The Active Volcano near Lake Baikal in Russia; Jom Bolok

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West of Lake Baikal, the world's deepest lake, is an active volcano which few people have ever heard of. Known as Jom Bolok, this volcano last erupted in the 12th century, with another recent eruption ranking in as one of the planet's largest effusive eruptions in the last 10,000 years. This is the story of the Jom Bolok volcano, which has produced several glacial river valley filling lava flows in the last 15,000 years.
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Sources/Citations:
[1] Ivanov, Alexei & Arzhannikov, S.G. & Demonterova, Elena & Arzhannikova, Anastasia & Orlova, Lyubov. (2011). Jom-Bolok Holocene volcanic field in the East Sayan Mts., Siberia, Russia: Structure, style of eruptions, magma compositions, and radiocarbon dating. Bulletin of Volcanology. 73. 1279-1294. 10.1007/s00445-011-0485-9.
[2] Alexander A. Shchetnikov, Elena V. Bezrukova, Sergey K. Krivonogov, Late Glacial to Holocene volcanism of Jom-Bolok Valley (East Sayan Mountains, Siberia) recorded by microtephra layers of the Lake Kaskadnoe-1 sediments, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Volume 173, 2019, Pages 291-303, ISSN 1367-9120, doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2019...)
[3] U.S. Geological Survey
0:00 Siberia's Volcanoes
1:08 Lake Baikal Rift
1:32 Eruptive History
2:24 Atkinson Lava Flow
3:39 Future Hazards

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27 май 2024

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Комментарии : 66

@mikeyd946 Месяц назад

Just learned Baikal was a part of a rift zone very cool! This channel is the best! Thank you Geology Hub!

@Dragrath1 Месяц назад

Yeah it's a rift lake within the rift zone known as the Baikal rift zone where the Amur plate is splitting away from the Eurasian plate. The tectonics around the Amur plate are interesting you have rifting to the west a zone of largely translational faulting with lots of Earthquakes the full away basin which separates mainland Eurasia from the Korean peninsula with the northern half of Japan being in part due to a triple convergence boundary between the two continental affinity plates the Amur plate, an ancient proterozoic aged cratonic core and surrounding terrains formerly part of Gondwana prior to the formation of Pangaea, & the Okhotsk plate, an old severed off chunk of North America, and the oceanic Pacific plate which is subducting beneath these two colliding continental plates.

@arrionelton Месяц назад

In the Republic of Yakutia (Russia), there is a single, single volcano "Balagan-Tas"

@tHebUm18 Месяц назад

Would be neat to have a full video on Lake Baikal.

@donaldduck830 Месяц назад

Yeah. As a kid I thought that such features were super rare, now I learn that there are such rifts in East Africa, Palestine (Dead Sea) and now Lake Baikal. And for all of those to exist there must be subduction zones at other places.

@Dragrath1 Месяц назад

@@donaldduck830 Yeah there are a few more rift zones too to account for. In particular there is also a rift complex in Antarctica where west Antarctica is splitting away from East Antarctica which are why the ice is so much less stable there compared to the eastern part of the continent with the crust also able to much more rapidly rebound to ice loss because it is relatively thin and hot there. I can't help but be concerned with the implications of the loss of ice in his region since similar deglaciation in volcanically active areas has resulted in a short lived major spike in volcanic activity as the weight of ice suppressing volcanic activity is removed. North America has some major active extension too though with a different character involving more of clockwise rotation which seems to be related to the relative difference in motion of the North American and Pacific plates. You have the Rio Grande rift zone which separates the Basin and Range province from the more stable eastern half of the Continent. There is an even more sharp rift like zone of deformation in California where the rigid Great Valley Sierra Nevada crustal block is in the process of getting sheared off of the continent proper and if it weren't for the Colorado river delta blocking off the Pacific Ocean the ocean would be able to reach all the way into Palm Springs California as both the Salton trough and Death Valley are well below sea level. I should note that these features all lie along the lower than average density slow sheer velocity zone in the upper mantle which corresponds to the East Pacific Rise so the rifting in NA might better be thought of as a consequence of NA crossing the deeply rooted fast spreading ridge. For more info on that check into Nick Zentner's A to Z livestreams for the Crazy Eocene and Baja BC if you have the time or at least look at the papers which cover these topics and the new emerging geological picture. There are probably some other ones out there too as Earth is a complicated place.

@marielundi Месяц назад

Hello! Thank you for the video! I am from Russia and it's very nice to hear we don't have volcanoes only on Kamchatka 😄 Although I didn't find the name "Jom Bolok" used to call this system. We simply know it as Volcano Valley or sometimes Khi Gol. Khi Gol (as Jom Bolok) is a river.

@N8844H Месяц назад

Kimberlite diamond pipes, volcanic in origin, also occur in Yakutia. Though the kimberlite up in Mirny was buried by half a kilometer of permafrost. Russians, in their inevitable way, exposed it by detonating a nuclear explosive to clear off the ice and rock to expose the diamond-bearing ore. And leukemia rates in that small Arctic town reflect that unfortunate fact to this very day.

@maurasmith-mitsky762 Месяц назад

Unbelievable. A nuke to clear ice and snow?

@thatperson6471 Месяц назад

I'm a long time fan of your content I swear I've learned more off the Internet than anywhere else but I love it that way

@suzettebavier4412 Месяц назад

Much appreciated, once again, GH

@mbvoelker8448 Месяц назад

I vaguely knew that Lake Baikal was as related to a rifting episode, but mistakenly thought it was an inactive "failed rift" like the one in North America that is related to the Great Lakes. Interesting to find out that Siberia has an active rift.

@donaldduck830 Месяц назад

Wow, really? I always thought the Great Lakes had been scooped out by glaciers, like the Bodensee in Germany, the Fjords in Norway or similar. A "failed rift". Thank you for teaching me in addition to GeoHub!

@mbvoelker8448 Месяц назад

@@donaldduck830 They were scooped out by glaciers, but there is a failed rift in North America that provided a general path for the glaciers to follow. It's all very complicated though with a lot of factors interacting.

@donaldduck830 Месяц назад

@@mbvoelker8448 Ah, ok. As always, the world is even more complicated ;)

@jpopelish Месяц назад

To aid viewers, who want to further explore these volcanic locations on Google Maps or Google Earth, it would be very helpful if you included the coordinates of a major feature in the description.

@jjMcCartan9686 Месяц назад

He gave the name of the area.i found it in 2 mins.

@jpopelish Месяц назад

@@jjMcCartan9686 Yep. That's how I found it, too. But sometimes Google has trouble with feature names.

@davidcranstone9044 Месяц назад

He also shows its location in relation to Lake Baikal, and Google Maps or Earth should be able to locate that in 2 seconds.

@KommanderHooyah Месяц назад

The coordinates are also available to copy-and-paste on Wikipedia.

@Kariakas Месяц назад

Zooming into it with lake Baikal in view is quite clear, should be very easy to find.

@xwiick Месяц назад

Thanks for all of your hard work man!

@TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx Месяц назад

Thanks as always! This volcano, along with the Baikal rift is interesting because of the possibility that Eurasia may split along the Baikal rift in the future. I may be misinterpreting things however, so please correct me on this. I wonder if there are more lava flows nearby.

@deathbycheese850 Месяц назад

It wouldn't split. There's a huge magma chamber under it, which would make more land with lava. Sort of like Iceland.

@icollectstories5702 Месяц назад

If the split reached the Himalayan Plateau, I'd think it would need to turn -- westward maybe? I think direction changes in faults means rifting slows down. OTOH, rifting that plateau would be pretty amazing! But maybe the Indian plate will drive the two apart.⚙💔

@maurasmith-mitsky762 Месяц назад

It’s creepy to think of the poisonous gases snaking their way through canyons for 100 km. Yikes.

@murrayf2890 Месяц назад

well one thing is for sure the earth is always changing even if we were not there to see it

@mikelyon5595 Месяц назад

Thank you!

@Shoshana-xh6hc Месяц назад

Amazing and beautiful 🥹🌋

@slimebuck Месяц назад

Thank you so much for the work you do. You are a trust worthy source of news I choose to listen to. I have very strict rules when deciding what outlets to consume news related media from, and I feel safe and confident using you as a source of geology related news. I am obsessed with geology, I have been volcano watching using live feeds for over 12 years now. Earthquakes, volcanoes, and how the earth operates is the most interesting topic to study. I wish I could make a living with something geology related, but sadly, canada for some reasons doesnt care for geology related science even though its got the best features to study

@user-oz8cs1jb1e 21 день назад

Я в шоке! Даже не знал, что прям так недавно были вулканы прям в центре Сибири

@dennisenright9347 Месяц назад

How deeply was this area covered during the last glacial maximum? I would think that isostatic rebound would put a great deal of stress on any underlying faults, especially if different sides of the fault system had differing amounts of ice.

@AllTheHappySquirrels Месяц назад

@ASMR Geographica, your favorite lake got even more interesting

@user-pi4wj7bm4z Месяц назад

A historical update, thanks, Greg.😊.

@SrirachaChugChallenge747-jq7by Месяц назад

this guy's name is tim not greg

@davidcranstone9044 Месяц назад

@@SrirachaChugChallenge747-jq7byI think @user... is giving his own name, in which case he is probably correct. 😇

@jameslewis1605 Месяц назад

Well who put that there?

@icollectstories5702 Месяц назад

That'sa runny lava! Just the way I like it!

@AngryGecko1010 Месяц назад

Can you do a video on the Kie Besi volcano on Malian island in Indonesia?It has produced some pretty deadly eruptions in the past.

@jorgesuspenso5105 Месяц назад

Could this rift zone be asociated with the ancient hotspot wich triggered the Siberian Traps?

@KbIMbIFbIMPA 28 дней назад

No, first - hotspots are thought to exist for ~100 million years and then die down, the Siberian Traps (along with Emeishan Traps) happened 270 - 252 million years ago; second - hotspots are stationary and Siberia was approximately in tropics when the Great Dying happened then drifted north

@thhseeking Месяц назад

I'm wondering if this field has any connection with the Gakkel Ridge & Laptev Rifts. I followed the Mid-Atlantic Ridge once on a map and it seems to hit the Siberian mainland to the north.

@KbIMbIFbIMPA 28 дней назад

This rift tranfers to a transform fault to the east and later meets another transform fault at (which is a part of Gakkel ridge, yes it turns in transform fault) at triple junction at Chersky Range

@maryfreeman3341 Месяц назад

Thank you for this clear description. Yet another volcano Ive never heard of. Are there any seismic tremours or are they only existant in curently moving magma situations.?

@jjMcCartan9686 Месяц назад

Are there anyone who can spell tremors & existent properly..Oh me 👍

@davidcranstone9044 Месяц назад

@@jjMcCartan9686Quit being pretentious and exclusive! This site is open to those who are less highly educated, dyslexic etc, or have English as very much a second language, and it is not for you to make them unwelcome.

@swainscheps Месяц назад

What? A Siberian volcano that barfs lava all over the place? Unheard of!

@mhick3333 Месяц назад

Do sutter buttes near Sacramento calif

@xwiick Месяц назад

He did a few years ago, search it

@DigitalDissident Месяц назад

Hi!!!

@kevinjones4559 Месяц назад

Any information on lava composition. Long distance of flow suggests a very fluid lava. An intraplate rift and fluid lava , maybe Lake Kivu in East Africa is an analogue.

@Trassik Месяц назад

In indonesian jom means 'come on' and bolok means 'block' couldn't find any russian translation.

@OpaSpielt Месяц назад

Perhaps the name is from one of the native languages in Siberia. 🤷‍♂️

@Trassik Месяц назад

@@OpaSpielt yes, could also be somebodies name. Would be interesting to find out as it could be historical as well as linguustic.

@borriborer Месяц назад

The narrator names the volcano as Jom Bolok, like the name of the local river. Russian wiki page says the word “JomBolok” could be translated from native buryatsky language as left (jom) spring head (bolok)