Oregon's 22 Kiloton Explosion; The Hole in the Ground

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Within Oregon is a giant 5,300 foot wide crater which formed due to an energy release equivalent to the detonation of 22 kilotons of TNT. This crater, known as "Hole in the Ground" formed not due to human interference or an asteroid impact, but rather through a powerful volcanic eruption. This video will discuss this massive crater, how it formed, and discuss some nearby similar volcanic features of the Fort Rock Volcanic Field.
Thumbnail Photo Credit: Google Earth, Image © 2024 CNES / Airbus. This image was overlaid with text, and then overlaid with GeologyHub made graphics (the image border, the red dotted maar crater rim outline, and the GeologyHub logo).
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Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers
This video is protected under "fair use". If you see an image and/or video which is your own in this video, and/or think my discussion of a scientific paper (and/or discussion/mentioning of the data/information within a scientific paper) does not fall under the fair use doctrine, and wish for it to be censored or removed, contact me by email at geologyhubyt@gmail.com and I will make the necessary changes.
Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image (and this list does not include every license used in this video and/or thumbnail image):
Public Domain: creativecommons.org/publicdom...
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Sources/Citations:
[1] U.S. Geological Survey
[2] Valentine, G. A., Fierstein, J., & White, J. D. L. (2022). Lateral extent of pyroclastic surge deposits at Ubehebe Crater (Death Valley, California) and implications for hazards in monogenetic volcanic fields. Geophysical Research Letters, 49, e2022GL100561. doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100561
[3] G. H. Heiken, Geosciences Division, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545
R. V. Fisher, Dept. of Geology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
N. V. Peterson, State of Oregon, Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries, Grants Pass, OR 97526
"A Field Trip to the Maar Volcanoes of the Fort Rock - Christmas Lake Valley Basin, Oregon", U.S. Geological Survey, Geological Survey Circular 838, Guides to Some Volcanic Terrances in Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and Northern California, npshistory.com/publications/ge....
Note: This source was used to cite the kiloton energy explosion equivalent which formed the Hole-in-the-Ground.
0:00 A Large Crater
2:14 Fort Rock Formation
3:12 Big Hole
3:49 22 Kiloton Explosion

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26 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 237

@cmahar3 29 дней назад

It occurs to me that one of the best things about your channel is no bs opening, scratch screen, music or entry video. You get straight to the topic, and I really appreciate that.

@cyrillecorinne 29 дней назад

Bonne remarque 🙂

@violetdreams1799 29 дней назад

ditto

@tedsteiner 29 дней назад

It's hard finding youtube channels that haven't sold out to pleasing the algorithm. His subscriber growth has been slow but very organic and I hope he keeps his content structure this way for the forseeable future.

@kevman5 29 дней назад

It's so nice to have actual educational content that isn't just getting pumped out for views.

@SonicBoone56 29 дней назад

And his voice is extremely easy to understand and monotone much like old-school educational content.

@oldblinddarby2498 27 дней назад

Thanks for creating clean, no frills, educational content. And thanks especially for not recycling the same tired humor and dumbing down of content. I love the straight forward presentation of facts. Keep it up please.

@bobw222 29 дней назад

What is that thing? "A big hole in the ground." Yeah I know, but what do we call it? "The Big Hole In The Ground."... I swear, geology gets more interesting every time I watch one of your videos.

@deanfirnatine7814 29 дней назад

Hole in the Ground is very close to Crack in the Ground, not joking.

@NightBazaar 29 дней назад

@@deanfirnatine7814 Crack in the Ground had been used as trash dump site. Just a short distance from Christmas Valley, some friends and I back in the early 1960s noticed a sign pointing to it. When we got there we were surprised see all the garbage in it. We thought it was some kind of joke to have a sign pointing a garbage dump as a scenic site. Obviously since then, most of the trash has been removed, but I think there might still be a few old bicycles in there. It's pretty long for a good hike these days. I'm pretty sure most of the Crack was still clean even back then, but we decided to move on and visit Hole in the Ground.

@AmateurHistorian999 27 дней назад

So maybe Boring, Oregon is actually named after a big bore hole.

@sjsomething4936 27 дней назад

Whoever named it was incredibly imaginative! 😂😂😂

@NonEuclideanTacoCannon 19 дней назад

@@NightBazaar I spent a summer in Christmas Valley in the 90s working on irrigation with my cousin. I went and found Crack-in-the-Ground while I was there. I can only imagine the difficulty of removing trash, much of the bottom looks inaccessible. I wanted to climb down and explore, but my cousin reminded me that the helicopter ride to the nearest medical facility is quite expensive.

@MakerGrigio 29 дней назад

Thank you! Your addition of fort rock to the hole in the ground was perfect. I've been there, it is a bit hard to get to but it is quite the thing to see, the elevated rim is surprising. the Newberry crater is one of my favorite places to camp. I know your coverage of volcanos drives most of the views and subs on your channel, but I really appreciate coverage of these smaller formations.

@raylivengood8040 29 дней назад

I tried going there while snow was still on the ground 😳. Even with a AWD vehicle, be prepared to get stuck if you haven’t got the right mud and snow tires !

@tyson9419 27 дней назад

Lots of clay and silt Im guessing.

@AnthonyChinaski 23 дня назад

Made it with my Mercury Milan

@boulderingbadger6179 21 день назад

Had no issues in my Highlander. Road was unremarkable. Did a drone video of HIG and Fort Rock. Cool area.

@DM-wp9vq 18 дней назад

Try the roads next time.

@raylivengood8040 18 дней назад

@@DM-wp9vq always that “one” guy 😆

@barrybeckford2733 29 дней назад

Love your channel, just the facts, no junk filler's, no long winded self praising monolog's...THANKS !

@TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx 29 дней назад

Thanks as always! Hole In the Ground's shape is quite smooth; its outer rim is very circular and uninterrupted. This volcanic field, as a whole, is very interesting.

@johnnash5118 29 дней назад

Oregon has the highest percentage per square mile of volcanic originated topography in North America @82%, second only to Hawaii at 100%.

@MrWiseinheart 28 дней назад

Wow I would have never thought.. good to know.

@tylerj.6973 26 дней назад

Sometimes driving around Oregon I have to remember that because there is volcanic s*** everywhere

@magapickle01 22 дня назад

regon used to be over the hotspot that created yellowstone . plate tectonics is impressive

@ArtByKarenEHaley 29 дней назад

When you uploaded your older video of this place, I put it on my list of places to visit. There are some rockhounding areas on the route to Hole in the Ground from the Willamette valley. One of my family's planned upcoming road trips will take us near there, since my kids and I are mild rockhounders. and I look forward to seeing it. Last year my husband and I camped near MT. Jefferson and I am going to see if you've made any videos about the mountain. Central and Eastern Oregon is an incredible place.

@GeologyHub 29 дней назад

Here is my Mt. Jefferson video: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-McXVCyG8kfI.htmlsi=IGnhGihY70wx4f6r

@Skidderoperator 27 дней назад

Plenty sasquatch here

@staudtj1 29 дней назад

Your concise explanation of the eruption process really paints a picture in one's mind . . . almost like being there, seeing it. Way cool ..

@AmateurHistorian999 27 дней назад

And you start with actual pictures, photographic and maps, on which to build from your narration. The three-axis pans and zooms are especially great.

@xwiick 29 дней назад

Thanks for all the hard work on these videos

@EraX52 29 дней назад

"The Big Hole" and "Hole-in-the-Ground," in my opinion gotta be one of the best volcano names cause it's such a simple name

@tuunaes 27 дней назад

How about Crater Lake?

@tyson9419 27 дней назад

Grand Canyon is pretty good too

@dantupper1784 28 дней назад

Thanks for giving the Ft Rock area some coverage. Nowadays Ft Rock has a much shorter dirt road, and some of the surviving Pioneer Houses have been moved nearby.

@Skidderoperator 27 дней назад

Sasquatch dig Fort rock

@Dranzerk8908 29 дней назад

That Juan De Fuca plate is a real problem, someone should do something about it. lol

@soyoucametosee7860 29 дней назад

LOL 😂

@cacogenicist 29 дней назад

The North American plate hears you and is working on it. 😊 ... Juan de Fuca plate will be gone soon (for geological time values of "soon"), when the spreading ridge subducts.

@Dragrath1 29 дней назад

From Nick Zenter's crazy Eocene A to Z series and some of the related papers I'm pretty sure that explanation is wrong as slab rollback requires the existence of a subducted slab but seismic tomography shows that instead the slab suddenly and abruptly terminates here at the high lava plains with no evidence for any slab continuation to the east. Instead there is a abnormally warm buoyant mantle associated with a linear translationally offset solid mantle low sheer velocity anomaly continuous with the Snake river Plain Yellowstone the Rio Grande rift the Gouda ridge the Juan de Fuca ridge and the East Pacific Rise. In essence this is the site where the East Pacific Rise a deep rooted fast spreading abnormally warm Mid Ocean Ridge cuts beneath North America.

@johnnash5118 29 дней назад

@@Dragrath1I also connect the EPR divergent activity under the SW NA Cordillera with the B&R extension and the California Trinity conveying NW into Oregon, which is also the source the NW rotation.

@pirobot668beta 29 дней назад

Drywall screws and Spackle...fixes everything around here...

@aurorauplinks 19 дней назад

What a delightful, unexpected, and informational video. Much better then many youtube shorts i watch. and in 5 minutes roughly. This is really great. thank you.

@RockHudrock 29 дней назад

I went there 20+ years ago. It’s impressive but it’s a long drive down a washboard dirt road to get there. 😂

@deborahferguson1163 29 дней назад

So did I, fun to see the geology there!

@bryanpritchett 29 дней назад

Was VERY glad to be driving a rental last time I was on that road!

@AmateurHistorian999 27 дней назад

@@bryanpritchett 😄😄😄

@KARLMARX56 27 дней назад

I used to that way, Slow down, enjoy the drive and be glad you're not walking. ✌️🍀

@Shivaho 29 дней назад

Passed through Christmas Valley on an Epic Cross Country Motorcycle Adventure in 1984....

@104thDIVTimberwolf 28 дней назад

The Pacific Northwest really is Disney Land for geologists.

@W7ENK 19 дней назад

I love it when you feature my backyard!! 🥰

@KhaoticKalm 23 дня назад

Thank you for covering this big ace hole.

@garrettmillsap 29 дней назад

I've been here so many times and I'm so happy to see an explanation of what happend. Thank you!

@edwardabrams4972 27 дней назад

My parents used to live in the area for 20 years and we spent a lot of time in the area and it’s looks even bigger when on the ground

@AndreaCrisp 29 дней назад

Thanks for another great video! I live in Oregon and have been to Fort Rock. Always interesting to see how things came to be. Our local PBS station OPB has a show titled Oregon Field Guide and a recent episode was about a recent scientific expedition to the Axial Seamount. I think you might be able to find it online or even on RU-vid. Now I am going to watch your video on it from last year. Somehow I missed it. So cool that the 2015 eruption was actually predicted and the only volcanic eruption to be correctly predicted!! Thank you for such great content.

@laurencepollen1456 29 дней назад

Great video. That for the explanation. There’s another formation near Christmas Valley Oregon called “Crack in the Ground” that’s worth the road trip and a video.

@AnthonyChinaski 23 дня назад

Been camping there a couple times; it hasn’t changed since the 90s for as far as I know. Cattle will come through once in awhile

@tthappyrock368 29 дней назад

How have I lived in Oregon all my life and not heard of much less been to either of these places?! I think they will go on my list of places to go!

@patinsley 27 дней назад

Fought fire in this area. Very cool geology around there. Rapidly changing and lots of caves

@Ravenflight104 28 дней назад

As always, great job.

@tracker1673 27 дней назад

The view of Fort Rock from the top of Paulina point is amazing. Go in late summer though or snow can be a problem. So much geological activity in that area even as recent as when people lived there 10,000+ years ago.

@yomogami4561 29 дней назад

thanks for the information

@prabhakarv4193 22 дня назад

Very nice and informative. Thank you

@dantupper1784 28 дней назад

Thanks for covering that area. Lots to check out, for those that explore. Ft Rock is now under a couple of miles off pavement, and some of the surviving pioneer houses have been moved near Ft Rock.

@Tankeryanker339 29 дней назад

Went there few years ago along with crack in the ground and fort rock

@Dysturbed-00 29 дней назад

Such a fascinating volcanic area. I still wonder what process generated the huge circular mountain range between crater lake and Fort Rock. You can also find active cascades volcanoes (crater lake) and ancient Yellowstone hotspots in the area. It's full of activity in recent geologic times.

@jerrymeyers6 29 дней назад

Great episode. Thanks

@Roadcalldude 28 дней назад

Been there. Looks just like an impact crater. Thanks for explaining it! Fort Rock is a pretty amazing place too on a moonless night for astrophotography

@bofpwet9500 29 дней назад

I wonder how the known name of the lake from that time got to us! :P Maybe it's just my poor english skills but that sounded funny to me. Great content as always ofc...

@b.a.erlebacher1139 29 дней назад

Vid has been up more than 30 minutes and no one has yet pointed out that since it's a circular feature west of Greece it must be the ruins of Atlantis. What's more, there are other circular features in the area. Multiple lost ancient cities! Wow!

@wawabbit 29 дней назад

😂😂

@antoniodelrio1292 29 дней назад

I really enjoy your videos!

@Drgoldthumb 14 дней назад

I have been to fort rock. Amazing place to visit. Now I got to go back to see the big hole

@wellscampbell9858 29 дней назад

Question: would there be differences in the remnants of these explosions if they occurred underneath the water as opposed to on land near the lake? Thanks and I love your videos, concise and packed with info.

@strandedtimetraveler8435 29 дней назад

I find it amusing that when you describe steam expanding in volume that you rarely use the same number...

@b.a.erlebacher1139 29 дней назад

Yeah, I've noticed that too, but to be fair, the amount it expands depends on pressure and temperature. Dunno if GH is working out the weight of the overburden with a crib sheet of the Ideal Gas Laws. ;-)

@williamlloyd3769 29 дней назад

Wow, a huge blowout!

@susiesue3141 29 дней назад

Very interesting! Thanks for sharing. 😊

@harrybiped2294 24 дня назад

I saw this from the air on a flight to Vegas once and had to Google Earth it when I got to the hotel. Quite distinct from that vantage point!

@metal--babble346 29 дней назад

this is an impressive crater. Google earth doesn't tell the story. I've been there... It is HUGE !!

@ShelleyMagner 29 дней назад

Wow! Thank you for covering central Oregon. On a side note: for the past 3 days a wildfire has been burning outside of Prineville. I mention this because, typically, wildfire season doesn't begin until August.....

@toddshreve 28 дней назад

Been to all the discussed features and one more: Crack In the Ground! When we arrived at Hole In the Ground, a club of cannon owners were shooting from the rim down into the center at a target. We had previously considered walking down into it, but our plans changed, lol

@xyzct 28 дней назад

Fascinating episode.

@nixnox4852 29 дней назад

Nice to get the history of the area, I had always wondered about the features there. I live in the willamette valley, but have done work around the hilariously named "Christmas Valley" area a few times. Oregon just has an amazing variety of features when it comes to geology and biomes. That said, it takes a special kind to get excited about "hole in the ground" oregon. If that's your thing though, I definitely recommend "crack in the ground" as well. Note that Christmas valley has a hotel and 2 places to eat last I checked a few years ago. Those may or may not still be around...

@mikelouis9389 27 дней назад

Oregon is amazing. Geologists and rock hounds wonderland.

@neilhosler9001 27 дней назад

Toured through Craters on the moon national monument. Was quite surprised how volcanically active the region was.

@Poeponu 29 дней назад

I was just there last week! Interesting area.

@nahuelma97 26 дней назад

Love the randomness of this showing up on my home screen, and I love learning about random stuff like this. I only have one complaint, only one, and I know it might be a pet peeve of mine, but you seem to hold the mic too close to your mouth and I find the resulting effect on the voiceover distracting 😂 please consider pulling the mic away a bit so it doesn't have that almost ASMR quality to it. Additionally, I'd recommend opening your mouth a bit more when you record these voiceovers in order to give your voice a bit more brightness, and as an added benefit, this can also help compensate for any volume changes from pulling the mic away

@davejobe6282 17 дней назад

We like exploring that whole area . My daughter and I travel there by using dirt roads only as much as possible .

@briankepner7569 19 дней назад

The fort Rock outcropping is the location of a cave that they discover 30,000-year-old Indian sandals in and other copper lights indicates that they are One of the oldest proofs of human occupation in the Pacific Northwest. Indicates that there must have been multiple human crossings of land bridges during or just at the peak of glaciation. Both fort Rock and hole in the ground are great places to go visit You can actually camp at hole in the ground. But is also probably not discussed yet in this video is that there's tons of lava tubes in the area that you can freely enter and explore

@donaldnopp5644 25 дней назад

I have been there multitudes... very interesting.

@paamodt7170 29 дней назад

Been there how many times and never quite realized how it was made, until now

@thomaspownall2989 29 дней назад

You can drive down to the bottom, my brother and son did it last year. Bring some cajones and a 4x4 though. Very cool place to visit

@evelyne7071 29 дней назад

Really interesting.

@MartyWoodcock 21 день назад

The narrator sounds like he's trying to emulate Carl Sagan.

@jackyjoe10 29 дней назад

I've been to this. The drive to get in to it is awful, but worth it. Fort Eock is beautiful

@Gunbucket1964 21 день назад

The computer narration sounds like a Dutch version of Carl Sagan.

@thesjkexperience 28 дней назад

What a place for a concert! 🎉😊

@sophierobinson2738 27 дней назад

Whee! I love these discoveries! PS. Watching the old Westerns (like Wagon Train), I spend more time looking at the rock formations than paying attention to the story.)

@anatomicallymodernhuman5175 29 дней назад

Good explanation of the mechanism. The dates -- maybe. It could have been formed durimg the YDC after the Cordilleran and Laurentude ice sheets melted abruptly.

@Oregontrailblazin 29 дней назад

My fav place!

@SheepWaveMeByeBye 28 дней назад

The circular agriculture is a blight on the landscape.

@pa5287 29 дней назад

I learn something every day 👍AND IM 60 :)

@deborahmeier3255 26 дней назад

Could you explain the really large circular feature the you can see on google maps that is just west of the same area as in this article. It’s really large and I’ve never seen anything mentioned about this.

@oldschool1993 28 дней назад

WOW, almost took out the road.

@jamesb120 26 дней назад

Just curious here, when you zoom in at about 1:16 it appears there is a large circular structure to the west, about the size of the dry lake. Any details on that?

@whosaidthat5236 29 дней назад

Oh yeah, I remember when this happened! I still had to walk to school 5 miles uphill both ways!

@mikewatson4644 29 дней назад

And in the snow during a blizzard

@loslaynes 29 дней назад

There are two of those volcanic craters just west of Mountain Home Idaho. They are located right next to each other. They are slightly smaller than this one.

@riparianlife97701 22 дня назад

Barely missed the road and visitor's center.

@VocalChainsStudio 29 дней назад

Gotta throw a rave at Fort Rock❤

@brianevans5616 19 дней назад

Great video. Straight to the point Very informative No before video telling to like and subscribe and hit the bell crap. Thank you and im gonna hit the subscribe button.,..

@kna656 29 дней назад

I have camped there many times. Dusty and hot in summer. Quiet. Windy. Need high clearance or perfect weather.

@chrisbrown1462 29 дней назад

Pretty good chance that if they occured 20,000 years ago that people were in the area. May have even had people fishing in the lake. In similar lakes in Nevada there are records of villages and fishing communities along the shorelines of these lakes. They probably did not enjoy the big bangs.....

@25xoco25 29 дней назад

Santa Bárbara, in Azores Terceira island, Portugal, volcano updated to V3, today´s news!

@jayteedub322 29 дней назад

I'm really curious to know what that gigantic, almost perfectly circular terrain scarring is just to the southwest of the big hole in the ground. What caused that? Was it also remnants of a vocalnic crater or is is something different? Or is it anything at all?

@paulmicks7097 28 дней назад

Righteous structure 🎉

@StuffandThings_ 29 дней назад

What's up with the vaguely circular feature just to the west of Fort Rock? Is it an impact crater? Coincidence of erosion? Volcanic caldera? It seems to have a handful of volcanic features within it and is suspiciously located between Yamsay mountain and Newberry, so it seems like it could possibly be an old eroded caldera. Or, considering the volcanic history of the region and the very large size of this feature, perhaps a very _very_ old caldera from the time when caldera volcanism was going crazy in the region.

@all3ykat79 28 дней назад

I thought a Maar referred to a Volcano that produces carbon dioxide. Like the deadly one in Cameroon. I remember it was Chapter 10 of the Volcanology text book. But you did not mention carbon dioxide. There is also an ancient volcano somewhere in Europe which had eruptions that preserved such puzzling and interesting fossils... like turtles mid-coitus, though I learnt that from SciShow.

@costrio 29 дней назад

Is that why the ore is gone in Oregon? (Couldn't resit -- great setup. ;)

@Furry-xr4hp 29 дней назад

Vid about the deserts in Greece?

@MrWalksindarkness 23 дня назад

I think this was featured in the eighties Jeff Bridges movie Star Man

@papabonedaddy4116 27 дней назад

There's a tuff ring On Oahu. The most famous geologic figure in Hawaii.... Diamond head. Or Mt Leahi.

@oldowl33 13 дней назад

The Trinity shot only used 100 tons of dynamite……

@JackOllie4 29 дней назад

Interesting! I wonder if you could do a video featuring the Malaga Landslide in WA state, the largest known landslide in WA state.

@drscopeify 29 дней назад

There is a lot of erosion due to the amount of rain as well as logging activity like the Oso landslide a few years ago

@meepk633 26 дней назад

54m is pretty deep, right? Sounds deep.

@nakor667 29 дней назад

Could you cover Cratons?

@cacogenicist 29 дней назад

That's a really big topic.

@MrWiseinheart 28 дней назад

Is that another location...?

@Regolith86 27 дней назад

@@MrWiseinheart A craton is a large chunk of the "original" continental crust that has survived more or less intact for the last several billion years or so. Basically areas that have never gone through rifting or subduction.

@MrWiseinheart 27 дней назад

@@Regolith86 Thanks 👍 good to know.