10:16 The Malagasy pronunciation is very accurate. I'm particularly impressed by how he nailed "efatra" with the stress on the penultimate syllable and muted last syllable. That's how native Malagasy pronounce it.
@Isfia o le mafaufau The indigenous Taiwanese are not Chinese. No one is claiming that Austronesians are Chinese. Before Chinese came and took Taiwan, there were native, indigenous Austronesians on the island. Similar to how Americans took the land of the Native Americans, the Chinese took the land of the Austronesians. Make sense?
@@nnavasca I advice you either define what “Chinese” is or just use the term “Han” if we’re talking about the “Chinese” or the culture that occupies China today. Austronesians were the original speakers of South China, being displaced by the Han expansion.
0:00 Introduction 5:02 The spread of Polynesian languages 8:35 The various branches 9:33 Numbers 1-10 compared 10:27 Indonesian-Malay grammar 13:58 Other facts about Indonesian-Malay 15:44 The Tagalog language and Austronesian word order 16:35 Philippine/Austronesian voice system 19:53 Malagasy - the Austronesian language of Madagascar 21:08 Samoan 22:22 Guess the language game 23:19 The Austronesian languages of the Andaman Sea QUESTIONS 25:04 Q1. Possible Austronesian substrate in Japanese. 26:08 Q2. What is the difference between Tagalog and Filipino? 26:40 Q3. Is Malay related to Thai? 27:38 Q4. How mutually intelligible are the Austronesian languages? 28:07 Q5. Is Austronesian related to Papua New Guinea's languages? 28:35 Q6. Compare the outside influences on Malay and Indonesian. 29:10 Q7. The writing systems. 29:47 Q8. Is it typical for Austronesian languages to be mostly vowel sounds? 31:35 Q9. Do the Austronesian languages still survive on their Taiwan homeland?
Some words of the NORTHWESTERN LUZON INHABITANTS ( ILOCANO TRIBE ) have same words as with Indonesians. Example: Philippines ( Ilocano Tribe) Indonesia Surat ( Letter ) ……..……. Surat Bulan ( Moon ) ……………. Bulan Udang ( Shrimp ) …………. Udang Anak ( Son/Daughter)…. Anak Dua ( Two ) ……………… Dua ….. …and many more words.
I hope this would also be considered for education in the Philippines. I was growing up learning in Filipino books that Filipinos came from Indonesia and Malaysia, not from Taiwan
They say there were also backwards or backflows of migration,not just one way flow and these take centuries,so one could say we came,some of us,from Malaysia, Indonesia...
@@StalkedByLosers Its still incorrect history that is being taught. There might have been a backward migration but the vast majority were from Taiwan before moving into the malay archipelago
Hi Brian, I am a member of an indigenous tribe in northern Phil. As children, we were taught one song that we used to sing as kids, but the words of this song , nobody knows what the words mean. Even the elders had no idea where this song came from or what they meant, just that they also were taught. Wonder if you might shed some light on this. I could write it and send it to you. Juliet
a wonderful brief introduction to this massive body of languages. Its not easy to summarise thousand of languages into 20 sumthing mins of talk. Just a lil, yet important, note tho. At 14:15 , the Dutch didnt "give independence" or "allow Indonesia to be free" in any kind of thinkable form. We fought, and then negotiate. Then, fought again to negotiate a better term, again for 5 long ardous years that cost us hundreds of thousand of lives.
Thank you for this awesome video. I speak Chamoru, Spanish, and had learned to read, write, speak Samoan. Words like Mata= Eyes; Counting is so close=tasi, lua, tolu, fa, etc; Chamoru for fire is Gwafi= fire. "fi"=fire. I look forward to more videos. Again thank you. Blessings.
I dont know if its only me or anything.. but i realized that the cognate of "Ola / Ora" in polynesian languages might not be the javanese "ora" or the malay "ada". I actually learned a bit of hawaiian on youtube and there is this dialogue example video showing how hawaiians shout "Ola !" after someone sneezes. Here, in Indonesia (at least in my region), ppl do the same thing ! they shout "Waras !" after someone sneezes. "Waras" means "Healthy / mentally healthy" in malay and javanese which has the same meaning with "Ola" or "Ora". and I think it is also the cognates of the word "Horas !" which is a greeting in Batak language that also means "Health / life / Healthy". "Ora" is also used in the Maori greeting "Kia ora" and Tahitian (if im not mistaken) "Ia orana". These are just my thoughts tho could be right could be wrong :D
@@MegaRanjee i think the malagasy "orana" is cognate with "hujan" in malay, and "ujan" in betawi (my mother tongue). Because i heard that the "o" in malagasy is pronounced "u" and the "-na" at the end is almost silent right?
Kuto (lice) in Visayan Language ( Visayas Islands in the Philippines). In Philippine Cebuano, they say, Dalan (Jalan in Malay), Daan in Tagalog. Mata, for eyes. Payong (Umbrella) in Filipino, Guro (teacher) in Tagalog. Etc. & lots more.
I am very surprised to hear Pak Brian suggest that the word, 'mata hari' (sun) in Indonesian means, 'the eye of the day'. It is this example of Indonesian that is cited by many people to suggest that the language is 'child-like' in its' construction - nothing could be further from the truth. 'mata' is the essence of things, the thing that is crucial for a concept. e.g. 'mata pisau' is the blade of a knife, 'mata tangga' are the rungs of a ladder, 'mata' does also mean 'eye' (for obvious reasons), 'mata wang' is the currency of money and so on where there are too many examples to mention (have a look in a good dictionary). I would think therefore that the 'mata' of the day (hari) is the sun. I'd be interested to hear other opinions.
I'm a puyuma person from Taiwan(population: about14000), but I don't speak puyuma language(one of Formosan language), just like what he said, it's almost only elders speaking it. I came to this video in search for similar languages, so I can see the grammar similarities, so I may learn my own language faster because the grammar rule in the existing studies of our language is so counterintuitive and complex for a beginner, and resource is scarce. We are basically writing our own grammar book along the way of learning it. then I saw that we are one individual branch in the Austronesian language family tree, I was like.... "damn". but I'll keep trying.
but the part where the words changes depend on what we want to emphasize and that pronoun fuse with the verb depend on what we want to emphasize is similar to us, so hey, maybe I should look into Tagalog grammar first and see what I can find. it's so complicated and so different
@@Fadilanse Tagalog language has a very complex grammatical system, wherein the root words will have several forms depending on the context of the sentence.... Let's take for example the root word "KAIN"(eat)... Kumain = ate Kumakain = eating Kakakain = recently ate Kakain = will eat Kinain = has eaten or has been eaten Kinakain = being eaten Kakainin = will be eaten Kainin = be eaten Etc....... take note....the meaning of all of those different forms of the example word "KAIN" will change depending on the context of grammar, emphasis or focus...
@@rjee007 yeah, my first language is Mandarins, second language English, none of them have focus system like us, puyuma language has that as well, our root word for eat is ekan mekan =ate There is still a whole list of variation based on focus and tenses yet to be systematically documented
Chamoru: 1. håcha 2. hugua 3. tulu 4. fåtfat 5. lima 6. gunom 7. fiti 8. guålo' 9. sigua 10. månot proa = boat/canoe mata = area around the eyes/face matua = high ranking male of the clan/highest caste chalan = road/street/path hånao = go humånao = went humahanåo = going Chamorro language typically uses VOS. We use duplications, but not to pluralize.
here in pangasinan, we use the term "wala" to mean "to have." quite funny for the tagalogs when they hear the word because the tagalog "wala" means nothing. but these words have different pronunciations. the tagalog "wala" has a glottal stop in /la/, the pangasinense "wala" does not have. :-)
In Cebuano, the one with the glottal stop (walâ) is the same with Tagalog meaning "none". The one without the glottal stop (walá) means "left" or "kaliwa" in Tagalog.
In Waray (Philippine Dialect) "may ada" means "you have something. there is" and "na wara or waray" means "lost. have nothing". Look at the similarity 😁
I'm Ilonggo from Iloilo City, Panay Philippines. I think we have more similarities with the Polynesian and Borneo language. There's also similarities in Taiwan, China and Korea. The only problem is we were not taught how to read the writings of East Asian Countries. Anak=Tagalog Bata=Anak= Visayas Ate=Older sister Ache=Sister in Taiwan/China We also have Hiligaynon inside the Ilonggo dialect. It's closely related to Tonga dialect. I always dream to have a nice house boat when I was growing up maybe because we're surrounded with water. Thanks for sharing your knowledge to us.
Ate or achie and most of our honorific titles came from Chinese. Its a borrowed word not an Austronesian language. It should not surprise you with how important China was in our ancient period. Before the Europeans came. My province of Pangasinan is heavily influenced by the Chinese and Japanese.
Mas Kapanipaniwala po itong theory na ito.. Na ang Austronesian Language originally came from Southern Coast of Mainland China or/to Taiwan than from the Malay group of islands..
tanda ko dati ito ang turo sa school, pero ngayon mas kinikilala ang theory na mula ang Austronesians sa Taiwan. ang galing sa Malay archipelago kung di ako nagkakamali ay ang mga low landers sa Pilipinas. ang mga highlanders kagaya ng mga Igorot ay mas related sa Taiwanese aborigines kesa sa mga low landers.
They're honestly not nearly as bad as the ones in Latin/Russian etc. because we don't have genders and the same forms apply in singular and plural, so the system is actually much simpler than in the Indo-European languages.
@@deltahunter2302 I'm Javanese. Javanese i think mix by many places. Original old javanese (Gunung Padang oldest than Egypt Pyramid), stone culture. Then mix with Austronesia and Yunan (metal culture). Then about 10th century mix Gujarat (south India) and Champa (Cambodia) with Hindu-Buddha culture and empires.
@@deltahunter2302 do you mean Tai Kadai language family? in term of genetic yes Javanese were related with Tai Kadai native speaker like native Laos and Thais people.. also have same genetic roots with Austroasiatic speaking people like Mon-Khmer/Cambodia and Viet people (before Sinitized).. btw many Tai Kadai words also related with Austronesian words or at least came from the same roots.. since Austronesian people who were living in Formosa came from mainland coast.. and formerly migrated from Yunan land.. the original land of Dai people which is the former Tai Kadai speaking people
one of the DNA of the Japanese comes from Taiwan(Formosa) Hunters and gatherers who lived there thousands of years ago and left northward to Kyushu Japan. The Japanese language has words like and similar to people who lived there There were at least 11 different groups living there. The Japanese are called "Jomon." Later, the Jomons merged with humans who lived near Lake Baikal, Siberia who left southward into the Korean Peninsula and some went to Kyushu Japan and merged with the Jomon. The later is called Yayoi.I am a Nisei whose DNA is 50/50 % of each. F
That ora might be Iral in Tagalog meaning existence.the ethnic Dumaget has Eral with same meaning . Our existence- pag iral natin( Tagalog) , Pag eral ne ketam( Dumaget).
This is super interesting. Iam a Torajanese and the word for disappear in Torajan language is ta'de. I am sure it comes from that ancient waDa word too.
I come from the Negros Island in the Philippines which speaks Ilonggo. We count: 1- isa, 2- duha, 3-tatlo, 4- apat- 5- lima, 6- anom, 7- pito, 8-walo, 9- siyam- 10- pulo. Visayan languages (Ilonggo, Cebuano, and Waray) use words similar to Indonesia and Malaysia.
It is wonderful information Sir. Thank you so much. We all should be a big family in real term....helping each others (not making enemies) apart from different believes. I am from Indonesia with mixed ancestors from Sundanese, Javanese and Bugis (South Sulawesi).
Oh my god! at this part of the video 24:02 , I thought it was Kapampangan language of the northern Philippines, but to my surprised it was in fact one of the languages that is found in Thailand....
Same here I thought it was spoken in indonesia or malaysia at first bcs it's actually mutually inteligible with indonesian especially when written. Nasi ini tet nyaman (urak lawoi) - Nasi ini tidak enak (indonesian) *nyaman means comfortable in indonesian lol Prahu ku brai' (urak lawoi) - perahu ku berat (indonesian) Kau kala pi kedai u' arak ? (Urak lawoi) - kapan kamu pergi ke kedai minum arak? (Indonesian) Ma' bri ku surai' (urak lawoi) - Mama memberi ku buku (indonesian) *surai' cognates with surat but in indonesian it means "letter" Nya pemani nanak (urak lawoi) - Dia memandikan anak (indonesian)
@@randomguy1576 I don't speak the kapangpangan language of northern Philippines but I know that Nasi means Rice and Nyaman or Manyaman means Delicious or good... Prahu is similar to Filipino word Paraw which means boat... Brai in filipino is bigat Laut in filipino is Dagat(sea) while the Filipino word Laot means mid-ocean or high seas.... Arak in Filipino is Alak...
Man, very similar to Philippines. I am telling you now if I will research the old Filipino words I will see all of this words. How striking the similarities in words.
Please search ilocano, capampangan, visaya and other languages in the Philippines. They are all austronesian languages.I’m tagalog but can speak fluent in capampangan and ilocano. There are more austronesian words in them.
The funny thing is 'ora' in javanese language do originate from 'ada' which meaning is 'exist' but now it has meaning as simply 'not' in javanese language
I’m Tagaloa Samoan in origins so therefore I’m a Tagaloa in origins who’s originated from Samoa as everybody else’s in Polynesia. The Polynesian race. Or the Tagaloa people. And the reason why “We” used to honor him as our God until the arrival of the Europeans and Christianity. And by the way “Tagaloa was and still is the greatest navigators of all time.
Waras (javanese, indonesian, malay) --> Horas (Batak) --> Ora (Maori, tahitian) --> Ola (Hawaiian). They all have the same meaning ! :D and in my region here, when ppl sneeze we shout "Waras". I watched a video about hawaiian language and they do the same thing when ppl sneeze. They shout "Ola!"
@@randomguy1576 same here! my parents always told me to shout "Horas!" everytime i sneeze. At first, i realy find it weird to say greetings after you sneeze, but now somehow it became a "must do" for me to shout "Horas" after i sneezed 🤣🤣
“Kutu” is also the Ilocano term for louse/lice. “Lallay” to sing a song and dance/swing from side to side, i.e, as in putting babies to sleep. “Dalan” for road. Our word for liquor is “arak”.
Renember the land of Havillah is surrounded by the Pison river. Tagalog = taga: from ilog: river so tagalog means from the river or riverside people what river Pison River.
Thank you for sharing this video! I am eager about the connection between Acehnese and Cham language. Bcs I can't find any reliable source for Cham language
Indonesia, Gorontalo language - 1: o tuweu, 2: o duluwo, 3: o totolu, 4: o pato, 5: o limo, 6: o lomo, 7: o pitu, 8: o walu, 9: o tio, 10: o mopulu. Salam dari gorontalo, Indonesia. Ada satu negara yg termasuk rumpun Austronesia yaitu negara Suriname. Di sana mayoritas orang dan mereka menjadikan bahasa jawa sebagai bahasa nasional
I'm curious about the numbers.... in Tagalog they express numbers over ten as "labing isa" (eleven) literally meaning "one over ten", "labing dalawa" (twelve) literally "2 over ten". That's Tagalog, I'm not aware of how any number over ten is expressed in the other Filipino Languages as they're been taken over by Spanish. How would other Austronesian people express those numbers?
That would be highly dependant on external influences. Malay/Indonesian/Javanese are heavily influenced by Sanskrit, so their numbering follows the Indo-European pattern. However, Tontemboan, a language in Minahasa, Indonesia, is very similar to your example. Eleven in this language would be "sangawulu bo esa", note that "sangawulu" means ten and "esa" of course is one.
throw some CHamoru in your portfolio. ask me anything questions if u have. CHamoru yu na Taotao. (if you speak tagalog, you may understand this CHamoru sentence.)
He just started a RU-vid channel called Languages to Learn, where does plan to explore the austronesian family in some detail. Probably should drop by and suggest he does a bit about CHamoru.
I saw the boat brought by Indonesian group to Madagascar in north of Madagascar precisely which the name is salimanok something like this which is still there till now it's slightly similar for what you are talking in the video but difference is it's kind of very big boat but not small than you saw in the pictures.
SALIMANOK? this word is so familiar....in the Philippines, we have the word SARIMANOK which is a legendary or mythical bird...SARIMANOK is often used as an architectural decorative element in the houses or boats....
@@rjee007 Wow that is amazing unbelievable. So the question is which country came first to Madagascar is it Indonesia or Philippians cause if this name came from Phillipines then it might be some group from Philippines came to Madagascar too before or it might be just a name. What i remembered the people lived in the area which they show us the boat they said they hid it from people in remote area in my country to avoid any destruction or damage to the boat so it's only few people knew the existence of this one.
Some of the Indonesian tribes or ethnic group were originally from the Philippines...before the european colonization of southeast asia.. sea boarders between the Philippines and Indonesia were still undefined at that time, thats why different tribes or ethnicities can cross boarders without problem...
@@plouplou1136 I also notice that the counting numbers in madasgascar is quite similar to the Philippines... Example of the Philippine counting numbers: 1.Isa 2.dalawa 3.tatlo 4.apat 5.lima 6.anim 7.pito 8.walo 9.syam 10.sampu
Hi Steve boy. Try all over Queensland for a start. Look at the aboriginal place names and say them out loud. Then what does that name mean. Compare the overall sound and description to javanese or sriwijaya language. There are many matches.
Filipino is just the politically correct way to say Tagalog. When Tagalog was chosen as national language, Cebuano speakers were more numerous, but the Tagalog speaking Manila was more politically influential. So to make Tagalog more acceptable to the other ethnic groups, it was renamed Filipino. But there's really no difference and so most sensible people just call it what it is - Tagalog.🙄
Footangina this. Tangangot na Bisaya. Wikang Pilipino = Solusyon sa problema. Wikang Tagalog = Kalutasan sa suliranin. Hindi pa kasali dyan ang daan daang Tagalog dialect ng Norte, Central at Southern Tagalog. Iba iba pa yun, minsan kabilang baranggay may pinagkaiba sa baranggay nyo.
The reason it's called Filipino now is because it's fairly unrecognizable from _actual_ (original) Tagalog. I mean, not only does our language have a collection of words from various other local languages such as Ilocano and Cebuano (the main reason it's Filipino now, and not just Tagalog), but it's also filled with Western loanwords and such (especially from Spanish), and its' grammatical structure/rules may be a bit "alien" from old Tagalog (if it hasn't already borrowed a lot from Spanish). So, you're sort of correct to say that Filipino is "just the _Politically Correct™️_ name" for the language, because it's meant to be inclusive to all Filipinos on the country (the whole archipelago), and not exclusive to just the Tagalogs of Luzon island; it is the national language, hence "Filipino".
There are still differences. Filipino takes into account the letters and some pronunciation brought to by the colonizers. But it's at large and in practice; neglligible
Itawes--Northern Luzon Language 1. Isa 2. Dua/Duwa 3. Tallu 4. Appat 5. Lima 6. Annam 7. Pitu 8. Walu 9. Sham/Siyam 10. Mafulu 11... (No common equivalence, relies purely on Spanish Numerals as once, doce, trece, catorce...cien...mil...cien mil...milyon... bilyon...) *1-10 is also usually refered to using the Spanish Counting for counting by locals)
In Cebuano we have 1. usa 2. duha 3. tulo 4. upat 5. lima 6. unom 7. pito 8. walo 9. siyam 10. napulo 11. napulo ug usa/ napulo'g usa 20. kaduhaan 21. kaduhaan ug usa/ kaduhaa'g usa 30. katuloan/katloan 40. kaupatan/kap-atan 50. kalimaan/kalim-an 60. kaunoman/kan-uman 70. kapitoan 80. kawaloan 90. kasiyaman 100. usa ka gatus 1000. usa ka libo 10,000. usa ka laksa 100,000. napulo ka laksa 1,000,000. usa ka yukot 1,000,000,000. usa ka wakat
Yup. "ay" is an inversion marker. Used mostly in formal and poetic speech rather than casual, street conversations. It does evolve into an "e" during coversations: "Si Juan e, nadulas sa hagdan." (Juan slipped down the stairs.) 👍👍👍
Actually, bahasa Indonesia DOES have more Sanskrit loanwords compared to bahasa Malaysia. This is because BI borrows a lot from Javanese, which in turns is heavily influenced by Sanskrit. On top of that, Sanskrit is the go to language for BI for neologism. For example, "resort" is "sanggraloka" in BI but it's "kawasan peranginan" in BM (which makes sense for BI speakers but doesn't sound as nice). And yes, BM has more Arabic loanwords. Say "musykil" to an Indonesian and he/she wouldn't know the meaning but it's a very common word for BM speakers.
@@deltahunter2302 linguistically, Javanese is definitely an Austronesian language. Genetically, however, the Javanese are almost equal parts Austronesian and Austroasiatic, which means they are related to the Mon, the Khmer and the Vietnamese.
There's no so called bahasa Malaysia in fact it's bahasa Melayu because Malaysia is not a language or race it's a country and only exist when Sabah,Sarawak,Singapore and Malaya join together as a Federation of Malaysia .
The Pangasinan language is an agglutinative language. It belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian languages branch of the Austronesian language family and is the primary language of the province of Pangasinan, as well as northern Tarlac and southwestern La Union.
outrigger boat made this polynesia micronedia melanesia....so outrigger made the first voyage in the philippines.....taiwan to philippines via landbridge....
