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Royal DNA Test - What is the Genetic Heritage of the Monarchs of Europe? 2/2 

History Tea Time with Lindsay Holiday
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What’s more British than the British royal family? More Spanish than the Spanish Monarchs? More Norse than the King of Norway? Well, a lot of things actually. In fact, nearly all of the 10 remaining hereditary monarchs of Europe have more German DNA than they do local. For centuries, royals almost exclusively married other, foreign royals. They rarely mixed their blue blood with people native to the Kingdoms they ruled over. What’s more, when dynasties died out (often from excessive inbreeding) foreign royal houses put their own seconds sons on the throne, establishing new, entirely alien dynasties. Modern royal families try to brand themselves as throughly native and in touch with the common people. And if they ever spit into a test tube and sent it off for a DNA test, they would probably never publish the results. But, by looking back at their family trees, we can get a pretty good idea of their heritage. Last week we explore the heritage of the reigning families of Belgium, Denmark Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco and Norway. Today we’ll analyze the DNA of the Dutch, Spanish, Swedish and British royal families. Plus we’ll compare them all to see which modern monarchy has the most local DNA; and find out why the royals of Europe are all so German.
Royal family of The Netherlands - Dutch royal family
Royal family of Spain - Spanish Royal family
Royal family of
Sweden - Swedish royal family
Royal family of The United Kingdom - British Royal family
Why are the royals so German?
Which royal families are the most German?
Which royal families are the most local?
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Music: Brandenburg Concerto No4-1 BWV1049 - Classical Whimsical by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
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20 ноя 2023

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Комментарии : 1,2 тыс.   
@laine3508
@laine3508 6 месяцев назад
As a Finnish person, I was so surprised and happy to hear about your Finnish heritage! Most of my grandmother’s aunts and uncles moved to the States (Minnesota and Michigan) in the late 19th/early 20th centuries. We still keep in touch with our American cousins!
@RcsN505
@RcsN505 6 месяцев назад
Having lived in Finland I can tell you Lindsay looks very Finnish! Made sense to me... Kiitos tästä videosta!
@DakotaCelt1
@DakotaCelt1 6 месяцев назад
A good friend of mine is Finnish and Saami....
@LindsayHoliday
@LindsayHoliday 6 месяцев назад
Lol, I get that a lot!
@LindsayHoliday
@LindsayHoliday 6 месяцев назад
Our relatives were probably on the same boat!
@TheDecoCottage
@TheDecoCottage 6 месяцев назад
Lots of people of Scandinavian descent in the upper Midwest. I myself am about 1/4 Norwegian and live in Wisconsin. My grandmother was 96% Scandinavian (from Norway) and 4% from the British Isles. Her parents and grandparents were all descended from Norwegian immigrants or immigrants themselves. The 4% British Isles we’ve traced to Vikings.
@thebitchprince
@thebitchprince 6 месяцев назад
Hello Lindsay, Filipino here. The historical concept of Filipino as a national identity only emerged during the latter half of the 19th century so it is most likely that Letizia's ancestry reference was Spanish Filipino meaning that an insular Spanish born in the Indies and not an indigenous Austronesian Filipino as we know it today.
@kuyaAriel23
@kuyaAriel23 6 месяцев назад
Tama..Never mahahaluan ng Austronesian race ang Spanish bourbon hehe
@arung13
@arung13 5 месяцев назад
Maternal grandmother ni Q. Letizias ay half filipino half spanish.
@arung13
@arung13 5 месяцев назад
Spanish Filipino o Filipino Indio, 'di ko sure. Hehe
@ddizon666
@ddizon666 5 месяцев назад
are u numb nuts already done dna test
@pabloarielfarfanceballos9811
@pabloarielfarfanceballos9811 5 месяцев назад
Yes, one of Letizia's maternal great-grandfathers, specifically the father of her grandma Enriqueta, mother of Paloma Rocasolano, was born in the Philippines back when the islands were part of the Spanish crown. His surname, Rodríguez, indicates that although born in the Philippines he was descendant of a family that came from Spain.
@pinkknight9
@pinkknight9 6 месяцев назад
Reyna Letizia's family does not have Filipino blood. One of her great grandparent was born in PH during the Spanish Era. Back then Spanish people who were born in PH were known as Filipinos. Natives were called Indios.
@Billy01113
@Billy01113 5 месяцев назад
Considering that Germany consisted of a lot of different indipendent small countries, each with their own royal families, Germany had considerably more royal bloodlines than any other country in Europe, so if you are scouting for royal spouses or surplus royals to be put on a throne, Germany was a good place to start. 😂
@carmenonea3800
@carmenonea3800 4 месяца назад
germans are high on royal supply and low on fuel
@davidsmith3736
@davidsmith3736 4 месяца назад
Good one.
@Anna_Key
@Anna_Key 4 месяца назад
I agree Billy.
@user-nb2sn6id4r
@user-nb2sn6id4r 4 месяца назад
Land full of heretics... no thanks
@VenturaIT
@VenturaIT 4 месяца назад
Germany didn't exist before 1870 and the High German didn't exist on paper before 1522 and took longer for everyone to speak it, and even today former German states speak their own dialect (and still study the High German.)
@laurenceallanbukas8987
@laurenceallanbukas8987 5 месяцев назад
The definition of a Filipino in the late 19th century, when Queen Letizia’s ancestors were born, was different from today. Queen Letizia’s grandmother was indeed a Filipino, but it meant that she was a Spanish born in the Philippines. The term Filipino only applied to the native population in the 20th century. Prior to that, our ancestors called themselves what their local ethnicity was - Tagalog, Bisaya, Kapampangan, Ilocano etc
@IthreamTV
@IthreamTV 6 месяцев назад
Timestamps: 0:00 - Intro 1:48 - The Netherlands 5:56 - Spain 12:40 - Sponsor (Mondly) 14:01 - Sweden 18:54 - The United Kingdom (UK) 25:09 - Why is Everyone So German? 29:13 - Podcast Advertisement + Outro 29:37 - End of The Video
@mj9949
@mj9949 6 месяцев назад
@ms.migrant
@ms.migrant Месяц назад
Thank you
@captainfury497
@captainfury497 4 месяца назад
Germanic (not just just German proper) ruled large parts of Europe since the collapse of Rome. Franks in France (from whom the Bourbons descend from), Visigoths in Spain (many Spanish dynasties claimed their origins from them) , Lombards in Italy as well as Norse in Russia. One of the most powerful empires in European history was the Holy Roman Empire led by Charlemagne who was a Germanic Frank from whom descends most modern royals as well as common people in western Europe. Other events such as Anglo Saxon migration and Norman conquests further spread the Germanic DNA, even to the common people. One could confidently say that the Germanic people forged Europe as it is today after the fall of Rome.
@Bosniak803
@Bosniak803 3 месяца назад
Oh,that's my "DNA"/Germanic,but I love to be a "Jew"
@TheLiebde
@TheLiebde 3 месяца назад
Visigoths (all "goths") in general are originally from Sweden... then they moved to Central Europe and later to Eastern Europe and Western Europe... in fact I am from Northern Spain and got in my DNA test 20% Scandinavian..
@abrakadabra2192
@abrakadabra2192 3 месяца назад
@@TheLiebde well generally speaking, all germanics come from scandinavia. That Goths came from sweden is only a theory though. They could be from all the germanic origin area(scandinavia/northern germany)
@captainfury497
@captainfury497 3 месяца назад
@@TheLiebde Scandinavians (both ancient and modern) are also part of the Germanic people. Germanic doesn't just refer to just Germans but includes a variety of closely related peoples which includes the Nordic people. Also the origin of Visigoths isn't very clear even today. Your Norse ancestry maybe associated with them or maybe with the later settled Vikings or maybe even contacts with the Normans. Are you related to nobility? because from the genetic researches I've read Spanish people don't harbor much Germanic ancestry in general. 20% is way above average, you might want to research that further
@crystalhealing847
@crystalhealing847 3 месяца назад
All barbarians 😅😅😅
@mogznwaz
@mogznwaz 4 месяца назад
Northern Europeans are basically all the same. We have developed distinct local languages and cultures which separate us into ‘nations’ but intimately we’re not that different .
@utuberme1
@utuberme1 3 месяца назад
So everyone's really a German?
@paulbestwick2426
@paulbestwick2426 3 месяца назад
You basically described the human race.
@Sirinxa
@Sirinxa 3 месяца назад
I had never thought about it but actually there are countries in Europe that I tend to think of as more similar to each other than others. For historical reasons, linguistic reasons, architectural reasons, perceived atmosphere and so on I notice more similarities between: -Nordic countries -France, Italy, Spain -Germany, Austria, Switzerland. Etc.
@pb66
@pb66 3 месяца назад
@@paulbestwick2426 Actually, the races are extremely different, which is why we look so different. We have nothing in common.
@chrissy9876
@chrissy9876 3 месяца назад
Polish are considered people of color in the U.S. 😂😂😂
@misscrescentmoonie
@misscrescentmoonie 6 месяцев назад
lindsay is the reason why I'm such a history nerd!!
@jardon8636
@jardon8636 6 месяцев назад
wunderbar, par excellence, the crem de la cream,... she is super at european royal history...
@danielsantiagourtado3430
@danielsantiagourtado3430 6 месяцев назад
Tuesday ain't Tuesday without a new episode of the amazing lindsay! Your range and dedication to your craft is sublime girl! Keep going! Your work is the best and cant never have enough of it! 12:41 Specially loved that tree! You're truly one of a kind!
@Pluminha
@Pluminha 4 месяца назад
Gotha is pronounced "Gota", at least by the British royal family. German doesn't have the "th" sound we have in English. They pronounce it as "t".
@ermaek2145
@ermaek2145 4 месяца назад
Yay! Finland mentioned!! As a Finn, a small nation in population and different from our neighbours, we celebrate every time Finland is mentioned anywhere!😂 I was born in Turku, in which there is the medieval castle you posted a picture from. It is the only Finnish castle that held court.
@danielsantiagourtado3430
@danielsantiagourtado3430 6 месяцев назад
Always looking forward to your videos lindsay! You're a master storyteller! Always have a great time listening to you! Keep going😊😊😊❤❤❤❤❤
@zim_christ_lion
@zim_christ_lion 6 месяцев назад
Fantastic episode. Thank you, Lindsay.
@dorderre
@dorderre 6 месяцев назад
Just a minor correction: Maria Amalia of Saxony wasn't half Polish. Her father was Frederic Augustus II, Elector of Saxony (HRE) from the Wettin family. You know, the same family which ist almost EVERYWHERE :D He and his father just happened to also be elected kings of Poland for a time, but the family itself is as german as it gets.
@mt23downpayment53
@mt23downpayment53 6 месяцев назад
She makes a lot of mistakes like that, I try not to take her videos as gospel
@ulrikjensen6841
@ulrikjensen6841 5 месяцев назад
The most interesting thing is that the northern democratic - even social democratic has preserved the monarchy; of course Spain is in the South of Europe 😊
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Germans everywhere!
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 3 месяца назад
I wish Henry Louis Gates would do the ancestry of someone polish catholic, he has done several roots of polish jewelry and the pale of settlement. Well at least there was a polish pope.
@ShannonStevens-gl7le
@ShannonStevens-gl7le 6 месяцев назад
I appreciate you so much! This channel has captivated my autistic teen, and is the main reason were surviving 9th grade history and social studies.💖
@LindsayHoliday
@LindsayHoliday 6 месяцев назад
I'm so glad I could help! Good luck in 10th grade!
@lina4210
@lina4210 6 месяцев назад
I was always curious about this, but it's also important to note that dna doesn't distribute evenly, so the only way of really knowing their genetic heritages would be through dna tests.
@legacyxlove
@legacyxlove 6 месяцев назад
Yes! I am the only one in my immediate family to have blue eyes. Both my parents and brother have brown, but two of my grandparents had blue.
@TheDecoCottage
@TheDecoCottage 6 месяцев назад
True, though the percentages that Lindsay is giving would likely be relatively close to what we’d probably see in a DNA test. On paper I’m 25% Norwegian, 25% Croatian, 25% Russian and 25% mix of other European origins (English, Welsh, French, German, and Irish). My actual DNA test says I’m 39% Norwegian, 21% Baltics (Ukraine, Poland and Russia), 18% Eastern Europe (Slovenia & Croatia), 13% England & NW Europe (England, Germany & France), 5% Balkans (Croatia), 4% Welsh/Irish. Based on this, my mom’s genetics were stronger than my dad’s as the Norwegian and Croatian are more than 50%; though it’s possible my paternal grandmother had some Scandinavian decent.
@brooks7894
@brooks7894 6 месяцев назад
⁠​⁠@@TheDecoCottage50 percent of your generics are inherited from each parent, so neither can be genotypically dominant (ethnicity/ancestry). Though one parent’s genes can be phenotypically dominant over the other (physically resembling one parent more than the other, or a close resemblance to a maternal or paternal family member)
@MarinaMontserrat
@MarinaMontserrat 5 месяцев назад
Tests tell us about % in genotypes But all we can see are phenotypes we look at characteristics like colours of skin, hair, eyes... And more than one gene usually 2-3 have influence over them
@la95921
@la95921 4 месяца назад
@@TheDecoCottage "21% Baltics (Ukraine, Poland and Russia)," those aren't baltic.
@countalma9800
@countalma9800 5 месяцев назад
The Russian House of Romanoff was really the German house of Holstein-Gottorp. The last monarch of Russia who had mostly Russian blood was Empress Elizabeth, daughter of Peter I. Nicholas II, the last Russian emperor, had almost no russian blood. It is hard to believe the First World War could have happened, considering how closely related all the monarchies were.
@nirfz
@nirfz 4 месяца назад
I recommend the book "Sleepwalkers" about the topic of WW1's outbreak. It's about the last decades before it and how it got that far. In very short about the last russian emperor he was pushed into that direction by others. And the english monarch basically had to do what the government told him to represent. The british government would have been more likely to stay out of the war (at least initially) if the germans would not have gone through Belgium.* My opinion: the british could have even joined the other side even despite their agreements with the french, if the germans would have waited longer with their belgium march because the french also thought abuot going through Belgium... Belgium-neutrality-violation is what brought the british into the mess mostly.
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Never knew anything about ww1
@Elena-bz6gk
@Elena-bz6gk 4 месяца назад
Россия вступила в войну спасать своих православных братьев сербов, которым оказывала всяческую помощь. России нужен был мир между Сербией и Болгарией и влияние России на Балканах.
@j.y.5276
@j.y.5276 4 месяца назад
Yes nobody wants ruled by other kingdom's blood group. Not makes sense that Germans ruling the Russia.
@tjs114
@tjs114 4 месяца назад
World War 1 was essentially a giant family spat between first cousins which in some regions allowed the common people to do away with their monarchies either politically, or violently.
@jackietequila9072
@jackietequila9072 6 месяцев назад
Love everything you post, huges from Mexico!
@miashay2524
@miashay2524 6 месяцев назад
Hello from Boston, Lindsay. Wonderful job ! You have a true story telling voice. So engaging and easy to follow. Thank you.
@Man-in-the-green
@Man-in-the-green 4 месяца назад
Why do Americans always were they are from? Who cares?
@sirwelch9991
@sirwelch9991 6 месяцев назад
Lovely 2-part series.
@michelledrake9764
@michelledrake9764 6 месяцев назад
Fantastic series can't wait for your next video 😊
@amandapanda4057
@amandapanda4057 6 месяцев назад
Intresting to hear about your finnish heritage! Hope your finnish studies are going well, I applaud you for even trying since it is such a complicated language :) Fantastic video btw, you explain all of it in such a clear way.
@tHYRR3N
@tHYRR3N 4 месяца назад
As a swede, im thankful to victoria for chosing daniel as a mate, finally brining back some swedish blood to the throne.
@gudagaava
@gudagaava 4 месяца назад
... and some Finnish blood as well. That was about time, since Finland was part of Sweden for over 700 years.
@mercator5484
@mercator5484 3 месяца назад
Your‘e king should be arab or somali.
@ghostviggen
@ghostviggen 3 месяца назад
@@mercator5484That would be problematic according to the law, since the king needs to be a member of the Church.
@ls-l1518
@ls-l1518 3 месяца назад
​@@mercator5484😂
@ls-l1518
@ls-l1518 3 месяца назад
And he is really Swedish, when you look at his ancestors.
@susanpharr6809
@susanpharr6809 5 месяцев назад
Thanks to Princess Diana’s genetic ‘background’, Prince William will be the most British King genetically speaking and all, in generations! And then through William’s marriage to Princess Catherine, Prince George will be even more British!
@mrvgstyle2442
@mrvgstyle2442 3 месяца назад
Prince George IS more British, not will be! Thank you to Spencers and Middletons!
@sylph99
@sylph99 15 дней назад
Unlike Harry’s kids
@uptown_rider8078
@uptown_rider8078 4 месяца назад
In Spain and Portugal a lot of people have Germanic ancestry from the Suebi and Visigoths
@batminton7467
@batminton7467 3 месяца назад
no they don't. that's pure n z i propaganda. there are no archeological nor written evidences of the existence of those fake made up tribes. and the book march of the titans or the like are not written evidence. those are made up fantasy stories. spain and portugal are ethically roman aka mediterranean. and they are not a mix of germanic and arab people. that's a modern made up fantasy.
@onewotldgovernmentonlywhen9044
@onewotldgovernmentonlywhen9044 3 месяца назад
Many Hispanics have both Spain and Portugal, Jewish and Arabs as well
@uptown_rider8078
@uptown_rider8078 3 месяца назад
@@onewotldgovernmentonlywhen9044 Hispanics do not have jewish or arab
@thepretorian5292
@thepretorian5292 3 месяца назад
Lmao maybe like 0.1%
@uptown_rider8078
@uptown_rider8078 3 месяца назад
@@thepretorian5292 It’s much more than that
@Stephano_v_Bove__
@Stephano_v_Bove__ 6 месяцев назад
This was FASCINATING!! Thank you Lindsay!
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Thanks, I find watching Drew Pritchard going to family estates in Britain interesting.
@PokhrajRoy.
@PokhrajRoy. 6 месяцев назад
Nice series so far! 👏🏽
@Windwalker665
@Windwalker665 3 месяца назад
Mountbatten and Battenberg means actually the same. Berg translates to mountain.
@fuqupal
@fuqupal 3 месяца назад
Mountbatten was a psychopath. That's why he was blown up
@davicbertiz6977
@davicbertiz6977 6 месяцев назад
I have doubts on Queen Letizia's Filipino ancestry. Filipino, in the Philippines's Spanish Colonial era, refers to Spaniards of Iberian peninsular ancestry born in the Philippine Archipelago. So, it's most likely that "Filipino" ancestor of Queen Letizia was born in the Philippine archipelago but is still genetically Spanish. But still interesting in anyway to know that Queen Letizia's ancestors has some ties to the Philippines, although maybe not genetically.
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Explain this better, please
@XYZOxyz
@XYZOxyz 4 месяца назад
Unrelated question that I hope you might be able to help me with. My DNA test came back as 10% Iberian. I've been trying to figure out what exactly that means. Can you tell me who Iberians are, where did they come from? Thanks for any info you can provide.
@davicbertiz6977
@davicbertiz6977 4 месяца назад
@@XYZOxyz that means you have ancestors from the Iberian peninsula which consists countries Spain and Portugal.
@davicbertiz6977
@davicbertiz6977 4 месяца назад
@@mgeez6147 In the Philippines' Spanish colonial era, the term "Filipino" doesn't refer to the natives who live on the Philippine Archipelago instead it refers to Spaniards born in the Archipelago. So genetically they are Spanish but their place of birth is just the Philippine Archipelago. The natives were called "indio" but in modern times, the term "Filipino" now refers to every single people native to the archipelago or are genetically. It's more complicated than what I can explain and I can't say it all here in the comments so do your own research Just know these two terms (In the Spanish colonial era) Indio- natives of the Archipelago Filipino - born in the Archipelago but genetically a Spaniard
@XYZOxyz
@XYZOxyz 4 месяца назад
@@davicbertiz6977 Ok, I know that. Do you know where they came from, are they Arabs?
@aestiva
@aestiva 3 месяца назад
Great Video! I've tried to explain this to others many times, but you have done it best.
@gonefishing167
@gonefishing167 6 месяцев назад
I think it would be absolutely fascinating to do a dna test. There was a program on tv a few years back. They even went back around 50,000 years to show where you originally came from and where your ancestors went. Boy, they certainly got around. Fascinating 🙏🙏🙏👍👍👍👵🇦🇺
@zim_christ_lion
@zim_christ_lion 6 месяцев назад
As mentioned in the last video. On my maternal side, my family is directly descended from the Scottish Ogilvy clan and the Earls of Airlie Castle. Amazingly enough, we have found we are directly related to Lady Clementine Ogilvy Spencer Churchill, ( wife of Winston Churchill ) through the Ogilvy clan on our family tree. Lady Spencer-Churchill also connects us to the Spencer family through marriage and family. Not just that, we also have famous relatives such as Angus Ogilvy ( the husband of Princess Alexandra ) and the famous Scottish Napier line of Barons who were friends with the royal family and made their mark on history.
@deboraholsen2504
@deboraholsen2504 6 месяцев назад
I love the expressions of the proud Mama and Papa who obviously love their three adorable children so much at 4:54 !!!🥰
@danielsantiagourtado3430
@danielsantiagourtado3430 6 месяцев назад
Thanks as always for yet another amazing video lindsay! Can you please consider doing one in the tragic love story of Charlotte of wales and her husband leopold? 😊😊😊😊❤❤❤❤❤
@matthewmacpherson5071
@matthewmacpherson5071 6 месяцев назад
24:11 Here you said that Diana was the daughter of the Earl of Spencer which is incorrect, Diana was the daughter of The Earl Spencer not The Earl of Spencer.
@Passicious
@Passicious 6 месяцев назад
How about a video on Finnish history to celebrate your heritage, Lindsay? December 6th just so happens to be Finland's Independece Day...😊
@heatherpedersen6627
@heatherpedersen6627 6 месяцев назад
Wonderful video!!!
@eevakatariina
@eevakatariina 6 месяцев назад
Finnish lady here! Nice to hear about your family.
@Edmonton-of2ec
@Edmonton-of2ec 6 месяцев назад
19:10 One should note, Sophia of Hanover was actually NOT Anne’s *nearest* Protestant relative. The nearest relative was actually Sophia’s grandniece Frederica Mildmay, Dowager Countess of Holderness, Countess FitzWalter and 3rd Countess of Mértola, as she was the daughter of Raugravine Caroline Elisabeth, the child of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine and his morganatic wife Marie Luise von Degenfeld. My presumption is that she was passed over because she wasn’t royalty or because Britain considered Charles and Marie’s marriage bigamous as his former wife, Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel, outlived him.
@Chuck0856
@Chuck0856 25 дней назад
Sopia was the senior ranking Protestant relative.
@Edmonton-of2ec
@Edmonton-of2ec 25 дней назад
@@Chuck0856 Well no shit, she was married to the ruler of a German state. But her blood relationship was not the closest.
@ace-vb7lw
@ace-vb7lw 6 месяцев назад
even though I don't look Finnish, my great-gran is Finnish and I'm named after her. I know just the basics from when I was a kid that she taught me, but I'm definitely getting Mondly!
@Ayanotin
@Ayanotin 6 месяцев назад
I thank you for this source of knowledge, our Vietnamese royal family also had marriages with foreign countries. Before that, they did not marry foreigners for fear of losing royal power and authority and fear of invasion. When our Queen Anh Nguyet ascended the throne, she made marriage with foreigners legal, her grandfather also approved but her father didn't seem to like it. It can be said that the Vietnamese royal family is also normal and simple and close to the public without much publicity
@charlinemorris2337
@charlinemorris2337 5 месяцев назад
Wonderful and inspiring episode 🤗🤭👏
@MotDoiAnLac258
@MotDoiAnLac258 5 месяцев назад
Great video!! Extremely informative and interesting
@yaelhoefs4791
@yaelhoefs4791 6 месяцев назад
As a Dutch person I can say that indeed I do not really care about the fact that our royal family is mostly German. We know that… it’s even in our national anthem (“am I from Deutsche blood”). They are of course very Dutch by the way they act. They do culturally Dutch things, speak the language etc. That said: I love this video. It’s so fun to see all the percentages from all these royal families. If Amalia finds a partner I do hope a little bit that she wil find a Dutch partner (as long as she is happy ofcourse). A little bit of Dutch genes back in de royal family would be fun.
@coraholunder1989
@coraholunder1989 6 месяцев назад
Frisians at least have a lot of also Frisian relatives in Germany anyway. I consider myself German but my mom's side of the family is from East Frisia and even has a Dutch surname.
@Svitification
@Svitification 5 месяцев назад
Wrong map is shown for the Netherlands
@1993ALI
@1993ALI 5 месяцев назад
Are royals allowed to marry commoners?
@coraholunder1989
@coraholunder1989 4 месяца назад
@@1993ALI European royals, yes. After witnessing too much inbreeding and our countries becoming democratic the commoners wouldn't let any royals keep representing us if they kept on marrying their cousins.
@kaygrace5250
@kaygrace5250 4 месяца назад
All this Royal talk is BS!!! Geet rid of them, aren't you tired of working hard and paying them all your money on taxes that they inforce so they can be rich and lazy. They dont care Not for You, you are just another animal to them. Your reality of this will be soon.
@Edmonton-of2ec
@Edmonton-of2ec 6 месяцев назад
1:54 One should note William’s inheritance of the Principality of Orange was rather strange because he wasn’t actually descended from any previous Prince of Orange, he was the paternal uncle of the previous Prince, Rene of Chalon, who inherited the principality from his mother, William’s sister-in-law. So his nephew just *willed* him the principality
@SeaBreeze2247
@SeaBreeze2247 4 месяца назад
Fascinating! I’d always wondered about the German connection. My mother was English, with a paternal Scottish grandfather. My American father was descended from English colonists from Jamestown, Virginia on his mother’s side and English, Scots-Irish on his father’s side. I’ve never had a DNA test, but my sister did, and apparently we have Scandinavian (probably Vikings who settled in the British Isles). Anyway, I really appreciate the research and hard work you must have done to put all this together. I’ve subscribed and will be catching up on your other videos.
@henningbartels6245
@henningbartels6245 4 месяца назад
The Vikings came to England 1000 years ago that is like 40 generations. If the test is right then it must be some more recent relative probably from the American fathers side.
@minnaorv
@minnaorv 6 месяцев назад
UR FINNISH?? Thats so coool! Greetings from Finland😍
@paullee7161
@paullee7161 6 месяцев назад
EXCELLENT Video, 100%!!!
@Lord_Raymund
@Lord_Raymund 4 месяца назад
You are wrong about that Bernadotte means “Strong, brave bear”, Bernadotte means more that Jean Baptist was from the province of Béarn. The name Béarn derives from Beneharnum, the capital city of the ancient Venarni people. The heraldry of Béarn was two oxen. Béarn is also the place where béarnaise sauce comes from.
@rhondas.9385
@rhondas.9385 4 месяца назад
Wow what an awesome history podcast ❤
@siobhan28483
@siobhan28483 3 месяца назад
So I’m ethnically more Swedish than the current King of Sweden! Wow. 🇸🇪 Thoroughly enjoyed this video. You have yourself a new subscriber. ☺️
@beanclr
@beanclr 6 месяцев назад
That ad transition was elegantly executed. Good show.
@godisgracious8105
@godisgracious8105 6 месяцев назад
It's just incredible that royals can trace back their lineage to thousands of years! The furthest I can go is my great great grandparents:D
@here_we_go_again2571
@here_we_go_again2571 6 месяцев назад
Supposed lineage. There was a lot of hanky-panky going on over the millennia
@lilymarinovic1644
@lilymarinovic1644 6 месяцев назад
​@here_we_go_again2571 noble women tended to get in loads of trouble if they were caught cheating. See Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard plus Sophia Dorothea of Celle. So lots of incentive not to stray.
@roxyortiz8819
@roxyortiz8819 6 месяцев назад
@@here_we_go_again2571right, there were no paternity test until VERY recent history
@mrssparkles6488
@mrssparkles6488 5 месяцев назад
I manage to trace back as far as 15th/16th, only my dad's side, mainly my dad's dad, so my granddad
@lelouchlamperouge8560
@lelouchlamperouge8560 5 месяцев назад
‘Who controls the past controls the future, who controls the present controls the past.’ - Orwell ‘History is a lie agreed upon.’ - Bonaparte (?)
@braemtes23
@braemtes23 4 месяца назад
The topic is the genetic history of the monarchs, but at the end you discussed the six women by country of birth and not their genetic makeup. For example, Princess Grace is American but genetically is half German and half Irish. All of those women are genetically European (even the Filipino most likely) despite where they were born.
@VenturaIT
@VenturaIT 4 месяца назад
Germany didn't exist before 1870 and the language (High German) didn't exist on paper before 1522, so I'm not sure how she is calling most of these ancestors "German"?
@Fires755
@Fires755 3 месяца назад
This is BS!! You got it!!
@cecileroy557
@cecileroy557 3 месяца назад
@@VenturaIT But Germanic tribes existed long before "German" as a language came into codified usage. You must be aware that the Angles and Saxons brought their own form of "German" to England when they invaded - many English words come from that time.
@VenturaIT
@VenturaIT 3 месяца назад
Only OTHER people called them German/Germanic... German is a latin word, they didn't call themselves German... why are Dutch, Swedes, Norge, Belgic, not Germanic or are they? Holland borders Germany today, but Dutch aren't German? Dutch are Dutch but Germans speak Dutch and are Dutchlanders? hmmm Even today Germans don't call themselves German except when speaking English or latin language... the other German languages are very similar, but German also has a lot of similarities to Sanskrit even. What's your point? She is saying they are all German, but they aren't all German... are Austrians German? I guess they have a lot of German DNA if you call all humans German, lol. Not.@@cecileroy557
@joseffinat966
@joseffinat966 3 месяца назад
En wat dacht u van de Big-Apple van Eef of al die Chemtrails gecoördineerd door Stiftung Heinz Boll ( De Weermodificatie/ opwarming of verzuipen/ Laser ⚡️🔥💧💦🌊🌫⛈ ❄️ ☀️🌻
@soringoldenberg2856
@soringoldenberg2856 4 месяца назад
The "Russian" percentage due to the marriage of king George of Greece to the Russian princess Olga is actually also German.
@olgahein4384
@olgahein4384 4 месяца назад
Well, one of the reasons why the revolution against the Romanov family in early 20th century Russia even happened was because everybody agreed that the russian Tsars were not russian anymore. They married german royals and nobles for so long, that you can say the russian empire of that time was ruled by german.
@soringoldenberg2856
@soringoldenberg2856 4 месяца назад
@@olgahein4384 culturally they were Russian Orthodox.
@zim_christ_lion
@zim_christ_lion 6 месяцев назад
As a Zimbabwean of British descent, I have roots from all over the British Isles, particularly Scottish, English and Irish heritage. I also have a little Croatian, French, German, Scandinavian ( Swedish and Danish ) in me as well.
@bolle9810
@bolle9810 6 месяцев назад
It's incorrect to say that Victoria of Baden had "Swedish" DNA because of her ancestor King Gustav IV Adolf when he himself was of German and Danish stock.
@04nbod
@04nbod 6 месяцев назад
Marrying local has become so important in the British monarchy. The 'German' jokes are too close to the bone.
@Afterthefallout55660
@Afterthefallout55660 4 месяца назад
A british Royal to his friend:" Why are there so many tree lined streets and leafy lanes in France? Germans like to march in the shade." Hahaha! That's a good one Ohhh... Is anything okay? - "I think my hearth stumbled a bit" must be the potato dish...
@herondelatorre4023
@herondelatorre4023 5 месяцев назад
The reason that most of Europe's remaining monarchs are of strong German blood is because of two famous European monarchs who reigned largely in the 19th century. Those two monarchs were Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and King Christian IX of Denmark. Those two monarchs were of largely German blood. They both had many children who married into other European royal families and in turn produced grandchildren and great grandchildren , etc . Again that is one of the main reasons that many of those remaining monarchs of Europe who are descended from both Queen Victoria and King Christian IX have largely German blood.
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Would like to hear more European history and how it affects all of us today.
@herondelatorre4023
@herondelatorre4023 4 месяца назад
@mgeez6147 Well, you could look for other websites online that talk about the history of European monarchies during the 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries or you could also try finding books that talk about that same subject too.
@crystalhealing847
@crystalhealing847 3 месяца назад
Barbarian blood 😅😅😅
@batminton7467
@batminton7467 3 месяца назад
@@crystalhealing847 dude ... that's mean 😂. but every royal line since the dawn of mankind is paternally ruled. having kids with a foreign woman does not change anything. the fenotype of a certain person might change a bit ... but who cares.
@paulathepoodlelover
@paulathepoodlelover 3 месяца назад
When Prince William ascends to the British throne, the UK will return to a Jacobite kingdom via Princess Diana's distant Stuart bloodline. Go Scotland! No need to argue some obscure point with me. My family left in 1745 when we were dispossessed. As founding US citizens, we will support William as a Jacobite dream come true. Thank you.
@Chuck0856
@Chuck0856 25 дней назад
No, the Jacobites were Catholic pretenders William is nothing of the sort.
@paulathepoodlelover
@paulathepoodlelover 25 дней назад
@@Chuck0856 Yes but WE are still Catholic, and proud citizens rather than mere subjects. 'Thank God Almighty We Are Free At Last.' ~Mlk Jr While William may not be perfect, he's much preferred over the other lines. We have the Queen Mother Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon to thank for her infusion of Scottish heritage, along with Queen Elizabeth II for her love of the Highlands. Their religious ancestors were more Trumpian than I would like but ... if I were Queen, there'd be some changes made.
@lfgifu296
@lfgifu296 6 месяцев назад
12:41 omg teen Lindsay😭😭
@FranceDuseberg-yo8ej
@FranceDuseberg-yo8ej 2 месяца назад
Excellent programme.
@user-lt8vw4fe4w
@user-lt8vw4fe4w 3 месяца назад
The European royalties came from German tribal chiefs. So iit is no surprise that they were mostly Saxons and Franks.
@StateofBeingness
@StateofBeingness 4 месяца назад
In your analysis, you should not distinguish between Austrian and German… Until 1871, Austria was part of the German empire. So it’s would be similar to saying that a person is 25% American and 25% Texan (in other words they are really 50% American).. Likewise 25% German +25% Austrian is essentially 50% German. This is why, in discussion of classical composers, Austrian and German composers are categorized as Germanic or Austro-Germanic.
@davidringmann3395
@davidringmann3395 6 месяцев назад
Maria Amalia of Saxony wasn't Polish her mother was austrian her father german.
@frankhooper7871
@frankhooper7871 6 месяцев назад
Actually, you're not exploring their DNA at all; you're exploring their apparent ancestry.
@henningbartels6245
@henningbartels6245 4 месяца назад
exactly. It is still interestion , because it could be different to the House in their name suggest.
@Deveriell
@Deveriell 3 месяца назад
House of Bernadotte reigning is Sweden is French.
@Mandarava100
@Mandarava100 4 месяца назад
She said Elizabeth was the first member of the royals who had British blood ? There’s no such thing. The term British is a political designation only. She was evidently half Scottish and half English. No DNA study would say a person has “British “ blood.
@stephaniex90
@stephaniex90 6 месяцев назад
You made my day! Thank you so much!
@marbles9176
@marbles9176 6 месяцев назад
The way Germany printed out princess brides like it was fun😂
@ayliea3974
@ayliea3974 3 месяца назад
My Suomalinen sister ! ❤️ All of my grandparents are from Finland! Be humbley grateful. Our ancestors sacrificed a lot for us to be acknowledged by the rest of the world. Visit Finland. Become acquainted with our heritage. It is your blessing.
@vitorhugoarriel369
@vitorhugoarriel369 6 месяцев назад
as a brazilian I LOVE to watch videos of Queen Silvia speaking portuguese she is so chic and smart
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Who is queen Silvia?
@patriciaboyd2681
@patriciaboyd2681 3 месяца назад
Queen of Sweden 🇸🇪
@hellkris
@hellkris 5 месяцев назад
Great video, thanks! It's a lot of fun to look at History from different angles. There is a caveat with the Spanish Borbon Dynasty blood proportions. It's believed that King Consort Francisco de Asis was not the father of any of Queen Isabel II's children, since he had a congenital disease and also was famously homosexual. The most likely father of Alfonso XII seems to be a military aristocrat from Valencia, Captain of the Guard and Queen's lover at the time, Enrique Puigmoltó. I'd say that would result of an extra percentage of Spanish blood to current Heir, Princess Leonor. It's mentioned in Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain
@nehv78sm63
@nehv78sm63 3 месяца назад
Omg I'm a Filipino avid viewer of your channel from my old account on my old phone. Your channel just shocked me queen of Spain is 12.5 first time I saw her she reminds me of old celebrity here in the Philippines who's a Spanish descendant from the south of the Philippines.
@jake-qn3tl
@jake-qn3tl 3 месяца назад
Do you have any Spanish ancestry?
@henningbartels6245
@henningbartels6245 4 месяца назад
I understand this video is meant more for entertainment than for science, one has to point out there is no "German DNA" and popular DNA test kits would cluster Germany, Netherlands and Austria as one heritage regions because DNA markers are fairly the same.
@olgahein4384
@olgahein4384 4 месяца назад
True, for several millenias there was a LOT of migration going on in Europe and todays Germany was in the center of it all.
@rcambida
@rcambida 6 месяцев назад
I’m so happy that Queen Letizia of Spain’s Filipino roots were recognized. During that time, Spaniards born in the Philippines were called “Filipinos”. Kudos again to a wonderful video.
@ashley_ncd
@ashley_ncd 6 месяцев назад
I was shocked when queen letizia is a half Filipino i thought she is pure blood spanish
@Lacteagalaxia
@Lacteagalaxia 6 месяцев назад
@@ashley_ncd Phillipnes is a Spanish colony more Spaniards living in this time in Phillipines and they Spaniards married each other .
@MarieFirst
@MarieFirst 5 месяцев назад
@@Lacteagalaxia So she is in reality spanish and not filipino. Her spanish ancestors only lived in the Philippines
@laikacons
@laikacons 5 месяцев назад
That’s true! Society can learn a thing or two from Filipinos when it comes to reclaiming their roots
@Mar-wc4th
@Mar-wc4th 3 месяца назад
Filipinas?😂
@nureke-dp1nw
@nureke-dp1nw 4 месяца назад
That’s because between the second half of the 17th century and the beginning of the 20th century the main power in the world was the German dynasties originated predominantly from the Holy Roman Empire. Before them the main power was the Turkic (also referred as Tatar, Mongol, Moghul, Cuman) dynasties of Asia (which ruled in modern-day China, India, Pakistan, Russia, the Eastern half of Europe, the North Africa, the Central Asia, and the whole Middle East, including Arab countries, Iran, and Turkey). And nowadays from the 1910s the main power is the Jewish financial dynasties of the USA, Europe, and the Middle East.
@Dan-xx5jq
@Dan-xx5jq 4 месяца назад
William also has some Indian blood from his mother's side, Diana. She had an ancestor that was stationed in India and married an Indian woman and moved to England.
@cristiangradea7875
@cristiangradea7875 5 месяцев назад
Hello Lindsay! Could you make a video about the heritage of the former monarchies?
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Yes, please.
@maggy_w9961
@maggy_w9961 6 месяцев назад
Maria Amalia of Saxony was not Polish at all. Her father was German. Saxony is in Germany. Her Father Augustus the 3rd of Poland was the German elector of Saxony which was part of the Holy Roman Empire kicked out the actual ethnically Polish king Stanislaw to become King of Poland. Poland had an elected monarchy not a hereditary one so Augustus was elected but he was not Polish
@miquela.morales4848
@miquela.morales4848 6 месяцев назад
Hello, Lindsay! Greetings from Spain. Let me share some information about the Spanish heritage that has not been considered. Queen Isabella II was forced to marry her cousin Prince Francis of Asis because of political reasons. Her new husband was homosexual and the queen had a lot of lovers during her life. The Duke of Cadiz always recognized Isabella's children as his own in exchange for financial compensation. The child who was to become Alfonso XII was more than likely the result of Isabel's relationship with her young lover, the Valencian engineering officer Enrique Puigmoltó. Therefore, King Alfonso XII was 50% Spanish and this fact totally affects the heritage of his descendants.
@anastasianikolaevnaromanoff
@anastasianikolaevnaromanoff 5 месяцев назад
So Felipe VI is not a Borbon, but Puigmolto 😂
@ruthy5895
@ruthy5895 5 месяцев назад
@@anastasianikolaevnaromanoffSigue siendo Borbón porque la que estaba en el trono era su madre Isabel por lo que la línea de sucesión sigue sin importar el padre.
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Love Henry Louis Gates finding your roots, this should be studied by his program
@briewilliams7912
@briewilliams7912 5 месяцев назад
Can you do a video about the royalty from the royal diaries book series?
@neca_diskrecija
@neca_diskrecija 5 месяцев назад
It would be interesting to see other Royal Houses in Europe - i.e Karageorgevich from Serbia, as their house originated from Serbia. On the other hand - the most of the future monarchs in Europe will actually be from their respective kingdom
@thedorkone1516
@thedorkone1516 6 месяцев назад
My main takeaway here is that the German states main export pre WW1 was Consorts.
@tjs114
@tjs114 4 месяца назад
Or, that there were so many German States that they could supply a plethora of daughters to choose from. Really want to watch people go wibbly? Try looking at all of the little quasi-royal families that India has had over the centuries.
@jackyex
@jackyex 5 месяцев назад
Silvia of Sweden also has distant indigenous brazilian ancestry, with one of her ancestors beign Tibiriça, a great leader of the Tupiniquim tribe that allied with the Jesuits and helped settle southeastern Brazil.
@shonyajones5561
@shonyajones5561 5 месяцев назад
"Also" i would love for you to do a video on the United Arab eu royal family, and what if they share relationship with the British royals.
@sugarsauce2435
@sugarsauce2435 4 месяца назад
It also makes more sense why militaries of the world all seem to have the same or VERY similar looks and why their medals and regalia look the same.
@Celisar1
@Celisar1 4 месяца назад
I would assume that Austrians and Germans are genetically pretty much the same.
@schwarzer0se463
@schwarzer0se463 3 месяца назад
Austrians are part of the Germans
@Yathome00
@Yathome00 3 месяца назад
All that intertwined blood is a good reason to find non-royal nor aristocratic blood to marry into. Every single major European heir to thrones have married commoners to mix the bloodlines. British Monarchy as well.
@costernocht
@costernocht 4 месяца назад
Fascinating - thank you. But isn't Zorreguieta a Basque name?
@TheLiebde
@TheLiebde 3 месяца назад
Yes, Queen Máxima has basque ancestors.
@aldofromsf
@aldofromsf 4 месяца назад
Queen Letiza of Spain has zero filipino blood. Letizia's "filipino" ancestor was born in the Philippines from two Spanish parents. Full stop.
@sarajanesmith3892
@sarajanesmith3892 6 месяцев назад
Gave my Dutch mother a DNA test and she was 46% German!
@henningbartels6245
@henningbartels6245 4 месяца назад
Can DNA test actually distinguish between Dutch and German?
@emo122009
@emo122009 4 месяца назад
​@@henningbartels6245we are all Germanic (German and Dutch etc.) people, so no, I would say.
@henningbartels6245
@henningbartels6245 4 месяца назад
@@emo122009 "Germanic" is an term for language and culture ... so theorethically could be part of the same language family but still have a variation in their DNA marker mix. Extreme example are people speaking a Turk language: which could East Asian from the far east of Siberia to people on the Bosporus whos DNA are very similar to the Greeks. Anyhow, Dutch and German people are living so close together with fluent boundaries and actually a dispinct separation not starting before the 1700's - that makes it very hard for these tests to differenciate. So, my question was more of a rhetoric nature.
@emo122009
@emo122009 4 месяца назад
@@henningbartels6245 clear and agree. It is said that Dutch/ German/ Frisian are from Caucasian DNA. Dated bac from the large migration from East to West.
@henningbartels6245
@henningbartels6245 4 месяца назад
@@emo122009 Actually, researcher say that every European is a mix of three major migration waves between 40,000 and 2,000 years BC. Certain ratios and markers might be typical for certain region. The time that Dutch German or Frisian as ethnicities developed is in comparison relative short to tell much differences in this DNA mix.
@RaymondHng
@RaymondHng 3 месяца назад
23:43 *Correction:* Elizabeth II and Phillip are second cousins _once removed_ through Christian IX and third cousins through Victoria. Christian IX is Phillip's great grandfather and 2X great grandfather of Elizabeth II.
@robjus1601
@robjus1601 5 месяцев назад
Thank you. Your video was great. Very informative. What sources did you use for your research? I would love to do something like this for my family that includes the following Houses: Federici, Maffei, Guardi, Thun, Caldes and many more.
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
I don't understand all of these names??
@74Spirit1
@74Spirit1 4 месяца назад
The alliance between Victoria and Albert strengthened the German ties. Great Britain is German from the first King George.
@loisen
@loisen 4 месяца назад
With Princess Catherine the royals will get some English ties back.
@wulfsorenson8859
@wulfsorenson8859 4 месяца назад
@@loisenshe’s a Jew. Carole Goldsmith is of Jewish descent 😅
@TheLiebde
@TheLiebde 3 месяца назад
​@@wulfsorenson8859 boooooom!!!!🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 ***England leaves the chat***
@pussbeaver1218
@pussbeaver1218 4 месяца назад
I think Germanic would be a better term,, since Germany wasn't a thing early before and during the HRE.
@pussbeaver1218
@pussbeaver1218 2 месяца назад
@AaronSchlumberger germanic doesn't mean any nationality. Just a stock of originating (historically speaking) in northern Germany and Denmark. It's a people's group that share similar culture and values. (Historical). Also america??? Maybe when it was the 13 colonies but not nowadays. America is too diverse but also all the countries you just mentioned
@willem1642
@willem1642 3 месяца назад
Thanks, very interesting.
@MacTad216
@MacTad216 5 месяцев назад
Hi! I enjoy your videos. Thank you for producing them. You used a color photograph of what looks like a gathering of European royal families in your monarch DNA videos. Who is the Black gentleman I saw standing on the left? I know that one of the sons of either the monarch of Luxembourg or Lichtenstein married a Black woman. Did the guy in the photo have anything to do with her?
@Seirapink
@Seirapink 6 месяцев назад
Hello Lindsay, i have a request. Can you please explain The war of the Roses in your next video. As an Indian, English is not my mother tongue and i have hard time listening to other RU-vidrs Your English is easy to understand and i love your voice I would be so happy if you accept my request ♥️
@voxveritas333
@voxveritas333 5 месяцев назад
Even us native speakers have a hard time making sense of that messy history!
@user-om8mz3ey6k
@user-om8mz3ey6k 4 месяца назад
Your written English is excellent.
@mgeez6147
@mgeez6147 4 месяца назад
Yes, the war between the roses? Orange? Where does Orange come into play??
@tjs114
@tjs114 4 месяца назад
War of the Roses in a nutshell: A weak King Henry VI of house Lancaster married an ambitious wife, Margaret of Anjou. As Henry lost more and more ground to the French (he was, at least on paper, King of France through Charles VI), courtly politics turned toward Henry's cousin Richard, Duke of York as a better choice to rule. The civil war between houses Lancaster and York for right to rule ended after 32 years and the end of house Lancaster in the male line in 1471 and the house of York in the male line in 1485. House Tudor became the leader of the Lancaster remnants because Henry VII (Tudor) being a descendant of King Edward III (Plantagenet) and the son of a half-brother of King Henry VI (Lancaster). Henry VII (Tudor) married Elizabeth of York and essentially merged the Lancaster and York claims to the throne under the new Royal House of Tudor. The reason it was called the War of the Roses is because both house Lancaster and York used a Rose as a heraldic badge. York used a White Rose while Lancaster a Red. At the ascension of House Tudor, they used a red and white rose to signify the merging of the two claims.
@tjs114
@tjs114 4 месяца назад
@@mgeez6147 William and Mary of Orange were about 200 years later. William III, Prince of Orange was the son of William II, Prince of Orange and Mary, Princess Royal, the daughter of King Charles I of England/Scotland/Wales. King James II of England and VII of Scotland was a Catholic, and tried to rule as a Catholic King in a country that had mostly converted to Protestant faith. He was a bit bloodthirsty and was literally 'tossed' from the throne which was offered to William & Mary of Orange since they were the nephew and daughter of James II, but both raised in Protestant faiths (Mary Anglican). Just to make things even more confusing, William III's mother Mary was the sister of Charles II and James II. Then he married another Mary, this one the daughter of James II. So yeah, first cousins. Then just to make it even more baffling, William & Mary of Orange had no children to succeed them so Anne, daughter of James II and sister to Mary of Orange inherited the throne. Anne was the last monarch of House Stuart, as she had no issue. Through the convoluted 'no Catholics allowed' rules of Succession, George I of Hanover, inherited the throne being the senior Protestant descendant of James I. George got to deal with the Jacobite rebellion, which tried to put the Catholic song of James II on the throne.
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