Protein Transport (Mitochondria) 

Yes more detail!

This is glorious, I've been looking for "increase mitochondria" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you ever come across - Miyason Mitochondria Masker - (search on google ) ? Ive heard some incredible things about it and my neighbour got amazing results with it.

That's how the protein gets into the matrix, but there are two other alternatives: 1. The protein slots into the inner membrane as a transmembrane protein 2. It comes into the intermembrane space. The initial steps are basically the same, but the last step is what's different.

*TRANSMEMBRANE IMPORT* To understand this, you also have to understand that transmembrane proteins require the existence of internal sequences. It's also important to note that these sequences are NOT cleaved. There are multiple pathways how this could happen. I'll draw diagrams again so I'll provide legends for each Path. Path A What happens? The protein doesn't get threaded all the way and gets stuck inside the inner membrane. This happens because of a "stop transfer sequence". This means that the back portion of the protein or the C terminus side doesn't get threaded into the matrix. Diagram below. | ozooooooo Inner membrane | Explanation? Okay, the "z" thing is the part of the protein which is in the inner membrane. In the pre-mRNA this would be a stop-transfer sequence. Typically the stop-transfer sequence contains hydrophobic residues. If you didn't know already, the inside part of the phospholipid bilayer contains the fatty acid tails, which are very hydrophobic and don't want to be near water, so the hydrophobic residues of the stop-transfer sequence would love it there. Anyway because of the stop transfer sequence, this zig-zaggy part of the protein floats away from Tim23/17 and stays in the membrane as the rest of the protein is translated in the intermembrane space. Path B The protein contains an Oxa-1 targeting sequence. Protein released inside the matrix and Oxa-1 facilitates the insertion of the protein to the membrane (~ is a bit of the protein in the intermembrane space) ~ ozozoTTTooooooo | | Oxa-1 Path C Protein contains multiple internal targeting sequences and no matrix signalling sequence. These are usually a series of signal-anchor and stop-transfer anchors. The signal anchors have positively charged residues to place some parts of the protein in the negatively charged matrix. Basically the protein is threaded into the intermembrane multiple times. This is a multi-pass protein. ozozozozozooo ~ ~ ~ ~ Sorry if that was confusing, it's kind of hard to draw diagrams. tl;dr Protein can also slot into intermembrane space depending on what internal targeting seqeunces it has.

*INTERMEMBRANE SPACE IMPORT* This one's simple a.) Protein has a matrix targeting signal sequence, and an intermembrane targeting sequence. Protease cleaves signal sequence while another protease cleaves the matrix targeting signal sequence. Protein floats in the intermembrane space b.) Just forgo the matrix targeting signal sequence and go straight with an internal intermembrane space targeting sequence. The protein is delivered directly into the intermembrane space.

@@divelikejunk8557 thanks for your Wonderful work....1000likes for u

@@francescoflenda4500 tomorrow I hv exam hope this will help

Adrian Cavalcanti the camera makes it better

now you've surely completed your studies :D

it goes to matrix so it goes through both membranes

craksandwitches you seriously don’t know what mRNA is? It doesn’t put me to sleep

jesusable2save yes and that other guy thinks human sacrifice is bad and so is God but he loved us and that’s why he sent Jesus.

Just say God :)

ColAbernathy well we know those are fake because no one believes them and science has proven otherwise

Aaleah Brown god is not jealous, he just wants to meet us in heaven. If we worship others we’ll go to hell thats why.

ColAbernathy it’s not sacrifice, he made Jesus for the sacrifice. Not just a normal human who would die. He LOVED us that much to sacrifice his own perfect son to save everyone else