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SN1 Reaction

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Why is SN2 a one-step reaction and SN1 a two-step reaction! Argh! Just listen to Dave, he'll tell you about the mechanism, intermediate, and lack of stereospecificity for the SN1 reaction. Look out for racemic mixtures!
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Опубликовано:

22 авг 2024

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Комментарии : 197

@THEsweetums 8 лет назад

Your videos helped me get an A in chemistry and because of my grades i was accepted into medical school. :D thank you professor Dave.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 8 лет назад

woohoo! congrats!

@samruddhinaik8297 6 лет назад

THEsweetums wow congrats!

@user-tl5kj3yq8f 5 лет назад

THEsweetums How is mes school going. My mes school will start in a few weeks and I am kinda nervous.

@jenspetter1454 4 года назад

How`s med school treating you?

@lunaabade 3 года назад

I like how he came back to this video to comment after getting accepted to med school, lol

@monavanderwal2248 4 года назад

What I was trying to understand for few hours now, you explained clearly under two minutes. You are very talented. Keep up the good work!

@asshwinm 8 лет назад

My teacher said it would take 6 hours to teach this, you taught in 6 minutes!!! What a irony.. subscribed

@shreyasingh8498 5 лет назад

My teachers said 6 months

@capturexproductions5958 5 лет назад

My teachers said 6 births

@saileshs705 3 года назад

My teacher said 6 generations

@Einsteinnr2 3 года назад

LMAO

@nibrasulhaque9168 3 года назад

My teacher never taught this topic....

@ryeanairall2014 7 лет назад

My teacher does not teach and makes us watch Kahn academy videos. Your videos helped me more than Kahn's did. Thank You, Professor Dave!

@ProfessorDaveExplains 7 лет назад

woohoo! tell your teacher to suggest me instead of khan! :P

@nileshchaudhari3295 7 лет назад

Our teachers are really alot boring

@kashif_thesoulreaper3221 4 года назад

lmao yeh to hoga

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

I know it's been a long long time, but I just came across your comment and I was curious. How did the rest of your classes go?

@zainabcassim6010 3 года назад

I like that you explain such concepts in short time. It really helps to keep us concentrated thru the time period. Thanks alot professor .

@daniellujano5894 6 лет назад

Professor Dave proves that we’re all paying too much money for college.

@ryanalexander3034 8 лет назад

You are Jesus I'm going to pass O Chem because of you I love you professor Dave

@ProfessorDaveExplains 8 лет назад

+Ryan Alexander you are welcome, my son.

@cyberfood1352 8 лет назад

Professor Dave Explains my son ahhahaha

@Omar-fj1bw Год назад

It's insane the amount of students you've helped over the years. Words can't describe how appreciative I am for you

@sci8 2 года назад

more clear and concise in 3min than my profs' multiple hour long lectures.

@jehadmahran 2 года назад

I am rewatching the playlist before the final.. and I can't appreciate the effort in those videos enough, Thank you.

@maximussarcasticus1312 6 лет назад

Hi Professor Dave, I'm Student Dave. Thanks for making these short and sweet. Appreciate the knowledge! Might just pass O-chem now!

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

I know it's been a long long time, but did you pass ochem?

@maximussarcasticus1312 2 года назад

@@PunmasterSTP Yep, and with a solid B thanks in part to these videos! The professor I had believed in the "flipped classroom" method, which has little direct instruction. And that is what I needed. These videos helped break down difficult concepts and get me through O-chem!

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

@@maximussarcasticus1312 I'm really glad to hear that! How'd the rest of college go?

@maximussarcasticus1312 2 года назад

@@PunmasterSTP Long journey. Still going. Love learning science stuff!

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

@@maximussarcasticus1312 I'm glad to hear it, and personally I'll always love learning science stuff!

@rupakchanda3503 4 года назад

Simply explained..... A massive concept explorer... Thnx a lot ...professor Dev

@fukpoeslaw3613 3 года назад

1a)So, it's a two step because Chloride or chloreen (neg ion of Cl I mean) is going to let loose independent of the attacking water molecule? 1b)But is it letting loose cause it's in water so it can dissolve easyer? 2)The two lobes in the drawing down left are empty right? 3) what is hyper conjugation? Thanks!! in advance.

@AmigoGabe 4 года назад

man you're the best! thanks for always making exactly the videos i need! they're easy to watch and its straight forward!

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

SN1? More like "Great content? This is definitely some!" Thanks again for making so many videos that convey so much knowledge and understanding.

@ivkoklbik 5 лет назад

As being physicist, I appreciate that molecular geometry approach.

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

What type of physics do you do? Do you do research, and if so, how is it going?

@smolcryingpepo 5 дней назад

how does this guy know everything, you can find a video of him explaining any topic perfectly

@Iklilledurhamster49 8 лет назад

Thanks Professor Dave, your videos help a lot! I will share your videos with students who struggle with O-Chem!

@Buchkanbhaiya3288 2 года назад

All is well sir but I'm able to understand ur pronounciation by the way many much more 🤣 love from india

@daniweissman2853 9 лет назад

Professor Dave, thank you for all of these tutorials!

@stefaniecruz3185 6 лет назад

Professor BAE explains.... Uhhhh I mean professor Dave explains 😂😂😂

@tarulshegokar20 3 года назад

Thank you chemistry Jesus....I've got an exam tomorrow...you saved me...🙃🙃🙂🙂

@ubsoccer10 9 лет назад

Love the videos, any chance you could make a spectroscopy tutorial?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 9 лет назад

Kyle K in my next update I plan to include tutorials for NMR spectroscopy, and possibly IR and mass spectroscopy as well. Thanks for watching!

@dickensnathan5558 5 месяцев назад

To be honest I don't understand what you're explaining

@seanc.reynolds8829 9 лет назад

In this reaction though, wouldn't the chloride leaving group shield one side of the carbocation as it leaves? If that's the case, once water attacks the carbocation one side of attack will be preferential due to the shielding from the leaving group. I think this means that a SN1 substrate that generates a chiral product actually wouldn't form a racemic mixture (50/50 mix of enantiomers), but would instead form more of the product that results from addition of water to the unshielded side of the carbocation and much less of the product resulting from addition to the shielded side. In the example in the video, though, it wouldn't matter because a tert-butyl chloride shouldn't form a chiral molecule in SN1.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 9 лет назад

Shizzan Reynoodles i'm not aware of any such shielding effects, i only know SN1's to be completely unspecific in terms of stereochemistry. for the carbocation to be completely planar, there must be no remaining interaction with the leaving group, so it must be equally available on both sides for substitution, otherwise if there was still interaction with the leaving group it would have some SN2 character. of course there are many reactions that are truly somewhere in between SN1 and SN2, it gets a little messy.

@tenorosmanaj5588 8 лет назад

+Shizzan Reynoodles yeah I agree with you

@tinasayari716 6 лет назад

You are completely right Sean, it wouldn't be a complete 50%/50% racemic mixture! Rather that the product is approximately 80% racemized and 20% inverted

@tinasayari716 6 лет назад

The leaving group shields one side of the carbocation intermediate from reaction with the nucleophile, thereby leading to some net inversion of configuration rather than complete racemization

@violetterays8155 4 года назад

dude no joke, you're helping me understand so much topic

@mariamziad9379 9 месяцев назад

This channel makes my life so much easier

@ariannaromero5075 7 лет назад

You're an angel

@hazharakati5131 6 лет назад

Professor Dave you're an absolute legend sir!! Thank you!

@tomaspecl1082 8 лет назад

So cool channel! Everything is explaned on this channel, how everything works so even I (14 year old boy) can understand how does biochemistry works. Thank you for making so great videos.

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

That's awesome! I know it's been a long time, but I just came across your comment, and I'm curious about how your education has been going.

@tomaspecl1082 2 года назад

@@PunmasterSTP Hello. Its been going great. I am just finishing secondary school and then I am planning to go to university. I will go to faculty of applied science in Pilsen.

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

@@tomaspecl1082 That's awesome! I'm really glad to hear it!

@xcalibur1523 7 лет назад

Good work professor Dave ...really love your work..u explain so fantastic that even a dumb like me got good marks..thank u :)

@shreyasingh8498 5 лет назад

You are much better than my school teachers

@mortezamrg6984 3 года назад

Thank you prof.Dave your videos are great

@jocelynnemarie806 3 года назад

So the example reaction shown in this video doesnt produce a pair of enantiomer because its leaving group is not attached to a chiral center right? (since the C atom at center is not attached to 4 DIFFERENT substituents)

@evelineberg4764 9 месяцев назад

I thought so too! In his example there's no stereocenter but he's telling us that in general you should see if the reaction has produced a stereocenter and if so, there would be a 50/50 mix of the products. Important note for this video..

@asmaamohamed6823 7 лет назад

thanks alot you are really a good teacher :)

@swagy4379 3 года назад

You helped me to clear my entrance exam Thanks a lot

@PunmasterSTP 2 года назад

That's awesome! How have your studies been going?

@AhnafAbdullah 4 года назад

I find it funny how Sn1 reactions are in my syllabus but I don't understand half of the words you said.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 4 года назад

watch the SN2 video first, i define the terms

@nananoname3089 Год назад

why... have i not found your channel earlier... I would've passed my exams on first try and not be struggling so much for so long to now.. somehow try to scrape up my knowledge after corona nirvana xD ... but well at least now. thank you sooo much I feel if I study with your videos I hav a chance of passingggg!!!

@hazemkhaled6108 5 лет назад

iam from egypt ...and your video helped me indeed

@kassyg3897 3 года назад

congrats for being a part of the orgo holy trinity of youtube

@sciencenerd7639 2 года назад

very clear and concise

@nagcar9260 4 года назад

If you would’ve taught me ochem I would’ve passed it the first time I took it 😭 Thank god I found you

@Johnnymemories 9 лет назад

The ending of the song was wicked!

@sawdomohamed2217 3 года назад

Thank you so much teacher from somalia🇸🇴

@tomau3946 2 года назад

Sn1: One reaction has happened. Two more to go. SN2: Two reactions have happened. One more to go.

@MadriJayakody 5 лет назад

You are amazingggg

@adasulaiman 5 лет назад

Thank you very much, you are really a good teacher

@avantika6077 Год назад

Why does the oxygen have positive charge btw? It has two lone pairs on its own.

@gracerheault4678 3 года назад

I love you Professor Dave

@CliffStamp 7 лет назад

Why does the Chlorine just leave? What is the solvent doing specially which causes that?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 7 лет назад

a good question! yes it is due to interactions with solvent particles, which is why these kinds of mechanisms are best suited for polar solvents. halogens are quite polarizable, and if they collide with solvent particles in just the right way, the attraction can be enough to break the carbon-halogen bond, but this is an endothermic step, and the rate-determining step, it's very slow and unfavorable.

@potenzersingh1520 7 лет назад

+Professor Dave Explains Thank u so much I too had same question!!

@rima9967 6 лет назад

you are great person >>thanks

@LivingWithSpinaBifida 3 года назад

this is not the video i expected when i clicked on it xD this isnt SpaceX. lol

@rebeccazhang8542 3 года назад

i literally love you thank you

@Thaumius 5 лет назад

Is it always true that SN1 will undergo an acid base reaction or is only for solvolysis? ex: Tertbutyl Bromide + OH- -> ?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 5 лет назад

we can't make such generalizations, SN1 is just a mechanism, many different reactions follow this mechanism

@RayanMADAO 8 лет назад

Wouldn't the Cl- make HCl from the H20+?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 8 лет назад

+Mayo taizou HCl is a stronger acid than H3O+, so a chloride ion won't be basic enough to deprotonate hydronium, at least not appreciably.

@aidat7657 4 года назад

Dear Professor , I have a question. Why negative charge stabilizes the carbocation? Isnt this negative charge a trouble for nucleophile itself carrying a negatie charge with electrons? what is actually meant by "stability" of carbocation? thanks for your video!!!

@Snakesake2099 7 месяцев назад

I'm sorry mate, I know it's too late! Carbocation is stabalized by electron donating groups via eitger of one of the process such as Inductive effect,Hyperconjugation and offcourse the Mesomeric effect. Coming to your question A negative charge would never stabalize a Carbocation till it is not in conjugated system! Which is one of the conditions for Resonance effect! Hope this helps

@braydenhascup1560 4 года назад

Love these vids!!

@aru0066 2 года назад

I have a question sir! can you please tell, how is %age racemisation depending on the leaving grp. ability and stability of carbocation! waiting for your answerb

@user-un1ts9uz4y 6 лет назад

Thank you man your areal life saver😍

@nikhilverma6398 4 года назад

Thanks a lot Dave ♥️

@khanveer7981 4 года назад

How carbocation has sp2 hybridized orbitals ????

@ProfessorDaveExplains 4 года назад

it only has three electron domains

@ALIEN-wp9ph 5 лет назад

How is the intermediate so different and why does water attack? Is there an equation or something like a question to show that water has to attack? I don’t understand :(

@ProfessorDaveExplains 5 лет назад

well it doesn't have to attack, the leaving group could get back on, there could be elimination, it's just one of the things that can happen. and by tweaking reaction conditions you can get it to happen preferentially.

@dhwananmirani6042 7 лет назад

Thanks Mr.Dave

@kayakalp10 6 лет назад

l and d are 50% 50% in recemic mixture and recemic mixture is not polarise light to right or left and u say 50%/50% R and S confrugration i dont understand professor dave.??

@ProfessorDaveExplains 6 лет назад

L and D is terminology that specifically applies to sugars, in general stereocenters are either R or S

@rassimsimou1594 Год назад

Good

@andreafrancescon2370 8 лет назад

oh god i love u so much, i want to raise a child with u in our country house. thank you.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 8 лет назад

will there be many butlers?

@Yashpandey467 7 лет назад

Professor Dave Explains I challenge you, if you solved any question of "IIT JEE advanced " examination ( chemistry section) ,I will gift you lambo.

@ProfessorDaveExplains 7 лет назад

i don't know what that test is and i don't know what lambo is!

@Yashpandey467 7 лет назад

Professor Dave Explains Lamborghini. and google IIT JEE question paper

@ProfessorDaveExplains 7 лет назад

oh yeah, i'll take a car!

@changminhaa786 5 лет назад

Rate of sn1 mechanism only depends upon the concentration of substrate ???? Justify

@kjeevan9945 7 лет назад

thanks a lot

@lisset56 5 лет назад

einstein was wearing the same suit the life and you change shirt just to say "thanks for watching?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 5 лет назад

I said the sign-off once and pasted it at the end of every video. It's called efficiency.

@shiransaldana8606 2 года назад

You are a god I love you

@HexaneChemistry 4 месяца назад

Thanks

@ramshaazeem2181 7 лет назад

why carbon changes it's state of hybridization from tetrahedral to planar? 😕

@ProfessorDaveExplains 7 лет назад

because when the leaving group leaves, it takes the electrons in that covalent bond with it, so carbon loses an electron domain! with only three remaining, trigonal planar is the best geometry. check out my general chemistry tutorial on VSEPR theory for more help with this!

@absalommkapyelata6060 7 лет назад

awsome stuff

@max_maverick 5 лет назад

Wait a minute... I don't get why can't this reaction proceed as Sn2, like in the previous vid?. Or these two are just competing mechanisms?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 5 лет назад

nucleophile isn't strong enough to attack substrate

@honchhojack8181 Год назад

It feels illegal to understand something in under 5 mins than my professor does in 90 minutes

@dsir172 5 лет назад

What exactly is the difference between sn1 and E1 ?

@ProfessorDaveExplains 5 лет назад

One is substitution, the other is elimination! Huge difference.

@SameerSk 7 лет назад

You are a second version of sal khan

@danda8019 7 лет назад

what if we had an (Ch3)³C-Oh , It would be possible for an Cl- or any strong base to steal the H from that Oh?

@danda8019 7 лет назад

please help me, this is the one little thing that keeps annoying me because i can t understand why it wouldn t happen if the oxigen pulls so hard on the shared electrons, maybe it repells the chloride..maybe it s a more stable final product this way, i just can t find the answear. Thank you!

@ProfessorDaveExplains 7 лет назад

a strong base can deprotonate tert-butanol, sure, but not chloride.

@danda8019 7 лет назад

Professor Dave Explains Is it because Chloride is stable by itself? And also thank youu very much btw 👌👌

@ProfessorDaveExplains 7 лет назад

yep, HCl is a strong acid so chloride is an extremely weak base

@danda8019 7 лет назад

Professor Dave Explains And so if a very strong base would deprotonate the alcohol what would happen next can be a separate reaction from Sn2/E2? I mean it can as well make a Sn2/E2 reaction if the base it s Na Oh, considering oh- wouldn t be hindered by any sterical repulsions because it s so small ,so my question is can there also be a secondary reaction and by 'miracle' form an ether or something, like having the deprotonated alcohol interacting with the alkene in the solution in any strange way.Why isn t that possible professor?