A steppe is the same as a plain... It would be interesting to discuss the various tribes/ ethnicities of this region. Scythians, Huns, Avars, Alans, Khazars, Magyars... Actually, going westward, the steppe ends in Hungary.
Koszonom, Boldog Asszonai Velasquez! That's the Magyar/Hungarian for "Thank you, Great Lady Velasquez", for describing the western terminus of the Great Eurasian Steppe.
Plains are usually used to refer to fertile land though. Steppe is an arid and uncultivable plain land, without much water sources (like rivers, lakes, rainfall, etc that plains have)
Its amazing how every peoples that moved into the steppe went on to dominate at some point usulay elsewhere in migration. As if the steppe enriches everyone . Horses must be the key to this success. The deer and horses love this pastoral land . We know since paleo times its been what languages call indo European . The migration of people's into sumeria ,Greece,thrace,likley indus,hitittes,gaul,mongols,huns,turks all seem to have at some point used the steppe to build themselves up both in population and with it knowledge and milatary strength grew out of the good life. So many more names linked to this but you get the just.
@@manchuqing4560 There were Ural- Altaic peoples in the steppes from earliest time as they are today and they were the first to domesticate horses. Lapps, Finno-ugrians including Manchus may be related from pre-historic time.
Happy to see your sharing about various geographical, cultural and historical videos. As another commentor has wrote to you, you can maybe try to listen to several other youtubers that produce similar videos as you do like dan carlin, to hear how they speak (not to compare on purpose nor to imply for you to copy what they write and discuss). You can slowly learn to omit unnecessary words and sounds as you can also produce these types of videos into a story-telling manner where the audience will fully be listening to you. So the umms and lips smacking, repetition of words (that you can get away with during presentations) tend to irritate listeners because they arent watching you videos nor watching you do a presentation. So instead it may even be better to convey your videos in a manner of reading out you essay because in essays you tend to tone down unnecessary, excessive and filler words (unless they help to prove your point). Hope you keep making videos and keep up the good work!
Not all of the languages of this region are Indo- European, - Turkic, Ugric and Ural- Altaic also play a big role. Various peoples migrated down from the northeast ( near Siberia) and spread to this region and impacted it greatly.
You are correct. I talk more about Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic peoples in "The History of the Eurasian Steppe 2" if you haven't had a chance to check it out yet
@@bookofkings The Turkic, Mongolian and Tungus genetics of the modern Eurasian steppe regions have a minority. Due to the European Temperature Minimum (15th-19th century, Little Ice Age. The result of climate cooling - the collapse of the Golden Horde). Dominant in the modern Eurasian steppe is the Slavic-Baltic-Finno-Ugric genetics colonized steppe regions in the 16th-20th century with russian colonists (Russian expansion).
I was always wondering about the origin of Indo-Europeans. These two videos (The History of the Eurasian Steppe 1 and 2) have given me a broad understanding.
The eastern part of Hungary is also as flat as a pancake. Nagy Alfoeld. There is also a small plane near Austria called Kis Alfold (o + Umlaut). The Neusiedler See is the most western Steppe Lake. The water tasts brackish/salt. In Hungary you have the Hungarian Grey Cattle /Szurke Marha/Szarvasz Marha with long horns. Perhaps this cattle was used by the Magyar nomads.
7:40- 7:45: Not all languages in India are Indo- European. Only the languages that are derived from Sanskrit can be termed as Indo-European. The early version of Sanskrit was brought to India from the steppe pastorals around 3000 BC. Before the coming of the Steppes, India had a great Civilization known as the Indus Valley Civilization, where Proto elamite language was spoken. The languages that are derived from the proto elamite (the Dravidian languages)are still spoken by the decendends of the great Indus Civilization( which is actually a good percentage of the Indian population).
Wonderful video from a socio/cultural perspective! Exactly what I was looking for. Would have loved some geohistorical perspective to see how this amazing and incredibly impactful landform was first created! But I guess we all have different history kinks x)!
Your discussion of the Scythians was good- but various peoples claim their lineage from them and a discussion of this would have been interesting... Also, Dacia, Etelkoz ( the Magyars) and the Bulgars.
One interesting thing is that the Finnhorse (horse breed native to Finland) seems to originate further from beyond the Urals in eastern Eurasia. Although oldest archeological evidence for horse riding related items, such as bits and horse shoes date to the migration period, grave finds also show that domesticated horses were in Finland at the time of the bronze age (1500s BCE to 500s BCE roughly). The interesting thing about this is that the Finnhorse without any mixing with European breeds is very eastern-like, it is stocky, more like a pony almost and a 2014 genetic study on Finnhorses concluded that the closest genetic relatives to it are the Mongolian and Yakutian horses, Estonian horse and the Mezen horse. It seems very likely that the ancestors of the Finnhorse came with the Finno Ugric migrants into Finland from the Volga-Ural region, where they in turn were acquired from beyond the Urals. Another thing is that the Finnhorse (much like Finns themselves) aren't genetically or visually that similar, there were the eastern Finnish type which was the more stocky, pony-like one and then there was the western/central Finnish type which was more similar to other European breeds due to mixing. The differences between these two types were still fairly easy to spot in the early 20th century, but nowadays they aren't as distinct from each other due to breeding and mixing.
If you look at the imagine at the start, the Gobi Desert looks like something hit it, something that had massive heat and force. Pushing up the Himilaya's, causing a back blast, but most of the heat discharge west causing massive desertification.
Imo since we still lack alot of info about the many ancient Pyramids in China, there is a big chunk of history missing, and that proably plays a big role of the Eurasian steppe history
There's only one Nation in Ancient times to today Prymaids are only in Africa so that means the DEVELOPMENT in China came from Africa...COMMON SENSE!!!
@@quietstorm8916 Again they are in the SOUTH..what u call India today was called the NAGA CUSHITE..The prymaids there are also in the south...What u call Mexico...OLMECS in the SOUTH..Look at the DEVELOPMENT in the building of the prymaids all throughout South America too..look at how the rocks stones come together perfectly then look at the Prymaids stones in Egypt..When i say NATION I am talking about the Blacks.
@@marcossealey8612 Im not denying that there has been sucessful nations in ancient times that could be considered a black society, but to think that all ancient history conscerning pyramids etc only belong to african people is just plain ignorance, i would agrue that the people who crafted the most delicate structures around the world was from a time considered predynastic or antideluvian and these people most likely dont exist on the planet today, the majority of the people living today wont have any trace of it. It's after the catastrophic events we see the kush nubians and olmecs and such repopulating these old sites that are still standing, but on the other hand all kinds of people are repopulating the old world, not just people of black skin. There is evidence of artifacts in gold and other materials depicting blue eyed people, some with light skin and beards all over the planet aswell like Peru, India, China, Egypt, mesopotamia which all places have pyramids. I would say the ancient history belongs to all of us, not just a choose few
@@quietstorm8916 Never was a Mesopotamia BIBLE is an ALLEGORY..U cannot(CONTAIN)Africa in the bible...Again show me the Prymaids coming out of Europe.European history is only 7000thousand yrs old..AFRICAN history is at least 1millionyrs old..When they say ANCIENT there is only one group of people that is Ancient..MY ancestors who gave the 🌎 CIVILIZATION..HOTEP!!!
Im enjoying this studying.. Thank you brother, I smack too because i have a missing tooth, however, those who genuinely want to hear will hear and listen, some people have an effeminate spirit that causes them to "complain" .
Hey, good stuff! I was looking to play Borodin's "Steppes Of Central Asia" and found your site. Have always been attracted to the Plain/steppe regions. I live where the Rockies meet the Great Plains of North America.. Not too many people, rural, open lands to the east, mtns and trees to the west- best of both worlds!
Nice job overall and very nice map. However there's a few things that I will mention that would help to make this more complete. Sorry no offense intended here, I only wish to help you to make it as historically accurate as possible and I am happy to share my knowledge with you my friend. I have been reading about the Steppe Peoples for many years and you are right they absolutely helped shape and influence the sedentary civilizations, in fact both the settled and the pastoral societies had rather complex interrelationships with each other sometimes peaceful and other times warring. The larger more developed Steppe Peoples (larger tribes and Confederations) had laws and governmental systems. Many also spoke agglutinative languages mostly from the (Ural-Altaic) group of languages. When reading the ancient Roman And Chinese accounts, we need to be mindful that many times "The Steppe Peoples" are portrayed in derogatory ways, not all were ignorant Barbarians. In their lifestyle, they were not truly nomads in the strictest sense of the word, instead they practiced what is known as transhumance pastoralism. (Transhumance pastoralists follow a cyclical pattern of migrations that usually take them to cool highland valleys in the summer and warmer lowland valleys in the winter. Last but not least, The Steppe zone of Eurasia stretches from Manchuria and ends in Hungary a large prairie in the carpathian basin known as the Alföld.
The smacking sound you continuously make and the use of the term "umm" makes your video just to hard to listen to. The information is interesting but your delivery is very poor. If you love history as much as you claim then please honor said history by refining your speaking skills and gathering your thoughts before hand.
what individuals like Archimedes, Ptolemy, Al-Khwarizmi, Aristotle, Copernicus, Omar Khayyam, da Vinci, Pasteur, Mozart or Tesla came out of the folks on the steppe? what major advances in medicine, tech, engineering or art was left as a legacy by these peoples other than conquest and aggression down the ages?
The people of India are from very ancient times, tens of thousands of years if not hundreds of thousands of years. The so-called Aryan migration to India happened in the very recent past. That too mostly in the northern parts of the present India. They did not contribute anything to Indian culture. In fact, they assimilated with Indian culture. Also, there was no Aryan invasion to India. This narration in this video about Indian culture is from the twisted European version of 1800s borne out of their superiority complex. In ancient Indian scriptures the term Arya was used to address a highly educated young adult. There were no Aryan tribe ever in ancient India. Then, Indian civilization was using horses and Chariots more than 7000 years ago. Also, Buddhism was spread to the north western parts of India ( present day Pakisthan, Afghanistan etc) by Mayuran empire of India, much earlier than the Kushan empire. There are many such misinterpretations about India. No offense meant. Just an effort to straighten a few key facts.
Yes you are right indian subcontinent has one of the three oldest civilizations of the world but it is also true that this region is the most fertile soil for survival . Also its is at the centre of all other civilizations. So in the past it was common to migrate and conquer some good productive lands and iran pakistan and india was the most suitable option for them . Becsuse its has water , fertile soil and 4 seasons in a years . Lands were conquered in the past om the basis of power and war not on the basis of civilization. If you look at history , empires were built and lands were conquerred who migrated alot and had some fightings skills . And this euroasian steppe had a big role in making those empires . Majority of nomadic tribes from asia to europe either who conquerred world either orignated from this belt or used this route to conquer fertile lands
Horses were depicted long before domestication, also, horses were used in Eurasia for a very long time for the people who lived there. People who lived in Ireland before the Irish were unknown, Neither their languages nor the terms they used to describe themselves have survived. My very own ancestors are from Ireland and Scotland, And i feel a strong connection to the Eurasian Steppe
í just wonder if the flora and fauna is as diverse as like the Africans Savannah's ik it was during the Pleistocene but at present time how many large animals still roam there
Very interesting topic, but you sure have to work on your oral skills, you have to present it more vivid with some enthusiasm and not that monotonous nasal voice using ‘uhmmm’ as an interval pause.
True. It takes practice and the lip smacking can be an annoyance just as much as the uhhh, uhmmms as an interval pause. Read, read, read, practice, practice, practice.
~~ The term "Xiongnu" is a chinese term. We don't know how people of Xiongniu were calling themselves. There is a theory saying, the term "Xiongnu" was transformed to sanscrit "Huna" (probably thanks to the trade contacts) and passed to greek kingdoms in central Asia in the form of "Ounnoi". Then this terms transformed to "Hunnoi" when reached Europe and Romans again transformed it to "Hunni". The name "Hunnu" is transformed latin "Hunni" and Mongolians use it because of their relation with SSSR. In concusion, by this theory both "Xiongnu" and "Hunnu" are okay to say, because it is the same word after many transliterations. ~~ That's the theory, since it's really hard to find the answer.
@@TheNamiar this Video is very interesting. History is a very interesting thing you can spend hours and hours. I m mongolian and i can just tell you what i now about the history of my country. The first state build on the landscape of Mongolia are the Hunns as you wrote before. In Chinese its written xiongnu i think. But we call the name "hunnu" in cyrillic, which is used in modern Mongolia as letter ,its written "хүннү" or some say "хүн" We are direct descendants from this people who had their influence to world history.
With so many people in an area over the centuries, it always strikes me funny. That a group of people will insist that their people were there 1500 years ago. And, that they looked and talked the same. I doubt that theres any place better than the U.S. to see that, that's not what happens. You can see a race totally altered in just a lifetime.
Bro...This vid is loaded with so many factual errors I couldn't watch it to the end: 1) The Yamnaya didn't invent the chariot. They utilized what is best described as carts not chariots. 2) Aryans didn't bring civilization to India or are they the people of India today. If that was the case, every language spoken in India today would be an Indo-Aryan language. Harappan civilization is documented in the Indus Valley Region of India centuries, if not millennia, before any evidence of Aryan presence is documented. 3) The Huns didn't lead to the fall of the Roman Empire. Huns invaded Roman lands in the 5th century. Rome lasted centuries beyond that.
The Indo-European languages, which the Celtic languages are a branch of, did originate from the Eurasian Steppe (i.e. the Yamnaya culture). This draws a linguistic connection between the Irish and the Eurasian Steppe. Now, whether the Irish are descendants of Indo-European settlers to Ireland, or whether the Celtic languages were spread to Ireland through cultural diffusion (i.e. the natives of Ireland remained largely the same genetically, but spoke a new language/languages) is a whole other conversation
I dont understand were people get there information from. I mean we have dna. Kostenki 14 is a 37,000 year old European discovered in Russia. Now here's a couple important facts that people just seem to ignore. #1. Kosinski 14 already had the 3 genetic components that make up modern Europeans today. Today we call these 3 genetic components W.H.G,, Neolithic farmer & A.N.E. this is very important. I must emphasize this point. All modern Europeans with a couple exceptions have these 3 specific genetic components. So this group of people are 1 people genetically. More importantly they have been genetically homogeneous for 37,000 years. #2. Kosinski 14 had no Asian admixture he was 100% European. Just like today's Europeans. This is 1 people. Not a bunch of different people like the main stream narrative pretends. Also Eurasia is just a land mass. Its not referring to genetics.
I cant tell if these comments regarding your performance and information are genuine or if they are blinded by their supposed connections to their ancestors and propaganda of some sort.
Term "Xiongnu" is a chinese term. We don't know how people of Xiongniu were calling themselves. There is a theory saying, the term "Xiongnu" was transformed to sanscrit "Huna" (probably thanks to the trade contacts) and passed to greek kingdoms in central Asia in the form of "Ounnoi". Then this terms transformed to "Hunnoi" when reached Europe and Romans again transformed it to "Hunni". The name "Hunnu" is transformed latin "Hunni" and Mongolians use it because of their relation with SSSR. In concusion, by this theory both "Xiongnu" and "Hunnu" are okay to say, because it is the same word after many transliterations.
Very interesting topic, but still there are some mistakes: - domestication of the horse is proven to occur before Yamnaya culture. - about Scythians name, it's probably from greek not because of the term "Saka". The term "Saka" appears in Herodotus where he claims the Persian people call them like that. In archaeology exist a term for all "Scythian" cultures called "Sako-Scythian horizon". Also calling them "pagan" is wrong. They had a religion, mentioned earlier historian gave us some detail about their religion. - about Xiongnu, their origin is unknown. There are theories about it, even one of them says they were from China. Also, it's very important to point out the fact "Xiongnu" was a Chinese name for northern barbarians (later this term transformed thanks to other cultures to the Latin "Huna/Huni" and English "Huns"). The culture you describe was in reality made of many small tribes (some well known by the name) and should be called a confederation of tribes. - another inaccuracy is to say China was paying "tributary" to Xiongnu. In fact, the expensive gifs for Xiongnu were called "heqin" and it was a form of diplomacy used by the Empire. Instead of keeping a large amount army by the borders, Empire was sending gifts to maintain the peace and "addict" the other side to their products.
Russian steppe: Real Russia/Provincial Russia. Southwestern Russia. Chernozem (black land) economic region (chernozem soils are one of the most fertile soils in the world). The Belgorod region is located at the border of the steppe and the forest, the Belgorod region - the forest-steppe ("Yamska steppe" Nature park - The only wild steppe in Europe not plowed under agricultural crops. Belgorod steppe - is Russian savannah (African-type steppe with trees). The city of Belgorod ("white city" to russian) was founded by Russian colonists in 1596 as an anti-nomadic fort, an anti-nomadic defensive line of forts in southern Russia from Turkish and Crimean Tatar military and robbery raids to Central Russia. The Russians achieved a military advantage with the help of a more developed economy. Nomadic warriors could not oppose anything to the Russian fortress artillery and military raids ceased. The raiding economy fell into decay, and the nomads switched to the service of the Russian Tsar. Former nomadic steppes joined the Russian State (History of Russia - World History). Belgorod city: population 394.000 citizens, ethnic composition: ethnic russians 94.5%. Look, city of Belgorod outskirts, Veziolka River park and mini beachs, russian savannah nature, a typical trees in Belgorod: oak, poplar, maple, thuja, spruce, pine, elm, linden, mulberry, birch, acacia, willow, mountain ash, ash, pear, apple, bird cherry, aspen, wild rose. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-dF5J_ULKS2g.html Real Russia, drive from the Industrial zone and suburbs to the Belgorod outskirts. The russian savanna of temperate climate, chalk mountains. Belgorod average annual temperature +8.3 °C. For example: N. America: Montreal +8.5°C, Ottawa +8.4°C; Europe: Kyiv +8.4°C, Warsaw +8.5°C, Prague +8.4°C. Belgorod city. Autumn, October 7, 2020, +23, sunny. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-_oomNOqB-ug.html Belgorod anthropological types (russian-ukrainian mix): depigmented(>20-40%, dominant type: dark blond with gray eyes) northern-eastern europeans with steppe type mix: Belgorod city. High school graduation. School №45 with fire ans rescue education. Belgorod TV news. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-jf6oH5IaA-8.html Belgorod region. Bessonovka village, population 3.000 citizens. High school graduation. School №1 with border guards education. Belgorod TV news. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-UUr1lRD8XqA.html Belgorod region. Dubovoe village, population 8.500 citizens. Dance school "My dance" ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-J6anU36Gc7s.html Belgorod Police Academy: Graduation clips, chalk mountain - a symbol of honest service: Graduation 2018 ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-mHGFnnl4l74.html Graduation 2019 ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-6ZEQkysN70g.html
Are you a perfesser or a student of this stuff? I've paid $$$ to take classes involving these topics- and a lifetime of study! FWIW modern Indian scholars are poo-pooing the "Aryan Invasion theory", mostly I think, because it disturbs their ideas about Hindu culture and how it came to be...
Very bad narrator. Um, kinda, click sound, um, kinda, click sound. Awful. I cannot listen to it. Pity as no doubt there is a lot of good information there.
Constructive critisism. Please practice talking without smacking, without using "eummm" or "you know" in every sentence. Very interresting subject but I had to stop after 10 minutes. Sorry , You make good interesting videos but thes things are so annoying.
it's joke if u say all the laugue, mainly indian languange drive from steppe. Indian have many languange so pls specific which laugue u refer to. Due to the climate steppe even can't open the mouth properly to pronouns. Go study history properly. before blublering.
Whilst the videos good the actual domestication of horses is widely contested & could have been any of a hundred tribes Yamnaya or not because original domestication would've been done riding bareback & therefore there's no physical evidence. A lot of your stuff was good as in you're in the right ball park, however there's a lot of generalisation. Like the Xiongnu being the basis for Mulan, wrong, firstly because the Rourans were the invading force in the original ballad because it was based in a very specific time period & second because Mulan was only half Han Chinese. She was born in the Northern Wei which was under Tuobo control & her father was a Tuobo. Tuobo allowed women to be trained in combat, her parents encouraged Mulan to fight in the ballad & in both Chinese & Tuobo cultures you take your fathers heritage. Tuobo are just as much related to Mongols & Xiongnu as Rourans & are closer to being Xiongnu to the Huns. Disney was just being racist.
I'm asking you as a Crimean Tatar. Should the Huns be Christians? lol The fact that some of those people are of Hun origin does not change with your thinking.
@@Alakhana A tangled topic. Whether they were an honorific, or an honoured group, or an ethnic group that was accorded higher honours among others is not clear. It is also not clear if what hold true among the Iranians also held true among the Indo-Aryans (I am describing both by their supposed speech/language for the sake of convenience; it is likely that in ethnic terms, they were identical). You have a point, but it is impossible to either prove it or disprove it given the evidence that we have.
