Make Your Own Raycaster Part 3 

I just added this v3 code to my github! I still recommend following along with the video but the code is available to help you!

I think you should make a shorter part 4 implementing a UI and making levels bigger, and then move on to actual 3D

Hey, you actually should explain the 'large constant', 108.0 in your case for the sprites drawing. The rest of your tutorial is excellent !

Stoked to see a part 3! Fantastic editing as usual! Your explanations of code where you show it incomplete and "break" it on purpose to show a next step where you fix it in a sort of iterative way is super helpful as a learner. I agree with other commenters that UI would be a great next video. Also your cat is so cute, not that that needs to be stated but love all the cat pics and animations.

Thank you, this was an awesome tutorial! I have done this all before in the past, but I really enjoyed how you took us on a journey from start to finish on a raycasting engine.

Can't wait for part 4!

Finally a part 3!

This is so awesome. It's all the information I need to hopefully implement this in Java. Cheers for the amazing series :)

This upload was a Blessing from the Sage

GIMP can export to a .C source file of RGB arrays, so you didn't need to do the text editor work

I've spent the last week trying to cobble together a ray caster using disparate tutorials and I kept running into problem after problem. miraculously, your series noted and corrected each problem I was running into. amazing. thank you. wolfenstein clone, here I come

This video being released made my day :) Also, the parts with the cat are cute.

Following along to this tutorial has been great! I laughed way too hard at the 'water' sponsor. I really enjoyed this. Thank you.

Long waited episode! Thank you, amazing video

This is high quality content that deserves _all_ the views.

How was that "108" number in the sprite screen coordinates calculation derived. That whole projection doesn't work for me and I cant figure out the maths behind it

The only RU-vid that can make air look like a drug. Great tutorial!

Ooooooh man I've been waiting for this. Awesome.

I haven't watched yet, but I'm so excited to see it posted I just had to say thanks. I followed the first two, but coded in a different language, forcing myself to actually write and understand the code.

yes! this seems like everything i wanted to do myself but better!

this is great thanks so much for taking the time to make this

Thanks a ton for this!

This guy deserves a lot more than this

You make great content. Earned subscribe. Good job! Raycasters always fascinated me but I don't have the skills to create one myself :(

We need a tutorial to add music in it. (MIDI/Tracker music)

wow I'm glad I found this channel

I love your channel!

Do more like this. I want to see you make some crazy bots, but make larger levels

Very nice! If you do decide to do OpenGL, I think an important aspect of that which is not often covered which leads to problems is how data is represented in code and most importantly, the need to have a camera. I will often see old code with things like heightmaps which read them in at runtime and then the player's point of view is represented by three separate variables etc. Where as storing the levels 3D data before runtime and having a proper camera which represents the player's point of view is vital when it comes to optimizing things later on (like frustum culling etc which needs that camera's point of view, rotations etc). Seen LOTS of bad tutorials in the past. It would be interesting to see a series on a modern 3D engine, starting off simple and adding to it over time in future episodes.

Would love a raycasting part4 and definitely want to see a quake style 3d series.

I feel dumb not realizing that the 158 for the floor code was a magic number. You literally said it. Took me weeks to figure it out

bruh finally, i was waiting for this

thanks for these 3 tutorials perhaps add water, powers (force push, run). Maybe it's even feasable to add floors.

yay part 3

I definetly think there should be a part 4, with shooting and I dunno something else. There should also be a video about porting it to the gba Edit: or other consoles, i found that using libgl2d and the nds is easy, and another suggestion is adding multiple layers for the raycasting, so we can have taller rooms.

I once made my own format that a similar thing as PPM (didn't know PPM existed) that you could also choose the width and height in pixels of the final image. The difference it is gives a 6 digit hex code for each of the colours. Even after using base 226 (most unique characters I could get into a text file), the output file would end up much larger than the original image.

Here I am, currently trying to implement half height blocks lol It's very hard to get the floor/ceiling piece to show at the right height and have the right shape. I'll work it out eventually, but if you ever happen to make a part 4, that + taller levels would be lovely. Also annoying to make. But lovely.

I love the video. Id love to see the implementation of the ray caster on some obsucre and underpowered hardware, like raspberry pi pico, or maybe even something like esp32, with those cheapo spi displays + maybe implement touch functionality or add buttons to make super tiny console!. EDIT: I jsut watched your newest video on Thumby, love it

Very nice series - thanks! It's amazing how much effect you create with how little code. And love your cat of course!! If you ever make a part 4 I'd definitely watch it :) Two questions haunt me and make me pull out my hair: 1. how do you derive the magic number 158? I notice the hint about half the screen width divided by tangent of half the fov, but then still I get results that aren't even near 158... 2. similarly, where does the large constant 108 come from in the projecting of the sprites ?

yes yes! YES! ITS HERE

adding noise to the pixel art is the most cursed thing i have seen in game dev tutorials

Return of the Legend!

Make a part 4! It really looks like Wolfenstein, but you need to add tables, slopes, polygons, decorations, etc. I hope you'll make a part 4.

I would definitely love to see you continue this series, and eventually move to a 3D engine. So, I want it all. Your videos are far too informative and entertaining to think otherwise. ☺️

Hell yeah I want a big fat actual 3d renderer tutorial

have a Part 4 with directional Sprites and see through walls? this is AMAZING!

Love the cat!

It would be so awesome if there was a Baldi's Basics remake in the raycaster engine, would make more sense too since Baldi is inspired by edutainment games from the 90s that used it

Finally!!!!!!

I just watched Dr. Sleep and that “Air commercial” takes on a whole different meaning after seeing that.

Pure gold.

I would love to see you programming your own 3d engine from scratch. I have tried it myself and I think it would be really interesting to see you doing it.

I have been following your ray caster series from the beginning....and i hope you contiune with a part 4. I have been wondering how to get higher resoluaiton textures without crushing the frame rate put this is my first intro to raycasting so i am happy just to get the basics working:)

Yes I love it get MORE sponsors

Although this series is good for beginners, there's a bunch of things in this tutorial that I think could be improved if you ever decide to revisit this topic or just do other tutorials in general: - There's a lot of telling the viewer to do stuff, but not actually explaining why or how. I think it's important to teach the viewer what the code they're writing actually does, instead of just making them blindly follow the instructions. - There's a lot of hardcoding here. This doesn't allow for scaling this tutorial too much. - You're using outdated libraries and standards like Glut and legacy OpenGL code. - Why not use a proper code editor like VSCode that can actually detect errors in your code and show them to you? - You should also work on how you name your variables.

i think you should do 1 or 2 more parts, making UI and making weapons and an inventory.

@3DSage I loved it! I followed along using SDL2 instead of OpenGL (out of lazyness 😅): works like a charm... Except for sprites and floor moved in the opposite direction but it was an easy fix... I already peeked into the making doom series and I would love to see this BSP thing happen!

These tutorials have been very helpful, and I look forward to seeing how to make a 3D game!

I can't wait for the chair sponsorship.

I really appreciate this series of videos, I've always wanted to understand the basics of graphics programming. I've made games using game engines in the past, but this is exactly the style and speed of video I needed to get my feet wet

can you do more about this like maybe do how we play with lighting or how we make things fade in or out as we walk up to them. Also doing how to implement things like a gun just look in doom. Also how do we increase the resoloution like you said at the end of the video? How do we make inclines? Think theres tons more you can teach us about this!

I'm implementing my own raycast system in a 2dgame engine, thanks for the help!

Wow, this was so awesome. 😯 What do you think would be needed to make a similar raycaster for DOS?

Hello! If I remember correctly, GIMP is able to export to C source and header files directly. I have used that feature a lot.

Let's gooooo

what exactly is "a large constant" on the line in drawSprite function that reads (sx*108.0/sy)+(120/2) I get that (120/2) is suppose to give you the center of the screen, if you wanted (sx*108.0/sy)+(120/2) to give you an object in the middle of the screen then (sx*108.0/sy) should yield zero, however if I'm trying to scale this up to different resolutions I can't figure out what 108.0 is, no value I try to swap it out for seems to work

Your sponsor is very funny :)

great video! But does anyone know how did he pick the "large constant" 108 while drawing the sprite?

This was amazing. Thank you for blowing my mind. I always thought game engines were literal wizardry. You put assets into this magical Horadric cube, and out come all the assets in the right places for a game. Now I understand it is all maths and programming. Really appreciated

I would love to see variable height walls & floors. and animated textures like water or lava for a floor.

This video is soooo wonderful (just as always), although I do have a small suggestion: It would be really nice if you can write a simple tool to allow dragging a bunch of .bmp files into a batch file and do the conversion (including making them arrays). I wrote a simple multi-threaded script using Python and a batch file to pass the file directories as arguments but it uses Python and a two 3rd party libraries so it's not very fast to setup for non-Python people... (btw: You make the BEST tutorial videos ever, I've never felt so comfortable learning stuffs in C)

Maybe is too much for the next episode, but i sould love to see how to make levels with more complex rooms, not only a grid like wolfestein, but something more like doom (but a lot more simple). I love this videos, thanks for sharing your knowledge with us!

Buen video 👌

Please add these things to part4: Ui, Shooting, Lifes, Bigger levels, Score

When I saw the air sponsor, I was relieved that it wasnt a comercial for drinking hydrogen peroxide

thanks for Tutorial, Please make console Logging system, if you make to Part 4

I’m so excited for air.. does it come with a case? lol

came for the cat, stayed for the cat❤

Ayyy i'm in the video

Lived the wham song...

We want guns in part 4!! and UI! :D

man..you are killing me with the heightH haha

Part 4 :D

Raycaster Part 4 please

YES!

im implementing this on a simple 2D enemy

is there any way to embed or include glut into the program? not sure if people really want to download other programs to make a program work

Add a textured slabs and a raycaster-only screen please!

oh and maybe height and stairs! Like doom! In part 4

I think you should make a part 4 showing how to implement "thin" walls/doors. For example, you'll notice that in Wolfenstein 3d, doors were halfway into the tile.

yo, as a complete beginner in both c++ and opengl. i'm wondering how would you go about making the game fullscreen and stuff. adding weapons, making enemies shoot you and creating a menu.

It's called "magenta" btw. Great video!

Any chance of there being a part 4 of this series?

I wish you had a tutorial on ray marching

I would love to see Quake on GBA!

The whole gimp and notepad thing would be so easy to do in the terminal.

I'd love to see this on gba, or even ds

How to create constants and functions to use custom resolution? When I try to change it bigger than 960px for example 1366*768 the floors and walls lose the sync.. Also I want to use 64x64 size textures,. If I want to increase the texture width, I need more rays? RAYS_NUMS=SCREENWIDTH/8; RAYS_STEP=60/RAYS_NUM; formula for 2*158?

How about multi-level building or stairs, I wonder if it's could be done using this method