Railways are much older than trains 

Or exploring old ruins

Old Train stations, the modern day uncharted subsahara

He’s so British my teeth hurt

This guy _explores_

Dress for the job you want, not the job you have.

Indeed. However, it does not seem to have sparked any further developments.

@@GoranXII Yes... imagine that someone 2000 years ago already played with the idea of a steam engine and we just ... forgot about it. Or never took it seriously... I mean yeah. Hindsight is 20/20 as they say - but looking back at all the wasted potential we already had and simply didn't use... it's mind boggling.

@@robertnett9793 calling the aeolipile a "steam engine" is bit of a stretch. It's simply far too low powered and inefficient to do any real work, it's was cool toy and little else (there's a great video by Adam Savage where he did make device that used aeolipile to tip tiny jug of milk into a cofee, and it struggled to do even that. The thing has almost zero torque). Ancient Greeks just didn't have metallurgical knowledge or precision manufacturing techniques needed for practical steam engines.

@@robertnett9793 That would be the aeliopile, as described in principle by Vitruvius (~80 BC - ~15 AD), with a working model later designed by Heron (~10 AD - ~70 AD). Of course, they lacked the metallurgy back then to really make anything more useful than a pumping engine, and even that might not have been especially practical.

@@HidingAllTheWay True that. And I don't really think that it would have worked in any meaningful capacity. What I was playing on was the idea, that Heron already grasped the fact, that steam could be harnessed to do work. It's less about the physical object he built but more about the concept that was already there - but then forgotten.

Not to mention ”drifting off in your own reverie”:-)

Not if there are goblins in the mine, noobs! 😎

@@SimonAshworthWood Goblinslayer? 😂

singing in mines was very widespread i hear. i went to a few hundred years old silver mine a couple years ago and the guides talked about it. they even demonstrated the acoustics of the mine with a historically accurate song

@@rallekralle11 Thanks! It makes a lot of sense in a dangerous environment, letting your comrades know where you’re at, and in good singing shape… or not!

You should watch his tikal video

@@FedericoAOlivieri I should! I missed it, thanks!

So that's where the family name Seacole came from.

Its not accurate The monks of Melrose for eg had the monopoly on coal mining in western scotland from around 1170 and remains of ancient workers in small mines in central Ayrshire were often reported when modern mines drifted into old workings eg antler picks and candles. These were small drift mines following surface seams in and along the seams. No where near the sea or seacoal. The Romans also took coal out of Scotland

Pincecone, meet pineapple!

Charcoal is wood burned in low oxygen.

@@naradaian I think the original poster was referring to the use of the word originating in Tudor times, not that coal wasn't used prior to that;). It's also useful to understand English was pretty regional in those days and that the same word could be used for different things. For example "corn" referred to whatever the most used grain crop was in the local area. So corn in southern England was wheat while further north it might refer to barley or oats. It's also why North Americans can get so confused as the only use for the word they're familiar with is in reference to maize or "Indian corn" as it used to be referred to;).

I'd never even heard that railways were used without steampower

@@curtisyue182 It makes sense though, it's much easier to push a high-capacity cart on fixed rails than to drag its contents along the ground

@@curtisyue182 I knew it mostly from mines, that they were used for hand or horse pulled carts. But I never knew, that they were used outside of them.

@@RyanTheHero3 There's a video on RU-vid of a driver getting out and pushing a huge diesel locomotive. Quite easily, in fact! Express trains were hitting 100mph quite frequently decades before cars did it, too. And that's with hundreds of people aboard!

@@curtisyue182 I knew because I saw carts/wagons on rails in video games and tv. But I never really THOUGHT about it, just put it in the back of the mind

Including making a graphic novel. Speaking of which, it's been well over two years since he asked everyone to pre order it. Is it out yet?

@@roccomezzogiorno9795 I'm sure it is. I think I remember him saying though that it was going to be a limited amount.

I just wish you could show him some respect by using complete sentences when you complement him.

And quite the sharp dresser too. What's in the vest pocket, snacks? =)

@@johnqpublic2718 yeah im disrespecting the heck out of him aint I?

Interesting. I'm from the Blackcountry and the accent and dialect is dying out. When I was a child it was common to pronounce words much differently and in a way that somehow reminds me of German. Fire = Fy-Ya. Coal = Co-Ull School = Skoo-Ull Down = Derw-Wun

This is great. Thank you

🤔 Sooo... English is just a bastardisations of German/Dutch, just as American English is a bastardisation of proper English. 👍

Really interesting! As far as I'm aware wain is also used as a synonym for leaning e.g it's waining to one side. Although I'm not sure on the origins or spelling 😂

Well done! Lovely to see someone appreciate language like I do.

Hh iiui7uý9jyùi..mmmmm X Vcm

the large ember trap was also there because they ran on both coal or wood, depending on what was available at the various fueling stops, and ran through very dry places like the great plains, but even running through towns it was a necessity because the stray embers could set houses on fire in many places since towns in the US tended to be made of wood and thatch. its just an adaptation for running trains through north america, much like the giant headlamp us trains tended to have

@@AsbestosMuffins and ancient Egyptian mummies.

Luckily enough we learned to put nuclear reactors on our steam engines. No more embers flying and burning random houses... What a relief.

@@AsbestosMuffins that said those ember catchers didn't last that long outside of logging lines. For most of the age of steam they burned coal, later sometimes oil, and they didn't need the spark arresters.

​@@robertnett9793 You know those are just designs, I don't believe anyone has experimented making a locomotive powered by an on-board nuclear reactor.

Spoken like someone who never scalded their fingers off with a Mecanno steam engine

I need more Stirling engines in my life.

@@tomaspabon2484 How do you type without fingers?

I don't particularly care for them, I'm just here because I like listening to Lloyd explain just about anything... except dancing, I don't watch those. No offence Lloyd.

@@jonathonrobinson6081 i slam my face into the keyboard until i get the word i want. Takes a few hundred tries per word but hey if it works.

Modern History TV is also brilliant and informative!

Oh, hi Jason.

Yeah they speak weird too. As in "eee that's champion"

@@williamwilliam5066 whats champion

Horses were quite bad at pulling heavy loads back in the days before the horse collar. Using an ox collar on a horse suffocates it, you see. After the development of dedicated collars for horses, horses were actually found to be superior at pulling loads to oxen.

Thanks for explaining this guys.

@@Plotatothewondercat I wonder if "superior at pulling loads" means "could pull more" or "could pull less but still enough that the ease of use outweighs that easily now" I only say this because, despite having seen and worked with shire horses, they still don't have that dense, low muscle mass that oxen seem to have. Just wondering, I didn't even know that the horse collar came at a later date, so thank you for that!

Ah, that makes sense! Thanks for that; didn’t know the horse collar came later. Though given how comparatively recent ours were (~1840s through ~1890s), there has to be some other reason for using bullocks over horses. No idea what that is, but I might look it up later. I have a few suspicions about heat tolerance and long-distance endurance, but until I know more there’s not much point me speculating.

Interesting…

scrolled too far for this

Wow, thats really clever! I have never thought of that

@@LegendLength at what point does he mention that? I have re watched it and at no point I can find, does he speak about it.

@@LegendLength I merely pointed out that the reason wheels are shaped like that, has nothing to do with braking. Brake shoes are actually designed to allow for that sloping effect and over time they wear to a point where they match the wheels to which they are braking. I also mentioned one of the main reasons that wheels are the design that they are. Wheels also change their contour over time and the wheels themselves wear away. Rail wheels are far more complex than perhaps you realise. They have to have a certain amount of lateral and longitudinal movement to compensate for the oscillating movement before critical velocity is reached, at which point the wheels settle nicely into a gentle rhythm. So, they are far more complex than he mentions, so I chose to provide the extra information, which he was probably unaware of.

@@LegendLength you had a point? Which was what exactly, might I ask?

@@LegendLength incidentally, I did not correct him, I actually expanded upon a point that he made.

American here who knows little about new Zealand. Very cool stuff, thank you

Three waggons tied together. Is that not a train?

@@lindybeige Unless it goes Choo Choo it should not legally be classed as a train.

14th century fashion: "hold my beer". ;)

@@lindybeige that might be a train but its lacking the cool location mover bit

Lindy is of course correct a "train" can be a non-steam locomotive vehicle caravan. Gene Roddenberry famously pitched his new "Star Trek" show to the TV network, by calling it a "Wagon Train to the Stars" (referring to a popular Western TV show of the day). In the Napoleonic Wars, "Baggage Trains" were sometimes captured by the enemy. "Artillery Train" is defined as: "A number of pieces of ordnance mounted on carriages, with all their furniture, ready for marching." These predate the steam railway by a long time, the military uses going back at least to the 18th century and probably sooner. In the US, mule or horse drawn railway trains also existed for mining and short-distance transport, and they often had multiple small hopper cars carrying coal, ore, or quarry stone hitched and pulled together. It seems the earlier definition of: "A succession of vehicles or pack animals traveling in the same direction"; morphed to also include the latter meaning.

Interesting.

Overhead cableways use the same technique. I believe there is exactly one still in operation in the UK…

Switzerland had lots of those

That used to be the main method exporting coal from the Forest of Dean to the River Severn... downhill all the way.

There's an inclined plane at the slate museum at Llanberis in Snowdonia.

Love Tanfield Railway and the Causy Arch, Then there is the steam trains at Beamish just a mile down the old line.

@@dogwalker666 Beamish! I loved Beamish, went there over 30 years ago :)

Oh, Canada.. what have you become

exactly as primitive differential in cars :)

@@siriusczech - Yup, simple technology that still being used on Bullet-trains to keep it flying off the rails literally.

Similar to the road trains in Australia

My family was still using a Conestoga wagon as late as 1910--and this wasn't way out west, either. This was in Virginia.

He's British. British think that the American view of history is just "herr derr muh freedoms and cowboys, Roosevelt saved teh world". Granted there ARE Americans who think like that, but probably about as many as those who think British history is "Herr derr Muh colonization and monarchy, Churchill saved teh world!" Different of course being, we get judged for our weirdos.

@@spiffygonzales5899 interesting what would a German say?

@@ralfrudiger7276 Get ze flammenwerfer Ralf

Hmmm? The people who built it made it curve because they were drunk? Or they drunk all of the water from the canal?

@@SimonAshworthWood Or perhaps the commenter was sufficiently drunk when hearing the story that he's unsure of his recollection of that bit.

@@laurencefraser To be honest, both are possible...

I thought it meant "road", but I guess "track" and "road" are basically synonyms.

@@StandardGoose Bahn is a word with many applications. We use it for bowling lanes, race tracks, railways, road lanes, roller coasters, and lines of textiles (particularly unrolled). Basically everything that is flat, more or less straight, and very long.

@@StandardGoose I think it used to mean more generally “way”, as in the command “macht Bahn!”, which means “make way!” Also, see “Autobahn”, which has nothing to do with tracks but is a (prepared) way for cars, similar to the English word motorway. The previous answer about even more generic uses (lane, textile rolls etc.) is also correct.

Eisenbahn is also an awesome beer brand

The same is true in French (chemin de fer) and Italian (ferrovia). It was originally true in Dutch as well (ijzeren spoorweg) but we dropped the iron part cause it was redundant and frankly too long

I've also heard creeper, but never sleeper.

Sleeper is definitely the standard, common British term for the wooden beams that connect the two rails. As an English person I have heard the term cross ties before, but I wasn't sure to what in particular it was referring; I had the vague idea that it would be the metal bits which join each section of rail to another or to the sleepers!

I’m American, my grandfather worked for L&N through the 1940’s I think. I have always known “sleepers” as a synonym for “ties.”

Sleeper is the term used in Australia.

I thought that the sleepers were to support the weight of the rail and a tie was to prevent the rails from spreading apart (where necessary).

Ah, so the area cancels itself out? I'm thinking 2 square inches has double the area of 1, but half the force per square inch, so it would cancel out. Interesting, I never thought of that before. Thanks!

@@eekee6034 Yes, exactly. It's the same with the number of wheels. Double the amount of wheels means half the contact force per wheel and thus half the braking force. A car with 6 wheels can't brake any better than a car with 4 wheels (ceteris paribus).

@@eekee6034 That's trueish until you start hitting the limits of the materials. Imagine a diesel-electric locomotive with 4 tiny wheels. It could have the same braking force as a locomotive with 12 reasonably sized drive wheels if they weigh the same. In reality, you would find that the wheels and track would quickly deform each other and then rip each other apart though. And that's putting aside the engineering challenges of making such a locomotive that doesn't just quickly rip *itself* apart. Once you get into deformation of surfaces, F=u*n doesn't really apply that well. Here's a good example to think about - Currently, there is ankle deep snow on the ground here. If I wear my boots and walk through the snow, it's not a big deal if I crush the snow. In fact, It would give me better traction and I would be less likely to fall on my ass. If the snow was waist deep, it would be a big problem. There would be tons of resistance to overcome for every foot of progress I want to make. In order to get anywhere without wasting a *ton* of energy, I would need to increase my contact patch with the snow. Solutions would be to crawl, grow extra feet (maybe get bitten by a radioactive centipede), or get snow shoes.

@@ColonelSandersLite Thanks, but I already figured material deformation changes the game. :) I'm thinking the formula is most interesting to me in the context of Kerbal Space Program. The game gives you parts to build vehicles but wheels behave strangely, especially spaceplane landing gear. I'm thinking it probably takes that formula as-is without any attempt at simulating material deformation. Wheels behave the same whether they're on tarmac gravel or grass. The latter is especially strange for reasons I'm sure you understand. :) It's worth fitting extra wheels to rovers because you get a motor of limited power with each wheel, but planes brake just as poorly on tarmac as grass. I wouldn't fancy being Centipede Man. What would I do when the villains turn up? Wiggle at them? ;) But working with... I don't know, Mr. Snow or something would work... lol

@@eekee6034 I think centipede man would wait under a rock to scare the crap out of them when they turn it over. That's how I usually find them anyways! Edit - also the dude can use like 98 weapons at the same time. So ambush tactics and overwhelming firepower.

I second this notion ✋🏻

i know i love his random historical ramblings

This is history lmao

I would love another sailor/pirate/savage captive story, like the one about the white headhunter.

I would argue, that traveling is a bit of a problem right now. But I am convinced he will get back to that, when the situation allows for it :D There's still a lot stories to tell :D

I think a hound is human drawn. We have the same in Danish where we call a small human-drawn flatbed (for gaffers for instance) a hund. In that sense it refers to something a human pulls behind them.

waggons was called hund because of bad oiling and terrible sounds when moved along, they was pulled by humans originally then by mules after

Joke's on them, I diaper my horses and just collect that sweet, sweet paydirt back at home.

it's more the owner was the one feeding the horses and if there was any money to be made from manure he was going to be the one getting it. Also, that the coal is what they were being paid for.

From writer to writer... it's never too late for nice retconn on account of good research!

Oh dear!

@@thewekender2701 Well post publishing is a bit too late, but luckily I'm not close to that yet.

What is the book about? Maybe you can incorporate my idea it's very good I know you'll love it and audiences as well! It will not be intrusive on your story. Here it is: The main protagonist is a scientist, a very solitary one. He only ever meets or speaks with his assistant, who is working with him on a daily basis. The protagonist is trying to build a machine, that can view a picture of a person's soul. However when trying the machine on his assistant, the picture always comes out spikey, and that's not what the souls is supposed to look like. Therefore he keeps working on his machine. At some point, something happens and the scientist together with his assistant is forced on an adventure, where they learn to know each other and open up. The assistans has had a hard life befor they meet, and wasn't really able to trust other people. But during this adventure, that all changes. When they come back home, at the end of the adventure. The assistant accidentally walks through the machine, and the scientist notices that the picture is now smooth. The machine was working all the time, but the assistant had to learn to let people in before they could get a picture of the beauty of a soul. Oh, and the book will have to be set in a cyberpunk setting. You can work that into the story somehow I'm sure. Let me know when you are ready to print, I will be ready to discuss royalties by then. Good luck, you're welcome! :)

@@oonmm My book is fantasy, so I don't think it will really fit in, sorry.

On all of my cars, both rear wheels are locked. I should know as I have repaired many of them at some point. On my wife's Volvo, the rear left wheel had an issue and was non functional, but because the rear right was fine, it still held on slopes.

I got sucked into a lot of speculation about why the Americans chose to drive on the right because of a similar observation about the brake on stagecoaches. Look on old Westerns and the brake lever is on the right - so that the right handed driver could grasp it. This suggests the drive sat on the right side of the coach, which would suggest he drove on the left hand side of the road.... Here I go again...

@@andyjarman4958 it has something to do with stagecoaches, it is because initially, the driver rode on the rear left horse so he could use his whip on all the horses if required.

Err, garbage. Certainly wouldn't pass any MOT or mechanical inspection.

Worth a visit, and Beamish open air museum is only a mile away, the steam whistles from both places is lovely.

@@dogwalker666 Was planning on going the year of the 300th anniversary. Now knowing they want to restore a bit of the wooden tramway I want even more 😊

@@cmrd_hdcrb yes they have made the cutting on the north bank it's beside the platform, I got some interesting archeology out of it, the embankments are very steep and at this time of year extremely muddy but a great place to explore.

@@dogwalker666 I cant quite follow 😅

The cutting for the tramway has been cut out of the woods the Oak trees cut down that have grown there in the 250 years since it was abandoned, when they dug the soil I found old pottery and bottles etc.

😁

The audio was fine to me.