O2 Sensor Basics - EricTheCarGuy

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This will be the beginning of a series that I'm going to do on computer controlled systems. I've had quite a bit of response to the check engine light video and I think this is the next logical step. I've covered the basic operation of an O2 or oxygen sensor as the basis for closed loop operation. This will probably not be the last time I cover information on O2 sensors, there is so much more to these than meets the eye.
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27 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 663

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@sonicthehedgehogca I actually plan to do an entire series on emission controls and their function at some point.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@alexroufs I'm glad to help. I really appreciate your comment as I work pretty hard at making my videos worth watching, thanks.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@Brendon00000 Yes the O2 sensor is the primary sensor used by the PCM to calculate the fuel mixture after warm up, often installing a new sensor will do all of the things you describe. Thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

Thanks for that comment, I try and post once a week, usually Wednesdays.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@demotorduvel I plan to at some point in the future. Thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@Drudy90 Lean codes are almost never the O2 sensor. It's usually an engine performance problem such as a vacuum leak or sometimes an exhaust leak. You might benefit from the video I did on "Power Balance Testing" too as well as finding a vacuum leak.

@ericthecarguy 15 лет назад

Excellent question, I think it will make a nice topic for a future video. For now to answer your question, on a V6 engine there are at least 2 sensors, one for each side of the engine, bank one is the side of the engine with #1 cylinder. Your jeep would have a straight 6 I believe, in that case bank one would be the sensor closest to the engine. Good luck and thanks for the comment.

@daniejames2591 7 лет назад

Hey Eric, I been watching your vids for a a while and you saved me not only a headache but money I dont have. Yo simply rock and thanks for the education.

@ericthecarguy 15 лет назад

Thanks. I've been working on my illustration skills, it's a cross between Photoshop and Apple's Motion. I think it works to help describe complex operations. If I were to do it again I might slow down the dialog though.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@SICKSxNINE Glad to help, thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@blind898 Great question. The secondary O2 is just for monitoring catalytic converter efficiency and does not contribute to the fuel mixture calculation. The secondary O2 is mounted either inside or after the cat, the computer compares the readings of this sensor with the front sensor to gauge cat efficiency.If the front sensor and rear sensor read close to the same the cat is not working. You should see the secondary sensor remain pretty much constant while the front will fluctuate when good.

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@frank0067 Those are for the heater which I hope to cover in future videos, only 1 wire will be the signal wire and to be honest the best way to see it is with a scan tool because you can check it while sitting in the drivers seat. Scan tools that show live data are pretty affordable these days.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@MrPoloboy25 I would be checking the operation of the IAC valve as well as look for vacuum leaks just to be on the safe side.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@td1238 I think you hit on an important point and that is working on the car that your working on is more like an 'art' rather than an absolute which is what I consider working on modern cars to be. With the older engines and carburetors you had to work to get things right, now you just replace parts. Sounds like you know what your doing though. Thanks for your comments.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@hydraz06 Not sure really but it reacts with O2 and produces voltage based on the amount it's exposed to.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@frenchokie You get more power out of a carb at least if it's set up right. Thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 15 лет назад

I plan to do just that but if you need the information now, you are looking for a signal from the O2 sensor to fluctuate around 0.50 volts as the car is running. You can do this using a DVOM set to measure voltage with one lead on the sensor and the other on a good engine ground. Thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@PlusOrMinusOne Your welcome, thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@spelunkerd Before OBDII this was the case however the newer sensors are much more accurate and with faster ECU's it's easy to see if a sensor is not performing correctly. In fact before OBDII it was common practice to replace an O2 after about 60K as part of a "tune up". You really don't need a lab scope to check them however just a good DVOM.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@Turbotrips I didn't say that it measures the O2 in the outside air but rather that it produces voltage based on the amount of O2 in the outside air as compared to the O2 in the exhaust. The difference in O2 causes electrons to flow and produce a voltage that is proportional to exhaust O2 content.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@frenchokie Yes, O2's are very sensitive and would probably foul if you ran oil past it like that, besides what good would it be for that engine?

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@desisandhuman It's hard to say without getting a look at it for myself but if it occurred after you put those plugs in you might consider putting the OE back in just to check if that makes a difference. Using performance parts in a non performance application is often not the best way to go in my experience especially on newer engines.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@evernet01 No, the heater is part of the sensor assembly so you would have to replace the entire sensor.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@td1238 Actually it does measure rich by default, if you know the amount of O2 in the exhaust you know how the engine is burning. .5V would be ideal for a fuel injected car but carbureted cars will run richer, if you want to set your carbs do it with a vacuum gauge as that is a much better method than reading an O2 for a carbureted car as it's hard to get the adjustment right as you have found. It also has a lot to do with your cam and how the rest of the engine is set up.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@mayers000 Thank YOU for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 15 лет назад

Probably not a bad idea. I will have another video in the future about replacing them, a special socket may be required, you might get away with just a 7/8 wrench though.

@MotorScotti 7 лет назад

Eric, your older videos still rock! Thank you for the short amd snappy explanation!

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@DSchruteBeets The O2 is still good but the heater that is designed to bring the sensor up to temp has failed, this will make it so that it takes longer for the sensor to warm up but it will still work when it does.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@evernet01 I believe that code is for the heater inside the sensor itself, if the wiring is OK it's probably a bad sensor as the heating element is separate from the sensor output.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@michaelmonsod It is most likely the sensor but it could also be a wiring problem. I like to verify it's operation or non-operation before I replace a sensor, a quick look on a scan tool is all that I usually need.

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@Sanjeai Yes it should be located in the 'A' pipe just off of the engine before the cat, it might be in the manifold however I don't remember exactly, look in the exhaust as close to the engine as you can for what looks like a spark plug with wires coming out of it. When you find it to remove it I would cut the wires off of the sensor and use a 7/8 socket or box wrench to remove it rather than trying to remove it with an O2 sensor socket. Good luck.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@PigE911 Thanks for the comment. What exactly were you looking to find out about with spark plugs?

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@Tagard1995 I have no idea but I suppose it would as it's really the difference in O2 content that makes it work, I don't believe it is dependent on pressure.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@chackers Lean is not enough fuel OR too much air, rich is just the opposite. The sensor has 2 parts, one exposed to the outside atmosphere (those little holes around the top by the wire) and the other end is placed in the exhaust stream. The bigger the difference in O2 between the outside air and the air inside the exhaust the greater the voltage produced by the sensor, in short, rich means (less O2 in the exhaust) voltage close to 1V and lean means a lower voltage is produced closer to 0V.

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@EncinitasLokal Actually that does sound like it might be transmission related if I read you correctly.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@pCneter I used motion graphic software to create the animation in this video if that's what your asking.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@michaelmonsod That is probably my favorite thing in the world right now, helping people save money. Thanks for the comment.

@HamzaKhan-dk9qr 4 года назад

Eric what if your post oxygen sensor is not connected. I actually bought a swapped Vitz/Yaris from 1.0 to 1.3. i noticed that it's post oxygen sensor.is not connected

@MackFFT1 11 лет назад

Hello Eric! Great videos brother. I appreciate the time you take in doing these videos. I just replaced the water pump and timing belt on my 91 Legend and took it for a test drive and I noticed the car consuming more gas than usual. I retrieved the codes and after speaking to a Mechanic he told me that both o2 sensors were bad. Codes 41,44,17.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@ramrice That engine does not use a MAF so you can rule that out. The P0401 is an EGR flow problem, I know you mentioned you cleaned the EGR port but what you really need to do is clean each of the individual runners going into the intake, see the video I did on cleaning EGR passages. Start with this code and reset it to see if the other codes come back as they do not mean the O2 sensor is bad but rather it detects a problem with the fuel mix.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@Super98mustang Not really, the O2 sensor for the most part is for fuel trim, if the computer senses that it is out of range for an extended period it normally turns the check engine light one and ignores its input. Do you have a check engine light on? If so, what code?

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@JotaJotaHJ If the sensor has more than one wire one of them is actually powering a heater that is used to get the sensor up to temperature more quickly, those are mostly 12 volts however, or you might be on the wrong wire at the ECU, most reference voltage is 3-5 volts, you could have been on another sensor wire.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@ip161314 Yes the 4 wire works the same way the other wires are for the heater that brings the sensor up to temp quicker during warm up.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@Brendon00000 Did the sensor actually fix it or was there some other problem that was causing the mixture to be wrong?

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@KaldekBoch My videos are full of happy people, I don't explain why, they just are. Thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@savuisai That doesn't sound like an O2 sensor problem but rather an oil control problem, I suspect it's the oil control rings. To fix it you will need to repair or replace the engine. A compression test will help confirm this, I've done a video on compression testing if that helps.

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@sxr951 You might start by pulling any codes stored in the computer, if you don't have any codes go for the general tune up stuff and check the mechanical condition of the engine. Don't just blindly replace parts as that gets expensive.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@francisco8036 Not exactly, keep those little holes in the top of the sensor away from grease or other contaminants especially silicone as that will damage the sensor.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@blind898 Good luck with that and let me know what you find.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@TopGearrules The system will not read information for the O2 till the engine is at operating temp so the O2 is probably not at fault for the cold idle problem. I would look for connectors or something that might have been moved or damaged during your repair. In other words check your work as you might have done something accidentally or the sensor may be faulty hard to say really.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

The PO302 is a misfire code for cylinder #3, you might want to check the plug and injector for that cylinder. Thanks for the comment.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@alexroufs I have a couple actually, in fact I have videos covering all the things you mentioned. I hope to better organize them into categories soon but for now you can just do a search for the video you are looking for with EricTheCarGuy before whatever your searching for in the search box at the top of every YT page.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@cwilkins318 Misses under load are often the result of an ignition problem but not always. If you have a check engine light on then that is where you should start with your diagnosis, pull the code and follow the trouble shooting for that code, once you have done that check to see if the problem is still there, if it is then perhaps check the wires and the rest of the ignition system. Good luck.

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@EncinitasLokal That is what the code is for but check the O2 sensor readings to make sure that it's not an O2 sensor problem.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@frank0067 You might want to re-watch the video, the sensor is exposed to the inside AND the outside air, that is the purpose of those holes on the top of the sensor, there is not separate sensor it's all the same one.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@tiker646 Given that is a code for the heater circuit I would say you would be safe in replacing that sensor.

@ericthecarguy 15 лет назад

I keep working on it. I'm not quite to the software/hardware levels that they are yet but I'm getting better about creating these things from scratch. Your comments are always appreciated. Perhaps one day I can create a marriage between art and teaching thus completing my purpose in life.

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@bw110719 I'm not sure you will have any real gain from just replacing them but it can't hurt, I think the most you will notice is slightly better fuel economy. If your looking to get more performance start with the basics like a good tune up.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@380gb Perhaps not, I would look for vacuum leaks first before replacing the sensor as they can cause the sensor to read incorrectly and make it run rich.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@hiks1969 It is a Denso but it was bad that's why I used it in the video. Sorry I don't have any that are good that I could sell.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@nickernosher That is exactly what it should be doing, when they get old they tend to switch a lot slower and are less effective at maintaining optimum fuel ratios as a result.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@11skidoo232 That engine has more than one O2 I believe, one in each manifold. Your engine probably wouldn't suffer without a cat however it is illegal in just about every state to remove one permanently.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@jambe1234567 It monitors catalytic converter efficiency which is an integral part of the emissions system and if your going to pass an emissions test all systems need to function as designed.

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@lwgraves I see where your going with your statement however I stand by my statements because this is a video covering the basics of O2 sensor operation NOT AFR sensors or any specifics of either. Thanks for your input.

@courtneyclarke9139 4 года назад

I have a problem with my car there is no check light when I turn the key to the on position and the car wont start ,u have any idea what could be the problem

@Rrm-br5ku 11 лет назад

You're amazing!!! You always find a way to explain things in a way everyone can understand.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@joejeep03 Not all O2 sensor codes mean that you need an O2 sensor, some of those codes mean that the O2 is seeing something that is not right. Really depends on what code but you may have fixed it with your tune up as you said.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@jambe1234567 I wouldn't say it's the most important O2 sensor on the car but it's probably more expensive because it has a longer wiring harness which would drive up the cost of materials to make the part. It will need to function to pass an emissions test regardless.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@krazy8tattoos Sorry, I just don't have the space here to go into all the intricacies of the combustion process, stay tuned for future videos. BTW it might be that nothing is wrong and that's the way the engine runs.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@Super98mustang OK, there are about 10 codes for an O2 sensor but not all mean a bad O2 sensor some indicate another problem that the O2 sensor is detecting. What code(s) are stored now if any?

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@rock21586 I don't see why not, it's really no different than changing any other exhaust component. Look for a "bulge" close to the front of the engine in the exhaust system, this is usually the catalytic converter.

@johnd942 8 лет назад

If only all RU-vid presenters could follow your lead; keep it short and simple (K.I.S.S). Very well done Eric.

@PatRiot- 5 лет назад

Lieutenant colonel I knew had a saying of Keep it simple stupid Always worked out

@ericthecarguy 12 лет назад

@MrYourama I think so yes.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@frank0067 The best source I've found for that is Alldata but you have to spend a little but it's worth it. Other than that it's a factory service manual.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@founditnow54 Toyotas are famous for this, first I cut the wire and use a regular socket or the box end of a wrench not an O2 sensor socket, I normally use heat but there are still occasions where the threads become damaged during removal and require re-tapping.

@DtoWnSux1 10 лет назад

down2 earth, great channel eric, really enjoy your calm way of teaching. : )

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@tigerhorns The black smoke may have nothing to do with the O2 sensor, in fact it could be something else altogether. If you have a check engine light for an O2 then I might pursue that but it could just as easily be an ignition problem or some other electrical issue. I'm not a fan of cleaning engines as I've seen lots of problems pop up similar to yours after cleaning.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@IDONTKNOWIT21 Probably one of the most important sensors on the car is the O2 sensor as far as fuel mixture is concerned so yes you need it for good fuel economy. If you run it without a cat however you will still have a check engine light however not to mention it would fail an emissions test.

@MackFFT1 11 лет назад

I guess what I am trying to say is due to your videos and your explanations I have learned a lot and am actually investing in tools to fix my car and really getting motivated to make a career out of fixing cars. It feels great to be able to do something that other people get paid lots of money to do. Again thank you and I really appreciate the time you take to do these videos.

@jackryan4313 Год назад

9 years later. What's up? You still doing your own thing for your cars? Did you ever take up car stuff professionally?

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@ir1337zor I recommend getting the sensors into the stream as they will read better that way. I don't recommend running without a cat however. You will probably get a code P0420 but you can ignore it since your not running a cat.

@davidle7063 10 лет назад

Crystal clear. Thanks Eric!

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@DonMecanico Thank you.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@scyllis I'm thinking you did your test incorrectly. If your O2 was bad on that car it would set a code so your only replacing them because you want to. As for the P0420 get your hands on a scanner that gives you live data and compare the front O2 reading to the back, the back sensor should stay fairly constant around .5V while the front should switch quickly, if the rear also switches quickly and does not stay fairly constant then the cat is bad and should be replaced.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@winston0079 If they are Denso sensors I would go for the Amazon ones.

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@infamisss1 Rear O2 sensors monitor catalytic converter efficiency and don't effect fuel mixture. If you want more power they only real way is to modify the engine and the fuel map of the PCM accordingly. Other than that you will just be confusing the existing system and loose power and increase emissions. Modern cars are set up to discourage modification.

@ForTheManDIY 13 лет назад

Thanks for all the great videos. I would like to mention that the optimum O2 sensor signal is not 0.5V, but instead swings from below 0,2V to above 0.9V. This is required such that both catalysts are functional within the catalytic converter. One catalyst only works below 14.7:1 AFR and the other only works above 14.7:1 AFR. This is a minor yet very important point. Many falsely believe that the computer just can't keep up and hence the swing. Actually the swing is for proper cat operation.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@bikr1975 I would google that as there are "devices" out there.

@ItchyKneeSon 12 лет назад

Great video. Thanks for taking the time to make it AND make it available for everyone to see.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@jambe1234567 There is no physical difference in the sensors and you are correct it's only purpose is to monitor catalytic converter efficiency which was mandated as part of OBDII. It has nothing to do with fuel economy but if you suspect a bad cat you can compare the 2 readings and see how the cat is doing, if they read about the same then the cat is bad, if the post sensor remains around .5V then the cat is working fine.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@nickernosher Your not really looking for a steady reading from an O2 as it should switch back and forth rapidly if working properly.

@gojudude 10 лет назад

Yes. You asked about a CNG closed loop system. It will work exactly like it does in a standard vehicle application.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@billywaltmon That's really not possible, it's much better to replace them as they get old and don't work as well, not as a result of getting dirty but rather as a result of getting old. Aside from that O2 sensors are very sensitive to solvents so you would probably do a lot more damage than good by cleaning them.

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@Itsmeeman1 It would not go into closed loop meaning that the computer would probably go into a 'limp in' or 'fail safe' mode and performance and gas mileage would be compromised as a result.

@ericsinct 13 лет назад

thanks for all your help and suggestions. we need more honest mechanics like you...

@ericthecarguy 13 лет назад

@ericsinct Thank you!

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@blind898 Sounds like someone made a modification so that the light was not on after they "modified" the cat. Not sure what you have there without getting my hands on it but if you want to say legal you will probably need a cat and O2.

@tomaslopez4322 3 года назад

Learning alot from your videos, very good content👍quieck question, i took my car for a full fuel system service and after driving the car about 30 miles i got a cel for both banks, both sensors #1. Would this be caused by the chemicals used for the fuel system cleaning?

@ericthecarguy 14 лет назад

@FatLipDude69 I used to work at a dealer and some of the people I worked with lets just say, weren't always right. To answer your question they look like spark plugs sticking out of the exhaust pipes. You may need a special socket to put the new one in, they are all 7/8" in size however.