This Would Happen if a Supervolcano Erupted Today

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At the present, there are 9 active supervolcanoes around the globe. Several of these, such as Lake Toba, produced megaeruptions while humans lived on the planet. This begs the question, what would a supereruption look like if one were to occur today? Using a series of models developed by the USGS and other researchers, this video shows what a low end supereruption would look like. The hypothetical supereruption would originate at the famous Mount Cleveland volcano in Alaska. I must note that at the present no supervolcanoes are showing any warning signs of a large volume volcanic eruption. This video is meant as a "what if" scenario as requested by one of my patrons.
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Graphics of eruption dates are courtesy of the Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institute. volcano.si.edu/
Thumbnail Photo Credit: ELG21, Pixabay, Pixabay license
Photo Credit at 1m37s: 12019, Pixabay, Pixabay license
Citation:
AGU Fall Meeting 2020
Note: I have yet to see a published paper on the presentation given at this meeting. If you know of one, contact me and I will update this to a more proper citation.
This video is protected under "fair use". If you think my discussion of a scientific paper does not fall under this doctrine, or images shown in this video are incorrectly attributed, contact me by email at geologyhubyt@gmail.com and I will remove/censor the content in question.
0:00 A Hypothetical Supervolcano Erupts
0:20 Comparison to other Eruptions
0:55 Supervolcano Location
1:24 The Eruption Begins
2:25 A Megatsunami
3:50 Ashfall Extent
Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google
CC BY SA 2.0 license: creativecommons.org/licenses/...
avo.alaska.edu/volcanoes/volc...

Опубликовано:

9 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 550

@GeologyHub 2 года назад

This video was requested by one of my patreons, and is not meant to fearmonger. I do want to note that in my hypothetical eruption there is a higher degree of certainty in some areas. For example, while I am confident in my calculation of pyroclastic flow length, I am unsure if my interpretation of how high the tsunami generated by the landslide and its wave height at a distance is completely accurate. Also, although a supereruption is not expected anytime soon, if one to occur it would like originate at Campi Flegrei in Italy.

@melrichardson7709 2 года назад

@@guff9567 As I have pointed out to you before, you are just an unpleasant, self-centered childish troll. Unless you have any mature comments to make, go away and learn to grow up.

@DanishGamerWalkthroughs 2 года назад

Tondano volcano is perhaps a supervolcano? Not much info to find about it.

@snarky_user 2 года назад

@@melrichardson7709 based upon that response, if your assertion is true, he's a very successful one.

@lostinfrance9830 2 года назад

Campi Flegrei in Italy......Yikes!! hope we have north winds at the time here in France 🤞

@TheValueOfN 2 года назад

@@melrichardson7709 Do not feed trolls... ever.

@AdrianJamesEllis 2 года назад

Very good summation. I found the dry, factual description of global calamity both gripping and also amusing. It was like a newsreader telling everyone that they would soon be destroyed, and then moving on to the weather.

@seriousmaran9414 2 года назад

Leaves out long term deaths due to starvation. That would need a much longer documentary which has been done elsewhere.

@mercator79 2 года назад

gripping and unsettling for me

@fallinginthed33p 2 года назад

Keep calm and carry on with geology.

@badgerello 2 года назад

Immediately made me think of the newscaster speaking in the intro to Tools song 3rd Eye... "Today a young man on acid realized that all matter is merely energy condensed to a slow vibration; that we are all one consciousness experiencing itself subjectively; there is no such thing as death; life is only a dream and we are the imagination of ourselves...Here's Tom with the weather."

@oldmech619 2 года назад

I missed the “hypothetical” eruption, first time.

@owenjackson2390 2 года назад

I've seen many channels cover this topic, most of which are channels with 1,000,000+ subscribers with little to no knowledge of supervolcanoes or this type of concept. It's nice to see an actual geologist cover this topic instead of a repetitive "true" facts or "top tens" type channels who get their info just for a single video.

@Diamerald 2 года назад

@Kadita Jupe Just to let you know I have reported this post. You are disgusting with these adds.

@the_corvid97 2 года назад

@@Diamerald They're a bot so they won't see your comment, good job in reporting it though.

@groothewanderer9472 2 года назад

this has become one of my favorite channels for this exact reason

@gregvarner9562 2 года назад

This was a very interesting hypothetical. Thanks for not making this about Yellowstone. That's been done to death and we all know how screwed we are if that happens in our lifetimes. This scenario was a lot different but would still be a huge blow to the modern world especially in the near proximity of the eruption in the short term and pretty much all of us in the long term. Make sure you have 30 years of emergency food on hand I guess.

@randysmith6493 2 года назад

Hay ! , Speak for yourself, I live in Anchorage.

@gregvarner9562 2 года назад

@@randysmith6493 Hey sorry. But according to what he said it's a non starter so you're safe there. LOL. I would never want to see what I consider to be one of the most valuable United States get a smack down like that. Stay warm my friend.

@drscopeify 2 года назад

Yellowstone hotspot is still directly under the existing Caldera, probably due to North America moving slow over recent few hundreds of thousands of years, so Yellowstone potentially already has a path of least resistance, a future eruption may simply be a "lava flow" event as has happened a number of times since the last "super volcano" eruption. It would destroy part or all of the current park so terrible damage to a major world site but if the lava was continuous it would also form a new tourist attraction.

@yodorob 2 года назад

This Covid pandemic is but a dress rehearsal for any such supervolcano scenario or worse.

@rainydaylady6596 2 года назад

@@yodorob That's scarier than this scenario. We're truly screwed if people react as they have with the pandemic.

@tomp_ 2 года назад

I love how you addressed at the start how it is really unlikely for a super volcano to actually erupt, which I found good to spread true information

@GeologyHub 2 года назад

I repeated the same thing at the end, as this video is the sort of thing which could be potentially grossly taken out of content

@jjMcCartan9686 2 года назад

@@GeologyHub I can't see how we can be caught off guard by any supervolcanic eruption to me you can plan so far ahead for contingencies but you can't prepare for scale & climatic impact .

@rizkyadiyanto7922 2 года назад

i heard yellowstone is due soon?

@hestheMaster 2 года назад

@@rizkyadiyanto7922 NO, but I made it as another hypothetical location in an above post. The results are the same.

@LadyAnuB 2 года назад

@@rizkyadiyanto7922 The thing about the Yellowstone hot spot is that it's going under the Rocky Mountains so it has even more crust to make it through then. (It's basically been running through the Basin and Range region until this point.)

@snarky_user 2 года назад

Sure, like that would happen on a Tuesday.

@GeologyHub 2 года назад

It would occur on a Monday, as we all know how Mondays are ;D

@lilweebuk3740 2 года назад

it could

@paulbeck6410 2 года назад

It will happen on Friday and ruin my weekend.

@outlawbillionairez9780 2 года назад

Tuesday won't work for me. Could we reschedule for Wednesday?

@hurricaneheather1420 2 года назад

@@GeologyHub Omg @GeologyHub got jokes 🤣😂

@nickybrown5019 2 года назад

I think Carlisle is pronounced Car-lyle. It was my granddads middle name and that’s how he always said it

@VanillaMacaron551 2 года назад

yes

@jblob5764 2 года назад

Yup nailed it

@anthonyloconte7835 2 года назад

So a few things here. It important "when" a wave would hit some of those cities.. Anchorage has a tidal range of 30 feet. A wave at low tide would likely damage only boats. A wave at high tide would enter the city. I have personally been to Latuya Bay in Alaska. That's where the world's biggest tsunami hit. You can see the wave line about 200 feet up the shore where the trees were stripped. It was fascinating. Alaska also had another landslide tsunami in 2017. A pilot noticed and area of no snow after a bit storm. Anyways enough of my babbling.

@redskinjim 2 года назад

what was the date of tsunami?

@mylessvec6440 2 года назад

@@redskinjim 9th of July, 1958

@jimmyjames2022 2 года назад

In Lituya Bay, on the mountain spur opposite the initial landslide the wave trim line reached 1720 feet (524 meters). There were boats in the bay at the time and there are interviews with some survivors on the net. One boat actually was lifted (surfing) right over the peninsula at the bay entrance and the occupants survived.

@anthonyloconte7835 2 года назад

@@redskinjim which one?

@anthonyloconte7835 2 года назад

@@jimmyjames2022 this is 100 percent true.

@neo-didact9285 2 года назад

GHub, I have to thank you for awakening my interest in geology, whether it be powerful events like these, beautiful gemstones, or odd geologic formations. I'm setting myself up to receive a degree in geology.

@GeologyHub 2 года назад

I’m glad that you enjoy my content and want to become a geologist! Just be aware that many people change their degrees in college. I originally went into cybersecurity before switching to geology. Just remember to emphasize a few areas of geology that will help you pursue careers in multiple sub-fields. These should include: -fields which are ALWAYS hiring (open pit mines, oil rigs) -preferred jobs (this varies by person) Mineral exploration and open pit mapping often pay decently

@neo-didact9285 2 года назад

@@GeologyHub Thank you for the inspiration and tips to set me up for success! I will summon determination to meet my goal of at least getting a bachelor's! Do you think that if I really want to make at least 6 figures, I should at least attempt a Master's?

@priceringo1756 2 года назад

Considering the long time periods between the same super volcano erupting, our ground radar measurements may only show slight differences on an already highly stressed system. We may only get a short notice.

@schneiderphotoMD 2 года назад

Seems like it wouldn’t even matter in the long run. Die right away or in the next year or two. A volcanic winter of that scale, drinking water contamination and loss of food supplies would pretty much end modern society. Humanity would survive, but it would be a pretty big reset button on progress.

@TyphoonVstrom 2 года назад

@@schneiderphotoMD That view is very US-centric really. In the scenario in the video, only the continental US and Canada have their drinking water contaminated. Wealthier nations would figure out ways to grow adequate amounts of food and I'd wager the southern hemisphere would fare quite a bit better. Advanced nations with the resources and finances to move fast could fairly quickly set up for the removal of things like flourene from water. Remember, we only have really accurate historical records of how major eruptions affect the NORTHERN hemisphere, not the southern hemisphere. The only super eruption I can think of that affected the southern hemisphere in any real way was Krakatoa, and that was pretty well equatorial. In the Alsakan supervolcano scenario, it is worst case due to the latitude of the eruption- weather systems would carry the ash and gases all over the hemisphere. Eruptions closer to the equator or poles tend to have much less dramatic effects. Don't get me wrong, a super eruption would be very difficult, but western societies have evolved so much that some would survive, and less affected areas of the world would do just fine.

@enlightenedsoul8897 2 года назад

@@TyphoonVstrom I think you are making light of the situation quite a bit, you have to remember that if a super eruption was to occur, and I mean a proper super eruption a VEI 8, 3000 Cubic km+ eruption. The ash cloud would get carried by the winds all over the globe, so no less affected areas will not do "just fine", as long as a VEI 7 (if large enough) or a VEI 8 eruption occurs then now one in the world is going to do "just fine". In fact, our reliance on technology might make us even more vulnerable, as the ash would affect power stations shutting down the power, which would lead to mass panic. Not to mention panic buying all over the world, we saw with covid the amount of panic buying that occurred now imagine that but about 10 times worse. Did you watch the whole video, it states that the temperature globally would plunge by around 5 degrees, causing a volcanic winter. Modern humans have not lived through a volcanic winter (or at least one on this scale), it states that famines and drought would spread over the globe. While we do have records of eruptions affecting the northern hemisphere, we also have ice core records from both poles showing steep temperature drops, showing that these eruptions affect both poles. Not to mention volcanic ash can and does get carried by the wind and even a small amount of ash can cause drastic effects, in 2010 the Icelandic volcano caused a very small eruption but even that grounded travel in the Atlantic. In fact, eruptions closer to the equator are more dangerous cause they have s higher chance of affecting both poles, examples are the 535 AD eruption of Krakatoa, Mt Tambora, Mt Rinjani, Campi Flegrei etc. And I must add, most world governments are incredibly incompetent and are terrible at dealing with crises like this.

@Trackiller 2 года назад

Sounds like a good idea for a series! A "What would happen" scenario involving a different volcano using the worst scenario possible (to add a little spice) !

@darrellcook8253 2 года назад

I'd like to see that. Maybe someday.

@ytmndman 2 года назад

I want to see one about a large igneous province/flood basalt eruption like the Siberian Traps.

@LadyAnuB 2 года назад

This is actually a very good idea as I would think the location of a volcano does make a difference in its effects.

@ferreiraslva.gabriel Год назад

I think an VEI8 eruption from lake Toba in Indonesia or lake Taupo in New Zealand will be the worst possible scenario. Those volcanoes are relative near the Ecuador's line and can affect all global's climate in a same proportion.

@corleydavis745 2 года назад

Hey brother, just wanted to say I appreciate your work and facts you bring us! I just got hired into Yellowstone and your videos have put a lot of my worst fears to rest, compared to other "top 10" or big RU-vid channels who feed off the fear mongering. You bring very insightful information, keep up the great work!

@GeologyHub 2 года назад

Have fun working in Yellowstone! I need to go back there one day. Although Yellowstone won’t produce a supereruption anytime soon, it could produce a several hundred foot wide crater in a hydrothermal explosion (odds 1 in 900 each year) or form a lava dome (odds 1 in 15,000 each year)

@corleydavis745 2 года назад

@@GeologyHub my worst fear is of world ending disasters, I guess I can blame unsourced articles and the movie 2012 for that. I lived through hurricane Katrina in Mississippi towards the coast. I just didn't want something like this to hold me back from the job of a lifetime. Thank you for all the factual information and educated opinions! You've really given me a better perspective on these beasts of nature.

@MightyMuffins 2 года назад

I mean the wars and famine would ultimately be the worst of all this. People can put up with a lot of stuff but not having food or water would lead to monumental crisis.

@ultramagnus8349 2 года назад

This is your best video and you have a lot of good ones.

@pureblood1978x 2 года назад

I like how the subscriber numbers are going up. Keep up the great work!

@FirstDagger 2 года назад

The Hunga Tunga coverage certainly and the constant quality of this channel certainly helped.

@hughezzell10000 Год назад

Thanks for ending the armageddon video with a very nice mineral specimen shot. It calmed my nerves.

@MrYukon2010 2 года назад

Wow, that's a very grim picture you paint. Thanks for painting it so clear.

@dylangorman467 2 года назад

I really liked this style of video today. It was very interesting to theorize a mega eruption. I look forward to the next video like this!

@MsWobie 2 года назад

A great video! I learn something every time I watch. 😀

@bukboefidun9096 2 года назад

Well done GH. I joined your channel during the Tonga eruption aftermath.

@curtisharrison1607 2 года назад

This was very entertaining you should do one of these for each supervolcano around the globe.

@heywaitaminute1984 2 года назад

Informative and interesting. The best combination.

@elizabethsmith3416 2 года назад

I agree with your assessment. It's when it's quiet that pressure builds that always keeps my eyes open.

@frankfrastein2244 2 года назад

Campi flegrei too is quiet with just a few mini quakes.

@elizabethsmith3416 2 года назад

@@frankfrastein2244 We shall keep an eye on Campi too , Thank you Frank

@-Vim- 2 года назад

Thanks for your great educative videos. I have been living in Tokyo for several years by now and have always wondered the probability of a Mont Fuji eruption. If you have the time, I would love to see the odds of that happening in the next decades and its probable impacts. "Fun" fact, there is a military training ground at the very foot of Mount Fuji. I spend one night close by. Very strange experience to be waken up by the sounds of canons near Mount Fuji O_o. What an odd place to repeatedly detonate explosives I thought...

@DanielBerke 2 года назад

There's an active U.S. military training camp in the saddle between Maunakea and Mauna Loa. You can hear the artillery from thousands of feet up the slopes sometimes.

@sigisoltau6073 2 года назад

Mt Fuji could erupt soon. It's been 315 years since the last eruption. Since the average time between eruptions has been 150 years it should had 2 eruptions since 1707. This means Fuji is overdue for another eruption, and it could be huge.

@frzferdinand72 2 года назад

You mentioned tsunamis in mainland Alaska, how about for the rest of the Pacific Rim? I imagine Hawaii would not have a good time dealing with that.

@KillberZomL4D42494 2 года назад

You are awesome dude. And thanks for not making it about Yellowstone.

@25scigirl 2 года назад

Great video! Could you do another hypothetical video where you talk about what if another New Madrid earthquake happened and/or if a volcano or earthquake happened on the East Coast of the United States? In the list that you showed, could you do a video on the volcanoes that you have not done yet? I noticed that there are two or three on there that I do not think have been done in the past. Thank you for your great videos and I hope that it will be a long time before this super volcano erupts causing a global Winter like Mt. Tambora did in 1815 and 1816.

@wojciechszeremeta2502 2 года назад

Very good chanel mate

@veritasetverietas5970 2 года назад

It's perfectly fine to have a fact based discussion on what might happen during an eruption. What makes your content different than say....Discovery Channels early 2000's "SUPER VOLCANOS WILL KILLS US ALL" videos is the presentation, the lack of fear mongering and dramatic music, and a general focus on science instead of theatrics.

@boar7153 2 года назад

Great video 👍

@YourAlaskaGuide 2 года назад

Now giving me something to think about almost every day as we experience earthquakes that are felt on a regular basis.

@cyankirkpatrick5194 2 года назад

These never gets boring.

@wildlifeisthewealthofnatur5457 2 года назад

And also, some disease may mutate and spread. A strain of Cholera was mutated due to suitable condition created for it to flourish because of Tambora eruption of 1815 and caused a pandemic. And you are right, Campi flegrei is most likely to have a major eruption. A very high chance that even in our lifetime.

@YaMumsSpecialFriend 2 года назад

Fascinating. I would be interested in understanding the potential consequences of the large volcano on the border of North Korea and China, Paektu Mountain. It is a fascinating geological phenomena asides from a potentially catastrophic time bomb, from my understanding.

@GeologyHub 2 года назад

Here you go: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-0mQ_sGFWNgg.html

@YaMumsSpecialFriend 2 года назад

@@GeologyHub thanks mate, love your work🖖🏼

@heavypen 2 года назад

Excellent forensic description of what might happen if such an eruption occurred - without the spooky music, over dramatization, and hype.

@GrayWx 2 года назад

I love this video!

@ejej6934 2 года назад

The configuration of Cook Inlet and Anchorage's location where the Inlet splits into Knik Arm and Turnagain Arm apparently serve to minimize tsunami risks for the city. NOAA's Tsunami Warning System rates Anchorage's risk of tsunamis as "extremely low." Unfortunately, coastal communities like Homer, Seward, Whittier and Valdez are not so fortunate. Except for Whittier, the populations in those towns have grown substantially since the 1964 earthquake and its associated tsunamis. Even though the chance of a supervolcano eruption is small, the probability of another devastating earthquake is more a matter of "when" than "if." Hopefully that will be far, far off in the future.

@unchargedpickles6372 2 года назад

If a supervolcano erupted today I'd miss all the fascinating stuff above the surface, thanks for the demonstration of the horrifying and fascinating activities I'd miss while curled up crying in a cave.

@c-shellsurfhawaii2413 2 года назад

Very scary stuff. Interesting. Thank you & Aloha!

@kathysmith6413 2 года назад

that what if scenario is very well done and even 1 year without crops would cause such a famine worldwide that gov'ts would collapse and millions die. "money would be absolutely worthless even as a medium of exchange and the world would be back on the barter system, businesses as we know them would no longer exist. it is just too much to think about

@muhammadnursyahmi9440 2 года назад

Yeah, the ongoing pandemic already prove to the world of how fragile the global supply chains currently are. I can't imagine the disruptions of them due to a supervolcano eruption.

@melrichardson7709 2 года назад

@@muhammadnursyahmi9440 Here's an unpleasant thought on the effects such as an eruption like this could have. How many people would sell themselves into some form of slavery to escape the worst affected areas?

@muhammadnursyahmi9440 2 года назад

@@melrichardson7709 people have already sold themselves into some sort of slavery thesedays. Just look at Bangladeshi immigrant workers in Middle East.

@desmond-hawkins 2 года назад

One day this video will be compared to the actual explosion of this supervolcano and will be called out for being incredibly prescient.

@mariastein187 2 года назад

Very interesting and scary. Thank you for this video. I Loved it.

@GeneralFr 2 года назад

This hypothetical eruption is already scary to just think about it (and that this would be of VEI 7 scale, I can not imagine one of VEI 8 scale). I also wanted to say that if it is possible to make a video about the Tucson Mountain Caldera, since it is little known and I find it interesting.

@AstonMartin427 2 года назад

Hi GeologyHub. Been waiting for a video requesting you to go over how the Ossipee Mountains in New Hampshire formed and what your thoughts are on the distant, but growing magma chamber under New England. Will there be a new volcano in New Hampshire/MA in the next few million years?

@carrisasteveinnes1596 2 года назад

Well, that was cheerful and uplifting...

@atomicbaconrocket8157 2 года назад

Have you made a video about the supervolcano in Italy yet? I find it super fascinating and would LOVE to learn more about it :)

@adriantheo7654 2 года назад

He had upload it about year ago

@Mostly_Harmless99 2 года назад

I really enjoy your channel and the info you share. I don’t feel you are fearmongering at all. Suggestion: I would sometimes like the charts and graphics to stay up for more than a quick second. Otherwise, I hope you get around to Mt Mazama (Muh-ZA-ma) and Crater Lake one of these days. Thanks!

@than217 2 года назад

The more likely scenario: a mandatory evacuation order for all major Alaskan cities is ordered then 40% to 60% of the population says "I HAVE MY RIGHTS! Come and make me!!!!"

@jessicamorgan3073 2 года назад

Thanks for the video. I'd worry that wars, possibly global, would break out as the pressure for scarce resources grows.

@metaphoricdirigible1499 2 года назад

Yeah, that’s inevitable. Look how badly our governments act even in the best of times.

@mistysowards7365 9 месяцев назад

When you said 100k dead it shocked me. Theres maybe that many people in southern Alaska, but they would certainly evacuate after the worst was over id think. I guess the runaway effects could contribute to many fatalities throughout the N.American continent. Great video as always.

@_buns_ 2 года назад

How long would a super volcano go from “showing signs of eruption” to actually erupting?

@bigrooster6893 2 года назад

A long time unless a huge earthquake happened.

@bravejango12 2 года назад

Could be 100 years could be 100 seconds. The last time a Super Volcano erupted was 26,500 years ago the one before that was 75,000 years ago. We do not know what warning signs will come before the explosion. With how large they are you would expect plenty of warning but it just isn't known.

@vortex_un 2 года назад

probably some unfortunate next generation of humans will see the predictions on social media

@neo-didact9285 2 года назад

Mt Tambora was the largest eruptiom in modern history, a low-end VEI-7, so it is close enough to give us an idea. It started showing signs of awakening at a time with little to no geologic instruments in 1812, and had its climactic eruption in the first quarter of 1815, so 3 years for that. I'd say nearly 4 years from normal activity levels to supereruption could be a reasonable average, but it depends and could come much sooner or later than that due to other factors.

@caiolucas8257 2 года назад

It depends on which volcano, but a lot of times the signs are very obvious. We can point to the last upper level eruptions such as Pinatubo, Krakatoa and Tambora, all 3 showed signs of activity. Ground deformation has mostly been a thing(Campi Flegrei, Uturuncu, Iwo Jima), but active fumaroles and increased seismic activity has also been present. Also keep in mind other natural phenomena that may or may not be a factor such as rising sea levels(Santorini) and typhoons(Pinatubo). There has also been upticks in activity that DID NOT result in an eruption, Campi Flegrei got several evactions, the same goes for Long Valley Caldera so the aforementioned signs are not a certainty of an eruption, they're just signs that it could erupt.

@mikewolosz9456 2 года назад

I love this channel

@johnrottler4000 Год назад

This is a Good What if Video although I would have to wonder what the Effects of a MASSIVE Super Eruption occurring today like the ones that first occurred at Wah Wah Springs or La Garita millions of years ago

@beylie1387 2 года назад

Would really love for you to discuss Mount Taranaki close to New Plymouth in New Zealand. My sister and her family stay really close to it and would love for them (and us) to understand the risks (or lack thereof) better.

@iantojones4322 2 года назад

Would the tsunami generated be limited to Alaska? I'd think an eruption of that magnitude would cause a Pacific Oceanwide tsunami. Oh and thank you for just saying tsunami, instead of "tsunami wave"! (-nami translates as wave)

@Aryon1969 2 года назад

Curious how much different would the affects (if at all) be if an eruption of the same size but in the red form like seen in Iceland. I know Laki was a large eruption by volume but since it was over such a long timespan is that why it was so much less life threatening than what is explained here?

@parajacks4 2 года назад

Considering the remoteness of this hypothetical volcano, I find this somewhat terrifying.

@apgarcia2909 2 года назад

Here in the US we have a saying about politicians, never let a chrisis go to waste, So I see politicians trying to get as much power as possible even if it means sacrificing their people. Politicians are people too with needs too.

@psalmerperena4120 2 года назад

In one of your previous videos, you said the super eruption of the Turkey Creek Caldera is 500 km³ in volume and is a VEI 7. Is this a different eruption from the same volcano at 0:45?

@maxpower19711 2 года назад

Can you do a video on the effects of a hypothetical VEI 7 eruption of Iwo Jima?

@RedTideRTS 2 года назад

With that said, you should do a video on large volcanic eruptions vs where they’re situated on the earth and how that affects climate. I’ve seen content that points to Southern Hemisphere eruptions having more effects on the climate than those in the north.

@StuffandThings_ 2 года назад

Tropical eruptions are usually the worst as there's more water vapour to react with the sulfur and the ash can more easily spread to both hemispheres. My bigger concern would be about how the volcano would affect supply chains, in which case a volcano that could potentially destabilize a manufacturing powerhouse could be far more devastating. I'd imagine a large eruption from the western Pacific could be really, _really_ bad for both of those factors.

@sbclaridge 2 года назад

@@StuffandThings_ Definitely... there's plenty of areas in the tropics where subduction zones exist, especially in southeast Asia and its environs. The main volcanic arc in Indonesia (from Sumatra over towards the Banda Arc) would be the prime suspect here, but there are other locations to consider as well. Central America and northern South America also have active volcanic arcs, with several calderas already present in Central America. The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt seems to (mostly) lack calderas, but (from my amateur understanding) this volcanic arc could, over geologic time, shift towards an ignimbrite flare-up with large caldera-forming eruptions. As it is, the TMVB does not parallel the trench because of flat-slab subduction, and the subducting slab is currently steepening, which is a known cause of ignimbrite flare-ups. There is already a notable caldera in the easternmost part of the TMVB (Los Humeros) and areas of rhyolite volcanism exist in the adjacent Serdán-Oriental volcanic field; there is also a rhyolite volcano with a caldera just outside of Guadalajara (La Primavera). Fortunately, this transition (should it occur) is something that occurs over geologic timescales, so a supereruption in Mexico (or anywhere for that matter) is not something we should worry about, but if we could travel through time and come back in a few million years... While not a subduction zone, large caldera-forming eruptions have also occurred along parts of the East African Rift as well.

@guidedmeditation2396 2 года назад

The earth's magnetic core is swapping ends. This creates pressure points in the molten lava between the core and the crust. Expect many large eruptions and quakes and EMP storms to come. Its all natural like clockwork. Nobody is angry and nobody is to blame.

@thecatfather857 2 года назад

You think you could make a second version of this video featuring a time lapse of all the events depicted?

@seigneurjesuistoipshaw.5359 2 года назад

I actually did like and agree with your hypothesis! 👁🙏❤️

@Jim_n_the_wilds 2 года назад

Alot more informative than riddles video on the same topic.

@janisgallagher2722 11 месяцев назад

8:55edt Excellent description. Totally tanked my idea that we might get by without a major climatic disaster in this "low end " super eruption scenario even with the current level of global warming. Well, I'll just add this to my list of things to worry about. Sigh.........

@markshepardsongs 2 года назад

Well... this was a cheery one wasn't it? LOL thanks for what you do!

@escapevelocity6185 2 года назад

good stuff

@Master-AGN 2 года назад

Excellent video, pity the albedo effect wasn’t mentioned. Since snow melts ground up it would be cold for a long long time.

@katgrey6239 6 месяцев назад

Very interesting and scary!

@Mostly_Harmless99 2 года назад

The pronuniation of Carlisle is “Car-LYLE” like the city in England. Mazatlan is pronounced “Mah-zat-LAN” FYI.

@psalmerperena4120 2 года назад

I noticed that geologists tend to disagree with which volcanoes should be considered "super". Some argue volcanoes are only considered a supervolcano if they had produced an eruption on a VEI 8 scale or are believed to be capable of producing one in the future. Others consider volcanoes that had produced medium or large VEI 7 eruptions as supervolcanoes as well. I think I would agree with the latter based on what I've seen in this video. Among the volcanoes that produced VEI 7 eruptions, the smaller ones like Tambora looked more like an oversized VEI 6 eruption with considerably greater climatic effects but the local and regional effects are still comparable to VEI 6 ones. Even Krakatoa's 1883 eruption, which is a VEI 6, was arguably just as violent and energetic as Tambora's despite producing much less volcanic material. Meanwhile, medium and large VEI 7 eruptions produced by the likes of Campi Flegrei, the calderas from Kyushu, Japan, and this one look borderline super eruptions in terms of violence and their effects in the environment especially in the local and regional scale and they are pretty much large explosive calderas just like Yellowstone and Taupo. I find it ridiculous that a volcano for example could produce an explosive eruption let's say 900 km³ in volume but not be considered a supervolcano because it barely missed VEI 8 range but the effects of such an eruption would probably be not so different from a small VEI 8 eruption. VEI 8 or not, such an eruption is just way, way too far different from the typical volcanic eruptions we are accustomed to.

@Circe-nx5zs 2 года назад

Really well written summary of the difference between ordinary eruptions and eruptions from caldera systems. The difference seems to be in how each type of volcano erupts according to a 2014 paper by Carrichi et. al. An ordinary volcano erupts when an injection of new magma into the magma chamber creates pressure that then triggers an eruption. With caldera systems the magma chamber is too large to be pressurized by new magma. Eruptions occur instead when the magma chamber becomes buoyant enough to rise through the crust to the surface. I do not know if this applies only to VEI 8 eruptions or also to mid to high level VEI 7 eruptions. The paper's title is called "Frequency and magnitude of volcanic eruptions controlled by magma injection and buoyancy".

@ChicagoMadisonWesternRR 2 года назад

Volcanic activity in New Mexico would be an interesting topic. For example, the volcano structures near Shiprock and Newcomb.

@Rucuz 2 года назад

Great Job. - people dont know how dangerous this is, but also its going to happen, just a matter of when.

@AuLumity_idol_is_GawrGura 2 года назад

The effect might depend, depending on what location, if its way inland, no tsunami unless if its near coast.

@Sakanero 2 года назад

Wow. And that's just a more remote option. Imagine how much worse would it be if it were somewhere on the mainland. Good video.

@matthewbooth9265 2 года назад

If it was on the mainland, it wouldn't produce the tsunami at least. The immediate death toll would be higher but overall the deaths that follow from starvation and war would probably be more or less the same. It's that 30 odd years of climate chaos that it causes that will likely kill billions of humans.

@LossyLossnitzer 2 года назад

if the supervolcano was to hit in the winter what would the tsunami do to the polar ice cap, would it crumble like a ice breaker had ripped through it all?

@goldassayer93555 2 года назад

Your and optimist to expect the Geologic service to notice and warn people to leave the region. the Tonga Geologic Service stated that the recent tonga volcanic eruption was over just 4 days before its VEI 5 eruption.

@erinjackson6243 2 года назад

The Tonga volcano didn't have any monitoring equipment on it, so they weren't able to accurately assess what was going on.

@goldassayer93555 2 года назад

Hi Erin Thanks for reading my comment. There is video of Tonga Geologic Society personnel in a boat just off shore from the volcano some time before it exploded. They were monitoring it well enough to declare that the eruption was over 4 days before it blew. So clearly the science of volcanology is not up to the level where it can predict exploding volcanoes since they were not capable of predicting that this eruption was ended.

@TsunamiVolcanoes Год назад

You should do an animation about the Cleveland Mega Eruption It will be cool! and its was very interesting.

@RANDYandJHERI 2 года назад

I watched this and pretended Kip from Napoleon Dynamite was reading to me. Made it even better.

@cdon2day 2 года назад

I was just looking at one of my skylights that is in my direct line of view most often, and there is distinctly some ash on it for the last couple days that has likely come from the Tonga eruption. I live on a British Columbia southwest coastal island.

@P-G-77 2 года назад

It is really inconceivable to think that an eruption could "shoot" upwards almost 6000 km^3 of material ... like a sci-fi disaster movie ... instead it is absolutely real and possible. About 6000 is a number that gives us no idea ... something obscene.

@NGC-catseye 2 года назад

A very interesting scenario indeed 😺

@brettneuberger6466 2 года назад

Sounds like it could create some great skiing for a few years. The western US could definitely use some more snow! Mama always said to look on the bright side.

@ericmcconnaughey2782 2 года назад

And isn't that a cheery thought.

@alcyonecrucis 2 года назад

Great video lol

@Eric_Hutton.1980 2 года назад

We'd be up the creek without a paddle.

@totallyfakefakename4664 2 года назад

Sweet Relief

@gg.1739 3 месяца назад

I wonder just how loud that explosion would be. Would it be more than Krakatoa? I'd imagine so. If a volcano like Krakatoa could produce a sound so loud that people in Madagascar could hear it when the eruption took place in Indonesia, I'd imagine the noise an eruption this huge would produce a noise so loud that half the people on earth would hear it. People within 50 miles would probably be killed due to the enormous shockwave the eruption would produce. It would be so loud that it would break the definition of noise. It would be less of a sound and more like standing right next to the volcano.

@crawfordsmith3700 2 года назад

I watched almost all of this presentation.

@m.o.m.basiclifeskills2986 2 года назад

This is better than the MT. St. Helen scenario

@SmallWonda 2 года назад

Yup - it wouldn't be pretty for sure. I think the ash is worth explaining, further, - as with the La Palma eruption I hadn't realized ash was so awful until Bushcraft Bear explained once the ash gets wet or damp, it becomes almost like concrete, getting very heavy & I guess pretty caustic... We'd have something to complain about should one of these blow... Thanks for explaining...

@arnarninson4413 2 года назад

I smell a squeal to Mad Maxx Fury Road coming!!!! Can’t wait!! Gonna start picking out “My Breaders” now to get a jump on it!!!

@SevereWeatherCenter 4 месяца назад

Also, if that happened, we would have five years of bye-bye global warming, followed by a return to what would be typical of pre-industrial weather patterns, as temperatures would be dropping back to a similar temperature. If this eruption happens in the spring, we would have a mild winter in the US, followed by a very cold, spring and summer, with the next winter, being very cold and snowy and another cold spring and summer. Why? Because in 2014, and in 1815 two unique things occurred, you had a positive AO, following significant amount of sulfuric aerosol injection into the polar stratosphere due to the arctic being cooled. Significantly this allowed for the polar vortex to be very strong, allowing for milder than normal temperatures in the lower 48 yet even though 2020 was one of the least snow is winter in New York City history with the winter of 2022 to 2023 now breaking that Record, New York City saw snow on May 9, which tied an all-time record for 1977 same day ironically too. Yet the pattern of 1976 to 1977 was different as a winter was very cold and snowy. This was a taste of “without a summer” because of the Arctic oscillation being negative with there, still being some sulfuric aerosol injection. This VI for err eruption at RAIKOKE, was very sulfur, rich for only a VEI for imagine if it was a six. There were volcanic sunsets for months after that VEI-4 and it got me hopped up for a cold and snowy winter but had I read the analog from 1815 to 1816 I would’ve known otherwise

@DavidOfWhitehills 2 года назад

Well that was cheery.

@karlmarxii1898 2 года назад

Flood basalt eruptions would be even worse. They were theorized to have contributed to the catastrophic end of Permian extinction event.

@petersmythe6462 2 года назад

This scenario is basically as optimistic as it gets. Put the Volcano in Yellowstone or somewhere and the damage is dramatically more severe, with entire areas made non-arable. Increase it to 1000 cubic kilometers and the volcanic winter gets much worse.

@adriantheo7654 2 года назад

Yes but it will never happen. Not in hundreds of thousands of years.

@hillvalley6716 2 года назад

Any chance of looking into Tasmania’s volcanic history? Thanks.

@rileymobley9570 2 года назад

I’ve got an interesting question: Is it possible for a volcano to literally launch rock and ash into space(not deep space, just past the Kármán line), and if so, have any eruptions that we can document been that massive?

@Daneelro 2 года назад

The answer to the second question is a definite no: no eruption plume rising above 50 km has been measured or calculated.

@nothuman3083 2 года назад

@@Daneelro ancient ones did, the Permian event launch love bombs intercontinental, it rained cement over the planet

@LadyAnuB 2 года назад

The question here is can a magmatic object stay together in one piece long enough to reach such a height?

@LemonLadyRecords 2 года назад

@@LadyAnuB I would think that lava bombs would shatter from the massive temp change to intense cold, while traveling up the atmosphere, along with the physical stresses. I wonder how far up the ash/tephra left from that (mostly ash) would make it, as shattering would send the pieces outward as well as slightly upward, but they might get pretty high, esp if they did so before shattering. I'm not an expert, but very interesting to think about and calculate how high they were they got before shattering, and after.