chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture into its components. The mixture is dissolved in a fluid solvent (gas or liquid) called the mobile phase, which carries it through a system (a column, a capillary tube, a plate, or a sheet) on which a material called the stationary phase is fixed. Because the different constituents of the mixture tend to have different affinities for the stationary phase and are retained for different lengths of time depending on their interactions with its surface sites, the constituents travel at different apparent velocities in the mobile fluid, causing them to separate. The separation is based on the differential partitioning between the mobile and the stationary phases. Subtle differences in a compound's partition coefficient result in differential retention on the stationary phase and thus affect the separation.
Analyte - the substance to be separated during chromatography. It is also normally what is needed from the mixture.
Analytical chromatography - the use of chromatography to determine the existence and possibly also the concentration of analyte(s) in a sample.
Bonded phase - a stationary phase that is covalently bonded to the support particles or to the inside wall of the column tubing.
Chromatogram - the visual output of the chromatograph. In the case of an optimal separation, different peaks or patterns on the chromatogram correspond to different components of the separated mixture.
22 дек 2023
