Mount Tambora: The Year Without a Summer 

Could you make a video about fred Hampton?

“First time I forgot to press record” lmao me

I love that shirt

The VEI index goes up to 8

You should do a geographics or side projects video on Camp Century and Operation Iceworm, the US Cold War experiment to have a nuclear powered ICBM base inside a Greenland Glacier

Interesting, thanks for the info

Necessity is the mother of invention.

I guess the invention blows up

Tambora trigger everyone to survive, so nature is the one who make us adapt

Also because riding the horses became extremely expensive

😵

When I watched St. Helens blow its cap off I was stunned but the Tambora truely makes St. Helens look like a wet fart

@@miliba hot fart. Only makes sense. Hehe

To lose almost 30% of the height seems a bit excessive in how much power that would take.

I release more Sulphur than 1815.

And booted the US out of its Clark and Subic bases! And that eruption was at most just 1/10th the power of Tambora!

No joke. I myself just live in the vicinity of that sort of volcano. Indonesians ans volcanoes are sort of like *dog and postman* situation.

OMG 😨 And I wanted to go to the Philippines to get laid. Not sure sex is worth it while drowning in lava.

toba will not produce another supermassive eruption, though

I was in Manila on the day Mt Pinatubo erupted in 1991. By 3pm the next day it was dark as night; so much ash in the air that it was difficult to see traffic lights🚦 from the street.

only once every a few centuries, thankfully most eruptions are not deadly

@@Lut28 No one us typing here is in the position to make such statement simply because the deadly eruptions ( we had many, not of the same magnitude of Tambora, but deadly still) often happened in " some far away land that no one cares about". Another reason why we cannot state that " most eruptions aren't deadly" is because we haven't whitnessed one. YET. A quick reminder of how flawed is your stament is the very much deadly eruption of what was left of Krakatoa...End of 2018. Not 3 centuries ago. Not to mention Pinatubo, Mount St. Helen and many other very deadly eruptions that happened just in the last 50 years.

@@RejectedInch i was referring to the original comment, eruptions causing "population bottleneck and summerless year". by deadly i mean "that" deadly. sry if it wasn't clear enough

*population bottleneck or summer less year

@@RejectedInch Now makes me wonder whether my country's population reached bottleneck that time or had a colder summer...

Ty for the timestamps.. the mid roll ads one is especially useful

thank you

Cool story. 😊

Great history passed through the generations. Awesome!

You don’t plant anything

Nice fishermans tale

NIce relatable history lesson.

Mt. Rinjani is also interesting, as its twin volcano, Mt. Samalas also had a freak eruption in 1257 which had caused so much death that it caused people in London to bury their dead in mass graves, a practice that would become continent-wide a century later with the coming of the plague. There's a really great documentary about a group of researchers trying to find out what phenomena was responsible for the mass death at the time where they trace the mountain off of only ash samples in Greenland and Antarctica, I'll try to link it if I find it. Edit: I couldn't link it as youtube tries to delete my reply when I put links in. It's titled NOVA - Killer Volcanoes - Season 44 Episode 16 on youtube though.

Rinjani is another nasty volcano on that island.

And then, I want Simon to tell us about Toba, which blew HER top (never piss off a female volcano) around 72,000 years ago and nearly wiped every one of our ancestors off the face of the earth. In terms of volcanic particles spewed into the atmosphere (an estimated six billion tons of sulphur dioxide), Toba was far larger than Tambora and nearly made an ash of humanity's future. According to the genetic bottleneck theory, it's believed our species survived in tiny pockets of "civilization" and some estimate everyone alive today came from one of 500 fertile women. AND THEY WEREN'T WHITE!! So racists can stop with the smug attitudes about their pretty white skin, because great great (etc. etc.) grandma was from South Africa or India. Suck on THAT, Stephen Miller!

Ok t RX

Thanks

@@krisaaron5771 Oh boy,,its hard to keep track of all the volcanoes, massive floods from melting glaciers and other disasters. The one you mention I'm not familiar with so I'll look into it. Thanks for the tip. I've said for years we are one or two good sized volcanoes away from unthinkable disaster. And it could happen tomorrow. Last week I learned of a new to me extinction event so massive it poisoned the oceans as well as land. The event layer was so distinct, a solid black stripe. The scientists said there were fossils below the stripe and fossils above the stripe. No fossils in the stripe, just total devastation. A volcano event so catastrophic as to poison all the earth's oceans killing 80% of water species. I forget the age of this event but it was longer than 70,000 years.

@@krisaaron5771 you had me until you went crazy sjw

why did i see "v" from v for vendetta conducting this symphony in my mind

@@j-bob_oreo YESSSSSS

@@Joe_Potts amazing

From pp to fffffffffffffff real fast

Plot twist: It was singing the Anvil Chorus.

Not sure about the "year" part but I giggled so it counts ;)

Well yes, but actually yes.

I read it that way too

Underrated comment!

Look it up on Google maps satellite view - you can see it from some distance up, the crater is about 6 to 7 km across.

It really is. The crazy part is that volcanoes can eject way more as well. Like Taupo around 26,500 years ago erupted more than 1,100 cubic kilometers which is amazing

3/4 of a mile of a mountain pulverized, blasted to ash. Even if I saw it from a "safe" distance I still could not fathom the sheer power needed to blow it apart.

@@LuvBorderCollies Yeah, I'd just be in awe. Hopefully I'd remember to film it haha

It may have had a rhyolite, dacite, or andesite mixing with basalt below making a huge gas and magma implosion. Otherwise beware of salt water or hydrothermal eruptions, other unpredictable one.

Remember: The most powerful nuclear bomb we've ever built is only 1/16 as powerful as Tambora's eruption was

r/im14andthisisdeep

Fukn Oath

@@DominicNJ73 well I mean, he IS right after all. Human will go extinct just as the dinosaurs did, but the earth will stay until it gets eaten by the sun

Considering the pace of human technology its going from a certainty to a posibility.

@@gotanon8958 are technology is getting better but the actual human species is getting worse and unhealthier

reply about Simon doing cocaine

No, seriously how many does he have? Today I Found Out, Geographics, Biographics, SideProjects, and what else?

@@A7XFan800 Top Tenz was the first, Business Blaze is the new up-and-comer, The Casual Criminalist is his podcast, Megaprojects (you know sideprojects and not that?), his newest one Xplrd, and Highlight History, which is kind of dead now I think, it gets a couple new videos whenever they remember it exists or something.

8 channels.. geographics..biographics.. infographics..mega projects..side projects.. the casual criminal. Business blaze.. TopTenz... I can't think of any others

@@A7XFan800 geographics..biographics..

the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, just guys being dudes

Pestilence, apparently 😂😂😂 😳

Honestly if Simon says that hes this immortal ancient being i wont be suprised

He WISHES he was my friend!

Well we're all familiar with pestilence now, aren't we? Major Pandemic every 102 years: Cholera of 1816 (caused by sudden cooling) that helped dismantle the British empire. Swine Flu Pandemic of 1918 arrived 102 yrs later, and then our happy friend 'Rona visited us starting in 2020. Coincidence?

Communism isn’t a modern system or government

@@SAOrules It is and it isn't. The idea of Communism certainly dates way back. But it wasn't really utilized until the 20th Century, when Russia tried it. So from a practicality standpoint, it kind of IS a modern system of government. Just not one that is seen as terribly reliable these days.

@@shindari there have been multiple societies through the centuries which have tried, and failed, with communism. Even the original mayflower charter was basically communism and probably far closer to true communism than the USSR. It failed very quickly, and the charter was abandoned.

I'd say that's coincidental.

​@@Zorro9129 Watch the video, and you'll see that it's more than just coincidental. Tambora triggered a lot of the changes that would ultimately turn the world into the world we know today. Without that eruption, and its' changing of the Earth's climate, we'd be living right now in an entirely different world than the one we know.

Please do.

Can’t wait till she throws Yellowstone at us

@@Smaug555 God knows how much more can it do

@@Smaug555 bruh why are u saying u can't wait for yellowstone u know yellowstone makes the tambora eruption look like a firecracker

Oh, while at it. Let me give you a background story of the name Tambora. The name consists of "ta" which means "invite" and "mbora" which means "to disappear", combined meaning "an invitation to disappear". The story goes that there was an almighty Buddhist monk meditated there and he finally reached moksa, his soul and body disappeared becoming one with the mountain. After the event, people often see him wandering around appearing as ghosts for those who are able to see. That's why the mountain is called "Tambora".

I would love to see a video about Thera

First, yes, I am aware I am a year late. But this is worth saying. ... It is not accurate that Thera/Santorini erupts only once every 20k years. It has had several small eruptions in the last 200 years alone! Most recently in 1950. The thing is, it takes a long time to rebuild a large and structurally unstable magma chamber for a caldera forming eruption. That does indeed take tens of thousands of years. In the meantime, volcanoes like Thera continue with normal, small to medium sized volcanic eruptions. Many of them are even effusive, aka lava flows with little ash emission. We have a few clues to what is going on underneath Thera, and it's not great news. The first is its history of large caldera forming eruptions - 180,000 years BP (Before Present), 70,000BP, 21,000BP and of course, 3600BP. Yes, this is more common with time, but that doesn't actually mean anything on its own - this can be highly random. We need more information. The second clue is that those younger eruptions have built a new island roughly in the center of the caldera. That isn't normal for post-collapse calderas, normally the central magma system is totally destroyed and future eruptions come up around the edges of the caldera, with little to no activity from the true center. In Thera's case, that means that the central part of the magma system was not destroyed by the 1600BCE eruption. Indeed, this is the case for the previous caldera events there too. This is a very resilient volcano, and that is very bad news for us. And the third clue is the lava that it erupts. It is thick, so viscous that it cannot flow effectively and often builds up into big heaps of lava - called lava domes. This is perhaps the worst piece of news, because these types of magma are very good at trapping gas that results in intense explosive eruptions. So, if we look at a typical magma supply rate for this kind of volcano at 0.1 to 0.01km^3 per thousand years on average, Thera should be nowhere near ready to have another caldera forming eruption but if that were true it shouldn't have had the magma supply to do what we know it did in 1600BC. So, this basic assumption about supply cannot be correct for Thera. It must be far higher than that. But we can still take volume erupted divided by time to get a useful number for this. There is precedent for this kind of insane supply rate in the Mediterranean. Etna is 2.9km^3 per 1k years. If Santorini's magma supply rate increases to even a tenth of that, we have a big, big problem on our hands considering its tendency to produce highly explosive eruptions. Some basic math reveals it isn't just over a tenth of that, but it must be at least half of Etna's supply rate. For some perspective on how insane this is, Etna's magma supply rate is as high as the supply rate for some entire volcanic arcs! And if Santorini is at half of that, the Greek islands around it are a poor place to invest in real estate. Greece is too corrupt, and monitoring mostly underwater volcanoes too difficult, to get good and decisive answers for exactly how dangerous this volcano is. But we can come to some conclusions anyways: - This is a volcano that is capable of highly explosive and extremely voluminous eruptions with Mediterranean-wide impacts, and potentially global impacts. - It has an apparently enormous magma supply rate. At 18k years to build up 30km^3, this must be a minimum of 1.6km^3 per 1000 years. More than 10x higher than what you'd expect. - Its central conduit has survived all of its previous caldera collapses, meaning a new one does not need to be built for another cataclysmic eruption. - It will probably do another large caldera forming eruption again, but it probably isn't ready yet. It likely needs to build up magma for at least a few thousand more years for that. However, in the meantime, large eruptions are still possible. They just are unlikely to be cataclysmic. For now.

The eruption of Thera inspired the tale of the destruction of Atlantis recorded by Plato.

Nah, I didn't remember reading this during my school years too. But eh, too many things hidden and watered down in our school edition's history books.

I don’t recall this either. I found a lot of history class to not be contextual enough. You have to imagine why and how things happened due to what came before because it’s not explained what people were experiencing and you have to connect the dots yourself.

They don’t like you thinking for yourself about climate change.

Most schools, especially in the US, follow a broad strokes approach. Only noting the largest of the large. At this point, even some US history classes barely have time to cover Korea or Mexican American war, so you can imagine that the sanitary revolution and migration of some people become footnotes. There's a lot of fascinating history out there

Yes, but that is a massive butterfly 8)

Butterfly? Too small. It's Mothra Effect.

It wasn't the butterfly effect because it was so strongly linked.

…that’s not the butterfly effect

Wasnt a butterfly....

My money would be on Blaze 😁

Put me down for Top Tenz, since that took some self control to do the Lord of the Ring's list

Danny

Coked up Business Blaze Simon no doubt.

Blaze one. He is on cocaine and enormous amounts of coffee. He won't go down without like 20 stabs

Pesky record button

Ugh, as a teacher I had a huge film project with my year 1 class that I made towards the end of the year... It was only later that I realised at some point I had mixed up the record/stop record... So I had like two hours of "behind the scenes" footage and none of the front of the scenes footage!

If i can remember correctly, "froze to death" more popular word in USA but the "year without a summer" more recognised globally, right?

Anak Krakatoa.. ("Son of Krakatoa") rumbles and belches nowadays.

"Child" of Krakatoa = Anak Krakatoa

Krakatoa jr be looking pretty terrifying this day

@@vexile1239 Correct! Son in Indonesian is "putra" and daughter is "putri" but here we just say "anak" to address children.

@@ezekielshorizon6 I'm an Australian so my interactions with most other languages are limited even though I live in a large city (Brisbane) and I have only interacted with a non-English speaker once in my 30+ years and that was a Japanese tourist trying to get to a tourist hotel near the city

1815 - Nerfed Tambora's height

Welp, it ripped Sodom and Gommorah, and another did Atlantis in. Thus never lover look or downplay super volcanoes/mega calderas and their eruptions neither flood basalt flows either. Also a mantle plume under a fault is always very bad news. Look up the mantle plume or hor spot that scortched the underside of the east USA plate.

"Isn't that one of the holy relics brother Maynard carries with him?" lol 😂

Steven Seven yes, yes it is

And the Lord spake, saying, 'First shalt thou take out the Holy Pin. Then, shalt thou count to three. No more. No less. Three shalt be the number thou shalt count, and the number of the counting shall be three. Four shalt thou not count, neither count thou two, excepting that thou then proceed to three. Five is right out. Once at the number three, being the third number be reached, then, lobbest thou thy Holy Hand Grenade of Antioch towards thy foe, who, being naughty in My sight, shall snuff it.' Amen

@@andrewj3177 LOL !!

Emigrate.

Java has a lot of volcanoes. Where I live is surrounded by 3 volcanoes

With a big eruption in or near Java along the lines of Krakatau or Tambora, Java in particular and Indonesia in general would be in serious, serious trouble.

Of course. That's why they're there in the first place.

@@kimberlyperrotis8962 A volcanic eruption will fuck things up for a while, but after at least 10-15 years the soil will be more fertile!

The Southern Hemisphere's weather is moderated by having more ocean vs landmass.

It got pretty cold in the U.K. it is an island with a jagged coastline, can’t get more surface area touching ocean than that.

@@przybyla420 I think it’s more to do with open ocean, although Britain is an island, it’s close to shore as compared to the bottom of South America or the Horn of Africa for example, lots of open seas to move air quickly around there

I've wondered the same question. In all these volcano disasters I never hear about the Southern Hemisphere.

@@LuvBorderCollies Me too, sadly we often get forgotten “down” here, but I guess it’s because the majority of the world’s population lives in the northern hemisphere

Connections is one of the best science and history tv shows of all time. It's up there with Carl Sagan's Cosmos.

Connections with James Burke is one of my favorites

That was a great show!!!!

Or the Tri-State Tornado

I wonder how that would work out honestly, Tornado Alley is kinda nebulous being that it covers multiple states and locations plus there's Dixie Alley in the southeast us that gets a bunch of tornadoes

Cool idea! I love it!

Nothing the answer is nothing

That’s what all those windmill farms are for, they turn those on in storms to try and disrupt the wind currents.

Download some episodes and buy some small solar panels🍃 That's what I'm gonna do . I already have a huge digital library of books, movies and tv shows, music. I do not get rid of my old smartphones, I keep them as backup.

Correct, it was JB.

Toba??

@@adnannaemaz1989 Krakatoa

@@adnannaemaz1989 toba hasn’t erupted for 75,000 years

Yup. The island got blown away. 2 of the biggest explosions. The second one was more violent and the loudest explosion

@@SunayanaSB1998 *The loudest voice ever recorded. Apparently

😂

Yes. Both were because the planet was in the base of a solar minimum which is what brought about the eruption and quakes in the first place. Think of it this way, when the sun is active with lots of sunspots everything on earth is as it should be with occasional eruptions at low VEI and earthquakes of about 7. When the sun is quiet and the magnetosphere weakens and jet streams breakdown and switch from zonal to meridional flows, any solar activity no matter how mild causes catastrophe. More extreme weather, volcanoes, earthquakes, crop failure, resulting viruses. It's pretty cool actually. It's hot in places where it's usually cold and vice versa. Hurricanes and tornadoes increase in intensity, all along with the usual side effects.

Definitely! Volcanoes and their eruptions greatly influence nature and the atmospheric conditions. Early 1800’s civilizations would have had to either fight for resources or figure out how to work together to share,.. which even today we can’t do the second option so it makes sense it would have started a period of war and famine!

Yes.

Ilopango was also unconfirmed for the 535 eruption

@@aron1332 Another popular theory for 536 AD was that multiple volcanoes had really bad eruptions around that period! 🙈

@@mrconfusion87 unlikely it was multiple volcanoes. The effects were mostly in Europe in 536

Hello pustilence lol

Simon and Garfunkel might even approve.

You need a serious makeover, dude.

Wait for the random volcano… (the twentieth century was historically quiet).

@@allangibson2408 Mankind picked up the slack.

@@bsadewitz Mankind isn’t even in the same league as Mother Nature’s tantrums… (but humans have been killing each other in the millions for millennia (we have just made it less labour intensive with time)).

@@allangibson2408 I wonder why volcanoes exist

@@beauttty072……bc they’re part of the earth’s make-up…………they also saved the earth when it was locked in ‘snowball’ frozen situation, thank goodness………

It would have recommendations on YT and we'd see the horror from a thousand angles like the Tsunami and earthquake in Japan in2011... the 10 year anniversary was on the 11032021.

@@carmenburton4918 Aceh Tsunami in 2004 also in Indonesia, had more bigger effect than Japan tsunami.

Look up Taupo…

@@allangibson2408 Did that, it falls way short of cataclysmic. Not to say it's not dangerous, but in the scale of truly earth shaking destruction, it doesn't register.

@@Phalanx443 There is a strong argument that the 186AD to 233AD VEI-7 120km3 eruption may have fed into the fall of the Roman Empire and plague outbreaks in China… The Oruanui eruption 26500BC was the most recent VEI-8 eruption.

@@Phalanx443 How about Toba?

Toba hello boy

Remember Mt. Pinatubo in 1991? Maybe people in warmer climes didn't notice, but it provided half a decade of beautiful sunsets and pretty frigid winters, where I live in North America at 45°N. Weeks and weeks of -35°C temperatures.

Ireland is not all of Europe.

@@MaxwellAerialPhotography Ireland is of Europe. If a famine happens there then it is a subsistence crisis of Europe.

@@timmccarthy872 The operative term was "great", Potato famine was local not continental wide.

@@kevinyaucheekin1319 right, i forgot that one million dead was a trivial number /s

@@timmccarthy872 only happened in Ireland rest of Europe was eating Irish wheat and didn't care about Ireland

That's some of his business blaze personally spilling out

Yeah, the active, (almost-)continuously erupting volcanoes are much lower VEI than dormant volcanoes that would explode with such a loud bang like Pinatubo and up. (Pinatubo wasn't well-known before the early 1990s.)

It will take at least a full millennia of sleep or so before Tambora can muster another eruption of that sort... Sumbawans will be fine for the next few centuries!

It could happen. With all the people in the world it wouldn't take much of a reduction in crop production to bring on starvation. It will be every person, group or locality for themselves. Total disruption of civil order....back to the Dark Ages.

@@LuvBorderCollies we are due for a scientific dark age and such to occur like 526ce-540ce to 600s again but worse.

Either “the number of people affected by the famine”, or “the number of people suffering from the effects of the famine”. Just saying.

@@razorransom1795 I am afraid you're right again. Except it will be much worse because today's 1st nation citizens have none of the skills to survive like the people of the Dark Ages.

@@LuvBorderCollies exactly. Unless your Amish or grew up on a homestead, basically, it will be hard to survive. Most forests have been built up and there is nor much farmlands foe people to attempt to plant their own food, let alone know how to prepare from scratch many dishes we can just buy now..

COVID-19 is several magnitudes more terrifying than this. I hope you're -doube- triple-masking to not catch the most powerful supervirus in human history.

You mean most successful bioweapon.

@@neo-didact9285 Masks prevent transmission, not acquisition.

We should consider ourselves lucky that Covid happened in an otherwise quiet period of history. Disease follows natural disasters and makes them exponentially worse.

Quiet period of history? Dude we’re in the middle of the earth’s final mass extinction event, you almost couldn’t pick a busier time.