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The Throttle Body Injection (TBI) system uses one or two injection valves mounted in a throttle body assembly. The injectors spray fuel onto the top of the throttle body air horn. The TBI fuel spray mixes with the air flowing through the air horn. The mixture is then drawn into the engine by the intake manifold vacuum. The throttle body injection assembly typically consists of the following: throttle body housing, fuel injectors, fuel pressure regulator, throttle positioner, throttle position sensor, and throttle plates.
The THROTTLE BODY housing, like a carburetor body, is bolted to the pad on the intake manifold. It houses the metal castings that hold the injectors, fuel pressure regulator and throttle plates. Throttle plates are located at the bottom of the body. A linkage or cable connects the throttle plates with the accelerator pedal. An inlet fuel line and an outlet return line connect to fittings in the body.
Fuel Supply
Fuel is supplied to the throttle body injection system by an electric fuel pump located in the fuel tank. This pump provides fuel pressure in sufficient volume to meet the engine's fuel needs under all load conditions. Injector pressures range from 13 to 16 psi (low pressure system) or 35 to 60 psi (high pressure system) and are kept constant by the fuel pressure regulator. The fuel pressure regulator is a vacuum operated diaphragm so that during cold start operation maximum fuel pressure and volume is supplied. Once the engine starts and manifold vacuum is available, the diaphragm opens a valve and allows unused fuel to return to the tank.
air delivery
Air is supplied to the engine through the throttle valve. This throttle valve works like the throttle valve on a carburetor - as the throttle is opened, more air can enter the engine. Where the throttle body injector differs from the carburetor is in the idle control area. Instead of calibrated passages, the injection system uses a motorized idle air control (IAC) valve. This valve is actually a computer controlled vacuum leak. To increase idle speed, the valve opens to allow more air in. To slow down the idle, the valve closes to allow less air into the engine.
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18 дек 2022
