Surge Protection Device Malayalam || Spd || how to install a spd || youtube || unnistechvlog 

Surge Protection Device Malayalam || Spd || how to install a spd || youtube || unnistechvlog
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Surge protective device types | type 1,type 2,type 3,type 4
This page mentions different Surge protective device types viz. type 1 surge protector, type 2, type 3 and type 4 surge protector. It mentions Surge protective device types viz. GDT (Gas Discharge Tube), TSPD (Thyristor Surge Protection Devices), TVS(Transient Voltage Suppressor), MOV(Metal Oxide Varistor), PESD (Polymer device) etc. and difference between them.
What are surge protective devices?
Introduction:
• The devices used to prevent damage to electronic or electrial equipments from voltage spikes or transients are known as surge protector or surge suppressor.
• It is inserted in AC utility line and/or telephone line.
• It is also called transient suppressor.
• Surge protectors provide protection by dissipating any excess power and preventing it to reach connected equipments/devices. Electronic equipments such as desktop, laptop or hard drive are designed to operate with certain power range. If too much voltage is passed to them, they will get permanent damage.
• It assists protection of equipments against transients originating from lightning and from other switching sources.
The figure-1 depicts surge protective device in the network. As shown the device is connected in parallel on the power supply circuit of the loads which has to be protected. It diverts current waves to the earth and hence limit the amplitude of the overvoltage to a value which is not hazardous for electrical installation.
Type 1 Surge protector device (SPD)
• This SPD device is mounted on line side of main service entrance.
• Type-1 SPD is characterized by a 10/350 µs current wave and used for outdoor applications.
It protects against external power surges which are caused by lightning or due to utility capacitor bank switching. It is considered to be first line of defense of your home or office.
• Built-in alarm systems indicate when device needs to be replaced based on its life cycle. It is also known as secondary surge arrester.
Type 2 Surge protector device (SPD)
• This SPD device is mounted on load side of main service entrance.
• Type-2 SPD is characterized by an 8/20 µs current wave.
• It is used to protect branch circuit or service entrance against residual lightning energy, surges due to motor and other surges.
• Its main function is to limit transient voltage and protects sensitive electronics and Mp/Mc based boards.
• It is used for commercial and industrial applications.
Type 3 Surge protector device (SPD)
• Type-3 SPD is characterized by a combination of voltage waves (1.2/50 µs) and current waves (8/20 µs).
• Its main function is to limit low level surges which can damage sensitive electronic circuits in TVs, PCs and electric appliances.
• It is considered to be last line defense in surge protective network.
• It is known as power strips.
Type 4 Surge protector device (SPD)
• It is known as surge protection module.
• It provides protection to servo motors, PLCs and other devices used in industrial applications.
• This surge protector device provides wired in surge protection.
Surge protective device types
Following are over voltage protection devices. Let us understand construction and functions of these surge protective device types.
Thyristors: They are crowbar devices used as surge protective devices. They are based on pair of intertwined bipolar transistors created by four layer stack of n and p doped silicon regions.
Transient voltage suppressors:They are based on avalanche diodes and zener diodes. Diodes are made of semiconductors usually silicon, at a junction between n and p doped regions. TVS devices provide protection with combination of forward bias and reverse bias breakdown conduction.
MOV (Metal Oxide varistor) : Varistors are usually made of ceramic of zinc oxide grains in a matrix of other oxides. The grains form diodes with surrounding matrix, creating a complex array of parallel and anti-parallel diodes. At higher voltages, the individual diodes begin to conduct and the resistance of the varistor drops dramatically.
Polymer ESD devices: Polymer devices are bidirectional crowbar devices. They have very high turn on voltages, often over 200 Volts, but they turn on quickly which limits exposure to high voltage. Polymer ESD devices consist of a polymer embedded with conducting particles.
Gas Discharge Tubes: They are usually formed with ceramic body filled with gas mixture containing neon and argon and two or more electrodes. When voltage across the electrodes exceeds a specified value an arc occurs within the tube which provides low current path.