What is the WORLD'S OLDEST ALPHABET? (and other questions) 

And shouldn't his dad have said "doing well" not "doing good"?

@@duanewilliams557 Maybe he meant "doing good", such as rescuing kitties from tall trees, chasing down pickpockets, etc. 🙂

I'm only familiar with British usage, and for me the verb "to live" has a short vowel and the adjective "live" has a diphthong as if it were "laive." For me "lived" as a past tense verb has a short vowel, as does the compound adjectival form in "short-lived" or "long-lived," but I was surprised to find that my dictionary allowed both pronunciations for the latter, with a preference for the diphthong. How you speak usually depends on where you live, and those who travel far to work or study may end up speaking very differently. Sometimes we have to make the effort to "change back" when we go home.

Aaaahahahahhahaaaa

The comedy element in that part and the matter of fact they deal with each other was _hilarious_ and a total surprise.

You sound almost exactly like the dapper dino

From 19393-1945, textbooks said that certain groups of people were not human.

If you click "not interested" or "don't recommend channel" from the menu next to each video on that type of junk, you can train the algorithm pretty quickly I've found :)

@@markbosz9347 Cheers! Working on it. Just frustrating.

@@jimmyk5979 I feel ya man. You watch some videos about Ancient Egypt, the Sumerians or Elamites and suddenly you're being suggested Ancient Architects or Uncharted X videos with thumbnails claiming, "Does this new archaeological discovery rewrite our understanding of ancient history..?!" 😓 No. No it does not. When I find new historical channels I'm always wary and sceptical on the first watch, thinking, "Are these guys, 'I'm not saying it's aliens, but...'/biblical literalists/Graham Hancock fans or not??" 🤔

I tried to squish the bug. I thought there was one on my screen 😅

Aaaaahahahaaaahahaaaa

I thought it was very interesting. Gives a whole different perspective and more personal. I wonder how the writer of that stuff came up with it. Did it really happen or was it his imagination or a collage of things other people mentioned? I'm definately going to look into this and find out what I can about it. I suspect a bit of overexagerated truth to make him look bad. This is of course only one element of a whole story and that would be nice to know.

You have everything Wrong!Dorians did not come from another Country...The Dorians were a Greek race, one of the four of antiquity, which according to written traditions originated from the mountain range of Pindos in Greece . According to the old traditional theory and under unclear circumstances, the Dorians descended on southern Greece around the 12th BC. century.....Also the Pelasgians are the Greeks themselves and not pre-Greeks but Proto-Greeks... «Ην γαρ και το των Πελασγών γένος Ελληνικόν εκ Πελοποννήσου το αρχαίον, και τον Πελασγόν αυτόχθονα λέγων» (Διονύσιος ο Αλικαρνασσεύς.=The Pelasgian genus is Greek from Peloponnese the ancient one and Pelasgus is indigenous Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Are you sure you are a historian?

The way to not loose a learned language is to use it. For me English is a learned second language. I use, and thus train, English but viewing and listening to videos like this and write comments as I do now. You could do the same to keep your German alive.

@@michaelpettersson4919 Yes absolutely! Language is only useful if you use them... The Idiom "Your words can be as sharp as a knife" ironically applies here too 😅 I also speak English as a second language while also learning German... I have two mother's languages, that being Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) and Basa Jawa (Javanese Language) Because Indonesian is Lingua Franca, I only use my second mother's language for conversations between peers and families. If a stranger happens to speak the language that I know... I try to speak them with that language so I do not lose my ability to speak that one language... Training is key

I defer to you, but as far as I understand, Low and High German are geographical distinctions, not class distinctions. The language of the northern outlying lowlands vs the language of the interior highlands. In the same way that all of Dutch can be classified as "Low Franconian". (though from what I understand in Dutch plat has more of a negative rural connotation than platt in German, the alternative "neder" still translates into English as "low" and is in the name the country calls itself) It is true that in the early modern period a form of High German became standard in many courts across the empire, creating a class dichotomy in the north, but there's nothing improper about using "Low" or "High" at all. (I have a Bavarian friend currently living in Friesland who helped my with this) Applying it to this specific example would mean that there is a regional element to it in addition to a class one.

People who speak Low German/low Saxon, Anglian/Frisian. On the continent, their Dna seems to be incredibly Scandinavian like. Unlike the vast majority of other Germans, in areas where High German is spoken. Although this can't be said for the English/Anglo. They are mixed with Continental Kelt like DNA. Scandinavian. With some 10/20% linsular Celt autosomally speaking as an average. With of course some further mixing. Now the High German consonant shift is said to have occurred between 300/600AD. First written down in the 9th century I believe. This altered a number of consonants in the southern German dialects - which includes Standard German, Yiddish, and Luxembourgish - and so explains why many German words have different consonants from the related words in English, Dutch and the Scandinavian

CB "...an...invasion phenomena" You say you learnt Greek. Why the plural?

@@CraftsmanOfAwsomenes When I was finishing ny 2nd year of German in the late 60s I could read Thomas Mann and Franz Kafka for example, but I remember finding a present copy of Der Stern and couldn't make any sense of it !

As a former aliens/Atlantis believer, I can confirm I believed in many fantastical things 😅 Watched paranormal shows, etc. I no longer follow any of that stuff unless just for entertainment/nostalgia. I want to believe 🛸👽 but I absolutely no longer do. Won't surprise you to know I believed many conspiracy theories.

@@andreaarchaeology Can confirm & I still believe in probably all such things, to some extent. It’s largely a choice. I want to believe so I do. I won’t claim it’s based on great evidence, tho. I see why it’s considered outlandish.

If you stick around for long enough, you can definitely see bandwagons start, reach a peak and then fade away. In France, there was the Rennes-le-Chateau business, which was a local thing, apparently fueled by Surrealists (i.e. pranksters), before being taken up by half-educated TV men (Baigent & Lincoln) before merging with the Gospel of Mary Magdalene conspiracy theory to give rise to Dan Brown's magnum opus

In mayan 'tepek' is also mound/hill.

I’ve read part of a relatively recent textbook that touched on this (European Prehistory: A Survey. From 2012 I think). The gist of it was that Marija Gimbutas considered them to be some sort of writing, but that most archeologists disagreed with her until the discovery of three incised clay tablets from Tartaria, a low mound whose lowest levels contain a Vinča occupation (clay and stone figurines, a shell bracelet, and the three tablets were found). Now it is a bit less controversial than before the discovery, but still VERY controversial. Contention even exists among archeologists about whether these tablets are intrusions from a later strata that somehow ended up amongst the lower, older objects. I’m not sure how that works, but apparently this is a distinct enough possibility to make things less than clear-cut, and some archeologists think they might be associated with Sumerian gold-prospectors due to similarities in the symbols. Maybe the idea is that prospectors were digging in that place and that disturbed the layers. I’ll include a quote from the book: “The interpretation of marks, motifs, and designs, such as these Tartaria inscriptions, which occasionally turn up on artifacts, should be done with the greatest caution. They may be symbols of some sort, such as marks of ownership, but it is unlikely that they are writing. The use of symbols to express ideas may go back to the lower Paleolithic, but it is extremely difficult to demonstrate archaeologically whether a corpus of symbols constitutes a writing system…Writing was usually developed by early state societies to facilitate record keeping to help administer these complex social, political and economic systems. It is unlikely that the prestate societies of the European Neolithic would have invented writing independently, since they would not have needed it. There is no evidence that institutionalized complex administrative apparatuses existed in these cultures. It does not mean that the marking on Vinča pots have no meaning. They may represent a community’s or household’s separate identity (Tringham and Krstić 1990). David Anthony (pers. com. June 2001) noted that Near Eastern writing was for record keeping, but Chinese writing began for ritual and commemorative purposes associated with the sacred power of kings. It might be the Chinese model that could apply to south-eastern Europe, a sort of sacred script, like the signs on oracle bones in China.” I would LOVE to read that personal communication from David Anthony. I contacted the textbook’s author to ask if he wouldn’t mind sharing that part of it, but didn’t get a response. However, I do know that archeologists believe that the oracle bone script was developed enough that it was likely in use on other mediums than the bones, but those mediums just haven’t been preserved as well. For example, The character ce 册 shows up in Shang oracle bone inscriptions. It is assumed to be a pictograph of bamboo slips held together with string. Evidence of pen-and-ink writing apparently exists on some oracle bones as well, so clearly they were using ink. Given this I’m not sure how the link between the development of early Chinese scripts and the sacred power of kings is drawn, when it could be that it’s genesis was in record keeping, but the records have been destroyed by time. EDIT: I would also LOVE to see a World of Antiquity video on the Vinča symbols!

I’ve never heard anyone say this before! I am a huge gourmand, so I understand liking everything & wanting to try new things, but I have an obsession with ranking/hierarchy, so it’s unfathomable to me that others don’t. I feel you on missing variety or even a specific restaurant due to living in a rural area. FTR, it’s pretty easy to make Pho. I had to special order the seeds to grow the right kind of basil in my garden, but you can make delicious bone broth that is no doubt higher quality than in most restaurants. Imo, one of the worst parts of living in Germany, where I am, is the lack of many good Asian cuisines, basically only Indian & Thai in bigger cities. Cheap pan-Asian takeout is the only thing in the countryside, & it’s nearly inedible. Pizza is terrible here too & has weird cheese on it. Also burgers are not much of a thing here (growing tho), or rotisserie chicken, except for junk food chains. And there is no pie, & not enough cake. Simple things I could so easily get but can’t anymore. But at least standard German/Central European food is delicious.

I learned to make my own kimchi. I discovered that, though there are a number of Asian supermarkets in the Boston area, the ready made product that they sell is unsatisfactory. If you lived in Korea, you know that there are regional and local differences, so that may be the problem. I have found that Japanese "Kimchi Base" mixed with some Sriracha and other spices can make a reasonable substitute. I also found that my mother would not let me bring it into the house and definitely wouldn't let me make 김치찌개!!! So good luck!

@@JMM33RanMA Kimchi does seem pretty easy to make, if you can get the ingredients. I would need to grow my own cabbage to make it properly here. Fermented foods are so nutritious too.

@Janitor Queen Someone who gets it! So this burger you miss has beanless chili on top? That sounds divine. Is there a roll too? Brioche or what? I miss InNOut, which was the only ‘fast food’ I liked in the US, but not as much as the more gourmet burgers. I love that you’ve put all this thought into acquiring the chili. Beans in chili are wrong. I’ve never actually had good chili at a restaurant, but I’m happy with the one I make. It can be made so many different ways & contains so many ingredients tho that I understand why you’re struggling to find the same kind.

I swear I read the first two sentences as "flood" instead of "food". Works surprisingly well.

There is no real evidence that it was had any real effect on european cuisine at all, look at the recipe you have shown, these were typical ingredients of dishes even in roman times, and after without any arab connection.. such an unnecessary reach.

Lost texts that we know about, unfortunately, rarely get found. We do find texts, but they are usually ones we hadn't heard of before.

Thank you, and welcome!

There is no doubt that the Greek alphabet is based on the Phoenician one. The letters are copied. The Dispilio tablet does not have the Greek alphabet on it. This is the first I have heard about proto-Cycladic vases with the alphabet on them. Please share the name of the archaeological report.

Those are partial reconstructions that are still being challenged. Especially the Etruscan origins, as the presented hypothesis is shaky at best for the times before they (probably) left north-east of the Aegean. The Sumerian coming "from beyond a sea" is their own origin story, but the chronology brings similar inconsistencies as the Dorian invasion story and makes the idea just one of the possibilities.

Could be!

Ancestry, MyHeritage, and 23andme are all good companies that provide information on a person's genetics.

Also you had a visitor from 21:35 - 22:10, presumably the little guy was interested in primary sources.