Nanman: the Lost Tribe of South China DOCUMENTARY 

Support us and your Total War addiction: store.steampowered.com/app/1299591/Total_War_THREE_KINGDOMS__The_Furious_Wild/? - This is a truly massive expansion!

These people were treated by Chinese the same way Romans treated Celts. The parallels are very weird - both were amazing blacksmiths, divided into hundreds and thousands of different clans and tribes with varying language differences. Celts were amazing horsemen while Nanman were great sailors. Both got assimilated by those who considered them barbarians. Amazing.

I love this channel's obscure topics. I'd never heard of 90% of this stuff till you guys came along

Im Maori and I wholeheartedly believe that some of my ancestors came from somewhere near the South China Sea. It's no coincidence that our language is exactly the same or has similar words to our Asian counterparts.

They’re legacy reminds me a lot of the Gauls of Europe. A lot of information about them comes from records written by other cultures who considered them “barbarians,” but they in fact were extremely diverse and had a sophisticated culture. They were eventually conquered and assimilated by a powerful neighbor, but still live on in surprising places.

Speaking as a Northern Thai;(albeit of Han Chinese descent) I went to Yunnan on vacation and visited a town dominated by the Dai people.(Xishuangbanna in mandarin) Their cultures and traditions were exactly the same as at home, even the food, and the local dialect.

Our tribe (Biaju/Ngadju)ancestors came from Yunan Region in Southern China...Even now in our island of Borneo, there are hundreds of tribes with different dialects and languages yet share almost identical cultural roots with each others, hence we refer to all of our tribes as D'yak/Dayak (Which means: "People" or "Those who dwell in") then followed by region or villages where it came from. As example, my tribe is Dayak Biaju/Ngadju which means "Those who dwell in inner region of the island" or "People of the inner region". Our closest kin are the Dayak Ot Danum (Those who dwell on the rivers/riverside), and Dayak Bakoempai (Those who dwell on the grasslands).

The art in this video is breath taking. I don't know how you do it.

Cantonese here. An absolute MASTERPIECE. I prostrate to your scholarship & production skills. I've never seen such a detailed English summary of Nanman & Baiyue. Only 1 thing, it's Meng Huo not Hou!

Kings and General: the craziest part is they let this guy go seven times Me: there’s a man who can control animals like a land aquaman and this is what you are concerned about

As a speaker of Cantonese, i can understand some Vietnamese words amongst other words from south East Asian countries. Very interesting 🤔

Hah! I remember the Nanman from ROTK 8. Once you conquered the Southwest provinces, they paid tribute to you and offered you Elephants. Thank you for covering China during the this period ^.^

The Malays still used that palm wood armor during Portuguese occupation in the Peninsula. We call the wood Kayu Nibong. it is super hard, even the British said this in their records that an 18 century rifle bullet cannot penetrate it. That is why most fort that was build by Indonesian and Malaysian and also khmer used Nibong wood as palisade.

All because of LGZ's fantastically exaggerated tellings in the Romance, many historians doubted Meng Huo even existed. Now the reason why Zhuge Liang had fire spewing contraptions was because of the fabled wicker armor (which was probably just Rattan) the Nanman soldiers wore, which incidentally made them invulnerable to attacks while also allowing them to fight with incredible speed and swiftness. This mystical wicker armor made Meng Huo's troops nigh unstoppable but like everything else made of wood was susceptible to fire. So Zhuge Liang needed to find a way to burn Meng Huo's troops, which he did by inventing a anachronistic flamethrower. Zhuge Liang's incendiary weapons by the way was most likely based on the Pen Huo Qi (噴火器) or "fire spraying device". It first made an appearance on the battlefields of China in 919 CE during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, which took place at least seven hundred years after the Romance of the Three Kingdoms timeline. These types of flamethrowers could shoot a continuous stream of naptha and was a highly effective weapon. They could be used to burn down enemy fortifications, mounted on walls and towers to rain down fire or project walls of flame against incoming hostile forces, and can even be placed on a four wheeled pushcart to sow terror on the battlefield.

Shamoke: "All we had to do, was follow the damn river, Liu Bei!"

This episode is exceptionally well written, the chronology, the names, the convergence of various countries/people's origins, the maps, everything is top quality, highly educational and very entertaining nevertheless. I've watched many episodes on this channel, they are all pretty good, but this one stand out by a far margin ahead, IMO. THANK YOU.

Two major aspects of general Yue culture not mentioned in this video are their headhunting (猎首) and affinity for water battles (好水战)。 Also, there's another notable woman warrior among the Yue, who was usually just referred to as the Maiden of Yue (越女) in the historical records. She was an accomplished swordswoman during the Warring States period, said to have come from the "Southern Forests" near or within the State of Yue. She expounded one of the earliest attested martial arts theories in China (complete with application of Yin-Yang concept). She imparted her skills to the State of Yue's army and thus had a hand in helping the State of Yue to conquer the State of Wu.

We studied this migration down south theory in the Philippines... (out of Taiwan Theory) Our professor, being an Archeologist and Anthropologist stated how ancient tools dug up was older in the northern parts of the country (Batanes Islands,) but younger to the southernmost regions of our nation... A "pattern of migration southwards." This study is relatively new and alien to most Filipinos, since the accepted version was that our ancestors came from the South....

Man, I've been watching your guys' vids since you made it to the frontpage of reddit that one time a few years ago. Thanks for all the content!

and interesting thing is, the chinese name of Vietnam is "Yue Nan", which means South of Yue

Ive been to Viet Nam a few times. The Trong Sisters are considered the first of a long line of leaders who fought for Vietnamese independence that ended with Uncle Ho. They are revered and honored.

Kings and Generals always coming in the clutch.

The Yi people (Tibeto-Burman) of southern China actually recognize Meng Huo as one of their ancestors.

Its very interesting, as someone who is part of the Malayan people group, the possibility that our very culture was once a culture borrowed but forgotten is very fascinating. Especially the tattoo, which are an integral part of all Southeast Asian and Pacific peoples. To have such an influence in our culture - it is surprising to have never heard of the Baiyue. The Baiyue were basically the Pheonicians of the East, colonizing large swaths of maritime Asia and the Pacific.

"You shall never subdue me Zhuge Liang, Never" - Meng Huo, King of the Nanman

This is easily, the go to channel for world history. I've learned more from this channel in 1 year, than I did in 4 years of schooling. ✌

This might be my favorite Chinese history video. It's so hard to find info on the Yue or really even any historical minority of antiquity, and you not only presented it beautifully, you somehow did it *from the Yue perspective* despite the lack of great sources. Keep the vids like this coming!

this is one of the most important channels in the whole youtube

Thank you for making me aware of this obscure part of history. Very interesting and well put together video.

At last, an episode for the Baiyue people. I used to look for episodes like this as well as like the imjin war. Finally, you created one with a kings and generals version. Great Video!!!

I am stunned by the level of detail you managed to assemble. I can remember a snippet of history from a recent Vietnamese worker at my job. It was fascinating then and even more so forty years later.

Brilliantly done. Especially the visuals and the art. And amazing research on your behalf mate. Cheers! Looking forward for more ❤️

Spent a lot of time with Vietnamese people (Southern and Northern). Their history is extremely interesting and the peoples are much more diverse than most assume. The Southern, Northern, Central highland (Montagnard) people are very different from each other.

Despite our tragic loss of the history and (most of) the culture of groups like the Nanman, it's of paramount importance that we continue to spread whatever knowledge we do have of them, I'd say it's doubly important in light of the loss. Even as a child I was frustrated with how most history I came across only focused on the west, with bits and pieces devoted to other areas of the world, and usually told from a clearly biased perspective. RU-vid, for all it's flaws, has expanded my horizons farther than everything else I read and saw before. I will always hold a space in my heart for those people and cultures that never got to share their experience. Thank you so much for taking the time and effort to tell a more complete Human story

This was a great video on a subject hard to find info on. Having been to Hunan and Guangxi in particular, and seeing the minority people like the Miao and Zhuong it explains a lot. Also the museum in Guangzhou of the tomb of the Nanyue emperor is worth seeing .

This might just be the information i've been looking for for years

The Han chinese lived on open plains, while the Nanman lived in jungles and mountains. That's what made them hold out so long compared to everywhere else inside the walled in pen that is China (mountains and deserts block most access to the outside world not through the sea).

Fascinating exploration of this part of Chinese history, particularly in its connexion with neighbouring peoples.

Fun fact: Nanman words are not only a substrate in the southern Sinitic languages, but also do have a presence in the northern varieties. One example is 江 pronounced 'jiang' in Mandarin and 'gang' in some form in the sourthern varieties. This word is such a common word that no one notices it is a loan and considered so Chinese that you can see borrowed by Korean and Japanese as 강 (gang as in Gangnam, the area south of the river) and こう (kō) respectively. It even displaced the Sinitic word 水 from it's original meaning of 'river' and took the meaning of 'water'. This must have happened very early on, as both Korean and Japanese borrowed the character to represent water sometime in the 7th Century. As a person who speaks Hokkien, it is quite astounding to hear some similarities with Vietnamese words sometimes. 'Dam' is wet in Hokkien, and it is rather similar in Vietnamese. I now wonder what words might be Tai-Kadai/Austronesian/Austroasiatic loans when I speak.

Ancient Vietnam was a combination of the Lac Viet and Au Viet tribes to form the Au Lac clan, to establish the Xich Dem state, and later to Van Lang. During thousands of years of building the country, nearly half of the time was under the slave domination of the North (Ancient China). Vietnam was suppressed for a total of 1,000 years by the domination of ancient China. A lot of historical culture and customs have disappeared. The ancient Chinese forced the Vietnamese to learn ancient Chinese characters and live according to their customs. Avoiding assimilation and forgetting their origins, the ancient Vietnamese relied on ancient Han characters to create a language called Hán-Nôm, pronounced by the Vietnamese way of calling Han. The peak was in the years 1426, after the Ho dynasty fell into the hands of the Ming, and the Ming dynasty burned and destroyed all books and customs of the ancient Vietnamese.

In the "Romance of the three kingdoms", the purpose of capturing and releasing Meng Ho 7 times is to show the rebel leader that he can rebel 100 times and Zhu GeLiang can defeat him 100 times. Meng Ho's self-confidence is completely destroyed and his ability to raise another rebel army is also destroyed. Nobody is stupid enough to follow a rebel leader that always lose in battle. That is why Zhu Ge Liang is the best military leader to defeat insurgents.

Lac Long Quan wasn’t the first king/emperor of Baiyue confederation. Shennong was the first god emperor of Baiyue nations. Kinh Duong Vuong was the son of Emperor Ming and father of Lac Long Quan. Kinh Duong Vuong was the first leader of Baiyue peoples. Au Co was the daughter of Emperor Ai, elder brother of Kinh Duong Vuong. Both China and Vietnam believed in the historicity of Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors period. It’s rather a really complex issue. Vietnam and China have come into an agreement of not ostracizing each other based on historical past. This is a reason why you barely see China mentioned any element of Vietnam in Chinese history, while Vietnam doesn’t make any media of glorifying the killings of Chinese (like those anti-japan movie in China). Because of this, Vietnam has been very quiet on the claims of Nanyue. Ho Chi Minh himself as well as all Vietnamese mandarins openly recognized the legitimacy of Zhao Tuo. China again fears separatism, so Vietnam respects Chinese sovereignty through quietly not mentioning Nanyue stories.

Thanks so much for this overview of ancient Chinese history, it really helps broaden my perspective.

History: ok so the southern Nanman tribes had a impact during the later half of the three kingdoms period Total War: ... make it DLC, full price

Any Dynasty Warriors fanboy here?

As a Southern Chinese, I have always wondered why our cuisine are way more similar to Vietnamese cuisine in comparison to Northern Chinese cuisine. In addition, some Cantonese words sound more similar to Vietnamese than Mandarin. After watching this video, a thought came to my mind, that I realized that historically all Chinese dynasties were founded in the north along with captials that are always located in the North and that we of the south are always ruled by Northerners. We are a conquered people that are absorbed and assilmilated into the Chinese state. 😂

Many decades later: The Lost Tribe of Xinjiang

This was super interesting! As a descendent of the FuJian and GuangDong regions this was really eye-opening and very cool to watch as an Asian American.

2:52 thank you for including this part. The modern China espouses the line that theyve been one great unified country for all of antiquity when in reality they were very much more diverse than

Every -uo in the Chinese words is mistaken as -ou

Fascinating! I came for the battles, stayed for the great history and cultural lessons. Well done.

Baiyue should be the ancestor of Southeast Asians, consists of Kra-Dai, Hmong-Mien, Lolo-Burmese, Austronesian and Austroasiatic. However, Kra-Dai (Tai-Kadai) and Austronesian peoples seem to be the dominant groups. According to the linguistic evidences, the ancient Yue language seems to be Proto-Kra-Dai (ancestral language of Thai, Lao, Shan, Dai, Ahom, Zhuang, Hlai, etc.) or Pre-Kra-Dai. The ancient “Song of Boatman” (Yue Ren Ge), for example, was written with Chinese character but can’t be understood by the Han Chinese because it’s non-Sinitic language. Interestingly, every words in the song can be transliterated to modern Thai words with the correct meaning. Kra-Dai itself is possibly related to Austronesian with a proposed family called Austro-Tai. Both Tai and Austronesian share a lot of common customs and traditions like tattooing, teeth blackening, water culture (cultivate rice in the wet paddy fields, settling on the riverside or in the coastal area and expertise in sailing along the river or the ocean). Tai and Austronesian also share a lot of cognates in basic vocabulary but Tai languages became monosyllable and tonal due to mainland SEA linguistic influences, e.g. eye (ta vs. mata), to die (tay vs. matay), bird (nok vs. manok), me (ku vs. aku), thou (mw vs. kamu), moon (*blwan vs. bulan/buwan), flower (*blok vs. bulaklak), water (nam vs. danum), fire (fay vs. apuy), teeth (fan vs. ngipin), etc. Some scholars believe Kra-Dai peoples were parts or sisters of Austronesian migrating back to the mainland and highly influenced by Han Chinese and later Austroasiatic (Mon-Khmer).

15:53 these tigers looks so fluffy and cute LOL

the connection between them and the ancient austronesians blew my mind

I from Cebu Island in the central Philippines and my ancestors the Sugbuanon people were called "Pintados" by the by the Castilian Spanish and called Cebu island "Las Islas de los Pintados" (island of the painted ones) because they were covered in tattoos from the face to the feet and they also blackened their teeth as a beauty standard and to preserve the teeth by applying a tar-based coating that the early Visayans called "Tapul". They were also skilled sailors who regularly raided the Fukien coast southeast of China... I believe, one of the tribes of the hundred yue is where my ancestors come from.

As someone who is half from Yunnan and a member of an ethnic minority, I believe this video contains serious errors. The Baiyue people were not a collective term for all the southern minorities; they were more concentrated in the southern part of another south place of China. In fact, during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there was already a large country in the Nanzhong region-the Dian Kingdom. Its people wore long hair, did not tattoo, and were capable of making fine bronze weapons and armor. They wore large earrings and exquisite jewelry, and a large number of unearthed bronze artifacts can prove this. Secondly, the main enemy of the Dian Kingdom, which is another part of the Nanzhong region's people-the Kunming people, were a nomadic people with short hair. All of these people wore clothes, not primitive people. In addition, there was a small country called the Ailao Kingdom, where another group of people who lived by farming lived. My ethnic group, the Hani people, evolved from the Ailao people. Moreover, the ethnic minorities and the Shu Han were not simply controlled, it can be said that Shu was the only one of the three countries that treated ethnic minorities as human beings. Zhuge Liang would send people to help them farm and weave, and Guan Yu's daughter stayed here forever. In modern times, when China was invaded by Britain, the Wa people guarding the Yunnan border even wrote to Beijing saying "We have been blessed by our ancestors A Gong, so we have always been guarding here", the ancestors mentioned here are Zhuge Liang. Zhu Rong and the King of Mulu are fictional characters in the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

Yong kai, Gao Ding and Zhu Bao was participating in Campaign Against Zhuge Liang with the aid of Menghuo a Nanman Local tribe.

Can you do a video on Pompey and his conquest of the east?

OMG! King and Generals talking about my ancestors the Austronesian!

If any *Middle Easterners* are watching here, a *good analogy* would be to say that *Vietnamese are to southern Chinese what North Africans are to Egyptians.* They both had the *same ancestors, but one group completely assimilated, while the other still kept their identity.*

Last time I was this early China wasn't united yet. *Do you have any idea how little that narrows it down?*

thank you for covering this. Most westerners believe all Chinese speak Mandarin or "Chinese" but in reality most southerners have a different mother tongue that is very different from Mandarin. Also, even to this day, southerners look a tad different from the Northerners. The language I speak now Cantonese is somewhat related to Vietnamese. I would still argue that Vietnamese is part of Sino-Tibetan.

stories written by the Chinese, you have to take them with a pinch of salt. they tend to devalue others to feel superior. silk is of origin from the Yue people, the same as cotton, because the climatic conditions allow it. The North, of the Han Chinese, is too cold for the development of silkworms and the cultivation of cotton. Before the Chinese invasion, it was the Yue culture that radiated in this part of the globe. The Chinese calendar is of Vietnamese origin, the Lunar New Year is also Vietnamese, and many other things that the Chinese claim are theirs. The Yue (Viet) already had writing at this time.

The Nagas(North East India, Burma ) have Tang Village, Shangnyu Village, Chen village etc practiced tattooing, blackening of teeth, headhunting etc too... But they have no proper written records of migration so they could likely be linked to Man or Borneo people

Found this video from steam where 3 kingdoms made an post about this video. It is so cool that they did a shout out for a creator

Fascinating never heard of this but then China has stunning civilizations

This was wonderful to watch, very informative, and what a beautiful graphics!

This is really one of the most beautiful videos you guys have done. Beautiful in its art, story, and message. Well done.

I am Southern Chinese in Asia. My ancestors depended on Sea for food, generally southerners were great sailors, and my ancestors was one were assimilated with mainstream Chinese many centuries ago...

Awesome video as always!!! Nitpicking here (aka unnecessary extra context/details): While geographically, the Wu/Jiangnan region is frequently depicted as part of Yue/Baiyue on maps, in reality the region was only briefly conquered and absorbed into the Yue cultural tradition (though influenced nonetheless). Historically, culturally, linguistically, and genetically, the Wu region was almost always within the sinosphere of Great Plains China, albeit on the periphery. The Yangtze area was already colonized since the Shang era by a branch of the Zhou royal family; Wu state was founded by Taibo, uncle of Wen of Zhou, who later conquered the Shang and started Zhou dynasty. The connection between Wu and Baiyue is tenuous at best, and Nanman completely separate. Archaeological evidence supports the early presence of Yue-like peoples in the Zhejiang area, but they were likely driven out or partially assimilated even before the Spring and Autumn period. However, Wu was indeed conquered by Yue after King Fuchai of Wu's betrayal by King Goujian of Yue, backed by the more powerful Chu state. Ironically, Yue was in turn also conquered by Chu shortly after, and their people fled back south to Fujian/Guangdong. While the Yue presence and influence in the Zhejiang/Shanghai region was short lived, somehow Wu and Yue are still often conflated to this day. In practice, the various similarities in culture, language, cuisine, etc. between the various tribes, minorities and modern nationalities of South China/Asia (Cantonese/Yue, Min, Zhuang, Viet, etc.) do not really include Jiangnan culture. In fact, more likely (and lesser known) connections can be made with other sinoxenic groups - ancient Japanese practices bore many similarities to the Wu; the earliest recorded name for Japan is Wa/Wo, and those tribes themselves claimed to descend from Taibo; the oldest system for Japanese pronunciation is Go-on (Wu sound), preceding Kan-on (Han sound), and To-on (Tang sound); and even today Japanese and Wu dialects have noticeable overlap in some vocabulary, cognates, tones, pitches, accents, etc. (as well as with Korean and Middle Chinese). Genetically, Wu/Jiangnan people are coherent with the rest of Han population, and fall between the northernmost and southernmost populations - so they can hardly be considered part of the Yue/South cluster. Keep in mind, most Chinese belong to Han haplogroup(s) i.e. direct male line, due to the long process of southward colonization described in the video. Baiyue ancestry is therefore primarily found through mtDNA (matrilineal descent) or autosomes, and this research does indeed indicate high levels of this ancestry in e.g. modern Cantonese populations, i.e. descneded from male Han settlers intermarrying with the conquered, local Yue women. Speaking broadly, the Jiangnan/Shanghai region seems to have always found itself in a liminal state of affairs; since antiquity existing on the line between "North" and "South" China, and in modernity becoming the most prominent interface between Chinese and Western culture. It's really refreshing to see such a well-researched video on little-known aspects of Chinese history. Would love to see more episodes on the different sub-groups and sub-cultures in China - there is so much more depth behind the apparent monolith that the rest of the world sees!

The final consonant of these words, such as 'c' in Lac, denote "checked tones". They are voiceless stop that has no audible release: [p̚ ], [t̚ ], or [k̚ ]. So they should not be pronounced out in the video.

The Nanman aren’t ''lost''. They ended up in some parts of modern-day northeast India.

We are call “Hmong” but the Han Chinese label us as “Miao”. I’m glad your channel brought some light to this because I’m from an indigenous tribe, Hmong people are descendants of Chi You! So this makes a lot of sense.

Basically, what it proves is that the South China Sea does not belong to the Han Chinese but to the rest of S E Asia as they are the descendants of the Yue people

No wonder when i hear vietnamese speech and cantonese it sounds simillar in pronunciation. Thanks for food of thought

Extraordinary video and information! I just want to add that one more reason southern China is as Chinese as it is now is also because of the Tang Dynasty Anshi rebellion. I read that this civil conflict pushed many northern commoner and aristocratic Chinese alike to seek refuge in the south, thus giving rise to many cultural staples, such as the Cantonese language and nanyue music. Most Chinese people refer to themselves as Han, whereas some southern populations refer themselves as Tang people, precisely because Chinese acculturation of the south (supposedly) only started happening in earnest during the Tang Dynasty. After all, the Chinese name for a "Chinatown" is Tang ren jie (streets of the Tang people).

Wow that is so surprising I lived in the Visayas in the Philippines and our ancestors have full body tattoos too, We have shamans and women warriors and are often seen equal to men. They Love to make boats and travel within islands to explore.

Your artist's depiction of that dragon-summoning ceremony will prove the stuff of my nightmares in dreams yet to come. Great video, guys, as usual.

So great when have some guy know original of vietnamese more detail than almost local. You get my respect.

There's also indigenous people in the jungle of Borneo that had similar identity with the Bai Yue. They've tattooed their body and a great warrior. They called Dayak Tribe.

As a Thai-Chinese guy, I was told by my great-grandmother that my ancestors were, originally, from Fujian. However, I never knew much about the Nanman people, besides playing Romance of the 3 Kingdoms. I guess it is time for me to do some research.

there is something to scratch your heads that all (really all?) pacific islanders: Maoi, Polynesians, indigenous people in modern Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan, even the Ainu in Japan, and the Viets, all share the culture of body tattooing in ceremonial display of beauty and strength vs branding criminals for punishment and shame.

The Vietnamese are the last heir to the great southern cypress race and are completely non-Chinese. Vietnamese people are always proud of being the most outstanding race in cypress, we have fought for thousands of years and successfully fought against the assimilation of the Han people, preserving the cultural identity of the ancestors.

Epic. Thank you! From Thailand with mixed heritage 🇹🇭🇻🇳🇹🇼🇨🇳🇮🇳🇺🇸🇬🇧🇳🇴

Kings and generals is giving a new bunch of information every week. I'm now the best at history in my class and I sometimes even correct the teacher. China: everyone else is a barbarian Rome: laughs in latin

Vietnamese in modern day was one of Bai Yue tribes which survived assimilation after almost 1,000 years of China occupation.

Thank you for re-telling the history. I'm Vietnamese, though now I am leaving overseas. As I get older, I realise it would be fascinating to learn more of our origin. Hence I have tried to learn more our history in recent years. Our legends and folk lores said that our ancestors were a tribe of the "Bách Việt", modern pronunciation of "Baiyue" which means a hundred of Viet tribes. Back in ancient time peoples Northern Yangtze River called tribes down South "Nanman" which translates as "southern barbarians". And southern tribes called Northerners as "northern invaders". And we still call them northern invaders till this day 😅 To the untrained eyes of those who are outsiders especially people from the Western world, they lump peoples from North East Asia, East Asia and South East Asia into one indifferent category. But infact, genetically speaking we are different, nowadays it shows in the DNA in recent studies. Our cultures were vastly different due to direct link with agriculture of growing wet rice, a unique characteristic of Southerners. And to the naked eyes, we can tell some of unique facial traits and features of those who had ancestors from the Northern or Southern Yangtze river, despite the Northerners did successfully conquer the south. They certainly assimilated and interbred with the Southerners. Therefore modern South China has a various admixture of Northerners and Southerners. It shows clearly in the gene pool.

Thank you, that was fascinating. My maternal grandmother was a Khasi woman from North East India. I mentioned this to a Chinese teacher, and she said they are related to the Miao. However, I have not been able to find any documentary evidence about that. You mentioned the Miao, and linguistic pockets scattered around. The Khasi greeting is "Khublei" - perhaps it is a link to China and Kublai Khan, who knows.

I am Filipino, and they were my peoples' ancestors.We were told that as kids.That took we cames from southern China via Taiwan, and conquered the Pacific.And recently, DNA testings have confirmed all of it to be true.

Always felt that Cantonese and Vietnamese had similar tones between the two languages.

Very interesting. Description of the Bai Yue matches the Igorot people in the northern Philippines and Naga of Nagaland in India, and natives of Taiwan.

I absolutely LOVE how y'all use distinct artstyles and fonts for different places/peoples. The quality of this channel is absurd

Remember that Vietnamese people's ancestor is complex, they're come from many baiyue tribes, you can't compare us to cambodian, We the Vietnamese people talk a complex language that hard to find orginal, and Cambodia is cambodia, Vietnam is Vietnam we are different people different ancestor.

This is exactly what I was looking for when I saw the Nanman DLC coming. I didn't know anything about them and wanted to educate. This is the best video I have found so far! Thank you Kings and Generals and Total War for sponsoring it! :)

Wow! This channel makes really high quality documentaries, and this video explained the history of Yue very well!

Another name for Cantonese is Yue yu (in mandarin) or more accurately Yuet yu (in Cantonese) and the province of Guangdong is also known as Yue, or Yuet, which is pronounced exactly the same as the first character in the name of Vietnam in Catonese, Yuet Nam. Most people in Guangdong think they are of Han descent, but modern linguists argue that many Cantonese dialects share the same roots as Southeast Asian languages such as Vietnamese, and the fact that they are classified as Chinese dialects is a result of convergent evolution of these languages ( ie the use of Han words/characters) and assimilation to the dominant Han culture over many centuries.

They are not lost. Some of them assimilated and became chinese. The others migrated to southeast asia (Nusantara) known as the "Proto Malayan " (First Migration) and "Deutro Malayan" (Second Migration)

As a Vietnamese, I found this video very interesting. First time I heard a non-Vietnamese person mentioning the legend of the Dragon God and the Fairy Goddess. I'm not a nationalist but I'm very proud of what my ancestors have accomplished. Thank to their sacrifice, we are still an independent country. Thai people can be proud too. Never been colonized, mighty warriors.

I choose to believe a dude riding an elephant was commanding a legion of war tigers because that's about as badass as it gets.

It's well known that Austronesian people from Aboriginal Taiwan to Indonesian to Hawaiian to Malagasy are all have their ancestors in these people coming from Southern China, the Chinese push them out so they start colonizing most Islands between Indian and Pacific oceans.