ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate

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Paul Andersen explains the structure, function and importance of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). He begins by describing the specific structure of the molecule and its three main parts: adenine, ribose sugar, and phosphate groups. He explains how energy can be stored in ATP and released through hydrolysis to ADP and Pi. He shows how the molecule is created in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. He also explains how it is used throughout the cell. He finishes with a brief discussion of LUCA and how elements of ATP can be found in other parts of the cell (including RNA, DNA).
Intro Music Atribution
Title: I4dsong_loop_main.wav
Artist: CosmicD
Link to sound: www.freesound.org/people/Cosmi...
Creative Commons Atribution License
All images are either Public Domain or Creative Commons Attribution Licenses:
Alex.X. Using 1QO1 as Framework to Combine 1C17(FO) and 1E79(F1. PyMOL Was Used for Rendering., January 15, 2007. enWiki (PDB.org for coordinate). commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
Boumphreyfr. English: Loading and Charging a tRNA Molecule with an Amino Acid Using aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase, June 1, 2009. Own work. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
Cyberpower678. English: This Is a Battery That Has Less Than 51% but More Than 33%., July 7, 2012. Own work. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
"File:D-glucose-chain-3D-balls.png." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed March 9, 2013. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:D-g....
"File:Peptide Syn.png." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed March 9, 2013. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pep....
"File:Querbrückenzyklus 1.png." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed March 9, 2013. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Que....
"File:Scheme Sodium-potassium Pump-en.svg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed March 9, 2013. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sch....
"File:Tree of Life SVG.svg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed March 8, 2013. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tre....
"File:TRNA-Phe Yeast 1ehz.png." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed March 9, 2013. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TRN....
Foresman, Pearson Scott. Line Art Representation of a w:Spring, [object HTMLTableCellElement]. Pearson Scott Foresman, donated to the Wikimedia Foundation. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
Jynto. Ball-and-stick Model of the Adenosine Triphosphate Molecule, Also Known as ATP, the Nucleotide That Functions as the Primary Energy Carrier in Cells, Often Called the "Molecular Unit of Currency". This Image Shows the Electrically Neutral Form., June 5, 2011. Own work This chemical image was created with Discovery Studio Visualizer. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
---. Space-filling Model of the Adenosine Diphosphate Molecule, Also Known as ADP, a Nucleotide Used to Make ATP, and Is the By-product When It Is "Burned". This Image Shows the Anionic (negatively Charged) Form., June 5, 2011. Own work This chemical image was created with Discovery Studio Visualizer. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
---. Space-filling Model of the Adenosine Triphosphate Molecule, Also Known as ATP, the Nucleotide That Functions as the Primary Energy Carrier in Cells, Often Called the "Molecular Unit of Currency". This Image Shows the Anionic (negatively Charged) Form., June 5, 2011. Own work This chemical image was created with Discovery Studio Visualizer. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
---. Space-filling Model of the Adenosine Triphosphate Molecule, Also Known as ATP, the Nucleotide That Functions as the Primary Energy Carrier in Cells, Often Called the "Molecular Unit of Currency". This Image Shows the Anionic (negatively Charged) Form., June 5, 2011. Own work This chemical image was created with Discovery Studio Visualizer. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
LadyofHats. English: A Diagram Showing a Mitochondrion of the Eukaryotic Cell. Mitochondria Are Organelles Surrounded by Membranes, Distributed in the Cytosol of Most Eukaryotic Cells. Its Main Function Is the Conversion of Potential Energy of Pyruvate Molecules into ATP. Português:, March 7, 2013. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
Sponk. Deutsch: Verknüpfung Der Nukleinbasen C, G, A Und T Mit Dem Desoxyribosephosphat-Rückgrat Der DNA, March 25, 2010. Own work. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....
---. Deutsch: Verknüpfung Der Nukleinbasen C, G, A Und U Mit Dem Ribosephosphat-Rückgrat Der RNA, March 25, 2010. Own work. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil....

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16 мар 2013

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Комментарии : 296

@Bozemanscience1 11 лет назад

Sorry about that. I said ATP when I recorded the video and so I added a computer generated ADP to fix the mistake. Nice Hawking reference.

@muh_guts 3 года назад

Haha clever

@cutegamergrill5698 2 года назад

That freaked me out lol.

@phillyphan6428 9 лет назад

This guy has his teaching chops down. So much easier to understand after watching this.

@aleksandarjoe4290 7 лет назад

If you is interested in losing weight the best weight reduction using fat lose recipes that I have had was with the Lakan food tactic (just google it) definately the most useful diet i've tried.

@GabrielaRadu94 8 лет назад

As a student (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest, Romania) in need of understanding these mechanisms easily, because I postponed studying them for so long, mostly because they're teaching us in such a manner that we cannot get more bored, I want to thank you sir for your videos. You've made my life easier. Biochemistry is killing us. You are, literally, a blessing. Thank you!

@David-qv9yy 8 лет назад

I am also Biochem major. Chemistry is good to me, but biology is not.

@tehShikari 7 лет назад

same here, bro

@mangastrangeryoh853 7 лет назад

opposite for me which is the problem here because i need chemistry to understand bio XD

@raluca-teodorapop2005 5 лет назад

Ce ma bucur sa gasesc alti romani disperati haha

@MeesterG 10 лет назад

Hey Mr Anderson. I'm studying to become a teacher in a primary school in the Netherlands. I really have no need for this information, but I'm so curious about it and you explain it in a very awesome way! I try to look at one of your videos every morning when eating breakfast. I wish that some day I will be as good in teaching as you are.

@aivarasmuliuolis318 3 года назад

Well...are you yet?

@iloveplasticbottles 2 года назад

Did you become a teacher yet?

@MeesterG 2 года назад

Hey guys, yeah I am! I'm having a great time as a teacher. Brought my own PC a couple times to explore the universe in SpaceEngine. That was definitely awesome :D And you guys? Whatcha up to

@user-ll1zk8qp8k Год назад

@@MeesterG Happy for you ❤

@anotherguy5038 Год назад

John 14:21

@Bozemanscience1 11 лет назад

Elly- Thanks! I am a high school science teacher in Montana. I took a number of science classes throughout college and ended with a biology degree (and a broadfield teaching certification). I have been teaching for about 20 years. Best of luck with your studies. -Mr. A

@VisionInFlightCD 3 года назад

Finally a teacher who knows how to teach! Engaging, clear, informative and now I actually get it, oh, and care about it! Biology lecturers take note

@c.m.880 9 лет назад

You sir, are literally the reason I'm passing AP Bio

@alexaruiz3120 3 года назад

im in normal bio and im learning this.

@monocle_gentlesir 3 года назад

I took AP Bio when I was in high school and it is no different than normal BIO. AP is just the same information crammed into a shorter term. Its nothing special.

@Fotogianni 11 лет назад

Thanks for your presentations. I'm 55 years old and am returning to college for a science-based education. It's been a challenge and I find the visual presentation helps me get things clear in my mind. You're quite articulate and present the material in a logical and coherent manner. Cheers, I'll keep coming back as I discover new topics.

@Rothweg 11 лет назад

when ever i need to learn something your always there with an easy to understand video, will probably still be using these for help during my PHD years

@szern100 11 лет назад

Thanks so much for creating these videos and making them available to everyone! I teach AP Biology as well as 10th grade biology and these are so helpful to my students!

@yodaydyxz1752 10 лет назад

This is the best backup for quick review about ATP.I can't believe I almost forgot.Thank you for making it fast and on point. I'm gonna subscribe for sure.

@vigice78 6 лет назад

I love how you explain everything, you make it easy to understand. Thanks!!

@Bozemanscience1 11 лет назад

Hi :)

@lighthesun 11 лет назад

i love how you ask " why it's important.." or "how it's working" bc i can understand the importance of it.. vs at college just presented and its rushed through it before making any significant impact on your level of understanding All your videos are very helpful n can go back anytime to look over before an exam.. where nothing connects or make sense...

@najifaanjum3324 2 года назад

Thanks Mr. Anderson for one of the best explanations. As always, you rock!

@tomaino100 11 лет назад

you actually made my day, I know its nothing for you but im sick of all these huge youtube channels who don't care about their subs. You have an amazing youtube channel and have great relations with your subs. nice work. keep it up

@zebulonhusky3441 11 лет назад

Hello Sir, I'm a fourth year biology student here in the Philippines and I would like to say thank you for all your videos because I want to be like you Sir! I want to be a teacher just as the way you teach... it's easy to understand and indeed, it makes me love Biology!!! I hope you're my college professor!

@ScarletPimpernel750 11 лет назад

I've been watching your videos for 2 years and you've taught me everything I need to know, that my biology teacher didn't. Then this year, in our first class of biology, my teacher said we'd be watching your videos to help us. I accidentally said "I love that guy!" really loudly, and everyone looked at me :/ But it's true. I love you and your videos! Thank you so much for being such a genius! ^_^

@MrAsystole 11 лет назад

you're a very sharp bright man.......you need more recognition, you have massive potential sir..... you are more than a teacher.

@bethsommer4194 11 лет назад

I wish I had had you as a professor this semester for Biology. You explain everything so clearly and it helps that you draw arrows and what not to point out important parts. Thanks for making these videos. These have been a huge help to me this semester! I've got a final exam today so I'm watching all the videos that have to do with what we went over all semester. Good thing they aren't super long. (: Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us!

@TheDailyDigestion 5 лет назад

Thank you! Best explanation of this process I have ever heard! Thank you

@iClone316 9 лет назад

lol wtf happened at 9:36 *robot voice* "ADP"

@cosmocox-haines6889 8 лет назад

+FrankGarrett316 i reckon he said the wrong thing then corrected himself

@kirsty7313 7 лет назад

FrankGarrett316 That scared the life out of me xD

@sananadeem1000 5 лет назад

creepy lmao

@latanezimbardo7129 5 лет назад

he's actually a robot, now we know

@SJQuirke 5 лет назад

that was "miiister aaandersen" - very interesting (edit) and clear presentation - I wish I had had this kind of input when I was learning school biololgy

@oatycookieori 8 лет назад

Thank you, this has been really helpful and was just what i was looking for

@3D-Dan 8 лет назад

Very interesting and fills a few gaps in my understanding. Thank you for the video

@angela7979 11 лет назад

Thanks!!! once again you helped connect the dots!!

@EllyKSaysHi 11 лет назад

Thanks for replying, you're such a true inspiration. :)

@bibucristian2958 11 лет назад

You're a great inspiratioin.I'm very greatful for the work you do ! Best wishes from Romania !

@j33ms 6 лет назад

Best videos on RU-vid. Plz keep up the awesome work.

@vanessuhm 11 лет назад

Great haircut! I adore your videos! you seriously make science easier and enjoyable :)

@onyangoolootv4377 8 лет назад

Very simple and easy to understand.

@breezinbyyou2 10 лет назад

Great video! Thank you! I'm taking di-ribose with magnesium and malate for fibromyalgia, and I just wanted to learn a little more, as I earlier wrote a friend about it. Thank you again!

@katiegrainger4438 8 лет назад

Really useful for the new OCR Biology spec - thank you

@npfox7925 9 лет назад

Very clearly explained. That helped a lot . Thanks so much!

@medfaxx1 10 лет назад

Thanks for a very good video. Over time your visuals get better and better!!!

@mihirjoshi9086 3 года назад

What a lecture sir !!! Really made my all the concepts clear ....hats off to u sir 🙇‍♂️🙇‍♂️

@engineeryusifable 10 лет назад

you are simply the best

@xSonea 11 лет назад

I am having Biology finals in 2 days and your videos help SOOOO MUCH!!! Thanks a lot!!!

@disneype 9 лет назад

Thank you very much, I like your style of teaching.

@15998088 2 года назад

Great video! Thanks for putting it up.

@KimmyKimChi 11 лет назад

Just what I was looking for ! :) Thank-you!

@edwardhahn7230 7 лет назад

Really, outstanding presentation. Very nice.

@RavjiPindoria 10 лет назад

Very nice lecture. Thank you for sharing.

@MisAmandaful 7 лет назад

really helpful how you explain the process.

@llavezestravez4696 6 лет назад

Will fill out transltn form in about 1 mnth and a half cuz hopefully Gd frst will have my own place and time to help out a little. Thank u for these videos. Thank you for sharing and spreading knowledge.

@kimcoffey9577 4 года назад

Wonderful...so important to understand the Body Electric. Thank you.

@ShiverZZZ666 2 года назад

Hello~ I am a bio premed and this is one of my fav yt channels for biology explanation^^

@thewalkingdeadfreak1 11 лет назад

Mr. Anderson thank you so much.

@ollierkul 8 лет назад

Totally saved me for my oral exam, thanks.

@sabrinarun2515 7 лет назад

Thanks for sharing this video. I am indeed appreciating your description of the main three parts. I need to know some information about it due to the process of my project of Adenosine Triphosphate analysis. More detailed information can be found in Creative Proteomics.

@zazaza5535 3 года назад

Incredible presentation.

@jairusvisitacion5267 5 лет назад

Thanks. U amd ur vid is a lifesaver. Bc of this, I was able to report our lesson :))

@charlottetompkins1481 4 года назад

This is great and extremely helpful

@amanial-khalifa5299 9 лет назад

YOU ARE THE BEST! GOD BLESS YOU

@soloella06 10 лет назад

Excellent video! Thank you!!

@ItsMattA 2 года назад

I am checking here in 2022. This resource was very helpful for me as I am taking intro bio and anatomy next quarter!

@kaitojagodka 11 лет назад

You are genius! Because genius lies in simplicity. Thank you very much for your work, it is very useful studying molecular biology! Greetings from Lithuania!;)))

@Haseebaali 8 лет назад

Thank you so much, your videos are helpful, your student are lucky :)

@schnarfel 7 лет назад

9:36, did the voice go robotic?

@chloefleming4592 8 лет назад

This makes so much sense 😍

@user-gt7gf5zr5x 11 лет назад

Thank you for your excellent explination

@GaryLuKOTH 10 лет назад

Nice job! You explain this information very well! Also, we are using your videos for Mrs. Wolfe's AP Biology class!

@keisegarra2936 9 лет назад

Loved the video!!!

@sarahalabi7165 Год назад

Thankyou proffesor you teach in an awsome proffessional easy way. I have excelerated in biology becuase of you thankyou so much

@changyongkang7651 2 года назад

great lecture :)

@mangastrangeryoh853 7 лет назад

Honestly so much more helpful then some of my teachers(gr 12)

@christianburke2175 4 года назад

Thank you!! So helpful!!! :)

@jmkoo02 6 лет назад

This could probably be my first comment on RU-vid.. ever since I started knowing RU-vid in 2007.. amazing video amazing explanation

@lil_buc2457 4 года назад

This video is so useful

@jentamika8655 11 лет назад

This is a very good presentation..

@hendwaheed9065 8 лет назад

YOU SAVED MY LIFE SENSAI ! I LOVE YOU SO MUCH ❤️❤️❤️❤️

@dewinthemorning 10 лет назад

ATP is a very special molecule, essential for life.

@alicececille7687 9 лет назад

This is very informative, Thank you! It helps me a lot on understanding how ATP works.

@PandaBerry23 10 лет назад

This helped sooo much

@margoradford 8 лет назад

yaaassssssss 👍👍👍👍 this just made me excited about biology for the first time! 😂😂😂

@rhipods_fitness 2 года назад

I like ur lesson its very clarifying

@RobertDeloyd 8 лет назад

yes this video was very helpful :)

@stargirlsusan 11 лет назад

lighthesun@ completely agree with ur statement. In college slides just go by without stoking in. I appreciate a TEACHER, not a presenter

@MelindaGreen 9 лет назад

Nice and clear description but what I'm most curious is exactly *how* the release of a phosphate performs work. I imagine the phosphate is shot off and can push on other stuff, but I have trouble imagining how that works. I mean ATP is used for so many uses that there must be some essential mechanism that they all share and I would love to understand that.

@andrey915 9 лет назад

Melinda Green This happens mostly by the capturing of the energy released when ATP breaks into ADP and Pi. The high amount of energy released is partly due to 3 properties of the hydrolysis of ATP. The first one, and highest contributor, being solvation effects. The energy content of ADP and Pi is much lower than ATP itself because ADP and Pi solves alot better than ATP on its own. Because ADP and Pi solves better, the repulsion is lowered in the phosphoanhydride bonds by better shielding. The ADP and Pi is therefore a more stable state than ATP(raising the free energy released). The second contributor is the decreasing electrostatic repulsion when ATP is converted to ADP and Pi. The electrostatic repulsion arises from the negatively charged oxygen molecules between the three phosphate groups. So energy is released when the four oxygens pushing against each other in ATP due to same charges are instead converted to 3 oxygens pushing against each other. The last contributer to the high energy is the stabilization of resonance which is raised when ATP is converted to ADP and Pi. The products have more resonance energy and are therefore more stable then the reactant. Hope this helps :) (5 months was a long time ago, but oh well)

@MelindaGreen 9 лет назад

Andrey That's all interesting but doesn't answer my question of *how* the release of energy is harnessed to do all these useful things. I understand that breaking a molecular bond releases energy like a tiny firecracker going off, but how does that cause muscle contractions or gene expression or any of the millions of different things that cells do with the energy? The fact that it can be used in so many ways suggests that there is some main mechanism that should be easy to understand, but it seems odd that something so fundamental never seems to get talked about. I feel like we're missing something important.

@MelindaGreen 9 лет назад

***** Yes, changing the conformation of another molecule is one major use of ATP. I guess a chemical signal "opens the door" to an ATP molecule slipping into a crack and then an enzyme clips open the bond and the resulting spring forces the containing molecule to change shape. That's still several complicated steps and I'd really like to see a simulation of the entire sequence close up and in very slow motion to get an idea of how something like that can be orchestrated. I get the feeling that very few people have a good understanding of how this really works, including lots of very excellent researchers who work with these molecules every day.

@w000w00t 9 лет назад

Melinda Green If you ever find out this answer, please let me know!! I've been dying to know because it's what makes life exist. I also want to know why chlorophyll's shape is needed for absorbing energy... super important. I also wonder why kinetic energy becomes radiation... energy, movement, and electrons go hand and hand everywhere. It's all we interact with and it's only a tiny tiny tiny fraction of an atoms mass. It would be cool if ATP shot a photon right where it needed to go and it was absorbed and converted to the required form of energy using DNAs ninja magic.

@angeleejudd1002 8 лет назад

This is random but could you please let me know what program you use to make your videos? Do you video your computer screen or do you have a tablet that you record?

@omnsnr 5 лет назад

Very helpfull video thanks sir

@fatimahhabeeb3511 3 года назад

best explanation ty sir

@DiveDiveDive22 11 лет назад

love the haircut mr anderson!

@MrSaad909 11 лет назад

Thanks a million you are marvelous

@classiseverything2me 8 лет назад

Excellent!!!!!

@AbdulLatif-xc1ur 4 года назад

Thanks allot for about atp

@cjhepburn7406 4 года назад

More > than helpful. Top man.

@ennessee88 11 лет назад

YOU ARE GREAT!!!!

@emieroche 11 лет назад

Hi Sir, do you think you can make a video about Mitochondrial Dna vs. Nuclear Dna? my teacher didn't explain well. I love the way you teach.

@matheusvieirao 11 лет назад

great video! but I just can't understand why do you get energy breaking the ATP chemical Bonding if this is an endothermic process

@babaleaf358 5 лет назад

So is it better to take and ATP supplements or an ADP supplement? Since the last sentence you said was add energy to adp to produce atp..

@loloo2685 5 лет назад

YOU ARE THE BEST

@daltonsmith3540 4 года назад

This video is useful

@juliags92 11 лет назад

wait so energy storage in nucleic acids is based on potential energy of tightly packed negative charges? or redox energy stored in bonds?

@alphatv7325 3 года назад

Superb Thank you

@abdullahalrawi5220 8 лет назад

Thank You .

@sfj_toph4586 4 года назад

so is hydrolysis the same as dephosphorylation and the dehydration reaction the same as phosphorylation?

@rich24561 6 лет назад

What is the form of the energy produced in ATP hydrolysis? Is it infra red or heat, kinetic, electromagnetic(other frequencies) electrostatic? What is the mechanical process by which it moves ions against an electrochemical gradient?

@elijahbanda830 6 лет назад

as a student i say that his the best

@jaxnean2663 10 лет назад

is the energy in ATP a potential electrical energy due to two negative phosphate being stacked close together? If so, is this potential energy going to released as kinetic energy? And if so, how does this kinetic energy going to be converted into chemical energy in a chemical bond? Please, i appreciate an answer :)