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nasa employee: oh hey u guys are back early astronaut: sand in the gears nasa employee: what? astronaut: *grabbing a feather duster and getting back on the rocket-ship* sand in the gears.
Yeah that's exactly why I don't see this happening. It's one thing to have a presence on Mars by then, but why the hell would we have a million people there, if it's completely inhospitable? Unless terraforming is suddenly something we could accomplish at scale, there would be no reason to live there if you're not a scientist. I can't imagine we'll have more than 10,000 people there by 2100.
@UCyinonETN5zoMWjeA-VdQtg one would hope that by 2100 people will have realized how futile it is to have more than small research stations like they do in Antarctica. We don't need to terraform Mars if we can reform Earth. If we're fcking up our own planet the solution is not to go fck up the second most habitable planet.
There's no way there could be a million people on Mars by 2050. I'd say it would be literally impossible even at that time. People will probably have stepped on Mars by then but not a million lol..
L u c a s I like the ring of that. Imagine in a hundred years an isolated outpost decides the Earth is false and that their ancestors came to Mars from Deep Space.
@@rafaelalodio5116 Not really, you could just have two sets of clocks, one for the Mars day, which wouldn't be used outside of Mars, and another set of clocks designed to run keeping step with Earth's clocks.
I think divisibility by 3 was an important consideration for early time keeping: Dividing 10 by 3 has that nasty repeating decimal, but dividing 12 or 60 by 3 doesn't.
60 is 5 x 12 You count to 12 on one hand counting your finger knuckles with your thumb, count lots of 12 with the other hand. It actually becomes intuitive. Divide by 3 is one set of knuckles, divide by 4 is one finger.
I recently revealed the genders of my two girlfriends. It got a lot of hate and now has 30 times more dislikes than likes. I am really sad that people can be so mean. Sorry for using your comment to talk about my problems, dear pue
@@AxxLAfriku omg I watched your video and some other videos and a documentary about you and your channel. You are truly the most inspiring RU-vidr I have ever seen. Keep doing Satan's work!
Phobos and deimos align every 10 days, so that seems like a good way to define a week to me. There are 687 days in a Martian year, and if we divide that into 13 full months and one partial month, we get 50 days in a month or 5 weeks in a month. The remaining time would be used to make a 35 day martian holiday period. We could either have this all in one go or spread it out by adding 2 days to the end of each month and a 7 day break at the end of the year that could be adjusted in length to keep the whole calendar aligned. That's my suggestion anyway.
So, the reason we even have months is because of women. The more likely scenario is that we just divide it into 24 thirty day months of seven day weeks, with a dropped Saturday once every quarter. unless human gestation and menstruation cycles change. Just chiming in.
@@Nerukenshi1233 24 thirty-day months sound terrible 🤣 like yea, a year is gonna be long, but I rather have 50 day months... Could you imagine writing on your homework, "Month 23: Day 12: Year 2052" just sounds so depressing
3:43 A minor correction: The 23 hours and 57 minutes you give are the length of the sidereal day, meaning the rotation of the earth relative to the background of the stars. On the other hand, what we call a day, what we use for timekeeping and what you explained is the solar day: Since the earth revolves around the sun once a year, it has to rotate just a bit extra to make the sun appear in the same spot again - the solar day is is therefore a bit longer than the sidereal day (in fact the difference makes up a day per year, since the earth has to rotate once more to "compensate" the rotation around the sun). The solar day has an average length of pretty much exactly 24 hours, otherwise our solar noon would slowly drift each day. Otherwise a great video and thanks for your work!
I saw an idea for a Martian calendar that used 24 months and each month had 28 days except every 6th month had 27 days instead. The system uses 7 days a week like earth so each month is exactly 4 weeks (27 day months omit the last Saturday to keep things neat and structured). The system is also really nice because you can divide the year up into fourths which can make it easier to process since its so long. Leap years can also just turn the last 27 day month into a 28 day month which is very convenient too.
@@richardbagg8581 Are you saying that RU-vidrs have to be 100% saints? People make mistakes. And plus, he isn’t wrong about anything in the video, just a few mistakes.
"Out of all the planets in our Solar System, Mars is the one that appears to be the most habitable", says the man from the most inhabited planet in the Solar System.
i get your point, and its dumb, but you also made another dumb mistake. the most inhabited planet does not equal the most habitable planet, necessarily. you mean 'the most habitable planet,' not 'the most inhabited planet'
@@SwannDog correct, but I didn't say that either. Seeing as there are currently only 7 people in space, it is reasonable to assume that RLL is on Earth. Therefore, the statement 'mars is the most habitable planet in the solar system' is correct, as the person saying it is on Earth, which is obviously the most most habitable. It's obvious that Earth is the most habitable, because we live here, but the statement omits the 'other than earth' part which is implied.
"12 derived from the fact that there is 12 hours in day" - sure, sure. One thing - you can devide day in however many hours you like. Because hour is not natural concept. Soo...
The base 60 system was likely created by the Sumerians giving that we have four fingers with 3 segments on them. Using your thumb to count the segments and using your other hand to keep track of how many times you did it you arive at 60. 12 segments on all 4 fingers, multiply that by 4 again from your other hand and you get 60. The Sumerians were the very first city builders and had to come up with entirely new ways to manage large groups of people in dense urban environments. Thought that might be interesting.
Crazy that not only might I live to see human colonization of Mars, but what if I end up as one of those humans on Mars. Suddenly thoughts come rushing of me living with a family I've raised as a Martian housewife and we even have a cute little robot lol. This blew my mind!
There's two options here. Every planet (earth as well) has their own time management locally but once you get involved with off planet affairs you'll use a standardized galaxy time based on something with the sun. Or the same as option one but the standard galaxy time is actually Earths UTC. Logically option one would be the most scientific way, but humans like their home planet so out of nostalgia option two is very likely as well.
Your Terran bias is also shown in this comment. Terra/Earth is our cradle-world yes, but won't be everybodies home-world for much longer. If you are born on Mars, that is *your* homeworld, not Earth. Hopefully the general public acknowledges the difference between the 2 terms sooner rather than later. EDIT: Just noticed that your comment was posted a year ago, Sorry lol
@@Spacehamster1OO I see what you mean, and I guess Martians would create the same type of time keeping on Mars as we have on Earth. With their own different timezones and all. Its going to get really crazy once we colonize Venus or Mercury, they got some loooong days. I wonder what they would do :/
@@Spacehamster1OO While we might be able to take people to Mars, no ones going to be born there for a while because the reduced gravity will lead to birth defects. Although I am skeptical about our ability to effectively travel to planets outside our solar system, and even putting people on Mars will be very difficult at the moment, so I doubt we are going to need universal time for a while, because Earth time will be sufficient for our needs.
The ancient civilizations prob couldn’t even imagine that some day we would even be thinking about how time would work for people living on a different planet lmao.
Life becoming multi-planetary would be as big of a deal as life transitioning from ocean to land. So stay healthy. YOU might live to witness that gaint leap in evolution.
Did anyone else notice that, although "Martian" is generally spelled correctly, beginning at about 5:11, the non-word "Martion" appears several times! Poor proofreading....
@@Eidolon1andOnly I doubt the school day would be longer, we settled on school day lengths based on how long children can be expected to absorb information. So countries on earth would probably have their martian colonists work the same number of hours in school/work as their citizens on earth so everyone will probably just have 34 extra minutes for sleep/leisure/hobbies. The weird stuff comes in how school years get broken up. With years on Mars being *almost* 2 years on earth (687 earth days) a person would either be considered an adult at 9 or 10 Martian years (17.8 or 19.7 Earth years old) and standard education would start at 3 or 4 Martian years old (just under 6 or just under 8 Earth years) meaning there would be between 5 and 7 Martian years of basic education. A Bachelor's degree would take 2-3 years meaning most college grads would be 11-13 (Martian) years old.
For the purposes of intra-stellar colonization, wouldn't it just make more sense to use Earth years as the generic standard, with Martian years providing a secondary system predominantly used for crop growth and seasonal dictation? That is, of course, assuming that we are able to actually grow things on Mars outside of hydroponic systems with sufficient terraforming.
Mars time is completely useless. Nothing will grow on Mars surface for the foreseeable future (and I mean hundreds of years, we would need to reboot the magnetosphere - by reigniting the core of a planet - to hold a realistic atmosphere, before we could even begin seriously terraforming Mars). For hundreds of years, any humans on Mars will live completely underground to survive the surface radiation - no glass domes - just deep mines. All crops will be deep underground too. All lighting will be artificial, and will need to be on Earth circadian rhythms anyways. The purpose of measuring time is to coordinate with others - giving every rock a different system of time seems insane to me. We may as well give every person their own system of time: my minutes are different than your minutes.
the 60/12 system is derived from the ancient sumerian methodology for counting using the individual knuckles on our fingers. 4 fingers x 3 segments = 12; 4 fingers + 1 thumb on the other hand = 5x12=60
Absolutely Dr Mageshwari. The fundamentals were sort of lost on this video. There is a fundemental difference between the calendar and the clock. The calendar is generally reciprocated by astronomical events of the particular planet you happen to be on. ie. One day is one rotation of the planet, one year is one orbit around the sun, one month is generally one orbit of the satellite, which is only really relevant for tidal reasons. The clock however, is not reciprocal with any astronomic events whatsoever. So it is within reason, and possibility to universally change the clock to a daily division of 10 hours, divided up into 100 minutes, and 100 seconds. On a different planet, all of those measurements would be different only because the 10 hours refers to one day. However, there would be little matter to say that a Mars day is 15 hours, 37 minutes, and 24 seconds long, whereupon it returns to 00.00.00. intrinsically, it doesn't matter, because any human living on Mars would find it difficult to adjust to normal sleeping patterns anyway. Biologically, we sleep when it is dark, and are awake when it is light, over a 24 hour period. The Martian day would mess that up completely.
Pretty sure it comes from the Egyptians who realized that there are 12 bright stars (easily identifiable) that cross the horizon evenly throughout the night.... and since the day was the other half... they gave day/night both 12 hours for a total of 24.
@@t0bse No, he's correct. We just agreed that it's 12/24. The video does a very poor job at explaining it, it basically says a day is 12 hours because a day can be divided into 12 hours. That's no explanation
The reason they used 12 and 60 is that if you look at a finger on your hand your finger is divided into 3 parts, so if you count them up your 4 fingers by 3 parts of a finger (you don't count your thumb) then that counts up to 12. So when you reach 12 on your right hand then you raise one finger or thumb and that counts as 12, then you continue counting until you reach 24 and then you raise a second and so on until you reach your 4th Finger and your Thumb which is 5 x 12 which gives you 60. Hence the 12s, 24s, 60s etc. This counting system of time is over 5,000 years old and originated with the Sumerians and is the reason the days and years are divided into 12 hours or months.
As I understand it 12 and 60 were used as in ancient Mesopotamia they had the idea that a perfect year would be exactly 360 days. Which is why there's 360 degrees in a circle. 12 and 60 are just handy units that divide into that evenly.
“And I understand that math and physics can be incredibly overwhelm- Me: aight imma head out now Edit: Thank you so much I’ve never had this many likes on a comment before!!!
you got the defenition of a day wrong. earth day is 24 hours. the time it takes for earth to rotate once on it's own axis is 23hours and 56 minutes. because of earths movement around the sun, it needs to rotate a little bit more than a full rotation for the sun to be in the exact same spot. that rotation takes about 4 minutes making the entire day 24 hours
Just wanted to come down here and say that the "60" is a hold over from Sumerian/Babylonian system for tracking time. They used a base-60 system, in which you count each knuckle on each finger that isn't your thumb, and then use the fingers on your other hand to count up 5 times. 3 knucklesx4 fingers=12 (where we get the 12 from in time). Then 12x5 fingers on the other hand make 60.
"The base12 system coming from the fact that there are roughly 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness". Bro, hours are a man-made unit. That sentence is nonsense.
I'd have a hard time believing that many people will live on Mars by 2050, but I'd love to live long enough to see that. Keep me here tho, I'm an Earth baby born and raised
1:38, why 60 you ask? Heres why.... The ancient sumerians used a base 60 system to count, our fingers are divided into 3 parts and they would count each part using the thumb making (12 because 3 parts x 4 fingers) and then they would raise a finger on their left hand when done, and repeated this process until all 5 fingers were raised making, you guessed it, 60
Exactly, it would be weird for Martian students learning that years 1-40ish of world history involved no humans and just some rovers. Pretty sure most folks on Mars would just consider the establishment of the first permanent settlement as year 1 anyway.
Solution: Pull a Star Wars and make Earth the universal time scale (Coruscant has the exact time system as earth). Or, make both a Day and a Sol used. Day is for universal communication, Sol is for communication within world (unless you want to use day).
The 60 comes from the Sumerians. They used a sexagesimal-ish system and were responsible for a lot of advancements in astronomy (including time measurements) and geometry (why a circle has 360 degrees... 6 x 60).
I feel like you got sidereal and solar day confused. solar days are 24 hours. sidereal days are 23 h 57 min long, but that doesn't mean the sun will be overhead again.
solar day is the time between two succesive moments of the sun being at its maximum elevation. The sideral day is the same thing but with a very distant star. They are differents because the earth rotates around the sun, so it has to rotate a little bit more than a complete round to have the sun back at its maximum elevation.
The sexagesimal (base-60) system was developed by the Sumerians and is an extension of the duodecimal (base-12) system, which is convenient for counting on one hand - each finger has 3 bones, so the four fingers make 12. Every time 12 is reached, one finger of the other hand is held down, so the 4 fingers and thumb of the other hand make 60.
@@fiddley that's not an explanation. Again, you can't say "it's 12 because it's 12". The division-argument is obviously a valid one but he only made it for the number 60, not 12.
@@leadharsh0616 I don't think you got the point. The question was: Why the number 12. And the answer to that CAN'T be "because 12 is half of 24". That's not a proper argument.
Video: “Mars is the most similar habitablity to earth” Pluto, which like earth, has a nitrogen atmosphere and a large moon to stabilize its axial tilt: “if only I was warmer”
It would make a lot more sense to have a “midnight” passing period of 40ish minutes, as the early rovers did. You could then keep seconds, minutes and hours the same length as on earth. Imagine the logistical clusterfuck of literally any communication that requires precision when a “second” is an ambiguous measurement...
In Kim Stanley Robinson's _Mars trilogy_ settlers use regular terrestrial watches that stop ticking at midnight for 39 minutes and 40 seconds before resuming their timekeeping.
"Comp" time is not an unusual thing in Science Fiction; a set of minutes at around midnight that resync the hour to the local physical planetary hour for the new day. Connecting this to UTC is... unmentioned, but it's generally accepted that cross-system communication is laggy at best, because that makes for better storytelling, but also means problems like this can be hand-waved away. Mind you, it also bears mentioning that we won't be able to use the internet to talk to Mars, because TCP has a timeout in it that is shorter than the lightspeed travel to Mars, and hence you won't be able to send data between the two planets fast enough to keep an internet link up; you'd have to encapsulate it in a different protocol, or run a gateway of some sort. So some of the timesync issues are less important on a tiny scale, provided each planet keeps itself sorted, the wider universe is just fine.
@@paco3523 Generally (in the books I've read), it's "comp plus 25" for 25 minutes into the comp time; the differing ways that humans refer to time in english in the world we live in suggests that almost anything could be used, as long as it's clear for the user and the listener. For example, US english vs UK english vs NZ english all have slightly different ways of referring to the same time, and I can never remember which is which...
Base 12 came about because ancient people counted the segments of their fingers and pointed at them with their thumb. The fingers on the other hand were used as a placeholder to aid counting higher (count to 12, fold one finger down, count to 12 again, fold another finger down, etc). 12 finger segments x 5 placeholder fingers = 60.
'60' was originated from our hands. If you turn your palm up, you'll see that, excluding thumb, each of your four fingers have 3 'parts?'. It makes 12 im total and if you multiply it with all your fingers you get 60. It makes it quite easy to count using your hands.
Also, elon is directing most of the funds into the starship development. They already constructed 2(almost 3) full size prototypes so I don't doubt they can build 1000 of them
A few things not quite right here. First, although months on Earth have their origins in the lunar cycle, they have long since become separate and are just generally the year divided into 12 units. This originated millennia ago, in particular with the Julian calendar and the Egyptian one that it was based on. Second, the Earth day is not a fixed length, it varies according to the time of year and other factors. However, we use the 24-hour day as the MEAN day length. The 23 hours 57 minutes relates to the time it takes the Earth to rotate 360 degrees, which is not a full day in human terms. It takes a little longer to rotate to our day, i.e. from midnight to midnight, because the Earth has by then moved a little farther round its orbit and the sun has moved apparently a little further eastwards in the sky. And lastly, it’s spelt “Martian”, not “Martion”.
I would most certainly move to mars, I feel my choices up to this point prevents me from moving there with one of the early trips but I do really want to go there.
You mean a guy whos emtire business revolves around space faring got a prediction wrong about a virus that effects the human body? That must mean his predictions about his actual field of expertise must also be wrong
@@laagone I trust the guy with actual qualifications and a vested interest in being right about this over some dude in a youtube comment section. There is no way you have anywhere near the amount of info he does that allowed him to make such a prediction. And without such info, we can't say whether or not it's optimistic
The journey to Mars would be an amazing natural forced quarantine for all kinds of diseases; if anyone turns sick during the flight, they still have 8 months to get rid of the disease before they arrive. There won't be any surprise infections at arrival, in any case. I bet the first diseases transmitted from Earth to the red planet will be STDs. And I also bet that this will happen within the first 1000 travelers to the planet.
@@lukasdon0007 As amusing as I find your prediction, I can also full-heartedly agree that yes, Martian STDs will probably be a thing rather quickly lol
@@lukasdon0007 what will be worse is the virus will evolve away from earth meaning people on earth will not be able to fight it at all as we don't have any evolution that helps
In the halo universe they use the earth time and local time side by side. What I mean is, if they send a letter it will detail the local time of their planet and earth time. How they would keep earth time synced up throughout a large expanse of space is beyond me.
Eh, they could just do it like in the Star Trek canon (well, I assume it, at least, survived the retcon that is the newest one), and go by stardates, which are in a decimal system, and dated from - if memory serves - when the Federation was formed.
...no. Incomplete explanations and mistakes are very common here probably because the videos are on a tight schedule. There are many better science channels to watch that value the actual knowledge over getting the video out on time
He also messed sidereal time with solar time. Also stated that the number of daylight hours is 12 because 12 is the number of daylight hours. And didn't mention that most of the proposed calendars for Mars comprise 24 months of around 28 days instead of 12 months of around 56 days.
Not really. He gets out videos on tight schedules and often have mistakes. They're fun for a story, but not for digging in to every little factoid he says.
Actually, Mars is currently not the most habitable of bodies in the solar system (if you include moons) That title goes to Titan. Sure, youd need a heated suit in order to not turn into a popsicle on Titans -180°C surface, but the same is true for Mars. Furthermore, you dont need protection from the sun, or, for that matter, radiation, as Titans thick atmosphere, Saturns magnetic field, and the distance from the sun for the two of them will do that for you. Youd also need a modified oxygen mask to breathe on Titan (Its atmosphere is some 95% Nitrogen and 5% Methane at a density of 1.45 atmospheres, but as long as you adjust your masks pressure output accordingly, thats well within pressures that humans can breathe in) but the fact you dont need a full on space suit to walk around on Titan makes it way more habitable than any other body in the solar system, besides the earth itself of course.
Mars is much quicker to reach. It also has caves which may prove useful to colonisation. More importantly, its surface resembles Earth's a bit, whereas Titan is covered in perpetual smog. That will at least be a good thing psychologically.
@@anonb4632 Yeah, but from a standpoint of just how easy it would be to walk around on the surface, provided you could get there, Titan allowing you to do so without a full on shielded space suit is already way ahead of what any other object besides earth does.
It would actually be better if the Martian day was vastly different than an Earth day, so there would be no temptation to develop "Martian" time which would be subtlety different from Earth time. If it were two or three odd Earth days per rotation we would just use Earth's clock and some days you would have light and some days would be dark and some days would be either dusk or dawn.
I was looking for this. If the day actually lasted for less than 24 hours, we wouldn't need leap years, would we? Though, I was not aware of what a sidereal day is, thank you for that.
I mean why choose a standard time like this one the first place lol .... 12 hours cycle is very confusing the more you get into it like for example February has a extra day every leap year.. I mean why couldn't they add that extra day to another month??? Too confusing
@@madhusudhanas903 Where you add the extra day doesn't make much of a difference, may as well put it on the only month that is less than 30 days long. Besides, December is probably among the worst months to elongate, with all the holidays going on everywhere.
Days were actually divided by 10 with 2 hours for twilight on each side. Hence 12. 60 was from earlier civilisations which counted to 12 using the 3 parts on 4 fingers (3x4=12 (a dozen)). And each dozen was counted on the other hand, 12x5=60. When they counted minute(small) numbers they divided it by 60, and when they divided those minute numbers a second time, they called it seconds.
Still, I would never understand why people would leave earth for mars? Mars would be an astounding experience to visit but could you imagine how horrible it would be to LIVE there?
The second is derived from the day, not the other way around. It's *defined* by Caesium because we needed a precise value and the earth's rotation sucks for that. So on Mars, you can simply adjust the second's length and work off that, then build a unique calendar.
1:20 12 comes from the number of segments your fingers have on one hand when using your thumb as a pointer, and multiplied by the digits on the other hand, you get 60.
He's a huckster. People haven't even been on the Moon in my lifetime. It is possible people will land on Mars in my lifetime, but there are many issues which haven't been surmounted yet, including the construction of spacecraft big enough to ferry thousands of people there, housing and food production at the Martian end etc etc. A million by 2050? Isn't going to happen but there may be a colony there by then. Even if we succeed with landing on Mars, it will be undermined by the usual types claiming we haven't the correct ratios of Minority X and that the money would be better spent here.
@@anonb4632 A colony of a few people by 2050 might be possible but it's optimistic. A million is so far outside the realm of possibility he might as well have said we'll have 50 billion people living on the sun. And yet people believe it...
If elon musk dies before he tries this, all motivation of space colonization will die too because i dont think nasa will do it. Or maybe china will try to do it idk
There are so many technical limitations. Even getting unmanned craft there (and landed safely) is tricky. The biggest problems is dealing with radiation and other hazards for such a long journey, and the other issue is resupply once you have humans living on the planet. Ideally it would be self sustaining, but the Biodome experiments have shown that isn't exactly easy. Resupply will most likely be necessary. And last, but not least, the issue is there is no profit in this, and there simply won't be enough money to get any significant amount of people on Mars. I'd be surprised if we put anyone on Mars before 2050.
12 can be divided by 2, 3, 4, 6. which makes it a way more convenient system than base 10 (2, 5). 60 is 12x5, so with you get one more simple divisor: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12.
The base 60 system can probably be traced back to the Sumerians. They counted differently with their fingers than we do today. If we hold out our hands we can see that each of our fingers has three segments except for the thumb which has two. The Sumerians counted by using the thumb of their right hand to tap each segment on each finger on the right hand, counting up to 12. When they reached 12 they would raise a finger on their left hand, counting up the twelves. And when they had five fingers raised, they had gotten up to 60 and then they had to start again. This could also mean that the base 12 system can maybe to some extent also be traced back to the Sumerians.
