Nucleophilic Addition Reaction Mechanism, Grignard Reagent, NaBH4, LiAlH4, Imine, Enamine, Reduction 

You're right. NaBH4 can't reduce an ester. I just made the corrections.

see my answer on Alexandra Long's question

Put it simply u don't wanna like the video. 1 click -liked ,next click remove like ,so on ,performing this 1000 times

both are negativley charged. It woldnt be favored energetically bc there's 2 extra electrons. its like C:Mg2+:Br if that makes sense. since Mg is 2+, its stabilizing both ions.

R- is the conjugate of alkane so it is a very very strong base hence a super strong nucleophile

Yes that's right. Where did I make the mistake?

@@TheOrganicChemistryTutor hi there, at around 16:54

see my answer on Alexandra Long's question

Hi, lactones aren't classic esters. As said in the Organic Chemistry J. Clayden book : " Some esters - lactones ,for example- cannot lie cis for steric reasons and this is one of the reasons why lactones are distinctly more reactives than esters and in many reactions behave more like ketones: lactones are quite easy to reduce with NaBH4, for example". So, to understand the cis configuration, you should know that esters (lactones as well) have two mesomeric forms following to the delocalization of the oxygen's lone pair. The C-O bond (in the cycle) has so a double bond trait, and so, there are cis and trans configuration. When you look at the structure of a lactone, you can see that, because of the cycle, we only see the trans configuration (oxygen is the main substituant) that is not stabilized (it is linked to orbitals overlap, hard to describe here). As lactones are not stabilized by cis configuration, they are more reactives than classic esters and so can be reduced by softer reducing agent (NaBH4). My professor (chemistry uni) uses the book I mentionned earlier to teach students as me, I'm so conviced that it is true. Sorry for being late :p

how'd it go?

Nermina Kovacevic I passed with a 90 :)

1year gone am so sorry kid, we cant all win.🙁

@@WahPedal-h6x honestly I forgot about this 😆

If the acid is water, then in cases like organometallics reagents or LiAlH4,adding both water and the reagent at the same time will be problematic as water destroys the organometallic compound or with LiAlH4 giving a fast exothermic reaction. Any protic acid will behave similarly. So it is made sure that water or protic acid must not be present during the addition of any organometallic reagent or LiAlH4.So it is added at the end of the reaction. It is called work up.

Peta-Gay Smith yeah,i doubt that too

Bromide ion has noble gas configuration ,so it will not give electron I think this maybe the reason

Right… A bromide ion can hold a negative charge much better than a carbide ion due to it's size, making the carbide ion a much better nucleophile

Because that is not how a grignard reaction works. If you continue watching he explains how the methyl group has nucelophillic properties. The bromine does not attack because since bromine is a good leaving group. If it attacked it would just be replaced by the CH3 which does not hold negative charge well whereas the Bromine can hold negative charge well.

that would be very time-taking , also the zig zag is the modern version of drawing the chains.

Thanks. I just made the corrections.

No problem. Thank-you for these amazing videos. I hope you'll keep them coming.

You're welcome. I just have to watch out for future mistakes.

see my answer on Alexandra Long's question