CARTA: Ancient DNA and Human Evolution - Johannes Krause: Ancient European Population History 

The show starts after 1:30.

Good news: great learning and progress being made about roots and identity and who we are. I love this stuff. Bad news: WAY too early to make any conclusions about anything. We need more ancient DNA samples. So Let’s go dig up more ancient corpses and Please avoid modern political/racial demagoguery.

This is exceedingly interesting. Thank you for posting this.

The old Irish myths say that the race of people which first brought farming to Ireland was wiped out by plague and replaced within a few years by another ethnic group.

We do have a good explanation for the migration and invasions; the horse, the wheel and bronze

Amazing lecture. Any updates since?

Underwatched and underappreciated. But already has far reaching insights into our past. And with each new discovery this picture is becoming more into focus.

Can we agree 15,000 years ago most of Central Europe was covered in ice? The coastal areas may have been warmer due to their proximity to water. Then the melting of the glaciers would allow the populations to gradually move into and occupy the center most areas. Could this explain the distribution of DNA over time?

Language can tell us a great deal about our past ancestors. The most common surname in Ireland is the name Murphy. The common Irish surname Murphy is a modern form of the ancient Irish name "O'Murchadha," which means "descendant of sea warrior," from the Gaelic muir meaning "sea" and cath meaning "battle." it is a very significant definition to a name as it is one example of how people travelled quickly around Northern Western Europe and beyond.

Very insightful. Thank you

Keep up the great work. Modern Genetic Studies explain so much we couldn't explain before. A lot of mysteries will be solved by this in the coming decades.

Thank you so much 🧬❤️🔬

Excellent talk!

Wow I am so addicted to this and really want to study this further

Who are the ancient ancestors of the Circassian people that pulled their DNA so high and to the right on the map? What is the genetic history piece that is missing between them and the Yamnaya?

This a comment regarding January 27 2016 lecture. I was wandering which category you would classify the CUCUTENI CULTURE- 5500 - 2750 BC. They were very advanced, more than one floor houses, large communities, potery had swastika on them...almost identical with later chinese pottery

Pleasure to be enlightened by this news.... so interesting.

"Lepenski Vir" 9500BCE and "Vinca Civilization" 7000BCE in Serbia. Oldest anthropology genetics from 7000BCE showed I2a Haplogroup in Vinca Civilization. Oldest bronze and Iron objects found there too. Its worth checking it out,changes lot of what we learned in schools.

Wonderful, thank you.

Hi just came here for curiosity and now I am amazed. I'm from north-central Italy (close to the ancient town of Spina). I have a friend from Sardinia and although we were born from different areas and I have green eyes while hers are dark brown, all people ask us if we are sisters. That's because we are indeed similar by somatic traits, body shape and color of hair. I concluded that genetics is not an exact science but....well I'm now very very curious. I'd like to trace back our ancestors.

Sehr informativ. Er bräuchte das aber nicht so durchzukurbeln. Etwas langsamer, etwas weniger Wörter... Wir sind ja nicht auf der Flucht...

Where can I see the same type of research but for Central and South Asia please?

hunter gatherers + anatolian farmers + steppe/PIE = modern europeans.

Ötzi the Tourist! XD

Stay hydrated!

Great Presentation. His presentation explains most of European origins, but there's a fourth ancestor for Southern Europe not mentioned. It isn't mentioned because we have little ancient DNA samples from Italy and the Balkan peninsula. Johannes Krause, The work you do is amazing. If you watch this video I want to let you know there's a fourth ancestor for Southern Europe who lived in the Near East and arrived after 3000 BC. They closely resembled modern people in the Near East. Most of their ancestry derived from people similar to Anatolian farmers and the rest of their ancestry comes from ancient people from Iran and the Caucasus who also contributed ancestry to the Steppe people. So, they were very related to the people already living in Southern Europe and are hard to detect. Their ancestry in modern Europeans gets mistaken as being Anatolian farmer ancestry. I'm sure there are people gathering DNA from Bronze age Southern Europe, so someone is going to discover this soon.

Very interesting

I am from the middle east I have 74% Farmer, 24% steppe, 0% European hunter-gatherer and 2% unidentified( probably middle eastern hunter-gatherer).

@14:47 is it denesovans?

It's a shame that C G. Seligman didn't know this!

Back in this time, around 2000-6000BCE most people would have been frightened to travel long distances over 20 miles in fear of getting lost and loosing the safety of their tribe and the safety of their group and shelter ( in my opinion this would make sense as there were no maps at all and loosing your family would have been challenging at the least ) It is more likely that those select few travellers who valued adventure and travel over family would travel long distances and wander across the land in search for new ideas and information. There were probably enough of these travellers, who travelled by land or ocean to eventually bring back grain or products or ideas to share or trade with anyone. The possibility also exists that the farming idea naturally evolved seperately in seperate areas. So the idea to transplant ( kale, cabbage, carrots, lettuce ) to my own farm to make life easier is not too far fetched. The particualar cereal grains ( wheat, barley etc ) would have been brought from dryer climates when travel became more widespread.

Why do people say modern day Europeans suddenly started looking white about 4000-6000 years ago?

Is there any way to have my DNA compared to ancient European, including Neanderthals without ruining my privacy? I wish we could test our DNA ourselves and that there would be an open database for DNA of ancient peoples.

Sadly, no insight is offered for the fact that Paleolithic and Mesolithic inhabitants of the Balkans (i.e. Helm peninsula) have largely not been impacted by the R1b march from the Eastern Europe. 75-80% of modern Serbian/Croatian genome is "old-European", I2a, E/J, and 15% of R1a. R1b is only 6%. Interestingly, the official history still maintains that Serbs moved to Balkan/Helm peninsula in 6 century AD. Very biased and incorrect.

The first graph and its various marks are not very well explained.

There is a contradiction in Starcevo culture (Serbia/Bosnia/Croatia) being shown as 100% Anatolian farmers (E/J presumably) while today's population is ~50% (ranging to 75% in Hercegovina) I2a haplotype, which is an old-European haplotype.

19:19 interesting

Great video, grandparents where krouse very similar to your name.

Interesting talk....The only thought that I would inject is that I believe that domestication of animals came prior to farming...….I believe that early people (probably women, while the men hunted), were gathering food for the captured animals, and discovered two things.....That the feed for the animals could also be used by humans for food, and that seeds could be planted and manipulated by selective propagation to increase yields...... Later, animals were selectively breed to increase domestication.

So if I’m Greek I’m basically a mix of western hunter gatherers and Neolithic farmers who came from the Middle East?

wow so in 20 minutes all you get from this lecture is that "ytppl didn't exist thousands of years ago" that's a very weird vibe to rest on, but whatever, the 'evidence' says otherwise.

The arrival and subsequent flourishing of a farming culture/community into a presumably sparsely populated hunter-gatherer region is analogous with the seventeenth century arrival and subsequent flourishing of the Dutch Boer into Southern Africa.

Horses, germs, and bronze.

The skincolor phenotype information at the end is cherry-picked. There are other genetic markers that predict skin color but I guess those will not produce politically correct results?

Patrimonial haplogroup R originates in Siberia and Ukraine. It was separated from I haplogroup (most probably original farmers - men ) which is the original survival of the Antediluvian global cataclysm and flood which scientifically happened around 110 - 75 000 years ago...Other patrimonial haplogroups (if i remember correctly Alpha and Beta YDNA) besides of I died out. Africa, but Europe were mostly completely flooded at that time. Both branches of R; R1b and R1a went towards the Middle east, while R1b went into the central Africa, where so called "pharaonic Tut" r1b trace comes from, although all their descendants are already black in color, while breeding with their women. R1b haplogroup created also Sumerian civilization, which indicates they most probably spoke proto Turkish (not in current nationalistic Turkish point of view; because Turks are pretty much already too much mixed society), while R1a went to current Middle East, like Iraq, Afganistan, India and current China (so called "white tall mummies of China") and into the western and central Europe; current Iberian (Iberian actually means "Avar" or "Ibr" or "Hebrew"; but there also existed so called Caucasian Iberia!) peninsula, from where they were then pushed out R1a and I carriers, around 4000 BCE; men with haplogroup I were then almost wiped out by R1b men. I haplogroup most probably created copper mines in Iberian peninsula which were later taken over by aggressive R1b carriers... R1a (current Slavs) was then pushed back into the eastern Europe, while I haplogroup survived in the Balkans and Scandinavia. Also what it is important in so called molecular studies is the fact that they speak different story as it is told in so called historical books... about several "mass" migrations of people. Historians sadly ignore exact sciences like Molecular genetics. For example the R1a haplogroup in 1-10th century AD did not "arrive" from the East, but was present there and was actually pushed towards the east and not vice versa; also if there would have been major mass migrations from the "Pripyat wetlands" into the "Roman empire" then this would be visible; it would be visible also the arrival of N haplogroup into the central Europe, which did not happen neither, because there is almost 0% N haplogroup today in central Europe. What i want to add to the end that I am not buying your "multi kulti" bullsh**, simply because of the reason mentioned above; men were wiping out men in history, they wiped out whole cultures, raped women (that's why mtDNA was "staying at home", not migrating too much, but this is of course totally ignored by so called "social scientists"). Europe, Asia was a territory which people today ignore because they do not know any more wars since WW2. A slaughterhouse. And if somebody tells me that "people lived in freedom with black people" are ignoring historical FACTS.

big links are missing here. Lepenski Vir and Vinča culture people.

My Halpogrup is ev-13 is possible that is Neolithic farmers halpogrup?

Couldn't something that happened to the native Americans have happened to the native Europeans? I.e. common diseases that their immune system couldn't handle?

you forgot the vinca civilisation - cities ,pottery,etc. and that their genes match witch the slavic population today - ca.7000 BC

Are you trying to say they didn't have grain in Africa? Or chariots or boats?

Skip to 2,05

Red & blonde hair; Green & blue eyes. The Mycenae, The Tartars, The Khazars, The Scythians (Gog, Magog), The Aryans. Tribe of Dan, Great Tartary, Atlantis, Lemuria.

When the Roman's invaded Britain they got to were Wales is and discovered that the British/Welsh were using a plough well the Roman's were a little shocked because the Welsh were using the most advanced plough the Roman's had ever seen and copied it and took it all over the Roman world and ended up all over the world that plough is still being used today specially in third world countries. So how did the British/Welsh have this plough how were they more advanced than the Roman's

The Neolithic revolution started in central Europe? Wait, what!? This must have been a language slip of some kind. I am thinking of Göbekli Tepe or Vučedol or Vinča.

there is another very simple explanation about mtDna uniformity that is forgotten here - that in all wars and migrations women that moved were in minority (armies were molstly from men) and domicile women were just too precious war booty to be killed.

Fake. I2a haplo Balkan is start.

arctic dna Ancient DNA Sheds New Light on Arctic's Earliest People; how does this DNA adapt them to cold weather

Miss tha beginning. ..Bulgaria, Romania , Albania. ...

Luzer!

So how does the biblical flood fit into all of this? X-)' Glad to see a video on human ancestry, with reasoned criticism, without overzealous religious folk saying it's just all wrong because of Adam & Eve and the deluge, yadda yadda. Sometimes those people seem to find anything conflicting their biblical views.

I have noticed that there is a type of people in Europe with gold blond hair and blue eyes and distinct iris ring who can be very brown in the sun in a natural way and they can keep the fine tan very long. Ucrainian and scandinavian, mostly swedish and danish girls and north germans some norse and some polish and russians are of that type.

One thing that concerns me. If someone could answer. I was taught that blue eyes are a recessive gene. However, I dispute this as maybe in fact being a dominant gene. Lol, I'm a little biased on this issue, as blue eyes are very dominant feature on both sides of my family.

Blue eyes and dark skin interesting solid proof open debate is important keeping modern social engineering out of the patch work of ancient theory

Nothing about half the world been wiped out about 12 thousand years ago..

ILLIRYA🇦🇱?????

Neolithic revolution "STARTED IN CENTRAL EUROPE about 7500ya and also in other areas some thousands of years before or after this"!?! (4m23s). WHAaaaa? Did it start in central Europe or not. Why say it did if it didn't? Is this about the Neolithic or European history? Edit: title says European. Nice. Useless.

With the advent of agriculture came the inevitability of over-population, and eventual species extinction

Spermacide ~ kind of. There is a need for research into mixed-children being the cause of another, similar being (race?) coming to an end. Whatever this something is, something moves among hosts and finds the best among 2 or more groups. Over generations, the new host is favored over others. Shown by the fact that the previous host is now an enemy to be eradicated along with the others. The act of aggression is in the sperm as I mentioned. It's work is to, among other things, render the previous host generation and others less fertile. Or, maybe, it could be the egg? This is a poor explanation of a concept that I hope you have grasped.

19:02 proposes a modern day pandemic would have a significant effect on the population, like the plague

Interesting but European history and the creation of civilizations really starts at the bronze age to late bronze age where we can start pin pointing European origins.

Vincha Serbia

SRB SRB SRB

He is speaking about something in which we have such little knowledge with so much certainty. These academics need to come back down to planet earth. In 10 years time he will be saying something else because of new discoveries and completely ignore his past ignorance and the audience will fully accept it.

Humanity has existed for 180,000+ years.

So what Johannes is trying to say is that all these English, Dutch and German nationalists and xenophobes who despise Turks, Syrians, Russians and Ukrainians are being silly.

Everything started in Vinča (VINTCHA) and Starčevo (STARTCHEVO) LEPENSKI VIR, all the civilisation. It is today’s Serbia Danube region.

First Europeans came in europe from turkic countries.. They are the proto Europeans.. Studies from European scientists confirm this theory. They say first people came from areas around rivers euphrat, Tigris and from nowadays Turkish territory.. So, thank you Troy, you were real Thank you odyssey and all the rest

Considering the Vedic, Puranic and Jain history, the hypothesis that is used for dating western based anthropogeny needs to be synthesized with Indian, Chinese, Japanese and other eastern, african heritage and civilization to have a universal credibility and acceptance.

Listen if you want to find out how europe was populated part of it has to do with the ancient texts of india the rig veda!!! Look at the names of people in india and then look at the names of people in countries like croatia etc. deeply rooted in sanskrit!!! I was shocked when i discovered that there are white people with names like indira in croatia and its also a predominant name in india!!! And both countries have many more of the same names that are traditional names deeply rooted in sanskrit!!! How can that correlation be possible with two cultures that seemingly have nothing in common? Ancient aryans that came to india from high places in the artic after the ice age then journeyed to europe and took sanskrit language there!!! Sanskrit is the mother of all european languages!!! If you listen to some one speaking german and someone speaking sanskrit it sounds almost the same!!!

Horses!

VINCHA ( vinča) ...!!!!!!!!

i wonder what the ancient people would forage or grow since european climate does not allow for fruit trees or vegetables. Even today much of european food is imported. Grass seeds berries and mushrooms are the most that would have been possible.

Light skin in Europe is about 4000 years old. I don't believe this because every Hollywood Ancient Egypt movie I have seen has only white actors. LOL

Nice to hear a german speak on genetics. 🇩🇰🇩🇰

Boring Just tell me what you found or think.

*Darker* skin. Not "dark" skin. It's important to be accurate. Mesolithic hunter gatherers would've been confused with no other people except modern Europeans

Archeological sites were discovered more than 100 years ago and artifact excavations have taken place. It is political decision to ignore them although renown archeologists speak of it. The oldest European script is from that era and location (Lepenski Vir, Vinca). If you do some research on this the facts will reveal themselves. First pinwheel (swastika) symbol is much older then its manifestation in ancient eastern civilizations. I am not asking anyone to believe in this story. Do some research and come to your own conclusion.

Aryans had white skin. Not dark brown. This is a manipulation of DNA and known human history. Pre-Indo Europeans were white. Egyptian royalty has even been proven to have pre-indo European/Aryan DNA. Same with Asia and religion. Subsaharien African DNA has dark skin and different features along with the Ghost Gene which origins are unknown. I dont even study that deeply. But I have a bit. And this doesnt make sense if you connect it with known history

So light skin comes from the Steppe, just like in East Asia, likely nomadic pastoralists (Aryans).

Paradox usually means unexplainable or impossible. So human-ape paradox means........... Humans have not evolved one bit since we've been able to record any knowledge at all. We adapt but never evolve. Humans living in the worst conditions for 1,000 years haven't evolved to be ant different than you and I. I think that alone proves humans stay the same just like the animals around us. There have been millions of different animals who were similar to current living species that have gone extinct, so why can't they just believe that humans has cousins that went extinct to, but they were not our ancestors.

"out of africa" sigh...

Europe = hellenes

Gobeckli tepe throws everything he says right down the toilet.

why are we so powerful and why are we destroying the earth? arent we a cug in a bigger plan?

Pale skin didn't even exist in that time. These people were dark.

Ein Deutscher spricht in den USA in englisch über Europa, wäre schön es in deutsch zu hören dann wüsste ich mehr. Achso, die Deutschen sollen es nicht wissen.....

tfw no dark skinned blue eyed gf

Stop laing peoples! All white people are Serbian from Lepenski Vir 9500BC and Vinca culture 5500BC and Starcevo, Tripoli Cucuteni then Mesopotamia, old greek (Serbian)

Light skin only 4k years old !

His "shaky" voice makes him a chore to listen to.