger VLDs if you want to humanely zap whitetails at long range with the .243s.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

If its factory loaded 7.62 NATO, yeah - it could have too much pressure in a tight .308 WIn chamber. If you are reloading, you can use the NATO case if you cut back on the load a bit and carefully watch your pressure.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Would totally depend on your applications. For extreme range shooting, the .338 LM would be vastly superior; for a handy, easy handling tactical carbine rifle with cheaper ammo, th .308 would be vastly superior. Because of this - I picked both ;-)

@Nperez1986 8 лет назад

Thanks so MUCH for going over the B.C. I never knew how it mattered before. Now I understand (looked at my 7.62x54, 148g FMJ w/ a B.C. of .478 compared to the Mausers 8mm of only .354 w/a 170gr SP)...not sure why SPEER on the 8mm has a better B.C. with their 150g SP compared to the 170gr SP...then the 200gr SP has a B.C. of .411...maybe thy mixed up their numbers...I figured the heavier the bullet the straighter it's path over long distance.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

The 75 grain A-MAX might be pretty well suited for that. You'll have to see if you can get it to shoot, but that's what i would try.

@TiborasaurusRex 12 лет назад

Its a really goofy measurement that works like this: If you have 4,700 ft/lbs of energy that means the raw force of the impact is powerful enough to 'lift' 4,700 pounds of weight straight up (vertically) exactly 1 foot. Of course that’s not what would really happen as the bullet would usually penetrate the target and not 'lift' it up at all, but that’s how that measurement works.

@captainpegs07 11 лет назад

Thanks Rex! I prefered Berger's in my 17Rem, till I went with a 1/9 barrel and switched to the 30gr Golds :) I never used the vld's but I'll try them out. I see the twist requirements will limit me to the 95gr. After burying attention with sub-cals for the last 15 years, I'm re-exploring the big bore 243 :) Thanks again from the flat lands of sw MN!

@jamesw4850 11 лет назад

Wow what a great video. I really like the way you present your information. Thanks!

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

No standard, just try to find the best load that works well in your particular rifle. Most reloading manuals will give you some good 'accuracy loads' that seem to work well in a wide variety of rifles, that can be a good place to start - then tweak it as you go.

@TiborasaurusRex 12 лет назад

Very nice. My first deer was taken with a 6mm Rem with a 100 grain Speer SP at about 390 meters. That actually was the farthest I've dropped a deer with a 6mm. I shot many prairie dogs with my .243 win way farther than that, but never a deer.

@raulrrodriguez7552 11 лет назад

Like your background music on top of all the good info, great job.

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Be sure to watch my LR optical parameters videos before you get a scope for your SKS. There are a few things to consider concerning the recoil on the military semi-auto actions before an optics purchase. :-)

@geico1975 4 года назад

WOW! Simply check out the list "Potential Long-Range Cartridges Compared" near the end, and IMO the .243 Winchester would be the way to go:)

@robertdurbin85 3 года назад

from your spread sheets I am coming to the conclusion the 7mm rem mag or the 7mm rum is the way to go when you go with affordability and availability. I used to be a 308 fanatic but the more I learn the more I come to the conclusion that it is all hype on that round with little performance to back it up. I will definitely be comparing the 7's with the 6.5 creed more very soon to see if the 6.5 can give the 7 a run for its money

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

Yeah, that could be a problem... be sure to reference the Carver Matrix for target prioritization of missile system components based on their vulnerability and system criticality should you ever have to neutralize your neigbor's SCUD.

@MittenStateOutside 7 лет назад

love ur vids man keep it up i just purchased a 110 fcp 338 lapua to build , you should offer classes lol for people to come shoot out in the big country

@adventure95004 12 лет назад

Great video, really looking forward to watching and learning more. I have only shot out to 300 so much of this is information I have not had to really consider before. Thanks andy

@LKN4WAR 11 лет назад

One thing that is odd right now is how readily available the odd calibers are compared to common military and comercial ones. So in times of panic like now uncommon are more likely to be on retail shelves.

@iorek4149 5 лет назад

I need to live in an area where .50 BMGs are "A" - widely available...

@TiborasaurusRex 11 лет назад

A-Max bullets may be better for target shooting. I would get some A-Max bullets and do some load development. that should give you pretty good long range performance.