What are the origins of Welsh Language words? Roots.

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The Welsh Language (Cymraeg) has many roots, from languages which have come together in different portions to form this language. Whilst, yes, it is a Celtic Language, its history is varied as any of the world's major languages, with influences from near and afar, over the course of many centuries. In this video you will see what shaped this language, over what time and how it did so.
If you would like to learn more about the Celtic Languages in general, see my video: Which Celtic Language Should You Learn? • Which Celtic Language ...
For more information about Welsh from official bodies, please check out the Welsh Government's learn Welsh page: learnwelsh.cymru/
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Опубликовано:

5 фев 2022

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Комментарии : 78

@brianroberts5048 Год назад

I discovered a book called The Welsh Vocabulary of the Bangor District written by O H Fynes-Clinton in 1913. It's an amazing snapshot of the Welsh my grandfather would have grown up knowing in Bangor. There are some really colourful descriptions of the Welsh words that bring the language to life and put the words into the context of daily life at the time

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

That is a good find indeed.

@nicolebriggs1114 Год назад

I absolutely enjoy ( mwynhau) the passion and driving love of Welsh you pour out on each video you post. I came across your videos because I have recently become enamored either learning Welsh and wanted to hear how the double letters and other uses of the vowels that I'm not accustomed to in English as my primary language. I have studied Spanish for many years off and on for immediate use, but haven't become fluent.

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

Diolch / Thank you. If you have studied off and on Spanish for years, spend a month in a Spanish speaking country and you will be astounded at what you pick up.

@nicolebriggs1114 Год назад

@@BenLlywelyn Now that would be quite an experience!

@taffyducks544 2 года назад

Coelbren!

@tepodmabkerlevenez1923 2 года назад

Kalz gerioù heñvel a gaver e brezhoneg, pa ziver ar brezhoneg eus ar predeneg, dres evel ar c'hembraeg !

@delwinaherd8621 2 года назад

Diddorol iawn! Diolch eto, Ben.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Croeso!

@harmonicresonanceproject Год назад

I find this incredibly helpful and interesting. Thanks!

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

Glad I helped you.

@alanthomas2064 Год назад

Thanks for reducing my ancient language to a creole!

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

Thanks for watching!

@IosuamacaMhadaidh 2 года назад

These videos are golden! 💯

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Thank you

@pkwyman 2 года назад

Love your videos Ben. This was an amazing lesson in influences on the Welsh language. Would love to meet you wyneb i wyneb once I make my move across the pond. Coming to live in Caernarfon sometime in April. Diolch am dy gwaith.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Diolch yn fawr Phil.

@Knappa22 2 года назад

I think one has to be careful when trying to differentiate between Latin cognates and Latin loanwords. 'Gwir' (truth) which you categorised as a loanword from Latin 'vero' is probably a cognate going back to a common indo-european root. GPC has its etymology as from proto Celtic 'uiros'. This is supported by the Irish word 'fhír(inne)' showing the clear 'f' / 'gw' equivalence between Irish and Welsh respectively (cf feamainn = gwymon (seaweed) or gwylan = faoileann (seagull). You are mostly spot-on about these btw, I just noticed a few disputable ones.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

They are disputable, yes. I do tend to size with heavier Latin influence as you can see.

@jandunn169 2 года назад

Diolch yn fawr!!!! This video explains soon much. As a very new learner, I started noticing words with "CY" in the beginning, like cyfarchaf, or cyfarwydd and it was amazing to hear you explain what parts make up these words....!!!!! I am in Hawaii but after hearing a recording in Welsh of the Mabinogi, I felt inspired to learn the language of my ancestors....

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Cy- / Cyf- / Cym- / Cyd- All a slightly different slants on togetherness of things. Coming together. Fusion. Co-

@jandunn169 2 года назад

@@BenLlywelyn So interesting!!! Is there any connection with the English word come? Your videos are very helpful!!! Just watched the one on Mae sentence structure. Diolch!!

@melysmelys2622 2 года назад

Probably my favourite video so far. Regarding those Brythoneg words replaced over time by other languages, is it possible to find the original Brythoneg words? If so, would it be a 'good' idea to reintroduce them or would that affect the natural development of the current Welsh language?

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Thank you, I will it in mind. As for using older words - I think in some cases Welsh should - we have loads of old poetry to glean for words to replace modern loanwords with. But many loanwords are here to stay.

@Knappa22 2 года назад

I don't think language goes backwards like that. For whatever reason the original word was abandoned for a new one and that is part of language evolution. It would also require a speaker to 'forget' a word they know and replace it with a word they've never heard of. That doesn't happen in normal language transmission.

@MisterJimLee Месяц назад

@@Knappa22Well don't forget that language can be changed on purpose, such as the spelling reforms to make word look closer to their latin counterparts

@jameshazelwood9433 2 года назад

Very lucky Welsh stayed Celtic

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Wales and the Welsh Language survived because of the almost fluke level of luck it had in that when it was weakest England did not go through a revolution.

@user-df9wv1gs4w 7 дней назад

Our true hidden history reveals otherwise!

@tedi1932 2 года назад

Very interesting to learn that words like parti and parc are French and not English. My personal pet hate is the use of the word 'enjoio' instead of the nice Welsh word 'mwynhau' which we as a family always use. It really annoys me when I hear Welsh speakers putting English phrases or sometimes whole sentences into a Welsh conversation. These are the people who are damaging the Welsh language.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Mwynhau (to enjoy) is such a good word, coming from mwyn (tender/gentle and kind) it conveys meaning that silly patois like enjoio cannot.

@tedi1932 2 года назад

@@BenLlywelyn Yes I totally agree

@OnASeasideMission 2 года назад

Fully agree. Learning Welsh having been born and raised in Glamorgan, where we did Welsh at school. Now living... somewhere east of Bristol. ☹ Making some progress but leaving out words like 'plîs' and 'sori'. Enjoying the videos.

@expat1250090 9 месяцев назад

Thank you so much for all the hard work you put into your channel and the learning you impart. I'm a native Welsh speaker, yet I have learned far more from you about my mother-tongue than I ever did at school! I was wondering if there is a dictionary or a reference of sorts in Welsh or English, or both, that has a compilation of pre-Roman Brythonic vocabulary and grammar. I would be curious to know what the Brythonic word would have been for, for example, 'saethu' or 'crogi' prior to the Roman invasion, as surely these actions wouldn't have been exclusively Roman? Are there any online resources you would recommend that I could delve into for a better grasp of the Brythonic language pre-Roman conquest?

@BenLlywelyn 9 месяцев назад

Pre-Roman Brythonic vocabulary is a very hazy, unknown. Best chance is Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru. GPC has a website geiriadur.ac.uk/gpc/gpc.html

@celtspeaksgoth7251 2 года назад

These origins fascinate me. Latinate like Pont (bridge), Mel (honey), Castell/a, Ffenstr (window). I think pump is Indo-European, like Punjab (five rivers). A fair few derive from Saxon, resemble today's German, e.g. Croeso (Groeso when mutated) vs. Grüsse, and as you say cwningen vs Käninchen (rabbit). Oddy, Russian for ship 'korabl' brings to mind 'coracle'. (G)wynt - wind. Bad word : putain, see Spanish puta. Also days of the week vs French/Spanish equivalents

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Thank you. / Diolch. There is also the fact Celtic Languages were much closer to Latin than other branches of the Indo-European family. So it was easier for them to absorb Latin.

@taffyducks544 2 года назад

Nonsense alot of this. If it mutates that's down to the language itself and just a clear coincidence. Croeso does not come from Germanic...especially if you can only say its similar when it Mutates.

@ftumschk 2 года назад

@@taffyducks544 Interestingly, there are mediæval (14th century and earlier) words for "welcome" which start with "g" in their basic, un-mutated forms, namely: "greso", "gresso" and "groesaw".

@tommiegirl2598 Год назад

My name is Gwenhwyer Hughes... it's about as Welsh as you can get! 😄 I've always thought the Welsh language was just so very beautiful. Thank you for your video! 💝

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

A wonderful name, Gwenhwyer.

@tommiegirl2598 Год назад

@@BenLlywelyn Thank you😊

@larrydykes7643 2 года назад

Hi Ben, is there a list of words like gêm for which there are "more Welsh" words? Might be useful for learners like me to try to develop the habit of using.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Hi Larry, I don't think there is a list persay - you just have to learn those each as it comes.

@jtinalexandria 4 месяца назад

Could you do a video about why ancient Gaulish seems to be closer to Latin than to modern Celtic languages?

@BenLlywelyn 4 месяца назад

It does not seem so if you speak a Celtic Language.

@CarlsLingoKingdom 2 года назад

Diolch! Is it possible to recover any of the pre-Latin words and make Welsh less Latin-influenced, or is that impossible since there were A) no records of Welsh at that period and B) no words to explain some of the concepts?

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

It is possible in a few small cases, but I think Latin's influence makes Welsh quite unique myself

@jwadaow 2 года назад

How much of common Brythonic can reliably be reconstructed? I wonder if you have planned to investigate those ancient roots.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Probably quite a bit since we have 3 languages (Breton, Cornish, Welsh) to compare and a lot of old poetry, which tended to use conservative language even for its time. The issue is not the words, but rhe grammar - we don't know how Brythonic worked, and it would have had at least some vague aggulutinating forms (see my video on agglutinative languages).

@taffyducks544 2 года назад

@@BenLlywelyn "Cymroglyphics" by Ross Broadstock

@SionTJobbins 2 года назад

so right to say that Welsh is a Roman-Brythonic language. Another three generations, a century, and I'm sure Welsh would have been a Latin language with a strong Celtic/Brythonic substratum.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Definitely, Siôn. The Latin element and under influence is part of what makes Welsh so special. Far more Latin in Welsh than Irish.

@yasagarwal859 Год назад

kr̥n̥ati is kinate in bengali

@SlaviSokol Год назад

Hi there. Could LLyn mean wedge and Brychein mean belly ?

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

No. Llyn used to be another word for drink or water in general. Then it became our word for lake. Brych is freckled.

@SlaviSokol Год назад

@@BenLlywelyn Thank you.

@astonishing157 9 месяцев назад

I wonder how we got pysgod wibli wobli

@Thebattler86 22 дня назад

Aeneas of Troy.

@yannschonfeld5847 Год назад

The Indo-European tracing of Welsh is of course quite obvious but well worth underlining for most people. Surprisingly however, you neglected to mention where Brythonic languages (i.e. Cymraeg, Cumbric, Kernewek and Brezhoneg) find their direct ancestor. Namely, Gaulish. Before the Roman invasion of Britain, what language was widely spoken in Britain?. Until some decades after the Roman departure, Gaulish and early Brythonic were mutually inelligible as the insular version came from the continent. Just two towns in modern France: " Caen" - Catu-Magos or /Man = Cadfan/ Cadfaes . "Niort" - Nio-Ritu = Rhyd Newydd. The modern French town name shows that in Gaulish there were two possible syllable stresses, last syllable or the penultimate.Also, the adjective could appear before the noun. Gaulish lingered on long after the fall of the Roman empire in several places. In any case, the Brythonic languages did not appear on the island of Britain by themselves.

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

Thank you. I view Brythonic - Gaulish as a continuum like French - Occitan and Catalan are.

@yannschonfeld5847 Год назад

@@BenLlywelyn So do you mean French is a continuum of Latin like all the other neo latin languages and that modern Brythonic languages are neo- Gaulish or the continuum of Gaulish?

@philoaviaticus Год назад

I heard Welsh had a rennaisance via some panceltic organisations in last couple centuries - true? Irish it was more forced after 1920 and less enthusiasm, regrettably...

@BenLlywelyn Год назад

We've certainly had increased awareness of our near language in Brittany, if that counts.

@fredericosampaio6457 2 года назад

Fideo gwych iawn, Ben! I wonder if there woulb be a conection between "H" consonants in Cymraeg and Greek versus Latim. For exemple: Saith (CYM)/Septem(Lat)/Hepta(Gre) Chwech(CYM)/Sex(Lat)/Hexa(Gre) Hen(CYM)/SEN(LAT) Super(Lat)/Hyper(Gre) Halis(Gre)/Salis(Lat)/Halen(CYM) helios(Gre)/Haul(GYM)/Solis(Lat)

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

Interesting. There was definitely a S/H sound shift in Welsh - but apart from Irish which did not have it, I do not know how Welsh relates to say Latin or Greek with H. Needs research!

@gileswilliams3014 3 месяца назад

Comment for the algo

@BenLlywelyn 3 месяца назад

Thanks.

@gileswilliams3014 3 месяца назад

You're most welcome. I'm yet to start leaning Welsh, but I love the language and the people (I'm English). Did you know JRR Tolkien liked Welsh? Please keep up the good work! @@BenLlywelyn

@lugo_9969 5 месяцев назад

Irish ....croch = to hang , fior = true , cupan = cup , coinin = rabbit , .pound = punt , ...all very similar to welsh

@BenLlywelyn 5 месяцев назад

Indeed so.

@bernardmolloy4463 2 года назад

Very interesting video. You might find this video interesting, which is about the Waterford dialect of the Irish language:- ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-CDta0GIut_I.html (Waterford is in the South Eastern region of Ireland) In the Waterford dialect of Irish, “Double L” at the end of a word is pronounced with a “kh” sound. This to me spells of a possible ancient connection to the “Double L” of Welsh which has a similar pronunciation.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

That was a fascinating video. Thank you. I don't know how that came to be.

@lionelgrenelle Год назад

Wow ! "Putain" exists in Welsh ? Putain !!! ("whore", but for "f*ck !" as well: surprise, anger, etc.)

@TimAucamp 16 дней назад

Mabey the latin word came from the welsh word.other way round

@BenLlywelyn 16 дней назад

There may be a few, but Latin was the prestige language of empire and getting on in the world.

@entwistlefromthewho 2 года назад

You are grossly overstating the Latin influence on Welsh. Yes, a lot of words were borrowed, but it left little impact on the grammar. I don't think it's fair to say that contact with Latin is the sole reason for the loss of cases in Brythonic languages - this could have happened, regardless. Also, not all Welsh words beginning in 'gw-' are of Latin origin. It originates in PIE 'w-' initial words. Latin didn't even have the [v] sound, Latin 'v' sounded like [w], [u], or [ʊ]. The Latin 'viridium' began with a [w], not a [v], which became 'gwyrdd' in Welsh. Another Welsh 'gw-' word, "gwaith" (work) comes via Proto-Celtic *wextā, from PIE *weǵʰ- and nothing to do with Latin whatsoever.

@BenLlywelyn 2 года назад

To be fair I understated Latin's influence on Welsh.