Mechanical Ventilation 101 Notes Ventilator Settings ( What it is = Ventilator settings are the inputs on a mechanical ventilatior that can be set or adjusted based on the support needed by the pt. This support is given through the form of oxygenation and ventilation) Primary Ventilator Settings 1.) Ventilator Mode (What it is= Ventilator Mode is how the vent assists pt with ventilation) (Main Modes = Assist/Control,used when full assistance is needed and SIMV,used when only partial support is needed) 2.) Tidal Volume (What is it = The amount of air that is delivered to the lungs by the machine) (Normal Starting Values= 5 to 10 l/min or 6 to 8 l/min of the pts ideal body weight) 3.) Frequency (What is it = Respiratory Rate,number of breaths taken per minute) (Normal Intia Range =10 to 20 breathes per minutes) 4.) FIO2 (What is it= The concentration of oxygen being Inhaled by the pt.) (Normal Inital Range = 30% to 60%) 5.) Inspiratory Flow Rate (Inspiratory Flow Rate,how fast a tidal volume is delivered by the vent) (Normal Starting Range= 40 to 60L/min) * Set to low,will result in pt vent dyssynchrony. * Set too high will result in decreased map,mean arterial pressure. 6.) I:E Ratio (What is it= Inspiratory portion compared to the expiratory portion of the cycle) (Normal Values = 1:2 and 1:4) *If you need to change the I:E ratio adjust the inspiratory time,expiratory time,tidal volume,flow rate and frequency) 7.) Sensitivity (What it is=How much effort AKA negative pressure a patient must generate in order to trigger a breath from the machine) (Normal Initial Ranges= -1 and -2 cm of H2O) 8.) PEEP (Positive End Expiratory Pressure,Amount of positive pressure delivered to the pt during the expiratory phase of the cycle) (Normal Inital Pressure = 4-6 cm of H2O) *The most common indication for PEEP is in pts with REFRACTORY HYPOXEMIA and those who have not responded well to high levels of FIO2 9.) Alarms (Common Alarams = 1.) High Pressure 2.) Low Pressure 3.) High PEEP 4.) Low PEEP 5.) APNEA 6.) High Frequency 7.) Low Expired Volume)
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