General Method of Extraction of Volatile Oil (Part 03) | Extraction Methods of Volatile Oil 

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1. Introduction to Volatile Oil by Solution Pharmacy in Hindi • Class (60) = Volatile ...
2. General Method of Extraction of Volatile Oil (Part 1) by Solution Pharmacy • General Method of Extr...
3. General Method of Extraction of Volatile Oil (Part 2) in Hindi by Solution Pharmacy • General Method of Extr...
EXTRACTION METHOD OF VOLATILE OIL
1. Essential Oil Extraction by Expression
a. Sponge method
Expression or cold pressing, as it is also known, is only used in the production of citrus oils. The term expression refers to any physical process in which the essential oil glands in the peel are crushed or broken to release the oil. The oil was removed from the peel either by pressing the peel against a hard object, which was placed under a large natural sponge or by bending the peel into the sponge.
a. Scarification/Ecuella’s process
A second method uses a shallow bowl of copper (or sometimes brass) with a hollow central tube; the equaling tool is similar in shape to a shallow funnel. The bowl is equipped with brass points with blunt ends across which the whole citrus fruit is rolled by hand with some pressure until all of the oil glands have burst. The oil and aqueous cell contents are allowed to dribble down the hollow tube into a container from which the oil is separated by decantation.
2. Essential Oil Extraction by Solvent extraction
The volatile-solvent method is used to extract oil from flowers only. After passing through the material, the solvent is volatilized, condensed, and again passed through the material. Essential oil extracted using volatile solvent such as Petroleum ether, n hexane, methanol, ethanol etc. Plant material treated with solvents at temperature not exceeding 500 C and the volatile oil is removed from volatile oil by filtration and distillation under reduced pressure. Such volatile oil is called absolute and resembles very close the natural fragrance of the plant material.
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