The traditional techniques of art [Painting and sculpture] 

Being able to tell you about all the possible traditional artistic techniques would be impossible. Especially for me who is an art lover who has studied and seen many with my own eyes but who, not being an artist, have never actually put my hands in the dough. Despite this, however, I think it may be interesting for any enthusiast like us who approaches a work in a museum or in an artist's studio to know how to recognize some of the main traditional techniques.
The first artistic language I'm talking about today is also probably the most widespread and most accepted by the general public: painting. Since school or even just reading the caption of a book or a work in the museum we have heard of at least a couple of the painting techniques that I will tell you about today.
Tempera painting
The term derives from temperare and that is to dilute the colors to make them fluid. This technique, particularly used in the Middle Ages, actually requires a little more work than you imagine. The tempera is in fact applied on a support which must first be prepared through the priming process.
Oil painting
A technique that was conceived and developed around the middle of the fifteenth century, probably by Flemish painters who used it on wood. From this moment it is continuously modified, probably becoming the most widespread technique in pictorial art. The basic pigments are exactly the same as those used in tempera painting, but what changes is the binder, in this case the oil.
Fresco painting
The next technique is perhaps the oldest of all. I am referring to fresco painting. A very old wall paint for which the color pigments are dissolved in water and spread with a brush on a fresh plaster of sand and lime.
Acrylic paint
The most modern pictorial technique in the history of art is acrylic. And it is also the one I personally have the most direct experience of, having worked for years in an artist's studio in close contact with these colors. the basic concept is practically identical to that of tempera, but what changes is the binder. In fact, in acrylic colors a plastic resin, therefore acrylic, is used as a binder.
But let's now move on to the second most widespread language in traditional art, it's not that hard to guess: sculpture.
Marble sculpture
The first one I'll tell you about is marble sculpture that was born in Ancient Greece but evolved over time. In fact, the Greeks rough out the initial block of marble directly with a pointed chisel to immediately remove the first larger blocks. And then they refine the work with cutting chisels to create all the details of both the skin such as the person's face or even the hair, beard or folds of the clothes.
To this day it probably truly remains one of the most widespread techniques in art and even in the contemporary world there are fantastic Italian artists such as Fabio Viale who continue to create stupendous works with our marbles.
Bronze sculpture
This is also a very ancient technique which has been developed, modified and used in different cultures and for different purposes. Initially it spreads as solid bronze casting. What is meant? a fusion which consists of pouring molten metal into a stone or fired clay mold. However, this allows you to obtain only full objects. So already in the III millennium BC. the first experiments begin to obtain hollow objects in bronze. There are still today several hollow casting techniques but certainly the most interesting is lost wax casting.
00:00 Intro
00:57 Tempera painting
01:57 Oil paint
03:22 Fresco painting
05:07 Acrylic paint
06:32 Marble sculpture
07:38 Bronze sculpture
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Art and the Cities is my personal art and travel blog and RU-vid channel. Or rather of art trips. I'm not only talking about art history but also about travel, museums, galleries, the art market, love stories, books, exhibitions and much more.
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Soon,
Clelia
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