@@dennis1662your right, when your on death row you ain't going to buy off the judge for the wages of sin is death. What would you like for your last meal?
@@richardjackson7887 at the end they are both wrong. Happy to be Protestant, I am happy to be catholic but more important happy that Jesus gave his life for our sin and through him salvation. John 13:35 By this everyone will know that you are my disciples, if you love one another
@@JuanGonzalez-kb3gm Colossians 2:12-19 KJV Buried with him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen with him through the faith of the operation of God, who hath raised him from the dead. 13. And you, being dead in your sins and the uncircumcision of your flesh, hath he quickened together with him, having forgiven you all trespasses; 14. Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross; 15. And having spoiled principalities and powers, he made a shew of them openly, triumphing over them in it. 16. Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days: 17. Which are a shadow of things to come; but the body is of Christ. 18. Let no man beguile you of your reward in a voluntary humility and worshipping of angels, intruding into those things which he hath not seen, vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind, 19. And not holding the Head, from which all the body by joints and bands having nourishment ministered, and knit together, increaseth with the increase of God.
@@ricardooliveira9774 well, he has one planned with William Albrect, I believe, on Sola Fide. His debates with Shabir Ali (the only Muslim who dare debate him) and Unitarians are stormers. Can't wait to learn from this one
When I read 'A Grief Observed' by CS Lewis one of the most heartbreaking parts, to me, is when Lewis is wrestling with his belief in purgatory. People were telling him that his deceased wife was in a better place and he didn't believe them because he thought she was being punished. He was given a heavier weight of grief and had less hope because he held this misguided doctrine. It's a sad misunderstanding of what Jesus accomplishes for his people.
Scripture nowhere teaches that every Christian fully partakes in the beatific vision the moment they die. This is one reason God’s people have always prayed for the dead (Judaism, early church, EO, and Catholics today). 1 Corinthians 3:13. It is your opinion that is misguided, pastor. Christ completing sanctification after death in no way undermines his work, mercy, or burning love 🔥.
@@pastorzhhicks Thanks pastor. Here I thought your view was true because you went to “Bible college”. Never mind that the early church that assembled your Bible was Catholic, in its liturgy and practice, and prayers for the dead were offered.
@@thegoatofyoutube1787 That's a very interesting view you have there. It appears you also don't understand the origins of the Bible, in addition to your other misunderstandings. You've labeled yourself a goat, I guess that'll have to suffice. Take care.
@@pastorzhhicks And you’ve labeled yourself a pastor. The goat name is a silly fantasy football joke for guys on those chats who are bombastic … I appreciate you enjoying it. What I told you is what history records, pastor. Are you teaching your folks something different? The New Testament was assembled by Catholic bishops and their worship was a Eucharist sacrifice that included prayers for the dead. I don’t think I misunderstood anything, I think you’re used to teaching people something you believe strongly and it being accepted as truth even if you have no evidence to support it. As is the case here. “For my part, I should not believe the gospel except as moved by the authority of the Catholic Church” - Augustine. Why do you imagine that ancient faiths of the east and west (Rome and Orthodox) are both centered around a Eucharistic liturgy that includes prayers for the dead? 🤔
Born and raised a Catholic, it took me years of bible study to reach this same conclusion. If we hold to purgatory, what we say is that the sufferings of Christ, and His sacrificial atonement are "not enough" to cleanse us. I feel that this point alone excludes any consideration of the belief, and borders on heresy.:
that is protestant doctrine, but the sins can be forgiven, the condequence of our sins remain with us, every stain must be cleansen, if u belive in hell as a catholic then are u saying that no one can go to hell?
@@washingtonman375 i understand Christ payed for our sin, original sin or man's tendency to sin. protestant doctrine sees that Christ payed for our sins.
@@orionsoars9953 Hell and Purgutory are two different things. Hell is for the damned, never for the saved! Paul says when Christ appears the dead are raised, and we are changed, "in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye". Nothing about long periods of time being "cleansed". Sin is in the body. Our spirits are "born again". Once you're out of the body, you are separated from sin. The blood of Christ cleanses our souls completely..there is nothing left to do.
@lastchance8142 not all Protestants believe in regenerative grace, either through Baptism or otherwise. Forensic Justification doesn't permit for any purification of the Christian soul before or after death.
Watched to the end! Man I have never seen anyone be as thorough as you do, even when you are summarizing something. It really is refreshing to have a voice from the Protestant side.
2 years down the line and this video is still changing lives and granting peace to those burdened by this. I made it all the way til the end. Thank you Dr Ortlund. I appreciate you, my family appreciates you. God bless you and your family
The great thing about these discussions is not that they will change Catholic minds, but that they lay everything out on the table, so that an honest person--without prior commitments to either side--can view the information and judge for themselves.
I'm a cradle Catholic and you're a PROTESTant I don't care. We'll both be SAVED because we believe Jesus Christ ✝️ as our Lord and Savior, and we REPENT of our SINS.
Thank you. Did listen through whole. I have been a little bit struggling with seeing all Catholic and orthodox RU-vidrs saying: this is this and this is that. You comforted me.
Already 10 mins in and I’m already happy that he corrected the 3 misconceptions of purgatory that popular non catholic Christians keep saying even though they did their research.
I'm Catholic, I like and respect you Dr. Ortlund for the way you address these issues. I look forward to Trent Horn's response to this, and I ultimately look forward to your discussion with him if there will ever be. God bless you.
Sent over by Mike Winger. Great discussion and I really appreciate your considerate treatment of the discussion. Watched the entire video; great work, sir!
Ryan Reaves is another resource that goes through the historical aspects of indulgences and purgatory during the time of the reformation. He's very thorough.
Matthew 25, which talks about the end times, God will separate the sheep from the goats. All people (all nations) will be gathered before Him. Those on the right are invited to enter into their eternal inheritance. For those on His left, they are cast into eternal punishment. For those on God's right, there is no mention of any need for cleansing, or temporal punishment, prior to entering heaven.
I watched till the end. This was amazing. I didn't know that there was so much diversity in the views of our early Church. I've found myself thinking about death far more frequently than I would consider normal, but even in that unease, I take the fact seriously that I will be with Christ for eternity when all is said and done.
Dr. Ortlund, you failed because you didn't address the writings of Caleb of Damascus, who in 456 wrote on the stomach of a goat that purgatory as believed by the future Council of Trent was always believed by the church and always shall be. Repent and join the one true church...the Quantum Presbyterians.
I watched the Whole Video it's 12:50 A.M. here and I have a 3 page paper due in a couple hours 😂😂😂. Every SECOND WORTH IT!!! Thank You Dr. Gortlund. I'll be praying for you ministry to grow because I can honestly speak your work has deeply impacted my life in times of confusion you made me love History and the Church of Christ Even More!!! God bless You 🙏
I agree, this was well put together! Too bad more people couldn't be like this with a more open mind, and just present the facts, rather than try to sugar coat someone into a belief system.
Yet in all my experience of engaging in discussion and watching/listening to debates, I have NEVER heard any Catholic, much less a Catholic apologist, ever claim that the Catholic Church taught purgatory from the beginning.
@@TruthUnites Well, that’s a first for me. Never heard it put that way before. FYI, I came here per Catholic apologist Trent Horn’s endorsement of this being an intellectually honest channel albeit from a Baptist point of view. I’m about a third of the way through this, my first video, and it is living up to the endorsement.
Ex catholic here. The issue of purgatory was the final nail in coffin for me to leave catholicism. It's such a massive insult to the finished work of Christ on our behalf. Why did Christ say "It is finished" on the cross if in fact anyone would have to suffer some sort of temporal punishment for their own sins? Simply put, the teaching on and belief in purgatory perverts the gospel. Thank you Dr. Ortlund for this video. 🤝
Listened to the end. As a former Catholic this is immensely helpful. I would like to add that my mother is Catholic and 90 years old. Purgatory weighs heavy on her heart and this breaks my heart.
Better purgatory than hell. I will be happy to spend time in purgatory until I am clean and can see the face of God, because nothing unclean will see His face.
@raphaelfeneje486 Jesus himself said those in him will never be lost. If you don't trust that then sorry, there's nothing that the false doctrine of purgatory can help.
@@addjoaprekobaah5914 You don't just read without understanding. There's a reason you've got eyes. I'm praying for someone that believes in purgatory that the eyes of her understanding be enlightened. You are here telling me I believe in purgatory. Are you serious?😕
Awesome video Gavin, the whole thing 👍 I agree with the pastoral emphasis. The new testament gives us a much brighter hope for our death. The thief on the cross being the rule, not an exception
Amen!! One of the criminals who was hanging there railed at him, saying, “Aren’t you the Christ? Save yourself and us!” But the other rebuked him, saying, “Don’t you fear God, since you are under the same sentence of condemnation? 41 And we rightly so, for we are getting what we deserve for what we did, but this man has done nothing wrong.” 42 Then he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come in your kingdom.” 43 And Jesus said to him, “I tell you the truth, *today you will be with me in paradise.* “ Luke 23:39-43. THE NET BIBLE®, New English Translation (NET)
Holy Scripture teaches we must all strive for that holiness without which no one shall see the Lord ( Hebrews 12:14). Dr. Ortlund says, "this is false". Holy Scripture teaches we shall also receive punishment for the BAD we have done in the body. (2 Corinthians 5:10). Dr. Ortlund says, "This is also false". Holy Scripture teaches we shall each be judged as we have judged others and we shall each be held accountable for every careless word we have uttered. ( Matthew 12:36, Luke 6:37,38). Dr. Ortlund says, "these are false as well". Holy Scripture teaches we shall be liable to judgment if angry with others. Dr Ortlund says "this is false as well". Dr. Ortlund teaches the angry Christian will be "declared righteous ", but still be angry with his brother in Heaven! Saints, Ephraem, Augustine, Ambrose and Jerome, all offered up the Holy sacrifice of the Mass for those suffering the purifying flames. Jude says we too can snatch those from the fires! Peace always in Jesus Christ our Great and Kind God and Savior, He whose Flesh is true food and Blood true drink
@Matthew Broderick Dr. Ortlund's aim was to specifically address the overall evidence of the church fathers' beliefs about purgatory. You have brought up some really good scriptural points that should be addressed from a charitable protestant perspective, and whether or not those scriptures really support the doctrine of purgatory or not. I hope that someone will be able to do that. Thank you for giving me food for thought to look into and research! Blessings to you!
I, too, (finally) watched this video all the way to the end...took me a couple of months, as the material is dense and well-considered. Purgatory, both as a doctrine and a "club of obedience" to keep me in line, was really the final straw that broke my Catholic back...the emphasis in the Church was always, and still is (to my knowledge) that, since baptism removed the "stain" of Original Sin (as defined/re-defined by the Church itself), the onus of my "purification" is on me. Perhaps this teaching allowed/allows the Church to create a lever of control on the Catholic believer, and the other two "pillars of authority" (the Pope and the Magisterium) can "interpret" scripture to back up this doctrine/dogma/teaching. When I began reading the NT (and subsequently the patristics) for myself as a teenager, the cracks in my Catholic faith began to widen. I made the decision to trust Christ for my salvation, by grace through faith/trust in Christ Jesus alone (Eph 2:8-10) when I was 16...and a whole 'nuther story started (with a very happy ending, all glory to God!!). Thanks for the additional historical perspective, for additional validation of the position I took as a teenager, and further deepening of this position as my life continues through middle-age. Always praying for your ministry, Dr. Ortlund.
As a Catholic, purgatory has never bothered me. However God wants finish His in work in me is fine with me. On any Catholic / Protestant disagreement you can find some support in either direction and I like that Dr. Ortlund has always been fair in at least affirming that Catholic doctrines weren't made up out of thin air in the 1500's like many post Chic track era Protestants tend to do. Ultimately every Catholic / Protestant debate circles around to the real issue of authority. Either apostolic authority exists or it doesn't. If it exists then we are bound by Christ to find out with whom it exists. If it doesn't, we all are doomed to swim in a sea of ever widening disagreement until Christ returns.
If you believe in faith alone and once saved always saved, then there is no need for Purgatory, baptism, confessions, eucharist, etc....Jesus takes in your sins and made you perfect by his death on the cross (Penal substitution).... Protestants need to vigorously defend this, to justify their belief....This is illogical, it leaves no room for Gods Mercy on those who commit sins, it allows the guilty to go free and gives freedom to sin without consequence, - how we behave matters in eternity. Watered down Christianity does not speak much about hell, it does not warn us the dangers our soul face. Heaven is described in the Bible as a place of those who have been made perfect (Heb 12:23; Rev 21:27) If that perfection is not attained by the time of death then, (How many of us will be perfectly sanctified at the time of our deaths? ) before entering heaven, we must undergo a final purification that brings to completion the good work that God has begun in us (Phil 1:6). The need for purification thus flows from the promises of God that we shall one day be perfect. "Nothing impure will ever enter it, nor will anyone who does what is shameful or deceitful, but only those whose names are written in the Lamb’s book of life." Only the "pure" saints, angels and God reside in heaven. - "....be perfect as the heavenly Father is perfect" St. Catherine of Siena was permitted by God to see the beauty of a soul in the state of grace. It was so beautiful that she could not look on it; the brightness of that soul dazzled her. Blessed Raymond, her confessor, asked her to describe to him, as far as she was able, the beauty of the soul she had seen. ”My father,” she answered. “I cannot find anything in this world that can give you the smallest idea of what I have seen. Oh, if you could but see the beauty of a soul in the state of grace, you would sacrifice your life a thousand times for its salvation. I asked the angel who was with me what had made that soul so beautiful, and he answered me, “It is the image and likeness of God in that soul, and the Divine Grace which made it so beautiful.” Faith and reason must come together, blind faith is false.
@@jotunman627The problem with PROTESTants is this, when someone grievously SINNED like Ravi Zacharias. Then PROTESTants will say he's not even a Christian in the first place.
@@jotunman627that’s a strawman. Not all Protestants believe in “once saved always saved”. It’s still important to live a good life as free from sin as possible.
Much appreciation for your video and how you lay out your findings! While I have several close Catholic friends and family who I deeply love and respect, purgatory is one of my fundamental disagreements with the Catholic Church. You could say my Baptist roots run deep, even if I have "branched out" to a non-denominational church... thankful too for the rootedness in truth and scripture! Found this channel through "Pints with Aquinas" and I'm so glad I did. (this is a year later, but I did in fact, watch to the end)
Watched it all! Amazing breakdown. I’ve been taking notes, capturing screenshots, and building an overview of this. It’s so important to be able to communicate why, as a Protestant, I reject the accretions that have become dogmas in the Catholic Church. Particularly when there is very little to no scriptural basis for these crucial theological ideas. I shed a couple tears at Stephen the Martyr, at the thought that any believer has the full assurance of the gospel behind them and while at the point of death can say, “Jesus, receive my spirit.” Thank you! Keep doing what you do, please.
Just discovered your channel through a video Mike winger shared. It's so amazing and underated. Thank you brother for the great work that you do. May our Almighty Lord and God Jesus Christ bless you and fill you with wisdom to serve HIM faithfully.
thanks for the excellent treatment of purgatory.... the varied views of the fathers were interesting. but in the final analysis nothing but the finished work of Christ rescues us from sin. it's his atonement .. not mine.
Not only have I watched the video in its entirety, but I've watched and digested it twice! I cannot begin to thank you enough Gavin for the research and care you put into all your content. Kind regards, Richard.
I was raised Evangelical Protestant and became Catholic 10 years ago. I just want to say thank you for making this without it being "Catholic bashing ". Your respectful approach to the differences is refreshing
Listened from beginning to the end. It sounds like you did the church fathers justice and you made several comments that I will have to go back and jot down. Thanks for putting in all this effort on these videos. I know you are a pastor and your time is short and your schedule is busy. You are doing what you can to help those who struggle with these and other issues. God bless and Merry Christmas
Thank you so very much! Those of us who are drawn to Rome or Orthodoxy tend to be good students of history and we understand why it’s important. But we lack the tools and skills parse the data like you do. Your passion is evident and your enthusiasm is contagious! Please keep dispensing treasures from the top shelf for those of us who cannot reach!
Anglican here. If you love the liturgy without the accretions, the Anglican tradition may be a good fit for you. We consider ourselves as the reformed catholic church where the extremes of the medieval church are corrected.
I love how you dont oversimplify important issues like we're children who cant understand "grown-up talk." I think this is very helpful in seeing this area of faith has been grounds for speculation that muddied the waters. Continue the great work and do continue to treat opposing views with respect--much appreciated! Oh, and I watched to the end.
Me too! I find I often rewatch these videos and some parts I even rewatch several times until something I'm struggling with "clicks." I'd much rather that than be patronised.
Purgatory is a good example of small errors due to some reasonable speculation snowballing and getting out of control. Each individual step isn't ridiculous but small steps add up to a long way.
@@toomanymarys7355 yup, they started as later trinity proofs, and when mixed with issues arising from the formulation of the hypostatic union and original sin, snowballed into the immaculate conception, Mary as sinless, perpetual virginity, and her role as co-redemtrix, co-magistrix, and eventually going totally left field with Queen of Heaven and "Our Lady of Guadalupe".
@@ravissary79 you have the problems posed by testimonials of all those who trust and believe and the miracles accompanying them. What to do with them? GK Chesterton helps on this subject
@@patricksee10 there are visions and testimonials for every religion on earth, for paganism, for reincarnation, for Mormonism. The issue isn't whether someone believes it and saw something once, but does it corroborate with scripture, did it align with the covenants, does it flow from the testimony of the apostles? If it is merely built upon it, but doesn't flow from it, then that's not much different from Christian spin-off cults.
Trent Horn replied to this. I hope you make a response, Trent Horn is an absolute apologetics monster but if I remember correctly you've rebutted him before, so I'm looking forward to your response. I'm a "protestant" [thought not all that confident in that position anymore] searching for true, authentic, Christianity, and having a hell of a hard time doing so.
Saw this as well, Trent is like the biggest name in catholic apologetics on youtube so I hope he does rebut it. Also I never realised how near and dear some Catholics and orthodox hold purgatory.
@@tastybeetz1511 Which is interesting as some VERY prominent Catholic theologians [Pope Emeritus Benedict XVII] these days have pushed for a view of purgatory so far removed from the classical conception of "go burn for a couple hundred years to pay for your sins" that it might as well not be purgatory. I, as a protestant, and I know many Orthodox feel the same way, have absolutely no issue with the modern conception of purgatory that theologians like Benedict have. Makes me wonder how well folks like Trent Horn even know what they're defending, because the "purgatory" of the church fathers is NOT the same as the "purgatory" of the modern Roman Catholic Church.
@@ChristianVazquez12 I agree it seems sometimes more beneficial to learn Catholicism from their theologians rather then apologists if you want an accurate picture.
Thank you for the video on Purgatory. My priest’s inability to give a cohesive argument, biblical or extra-biblical, was one of the reasons I decided to leave the RCC. I also believe that Romans 7 addresses sin, in the believer’s life, as something which abides in the flesh during our earthly life and something we are freed from when we no longer reside in this earthly tent.
I would suggest not to meet an unprepared pastor who may not have a cohesive argument to answer any of your questions because, as you know, that would force to change your religion.
@@mariasoniamoreno3433 She didn't change her religion. She merely changed to a branch w/ less extra biblical additions that disturb our peace and trust in Christ's atonement. Christ is enough, we don't need to pay our sins when we already have an all sufficient savior and Lord.
@lauraflood That is such a great point about sin abiding in our flesh in this life, but we are freed and covered completely by Jesus' atonement in our next life w/ God. Romans 8:1-3 covers this as well: 1Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. 2For in Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit of life set you free from the law of sin and death. 3For what the law was powerless to do in that it was weakened by the flesh, God did by sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful man, as an offering for sin. He thus condemned sin in the flesh, I will also read Romans 7, but Romans 8:2 immediately sprang to my mind when you said that. I will attempt to explain this next time a Catholic says they have to work off temporal sins. How are you now and which church did you find a home in? I'm always fascinated when people come out of Catholicism. There are so many online testimonies about protestants becoming Catholic and the Catholics have a number of channels devoted just these testimonies. We seem to have many coming out too, but I mostly see mention of it in comments.
@@raphaelfeneje486 How does that verse deny purgatory? Your comment only shows how ignorant you are about that theological concept. When the judge hands out a judgement it is ONE judgement, but it could be death, freedom, or jail. So, purgatory would be jail for some time (life in jail is given in place of a death sentence in most places) and then freedom. The denial of purgatory being ONE judgement is absurd, just a stubborn mindset that refuses to UNDERSTAND.
I love the term accretion. I have formally used the word anachronism but I am finding that in communicating with catholic and orthodox brothers that I know well the term anachronism can be offensive. Accretion seems a bit more academic and helpful in communicating a concern without the unnecessary offense. Thanks Gavin!
I took it in 3 pieces as to not miss your points and citations. What an incredible presentation of the topic on Purgatory. I learned so much from your presentation and will be picking up some of the early Fathers writings you mentioned to reference and study them as well. Thank you for your work and please don’t shy away from making future presentations as well thought out or as much in depth due to concern over length of time. It is so well worth the effort. God bless you 🙏
"Forty days " was the season of Lent (length), which comes between the winter solstice and the spring equinox, when the days are growing longer, and the nights shorter; when the sins (Sun's S. declination) of the world (year) are being purged off, and come to nought (0) as the Sun reaches the equator. This was the purgatory of the ancients, during which a fast was kept, and is still kept by many of the moderns, in imitation of nature, to purge off their sins! The last month of the year, and the one more particularly observed was named February, from februare, to purge; because, at the end of this mouth the Sun was found at the spring equinox; and having no declination, his sins are all gone. (Roman calendar). The sacred year/world begins and ends at the spring equinox. The new religious year begins with "Let there be light". The ancients held two festivals at opposite points of the ecliptic; one, the anagogia, or going-up of the Sun, at the spring equinox (this was the Passover of the Jews); the other the katagogia or going-down of the Sun, at the fall equinox; this was the ingathering of the Jews. This "forty days” was also styled by the Alchemists a “philosophical month." (Bees' Cyclopaedia, art. Month.) The Dove's station was near Purgatory, i.e., near the spring equinox, at which time she returns to us, the inequalities of the days and nights having been purged off. (Faber, Pag. Idol, vol. 3, p. 343.)
I watched 'til the very end! :P Thanks be to Jesus "who sat down at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven." (Hebrews 8:1). He sits because the work is finished, and we can trust in His finished work. Amen.
I appreciate the discussion. Growing up as a Protestant my impression was that purgatory was an opportunity for those who died without Christ could be given another opportunity to be saved after death. In the past couple years listening to EWTN and Catholic speakers along with your study I realize that I was incorrect.
Just started watching you recently and I did stick through to the end. It really is very insightful. I did know of the bosom of Abraham view. What I think though, from what Christ told the thief on the cross, is that after Christ's death and resurrection the good side of Hades was taken to God. And I do know some respectable bible teachers who hold that view. Anyway I did enjoy the video. Colourful history. God bless you and your ministry.
This was surprisingly enjoyable!! I often get super anxious when my assumptions about theology get challenged and that happened here, but that feeling of dread didn't spiral me into doubt this time, thank God. I was really encouraged by the conclusion - if you haven't watched this yet something to look forward to - thanks
Luke 16:26 And besides all this, between us and you a great chasm has been set in place, so that those who want to go from here to you cannot, nor can anyone cross over from there to us.’
While your survey of the fathers was fascinating (and much appreciated!) the doom and gloom in your conclusion (the robbing of consolation, hand over a candle flame, etc.) I think is way off from the Catholic understanding. Every soul in purgation is certainly more joyful than most if not all souls on earth because they are assured of their destination, and they undergo purification willingly because they know the beatific vision requires them to relinquish all attachment to sin they might have had in death. The understanding isn't that this is one final punishment, but the last willing and voluntary peeling off of sticky worldly attachment to prepare ourselves for our guaranteed spot in paradise. I love these longer treatments, thanks for what you do Dr. O
Thanks for the comment Christian. I think my perception of pain and fear with respect to purgatory is consistent with how it has been understood throughout church history. I'd be curious if you have any official basis for the claim that "every soul in purgation is certainly more joyful than most if not all souls on earth."
@@TruthUnites Thanks for taking the time! I'm no scholar so in terms of terms of official church documents I don't have any councils or anything like that right at hand. However, in terms of what has been understood throughout Church history, off the top of my head I can at least point to Dante's 14th c. portrayals of joyful toil and journey up the mountain, Saint Catherine of Genoa's 15th c. writing on how "apart from the happiness of the saints in heaven, I think there is no joy comparable to that of the souls in purgatory", and I believe Pope Benedict XVI said things to similar effect both before and during his papacy. So in so far as there was a historical common cultural fear or insecurity related to purgatory amongst the faithful, there very much seems to be hopeful joy associated with it as well. To me, at least, the joy is so clearly and logically implicit. If those undergoing purgation are epistemically assured of salvation, how would it be logically possible to be less joyful than when they were here on earth?
@@BrazilianPride22041 I appreciate these comments but even Catherine states that Purgatory is immensely painful. And that is the consensus view of the tradition (Augustine, Aquinas, Bonabenture, Gregory the Great, etc.). Plus, my burden is that we will not be with Christ in purgatory as we will be with him in heaven, which is why I feel it disrupts our expectation from the NT passages I mentioned. So even if purgatory were not painful the central concern would remain, it seems to me. Nonetheless I appreciate your thoughtful comments!
@@TruthUnites The Childbirth analogy unites great pain with great joy. The Byzantine perspective is open to growth in love in the realm of paradise-hades. Also, the tollhouse byzantine perspective allows for the complexity of human emotion (fear, longing, hope, joy) when it is judged and tested for 40 days.
I’m so grateful for your channel Dr Ortlund. Your input on why going deep in the history of the church in no way is to accept Romanism or Greek Orthodox. Please continue with the great ministry!
I know that it's been at least 2 years since you first aired this, but I wanted to say that I did listen to the very end. I am grateful that you diligently researched the early sermons of the church leaders and presented that information in such a straightforward way. I never understood how my Roman Catholic friends ended up with a doctrine that contradicts scripture. It's clearly because they trusted men and did not study God's true word to see their own error. It's truly sad.
This is excellent. These complicated topics deserve time and depth. If you are concerned about the audience not having time and opportunity consider time stamps but dumbing it down is rarely the solution (edit : after I commented I saw the time stamps in the description :-) - leaving the comment for the sake of the algorithm)
This was extremely helpful and I appreciate that you don’t come off as having something to prove; you give the data honestly and humbly. Thank you brother.
Oh interesting. Thanks for creating a long-form video on purgatory from a protestant perspective. I've never really thought deeply about the topic so I'm saving this video to be able to check it out later.
Just finished. This was great and definitely not too long. It is good to be able to go in depth. The last 20 minutes or so about how we do not have to fear in the face of death was a beautiful presentation of the hope we have in Christ!
I also think about perfect love casts out all fear. There is no getting around the fear that purgatory would produce. I love your pastoral encouragement from scripture. Christ is enough, His grace sufficient! 💝
Fear, demoralization and hopelessness. This life it very hard, totally sucks at times. The only thing that keeps me going is looking forward to being w/ my Lord in heaven, where all suffering and tears finally end. But no, if you're Catholic, you can't look forward to that. You have to play grace hopscotch and hope you are in grace when you die. If you somehow manage all that, then you still have purgatory to look forward to instead of heaven. Christ's death doesn't really seem to count for much in Catholicism. CAtholics are constantly paying for their own sins. The RCC even teaches explicitly that Christ's atonement only deals w/ original sin, when we're born. Then we're staring our life of grace hopscotch.
@@saintejeannedarc9460 Buddy, you have not make correct assessment of Catholic belief. Catholics know that we sin again and again in our thoughts and deeds; we sin for failure to do our duty. We are never perfect and so, we hope Jesus to cleanse us of all our impurities during purgatory do that we may out on glorified body and enter into God's presence. God expected us to be perfect like him. But Catholics recognise that we don't come close to that. And we don't try to justify our salvation or sanctification but we appeal to God's mercy and grace. We don't think God owed us. We don't expect God to keep his words when we don't keep ours. This being the reality, we look forward to his mercy and grace just because we strive our best to be his followers. We know that when Job could not justify himself before God even when he had unwavering faith, we cannot use Jesus name as an excuse because it will amount to using the name of the Lord our God in vain (abuse). We know that Jesus had atoned for the sin of the whole world but that does not justify that everyone must therefore be saved or that the sin of believers are paid in full for trusting in the finished work of Jesus. We know that our salvation depends on whether we are found worthy in Jesus' eyes or not. When we do internal reflection, we find that though we do our best to obey Jesus, we are far from perfection and hence we place our hope on Jesus' mercy and love for our salvation and for our glorification. We take seriously when Jesus said, not everyone who calls him Lord Lord will enter into the kingdom of heaven even if they preached and worked miracles in his name because they worked iniquity. We are not terrified but we are made concious that it is best to be humble before the Lord and seek his graciousness. We know we are just the clay and God is the Potter.
Divine Mercy doesn't exonerate a person from the need to be transformed. The Catholic Church acknowledges Christ’s sacrifice, and his sacrifice alone, to be of infinite value, and therefore able to appease the infinite justice of God. Or, as St. John tells us: … we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous; and he is the expiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world (I John 2:1-2). The real question centers on how God willed for the fruits of that infinitely meritorious sacrifice to be communicated and applied to the lives of his people. This involves more than Christ’s sacrifice alone by divine design. Second, the idea that “[Jesus] accomplished everything that was necessary for our salvation on the cross,” in a strict sense anyway, is not what John 19:30 or the Bible in general teaches. If we examine the context leading up to this statement of our Lord, for example, we find Jesus to have already explained precisely what he claimed to have “finished.” On Holy Thursday-the day before he was to be crucified-in his famous high priestly prayer to the Father for all of humanity, Jesus prayed: I glorified you on earth, having accomplished the work which you gave me to do; and now, Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory which I had with you before the world was made (John 17:4-5). Jesus says he “finished” everything the Father gave him to do on earth. In no way did he say there was and is nothing left both for him and mankind to do at all for salvation. Third, the Bible provides a litany of examples of the fact that both Jesus and we have much more to accomplish for our salvation when Jesus said, “It is Finished.” Jesus Had More to Do St. Paul obviously did not believe there was nothing left at all for Jesus to accomplish for our salvation/justification after Calvary because in Romans 4:25 he said: Jesus… was put to death for our trespasses and raised for our justification. Obviously, Jesus had not been “raised” from the dead yet when he said “it is finished.” The inspired author of Hebrews tells us Christ would also continue to “save those who draw near to God” until the end of time through his high priestly ministry at the right hand of the Father: But [Christ] holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues for ever. Consequently he is able for all time to save those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them (7:24-25; see also Heb. 8:3; I Tim. 2:5). And clearly Jesus still had to send the Holy Spirit in order that the world might be saved. “He who believes in me, as the scripture has said, `Out of his heart shall flow rivers of living water.'” Now this he said about the Spirit, which those who believed in him were to receive; for as yet the Spirit had not been given, because Jesus was not yet glorified (John 7:38-39). “But you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you…” And when he had said this, as they were looking on, he was lifted up, and a cloud took him out of their sight (Acts 1:8-9). When the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place… And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit… (Acts 2:1-4) In him you also, who have heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and have believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, which is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory (Eph. 1:13-14). He saved us, not because of deeds done by us in righteousness, but in virtue of his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal in the Holy Spirit, which he poured out upon us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that we might be justified by his grace and become heirs in hope of eternal life (Titus 3:5-7). We Have More to Do If you noticed above, I was careful to say Christ did not accomplish everything needed for man’s salvation on the cross in a strict sense. The Bible and the Catholic Church do teach Christians can be said to be saved/justified by grace alone in the sense that it is God alone, and therefore, God’s grace alone, that is the first cause of our salvation (cf. Titus 3:5-7; Eph. 2:8-9). So, in that sense, we can say “Jesus did it all for us” though not just on the cross, but by his entire life, death, burial, resurrection, and priestly ministry at the right hand of the Father (cf. CCC 517). But when it comes to the application of those merits into the lives of real human beings, the Bible makes it equally clear that we are also “justified by works,” “obedience,” our “words,” our “faithful[ness],” and more. All of this on man’s end must be empowered by God’s grace in order to be meritorious before God, but in examining just some few of these texts we could consider below, we will discover in Scripture just what we find in CCC 2010: in the order of grace, no one can merit the initial grace of forgiveness and justification, at the beginning of conversion. Moved by the Holy Spirit and by charity, we can then merit for ourselves and for others the graces needed for our sanctification, for the increase of grace and charity, and for the attainment of eternal life. We will focus on “merit[ing] for ourselves” in this brief post. “Merit… for others” will be for another time and another post. We Must Contribute to Our Own Justification Before God You see that a man is justified by works and not by faith alone (James 2:24). Do you not know that if you yield yourselves to anyone as obedient slaves, you are slaves of the one whom you obey, either of sin, which leads to death, or of obedience, which leads to righteousness (Gr. - eis dikaiosunein - “leads to justification”). (Romans 6:16) I tell you, on the day of judgment men will render account for every careless word they utter; for by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned” (Matt. 12:36-37). For it is not the hearers of the law who are righteous before God, but the doers of the law who will be justified (Romans 2:14). We Must Be Faithful and Obey Christ …you will be hated by all for my name’s sake. But he who endures to the end will be saved (Matt. 10:22). Be faithful unto death, and I will give you the crown of life (Rev. 2:10). … but if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin… If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just, and will forgive our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness (I John 1:7-9). And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul; rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell… So everyone who acknowledges me before men, I also will acknowledge before my Father who is in heaven; but whoever denies me before men, I also will deny before my Father who is in heaven (Matt. 10:28-33). Space does not permit us to include the enormous numbers of biblical texts mandating for our salvation manifold things that we must do. We must “repent” (Acts 2:38; 3:19; Mark 1:15; II Cor. 7:8-10), be baptized (John 3:3-5; Romans 6:3-4; I Peter 3:21; Acts 22:16; Mark 16:16), persevere in obedience (Gal. 6:7-9; Romans 2:6-7; Acts 5:32; Heb. 5:8-9; II Tim. 2:12; John 15:1-6), keep the commandments (Matt. 19:16; I Cor. 7:19), and more. In fact, Jesus makes this about as clear as can be in Matt. 5:44-45: But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven. According to Jesus, you have to do something, e.g., “love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,” not just to demonstrate that you are “a son of your Father;” rather, “so that you may be,” or “so that you may become (Gr. - genesthe) a son of your Father.” One thing is abundantly clear: Jesus did not mean there is nothing else necessary for salvation when he said the famous words “it is finished.” So let’s get to work and “work out [our] salvation with fear and trembling!” (Phil. 2:12)
@@saintejeannedarc9460Divine Mercy doesn't exonerate a person from the need to be transformed. The Catholic Church acknowledges Christ’s sacrifice, and his sacrifice alone, to be of infinite value, and therefore able to appease the infinite justice of God. Or, as St. John tells us: … we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous; and he is the expiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world (I John 2:1-2). The real question centers on how God willed for the fruits of that infinitely meritorious sacrifice to be communicated and applied to the lives of his people. This involves more than Christ’s sacrifice alone by divine design. Second, the idea that “[Jesus] accomplished everything that was necessary for our salvation on the cross,” in a strict sense anyway, is not what John 19:30 or the Bible in general teaches. If we examine the context leading up to this statement of our Lord, for example, we find Jesus to have already explained precisely what he claimed to have “finished.” On Holy Thursday-the day before he was to be crucified-in his famous high priestly prayer to the Father for all of humanity, Jesus prayed: I glorified you on earth, having accomplished the work which you gave me to do; and now, Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory which I had with you before the world was made (John 17:4-5). Jesus says he “finished” everything the Father gave him to do on earth. In no way did he say there was and is nothing left both for him and mankind to do at all for salvation. Third, the Bible provides a litany of examples of the fact that both Jesus and we have much more to accomplish for our salvation when Jesus said, “It is Finished.” Jesus Had More to Do St. Paul obviously did not believe there was nothing left at all for Jesus to accomplish for our salvation/justification after Calvary because in Romans 4:25 he said: Jesus… was put to death for our trespasses and raised for our justification. Obviously, Jesus had not been “raised” from the dead yet when he said “it is finished.” The inspired author of Hebrews tells us Christ would also continue to “save those who draw near to God” until the end of time through his high priestly ministry at the right hand of the Father: But [Christ] holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues for ever. Consequently he is able for all time to save those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them (7:24-25; see also Heb. 8:3; I Tim. 2:5). And clearly Jesus still had to send the Holy Spirit in order that the world might be saved. “He who believes in me, as the scripture has said, `Out of his heart shall flow rivers of living water.'” Now this he said about the Spirit, which those who believed in him were to receive; for as yet the Spirit had not been given, because Jesus was not yet glorified (John 7:38-39). “But you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you…” And when he had said this, as they were looking on, he was lifted up, and a cloud took him out of their sight (Acts 1:8-9). When the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place… And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit… (Acts 2:1-4) In him you also, who have heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and have believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, which is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory (Eph. 1:13-14). He saved us, not because of deeds done by us in righteousness, but in virtue of his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal in the Holy Spirit, which he poured out upon us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that we might be justified by his grace and become heirs in hope of eternal life (Titus 3:5-7). We Have More to Do If you noticed above, I was careful to say Christ did not accomplish everything needed for man’s salvation on the cross in a strict sense. The Bible and the Catholic Church do teach Christians can be said to be saved/justified by grace alone in the sense that it is God alone, and therefore, God’s grace alone, that is the first cause of our salvation (cf. Titus 3:5-7; Eph. 2:8-9). So, in that sense, we can say “Jesus did it all for us” though not just on the cross, but by his entire life, death, burial, resurrection, and priestly ministry at the right hand of the Father (cf. CCC 517). But when it comes to the application of those merits into the lives of real human beings, the Bible makes it equally clear that we are also “justified by works,” “obedience,” our “words,” our “faithful[ness],” and more. All of this on man’s end must be empowered by God’s grace in order to be meritorious before God, but in examining just some few of these texts we could consider below, we will discover in Scripture just what we find in CCC 2010: in the order of grace, no one can merit the initial grace of forgiveness and justification, at the beginning of conversion. Moved by the Holy Spirit and by charity, we can then merit for ourselves and for others the graces needed for our sanctification, for the increase of grace and charity, and for the attainment of eternal life. We will focus on “merit[ing] for ourselves” in this brief post. “Merit… for others” will be for another time and another post. We Must Contribute to Our Own Justification Before God You see that a man is justified by works and not by faith alone (James 2:24). Do you not know that if you yield yourselves to anyone as obedient slaves, you are slaves of the one whom you obey, either of sin, which leads to death, or of obedience, which leads to righteousness (Gr. - eis dikaiosunein - “leads to justification”). (Romans 6:16) I tell you, on the day of judgment men will render account for every careless word they utter; for by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned” (Matt. 12:36-37). For it is not the hearers of the law who are righteous before God, but the doers of the law who will be justified (Romans 2:14). We Must Be Faithful and Obey Christ …you will be hated by all for my name’s sake. But he who endures to the end will be saved (Matt. 10:22). Be faithful unto death, and I will give you the crown of life (Rev. 2:10). … but if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin… If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just, and will forgive our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness (I John 1:7-9). And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul; rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell… So everyone who acknowledges me before men, I also will acknowledge before my Father who is in heaven; but whoever denies me before men, I also will deny before my Father who is in heaven (Matt. 10:28-33). Space does not permit us to include the enormous numbers of biblical texts mandating for our salvation manifold things that we must do. We must “repent” (Acts 2:38; 3:19; Mark 1:15; II Cor. 7:8-10), be baptized (John 3:3-5; Romans 6:3-4; I Peter 3:21; Acts 22:16; Mark 16:16), persevere in obedience (Gal. 6:7-9; Romans 2:6-7; Acts 5:32; Heb. 5:8-9; II Tim. 2:12; John 15:1-6), keep the commandments (Matt. 19:16; I Cor. 7:19), and more. In fact, Jesus makes this about as clear as can be in Matt. 5:44-45: But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven. According to Jesus, you have to do something, e.g., “love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,” not just to demonstrate that you are “a son of your Father;” rather, “so that you may be,” or “so that you may become (Gr. - genesthe) a son of your Father.” One thing is abundantly clear: Jesus did not mean there is nothing else necessary for salvation when he said the famous words “it is finished.” So let’s get to work and “work out [our] salvation with fear and trembling!” (Phil. 2:12)
@Daniel Smith Is the "grace of perfect repentance" something that is implicitly derived from scripture or something again that has been developed by the Church?
@Daniel Smith Ok, do you have a place for me to look to find its implicit derivation other than the thief on the cross? Or better yet, is there a place of explicit derivation that would show an example of someone who is not granted the grace of perfect repentance before they die?
@Daniel Smith Not at all. I am trying to figure out your position on why the thief on the cross is different than any other person who repents. The thief repents and is with Christ in heaven (no purgatory for him). You say it is because he was granted the grace of perfect repentance. So I am trying to figure out from you where the difference is for any other person who repents but does have to go to purgatory. Was their repentance not perfect? You tried to flip that around on me, but I hope you can see my question now.
You have done your part on ecumenical theology, Gavin. I do understand if you want to do something different... BUT, I hope you will be back in this area if so in the future. You have a lot to give of something that is lacking from the protestant camp.
Thanks, Daniel. My tentative plan, which could completely change, is to finish up my study on indulgences and justification, and then give other things some focus, without completely leaving off this area, either. I will always consider whatever is most helpful to viewers as well.
The early Church never practiced the accretions of Faith ALONE and Scripture alone. The early Church didn't believe the Lord's Supper was only a symbol! Other than these, the early Church was PROTESTANT. As Dr. Ortlund's theory goes anyway! Again, Holy Scripture teaches we must all strive for that holiness without which no one shall see the Lord, and that we shall each be judged as we have judged others and we shall each be held accountable for every careless word we have uttered and shall each be held liable to judgment if angry with others and how we shall also receive punishment for the BAD we have done in the body on judgment day. Dr. Ortlund teaches these verses are not true! So sad! Dr. Ortlund is in my prayers as he journeys toward Truth! Peace always in Jesus Christ our Great and Kind God and Savior, He whose Flesh is true food and Blood true drink
"There is now SOME condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus" "To be absent in the body is to be present with Christ...after some time in cleansing suffering of course...not to worry, it may be shortened by indulgences"
I watched all the way to the end. I have endured my time, and my ignorance has been purged. Actually, this was thrilling to engage with. I love the Christ-like pastoral heart behind it, that His sheep would have assurance of rest without fear of torment, grounded in the sufficiency of His righteousness and His sufferings alone.
Watched to the end! I love the pastoral conclusion, really gets to the practical damage on our spiritual lives the doctrine of purgatory can have and how comforting the true doctrine. As a Baptist missionary serving in a majority Roman Catholic context I find these Protestant/Catholic videos helpful
Thank you for that. I especially liked what you said near the end about those who will be alive when Christ returns. If the proponents of purgatory are consistent, they would have to say that that final generation will also go to purgatory, which is unthinkable. I wish you had said a bit more about Abraham's bosom in Luke 16:22.
A fantastic resource! Thanks very much. I had no idea there is so much variety among the Church Fathers, let alone that it is separate from praying for the dead. Really interesting listen
Thank you for the information I was seeing videos about purgatory never heard of it and never read about it in the Bibel but good to know the history behind it.I did make it to the end 1:16:45
Hi Gavin, thanks for the work you're doing on this (and related topics)! It's rare to see something approaching real scholarship in the world of RU-vid apologetics, and even rarer to see someone engaging in it who has your passion for fairly understanding your opponents. Having been trained at an extremely polemical Reformed seminary, and feeling like almost the only person there who would openly take Catholicism seriously, I can't help feeling extremely grateful to find someone with your gifts and training presenting these issues so fairly and clearly. I remain Protestant, though perhaps not as settled as you are. If I lived near you, I think I would almost certainly come to your church because I would love the opportunity to talk to you more about these things. I view myself as always in process, always open to change, always eager for God to lead me deeper into the truth, and I have a hard time believing that my own forays into these matters could ever be sufficient for making very definite commitments. But hearing from you is definitely helpful, given the depth of your engagement with the historical sources. Anyway, thanks for your work and may God bless and use your ministry! -JG
Anglican here. Unfortunately too many of our Reformed siblings are so rigid in their doctrine that they seem ungracious to other Christians. I appreciate your seeming generosity of spirit. Many blessings.
Hey pastor Gavin. No problem with the length of this video. If you had made a 5 hours long video on the topic with every quote from the major church fathers and the catholic claim and your rebuttal, I would have watched it with no problem. I like what Mike Winger did in the women in ministry series and I watched it all! I think the servant of the Lord needs to be diligent and escape from the “instantaneous” mentality of our age in which only “5 mins sermons” are acceptable. Once again thanks so much for the clarity and research!
I watched to the end. I wasn't bored for one minute. I appreciate your scholarship and your willingness to refute these long held man-made Catholic doctrines that developed over the centuries and are not grounded in the Bible or in the early church.
Hello there, I'm a Pentecostal, got into the Church Fathers when I was about 16-17 and I've watched till the end of the video. Thanks and God bless you pastor.
I appreciate that you point out that it’s not true that everyone believed in purgatory for 1500 years, that Catholics claim. Thank you for going over those quotes in context.
I watched the whole video! Thank you for the topic. To think after what Christ has done on our behalf, taking the full wrath of God, and then to say, however you will still have to suffer in purgatory, is such a sad conclusion. What kind of God would that be? That would make God to be an unloving father. That makes God to be a cruel father. I love the thief on the cross example. How loving and reassuring Jesus statement to him was. Thanks again.
Hello my brother, I would like to clear this misunderstanding. Purgatory is where God exercise His love and mercy. Rev 21:27 says no impure who does evil and decietful could enter the gates of heaven. In Mathew 5 says that even if you look someone with lust you commit adultery or you make an oath/promise you didn't not honor then you already sinned, if you remove purgatory then how could we all enter heaven? Jesus says, Matthew 26:26 While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my body.” Then he took a cup,and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins...." Clearly Jesus says eat and drink but how are you forgiven from sins if you do not eat and drink His flesh and blood? John 6:53-57 also says that. When St Faustina has the chance to see purgatory she asked Jesus why do they have to suffer and Jesus replied "My mercy does not want this but justice demands it." If you love God then you know that God is kind and merciful but know that God is also a JUST God. We sin by breaking His law/commandments and you owe Him that's why its called debt in Mathew 6:12, forgiving is one thing but paying is another. Its like you say sorry but the damage has already made. And as a righteous God He will make reparations, for God chastice His men. Purgatory is an act of mercy, try removing it then no souls can enter the gate of heaven. Purgatory will clean your imperfection after all God is perfect and so you'll be.
2 years later and this video is still changing lives. Thank you for service sir. I have been grappling with this for a long time and you know its God's work when it produces peace in your heart, that peace which is beyond understanding, the peace that only a child feels when he/she openly trusts a father. This is how it should be, to feel like a child again and trust in the God that laid down His life for us. For the believer: " Today, you shall be with me in paradise. "
I flipflop back and forth on if we go to Hades or straight to heaven when we die. I think the best argument against believers going to Hades is that Jesus set the captives in Hades free. So it's possible that believers go to heaven and the unbelievers go to Hades until the resurrection. But I see so many scriptures that show that all go to Hades until the resurrection. It's a difficult subject and I struggle to land on a solid position on this. Thanks for the video.
Thank you. A good reminder that the refiner's fire is in this life. What a blessed hope, to rest in Christ until he brings the resurrection of the body and the restoration of all things!
Just finished watching - such a great video Gavin. The pastoral ending was extremely encouraging. You’ve been crucial in helping provide a historical background to my theology. Ever since reading your book on theological retrieval I’ve been deeply interested in church history. Thanks for all your hard work it’s been a blessing to my studies and my faith!
