What Was There Before the Big Bang? 3 Good Hypotheses! 

What Was There Before the Big Bang? The Big Romance.

No one on RU-vid able to explain this kind of complicated information easily like you, you deserve to be funded.

Your intro is perfect, a quick tease and straight to the topic after a couple of seconds. I love this channel

i love how you talk about all models and theories no matter how unlikely they are. it’s my favorite part of your videos. get all perspectives on each topic you bring up.

Great video and looking forward to the Starmus festival in Bratislava! :)

Best topic to make video upon 🙏🏼 thank you so much 🙏🏼

Awesome video as always Arvin! Keep going!

Hi Arvin, Let me extend my compliments to your unprecedented research work. Plus the communication skills that you have, truly stupendous !

Brilliant, love it, Arvin is legend!

Excellent as always. Thanks mate. 🖖😁🇦🇺

Your talks are eternally and infinitely fascinating.

Great video, once again Arvin!

Thank you Mr. Ash, great video ! Greetings from Brazil, right now !

The third hypothesis is the nothing-pothing-mothing model. Nothing vibrates creating pothing(positivenothing) and mothing(minusnothing) for a very short period of time. Then pothing and mothing recombine to form nothing again. And so on. Sometimes, when two neighbouring pothings are formed simultaneously, these two pothings combine due to attraction and will form a nonvisible entity of gravity (we call that dark matter) leaving the two mothings behind. These two mothings will drift away and form more space (we call that dark energy)

I love and enjoy your teaching style Arvin, thank you.

Thank you for the video. I'm always curious about it and you explain some of the theories. Fascinating to my mind.

Great video!

Once again, a fantastic video capturing our uncertain reality. The graphics are truly mind-blowing. Amidst the awe, one pressing question arises: At the inception (just before or at the moment of the big bang), was there only energy or a mix of energy and fundamental particles? Grateful to anyone who can provide insight 😊

Excellent video, Arvin. 👏👏👏👏

Thank you Arvin ,like always very informative clip

I really appreciate you using "hypotheses" instead of "theories." It can get frustrating when some scientists aren't as precise with their language. The loose use of terms makes it hard for us, especially when we're dealing with dogmatic folks who try to undermine science.

As you noted, though, how physicists define “nothing” is not how philosophers do. The physicists’ nothing presupposes the existence of the Laws of Physics, which enable those particles to pop into existence.

Gotta love Arvin!!!

Awesome as always 🙂

I'm really amazed at the astronomers who create these theories just by observation and calculation!

good video thanks. that Heisenberg guy though. I'm uncertain about him.

Love ❤️ these videos.

This is a mind bending topic. Potentially so many Universes !

I like how our science and understanding completely breaks apart at any singularity.

Can we please leave String theory behind.

I may not always understand what is said on this channel, but I am still fascinated and watch anyway.

Wow! I did learn a new thing watching this vid! I have watched like all PBS Space Time, all Sabines vids, All Antons vids. And Fermilabs vids. And hundreds upon hundreds of random physics and space vids - and I still got a little something new here. Thank you!

I always love science videos that have information that i hadn't heard before like that spontaneous universe creation theory

this was the best video ive ever watched.

Very good information Sir. Thanks 👍

❤ Please make a video about Plank's distances and time. Is there a minimum space-time volume? Is space "pixelated" at smallest scales or theres no minimum limit for space (and time)?

virtual particles popping in and out of existence that in enough time could create Infinite bubble universes - sounds like a variation of the 'steady state' theory. Somewhere, Fred Hoyle's spirit is nodding it's virtual head and smiling.

So glad it is behind you, Arvin, however I do miss the beanie 😊

Well explained.

Sometime when watching videos like these, my mind tries to wander into the realm of "understanding existence". It's like opening a door into a huge dark room with scary noises I don't understand. I usually get scared and leave that train of thought.

What I can't get to wrap my head around is the "flat universe" thing... In my mind it's always been some sort of a sphere, expanding in 3d, changing that to a flat model blows my mind... Maybe it's even more than 3 dimensions for all we know.

This is marvelous work!! I tend to agree more with the last hypothesis of a pre-existing spacetime (the quantum fields) which is the background of all matter and interaction

I’m so glad I watched this sober. This way I was able to understand about 7% of it. Fascinating stuff.

Before the big bang, there was young sheldon

I'm so hoping scientist would come up with some major discoveries on the topic during my lifetime...

Holy crap!!! I finally understand the bubble universe. Thank you...

Arvin - thanks for making me feel even more insignificant. 🙂

Only the programmer will know.

1. Not only are the laws of physics (quantum mechanics) _something_ (not nothing), so are the quantum fields described by quantum mechanics. So what was the origin of the laws and fields? 2. A fourth possible explanation involves a causation-defying time loop, where the far future is also the distant past. Unlike the "bouncing universe" hypothesis Arvin described first, the time loop hypothesis doesn't propose an infinite past or a finite-but-vast past. Whether or not a time loop is more paradoxical than an infinite past or the origin of a vast past seems to be a matter of personal taste. 3. Beyond the big bang singularity, thar be dragons.

Very interesting video.

A late comment, this has/is always a question I dwell on. This discussion provides a theory/perspective that brings "hmmm" to forefront. Appreciated as always. Watch regularly and happy to see the skin cancer issue from a few years back has been cured - hopefully.

WHAT was before the Big Bang?: Another Universe, part of the Multiverse we will NEVER be able to comprehend.

I wonder why physicists who talk about other universes always say that those universes would have their own laws of physics? Isn't it possible that there are multiple universes, but all have the same laws?

Brilliant!

You Learn me something! Universe one. People zero! Many Thanks Sir!🎈

Forgive me if this is a dumb question, but if objects come in and out of existence on the quantum level, does this not point to time operating in a different way on the quantum level?

Arvin, you've made a mistake. You said the the universe is homogeneous because it looks the same everywhere you look in space. That's not homogeneity, that's isotropy, which has been observed experimentally. Homogeneity, on the other hand, cannot be observed experimentally, it's a philosophical assumption.

Always fun speculating on how the our universe came into being. I'm glad you stressed these hypotheses are extremely speculative as our knowledge of physics breaks down at that point.

Thanks for this excellent video! I was recently watching a video featuring Roger Penrose discussing his insight about this topic - something along the lines (though I don’t clearly understand it) of the situation around the big bang being equivalent in terms of the impossibility or meaninglessness of measuring time, to the situation near the heat death of the expanding universe, where time itself cannot be measured-leading to a suggestion that the heat death at the terminal stage of the expanding universe is equivalent to a big bang in some way, thus suggesting another type of recurring cycle. I wonder if you can comment on that?

Physics is beautiful but jee coaching in india are making it the worst subject ever no one cares about our existence and universe everyone just cares about getting into prestigious institutions anyway I am trying my best to not to be like everybody else....

How strange!!!! The word God was not mentioned no even once!!! That is because it does not explain anything, therefore, not needed.

oh man!! my curiosity is expanding far far more than the universe, faster than light.

Very interesting!

God is just a refuge for people who don't want to know more.

Danke!

U forgot the Simulation theory 😉 Thanks for sharing 👍🏼

So easy to understand and immagin that this is possible.

Just finished reading Lawrence Krauss's "A Universe From Nothing" (for the 2nd time). To me, Arvin just summarized the book with 3rd Hypotheses and really clarified it for me. Thanks!

Love me some Arvin Ash

Great presentation. I'm a firm believer in the Eternal Inflation hypothesis. It does show us how miniscule and insignificant we are and how little we could ever comprehend. To that end, I believe JWST actually gave us a peek beyond out "Universe" and makes us wonder.

Thnk you so much! I'm baffled: How did I understand in a 17 minute video something I spent years trying to get?!

Before The Big Bang there was F.R.I.E.N.D.S and before that Seinfeld and The Simpsons

Really great video. You altered my thinking on these questions. If we came from nothing, there's a lot more nothingness out there for others.

Thanks Arvin for explaining these concepts to physics fans like me who are not trained in physics. The section on Eternal Inflation was the first time I understood it conceptually, esp. the reason why we cannot interact with those other universes. The thing that boggles my mind most is, where did the laws if Quantum Mechanics come from, if they exist even without space and time? Also, is Roger Penrose's Conformal Cyclic Cosmology not mainstream enough to be included as a 4th hypothesis in this list?

I did enjoy the video

Fascinating theories! Thank you for making this very interesting video, concentrating on unproven ideas!

The Bang Big!

The 3 body problem novel's 10 dimensional take on the universe is fascinating

I could jump onboard with the third speculation, and not just because it's the most encouraging one. It means that we'll all live again.

Good time to watch this is at 2am.

Love your videos. Could be that the expansion of space is continually happening in other galaxies or universes from a tiny singularity. There is no before because it’s continuous. It just happened that 14 billion years ago it was our turn. Could be that all singularities in black hole are future big bangs.

Nice video and topic Arvin Ash, thanks! 😉 We are now (finally) discovering that our universe is a holistic cyclical process... There is much evidence that our universe renewed itself after the end of the last cycle of existence of the previous universe (the collapse of matter). We are now slowly but surely realizing that our gigantic universe today once consisted of several smaller universes that later all merged together. This is exactly what can explain the different expansion speed (Hubble tension) in different parts of the cosmos. The very early universe was a completely different world with a different time sequence, lightning-fast mergers and star formation processes. The black holes were also simply different, usually in the form of particularly powerful quasars that formed from huge collapsing gas clouds (rather than as supernovae from giant stars). We first have to explore this completely different world and explain it, which is not so easy when you see a lot of new things but can't explain them. If we then build a space telescope with a view of 20 billion years, then we will have better ideas, but the JWST is also really a great thing... with time comes advice...

The cyclic universe hypothesis was described in Lem's "His master's voice" (it's the old SF book, not science paper though).

'For anything to exist, that which is eternal must by necessity be'. I realised that when I was about nine after loosely digesting Newton's Principia Mathematica.

Still think it's a interdementale osmosis mechanism that idea is both beautiful and practical where mater plays the role of energy storage and its decay feeds back in to the system. Also a kline bottle feeds in to its self. with out considering higher demental principles as the mechanism for the up to down stream effects of states of matter and energy they clearly can't have a practical solution. It's how you would have a arc of dissequallibrem in a interdementale system.

The sudden brief expansion then stop is kind of like a phase change or crystallization event. Remember space itself is not limited to the 'speed of light'.

It's like asking what's outside outside, or what happens after forever.

It would be like a picture turned into a movie by motion so time would likely be proportional to expansion and flow at different rates keyed to expansion of the universe.

Model 1 with a few details from model 2 is the correct one. Cyclical universes do not reset by themselves but they merge together in certain points where multiple big bangs meet and from the aggregation of matter in those points a new universe will form over and over again.

I like the way you talk and think, so im gunna assume you are the real deal and not an ai youtube production. yer the best out there mate, well done

05:50 - The Universe did exactly as you implied, for many "iterations". With the added principle of "ongoing creation of matter", that "contraction/expansion" cycle would take more and more time - until it "fell" on the "other edge of the knife " and became the first "stable" and "accelerating" Universe.

I have to watch this video again! My limitations. It went OTH.

The problem with the Big Bang is how does everything become compressed into a single point smaller than an atom? Wouldn’t the universe have to have gone from a solid mass to pure energy? But how did it get into a solid form?

As usual your analysis is always interesting. But what I can't understand is that something the size of the universe could have started with something very very small. On the face of it that would seem vastly impossible. Keep thinking!

A segment from 'Saved by the Light of the Buddha Within'... My new understandings of what many call 'God -The Holy Spirit' - resulting from some of the extraordinary ongoing after-effects relating to my NDE. during September 1970.. Myoho-Renge-Kyo represents the identity of what some scientists are now referring to as the unified field of consciousnesses. In other words, it’s the essence of all existence and non-existence - the ultimate creative force behind planets, stars, nebulae, people, animals, trees, fish, birds, and all phenomena, manifest or latent. All matter and intelligence are simply waves or ripples manifesting to and from this core source. Consciousness (enlightenment) is itself the actual creator of everything that exists now, ever existed in the past, or will exist in the future - right down to the minutest particles of dust - each being an individual ripple or wave. The big difference between chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo and most other conventional prayers is that instead of depending on a ‘middleman’ to connect us to our state of inner enlightenment, we’re able to do it ourselves. That’s because chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo allows us to tap directly into our enlightened state by way of this self-produced sound vibration. ‘Who or What Is God?’ If we compare the concept of God being a separate entity that is forever watching down on us, to the teachings of Nichiren, it makes more sense to me that the true omnipotence, omniscience and omnipresence of what most people perceive to be God, is the fantastic state of enlightenment that exists within each of us. Some say that God is an entity that’s beyond physical matter - I think that the vast amount of information continuously being conveyed via electromagnetic waves in today’s world gives us proof of how an invisible state of God could indeed exist. For example, it’s now widely known that specific data relayed by way of electromagnetic waves has the potential to help bring about extraordinary and powerful effects - including an instant global awareness of something or a mass emotional reaction. It’s also common knowledge that these invisible waves can easily be used to detonate a bomb or to enable NASA to control the movements of a robot as far away as the Moon or Mars - none of which is possible without a receiver to decode the information that’s being transmitted. Without the receiver, the data would remain impotent. In a very similar way, we need to have our own ‘receiver’ switched on so that we can activate a clear and precise understanding of our own life, all other life and what everything else in existence is. Chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo each day helps us to achieve this because it allows us to reach the core of our enlightenment and keep it switched on. That’s because Myoho-Renge-Kyo represents the identity of what scientists now refer to as the unified field of consciousnesses. To break it down - Myoho represents the Law of manifestation and latency (Nature) and consists of two alternating states. For example, the state of Myo is where everything in life that’s not obvious to us exists - including our stored memories when we’re not thinking about them - our hidden potential and inner emotions whenever they’re dormant - our desires, our fears, our wisdom, happiness, karma - and more importantly, our enlightenment. The other state, ho, is where everything in Life exists whenever it becomes evident to us, such as when a thought pops up from within our memory - whenever we experience or express our emotions - or whenever a good or bad cause manifests as an effect from our karma. When anything becomes apparent, it merely means that it’s come out of the state of Myo (dormancy/latency) and into a state of ho (manifestation). It’s the difference between consciousness and unconsciousness, being awake or asleep, or knowing and not knowing. The second law - Renge - Ren meaning cause and ge meaning effect, governs and controls the functions of Myoho - these two laws of Myoho and Renge, not only function together simultaneously but also underlies all spiritual and physical existence. The final and third part of the tri-combination - Kyo, is the Law that allows Myoho to integrate with Renge - or vice versa. It’s the great, invisible thread of energy that fuses and connects all Life and matter - as well as the past, present and future. It’s also sometimes termed the Universal Law of Communication - perhaps it could even be compared with the string theory that many scientists now suspect exists. Just as the cells in our body, our thoughts, feelings and everything else is continually fluctuating within us - all that exists in the world around us and beyond is also in a constant state of flux - constantly controlled by these three fundamental laws. In fact, more things are going back and forth between the two states of Myo and ho in a single moment than it would ever be possible to calculate or describe. And it doesn’t matter how big or small, famous or trivial anything or anyone may appear to be, everything that’s ever existed in the past, exists now or will exist in the future, exists only because of the workings of the Laws ‘Myoho-Renge-Kyo’ - the basis of the four fundamental forces, and if they didn’t function, neither we nor anything else could go on existing. That’s because all forms of existence, including the seasons, day, night, birth, death and so on, are moving forward in an ongoing flow of continuation - rhythmically reverting back and forth between the two fundamental states of Myo and ho in absolute accordance with Renge - and by way of Kyo. Even stars are dying and being reborn under the workings of what the combination ‘Myoho-Renge-Kyo’ represents. Nam, or Namu - which mean the same thing, are vibrational passwords or keys that allow us to reach deep into our life and fuse with or become one with ‘Myoho-Renge-Kyo’. On a more personal level, nothing ever happens by chance or coincidence, it’s the causes that we’ve made in our past, or are presently making, that determine how these laws function uniquely in each of our lives - as well as the environment from moment to moment. By facing east, in harmony with the direction that the Earth is spinning, and chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo for a minimum of, let’s say, ten minutes daily to start with, any of us can experience actual proof of its positive effects in our lives - even if it only makes us feel good on the inside, there will be a definite positive effect. That’s because we’re able to pierce through the thickest layers of our karma and activate our inherent Buddha Nature (our enlightened state). By so doing, we’re then able to bring forth the wisdom and good fortune that we need to challenge, overcome and change our adverse circumstances - turn them into positive ones - or manifest and gain even greater fulfilment in our daily lives from our accumulated good karma. This also allows us to bring forth the wisdom that can free us from the ignorance and stupidity that’s preventing us from accepting and being proud of the person that we indeed are - regardless of our race, colour, gender or sexuality. We’re also able to see and understand our circumstances and the environment far more clearly, as well as attract and connect with any needed external beneficial forces and situations. As I’ve already mentioned, everything is subject to the law of Cause and Effect - the ‘actual-proof-strength’ resulting from chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo always depends on our determination, sincerity and dedication. For example, the levels of difference could be compared to making a sound on a piano, creating a melody, producing a great song, and so on. Something else that’s very important to always respect and acknowledge is that the Law (or if you prefer God) is in everyone and everything. NB: There are frightening and disturbing sounds, and there are tranquil and relaxing sounds. It’s the emotional result of any noise or sound that can trigger off a mood or even instantly change one. When chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo each day, we are producing a sound vibration that’s the password to our true inner-self - this soon becomes apparent when you start reassessing your views on various things - such as your fears and desires etc. The best way to get the desired result when chanting is not to view things conventionally - rather than reaching out to an external source, we need to reach into our own lives and bring our needs and desires to fruition from within - including the good fortune and strength to achieve any help that we may need. Chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo also reaches out externally and draws us towards, or draws towards us, what we need to make us happy from our environment. For example, it helps us to be in the right place at the right time - to make better choices and decisions and so forth. We need to think of it as a seed within us that we’re watering and bringing sunshine to for it to grow, blossom and bring forth fruit or flowers. It’s also important to understand that everything we need in life, including the answer to every question and the potential to achieve every dream, already exists within us.

One other possibility (similar to the "Bubble Universe" but more general) is that the universe as we know it is the only thing that we're capable of studying and understanding but that there is a vast (possibly infinite) reality beyond our universe that we're destined to never perceive or be capable of comprehending.

Really enjoyed it . thanks. If before the big band there was quantum mechanics and virtual particles were fleetingly coming into existence and then disappearing, does that imply that quantum fields could have existed? Do we think that QFT predates big bang?

Everything in space expanded but infinite space was already here. Just because the space between objects is expanding doesn’t mean space is expanding just means the things in space are expanding.

The universe is like a glove being turned inside out.

Before the singularity was an image- A design. Inflation is the spread out of the entire image + it's manifestation into 3D.