Motion Under Gravity | Free Fall 

Which Ball will hit the Ground First? Light or Heavy Ball?
Let's learn about Motion Under Gravity and Free Fall!
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Motion under gravity and free fall are two related concepts in physics that describe the motion of objects near the surface of the Earth when only the force of gravity is acting on them.
Motion under gravity refers to the motion of an object when the only force acting on it is the force of gravity. On the surface of the Earth, this force is directed downward, toward the center of the Earth. The object may have an initial velocity or be at rest, but gravity causes it to accelerate in the downward direction. The mathematical description of such motion can be done using the equations of motion, and the key characteristics of motion under gravity include acceleration due to gravity (usually denoted as 'g'), velocity, time of flight, and the maximum height reached (if the object is projected upward).
Free fall is a specific case of motion under gravity where an object is dropped from a certain height or released from rest, and it falls under the sole influence of gravity. During free fall, the only force acting on the object is the gravitational force, and it accelerates at a constant rate of approximately 9.8 m/s² near the surface of the Earth (this value may vary slightly with location and altitude). The motion of an object in free fall is characterized by the following:
- Constant acceleration due to gravity (g).
- The object's initial velocity is usually zero.
- The object accelerates downward at a rate of g.
- The velocity of the object increases with time.
- The object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.
Free fall is a fundamental concept in physics and is often used to explain and analyze a wide range of phenomena, including the motion of objects dropped from heights, the behavior of objects in free-fall experiments, and the motion of celestial bodies influenced by gravity.
It's important to note that in a vacuum, where there is no air resistance, all objects in free fall, regardless of their mass, fall at the same rate due to gravity. This principle is famously demonstrated by dropping a feather and a hammer on the Moon, where there is no significant atmosphere to create air resistance. Both objects fall at the same rate, as predicted by the laws of motion under gravity.
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