What Was Liberalism? #2 Capitalism & History | Philosophy Tube

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A 4-part series about liberalism. In this episode, what capitalism is, how capitalism and liberalism are linked, and how the English Civil War led to John Locke.
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Recommended Reading for this Series:
Adam Smith - The Wealth of Nations: tinyurl.com/y9z9eulq
Anievas & Nisanciolglu - How the West Came to Rule: tinyurl.com/y7bwfkph
Anna Leszkiewicz - www.newstatesman.com/politics/...
Bart Schultz, “Mill and Sidgwick, Imperialism and Racism”
Carl Schmitt - Political Theology: tinyurl.com/y82t5zfz
Contrapoints - “Debating the Alt-Right” • Video
Daniel Kahneman - Thinking, Fast and Slow: tinyurl.com/ycbxfdby
David Goldman - “Liberalism’s Limits”
David Harvey - A Brief History of Neoliberalism: tinyurl.com/yas8848t
Eric Williams - Capitalism & Slavery: tinyurl.com/hh8xfn3
Falguni Sheth - Toward A Political Philosophy of Race: tinyurl.com/y97yhmkj
Gerrard Winstanley - The True Levellers Standard Advanced www.marxists.org/reference/ar...
Helene Shugart - Heavy: tinyurl.com/y7pmkkcl
Herman & Chomsky - Manufacturing Consent: tinyurl.com/y8cyx8hh
J.S. Mill - On Liberty: tinyurl.com/y9enoj9t
J.S. Mill, “A Few Words on Non-Intervention”: tinyurl.com/6xohku
James Tully - “Rediscovering America”
John Locke - Two Treatises of Government: tinyurl.com/y9nl5u7w
Karl Marx - Capital: tinyurl.com/yatp3yk7
Kwame Ture - Stokely Speaks: tinyurl.com/ybwqp98g
Mark Tunick, “Tolerant Imperialism,” in The Review of Politics
Michael Sandel - What Money Can’t Buy: tinyurl.com/ybrhbt7p
Nick Srnicek & Alex Williams, Inventing the Future: tinyurl.com/y85hc8fu
Paul Mason - Postcapitalism: tinyurl.com/yaolston
TheLitCritGuy’s Tweetstorms on Neoliberalism: / 731923750975852544 , / 732294461741514752 , and / 732881387137699840
Vladimir Lenin - Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism: tinyurl.com/ybxbbkph
W.H. Auden & Christopher Isherwood - On the Frontier: tinyurl.com/ycdu29n6
Music by Epidemic Sound (Epidemicsound.com)
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28 сен 2017

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Комментарии : 694

@OblivionHelena 5 лет назад

Speaking as an Irish person, it's always good to see someone acknowledge how much of a monster Cromwell was.

@lexiibattwitch 3 года назад

Yes. Genocidal bastard

@MechanicaMenace 3 года назад

As an English person with Irish parents I've got to ask... does anybody not do?

@thegreatestchigone5813 2 года назад

@@MechanicaMenace even as an Englishman I and everyone I knew regarded him as a horrific extremist who may have helped England but was terrible (king of like the English Hitler)

@MechanicaMenace 2 года назад

@@thegreatestchigone5813 exactly my point. Nobody looks at Cromwell and goes "good guy." *EVERYONE* thinks he was a monster and acknowledges it.

@Jesus420.69 Год назад

Cromwell did nothing wrong.

@MideoKuze 6 лет назад

my best friend is named after Oliver Cromwell long story short we're both anarchists now

@MegaBanne 4 года назад

lol

@ThatOneGuy7550 4 года назад

BASED AND BREADPILLED

@unpoppablebubble 4 года назад

@@ThatOneGuy7550 oh hey its that one guy!

@KArchine 3 года назад

@@unpoppablebubble Scott pilgrim reference? I hope so!

@gazelle1467 5 лет назад

In school we were literally taught that Cromwell was a hero who overthrew the monarchy and that was it. I had no idea about anything else he did, good or bad.

@TreeHairedGingerAle 4 года назад

That is by design.

@kjj26k 4 года назад

Well that is not a good thing.

@cocothesocialist3690 4 года назад

Tobo McLukewarm haha lol

@lopez.jacinto.6726 4 года назад

@@bothi00 Mexican here... Fuck Cromwell.

@Tetraglot 3 года назад

In America we were taught that Cromwell was a dictator

@HxH2011DRA 6 лет назад

The Diggers are underratted

@PhilosophyTube 6 лет назад

Right?!

@HxH2011DRA 6 лет назад

Philosophy Tube you know I still get massively shocked whenever a youtuber replies to me XD

@SpuTalks 6 лет назад

I dig it 👍

@LackingSaint 6 лет назад

+The Hunter x Hunter 2011 Dickriding Association Is Gon a libertarian?

@DominateNG 6 лет назад

I'll have to be THAT guy: Is this an intended Pun? because I think it is a great one.

@cjayhay 4 года назад

"...really, the economic system we have now is an *example* of capitalism. We're interested in what capitalism fundamentally *is*." o hai Socrates

@z0x 2 года назад

I'd like to know how your comment is relevant to socrates, i am geniuinely curious. Thanks.

@ThePementaloaf 5 лет назад

Ollie isn’t even using 1% of his power in this video

@conorb6281 6 лет назад

"commit attrocities in northern ireland" Northern Ireland wasnt in existence back then, it also was the whole island of ireland as opposed to the north of it that suffered under cromwell. see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland

@PhilosophyTube 6 лет назад

Fair cop!

@docp92 6 лет назад

Although I agree with you on 95% of the video, I would say the real phenomenon who actually triggered the emergence and consolidation of capitalism as the true economic dominant system was the French, and not the English, revolution. In the French Revolution we see the actual revolutionary class, the Bourgeoisie, was the one that crippled the traditional dominant feudal class and made profound and deep changes in the society of the time. In the English revolution, although yes we saw a deep profound change, it was limited to a political spectrum. Yes, it is undeniable that England became the first modern State of the world, however no profound change was made in society because the same class kept control of the political and productive instrument. After the French Revolution we see Britain at the highest of its colonial rule and the consolidation fo capitalism at the Industrial Revolution. GREAT VIDEO BY THE WAY!

@VelMa-opinion 5 лет назад

The enclosure of commons was absolutely stealing just as much as fencing a public park owned by the city without permission and starting to charge admission while still expecting city employed park workers to care for it. The Diggers and Levellers were my heroes! Anarcho-syndicalism or death!

@gavinhillick 5 лет назад

I appreciate the explicit acknowledgement of how Cromwell treated Irish people, but it wasn't just in what we now call Northern Ireland.

@AbadSebastian 6 лет назад

You won my heart with that Pink Floyd reference.

@arnoldkotlyarevsky383 6 лет назад

Really well done! Your videos are always so clean and easy to understand. I really appreciate this series. I eagerly anticipate the next installment. Thank you from across the pond.

@gingerkaddo 4 года назад

The first half of the video is like everything you need to know of "The Capital" by Marx basically - only that its 4min instead of a whole book series

@stateofexception9316 4 года назад

Philosophy tube, I shall remain grateful to your ever for this simplified yet nuanced explanation of things. I'm a student of Sociology, and your channel has played an important role in conceptual clarity of liberalism and many such topics. Sending you love and regards from Indian occupied Kashmir.(not sure if you have ever heard of the place) 🙂

@shnglbot 6 лет назад

1:30 You're misusing the term profit and this results in a factual error at 1:39. Profit is what’s left after paying all expenses, including wages. So the capitalist doesn’t sell the chair for profit. They exchange it for money and then use only some of that money to pay wages, keeping the rest as profit. So you're wrong that “the wages are always less than the total profit”. Because let’s say you sell the chair for $50, the wood cast $20 and the labor/wages $20, the profit is $10, which is less than the wages. What you meant is that the wages are always less than the value created.

@im19ice3 4 года назад

this is the most important history lesson i never got from school. it literally explains how monarchy can end and leave society just as divided and oppressed

@matthewheimbecker9055 6 лет назад

I really liked the structure of this episode. This is a great series so far. Keep it up.

@enfercesttout 6 лет назад

diggers are the wisdom of humanity.

@enfercesttout 6 лет назад

everything would be easier if capitalists let go of the mask and turn it into a full fledged demi-god-shaman-capitalist-rich worshipping religion. they define themselves "individuals" so there's a new terms of rule less obvious in it's totalitarian nature. in the good old days loyalist poor knew what they gave up on and looked for heaven as the payment of this exhange. now, it's "what if i get the change to exploit people too", poor are accomplices.

@superresistant0 5 лет назад

@@enfercesttout wtf does that even mean. The echo chamber is strong

@LisaBeergutHolst 5 лет назад

Actually I think hunter-gatherers probably understand more wisely how to be happy, free, and to live in harmony with the world.

@niclasjohansson5992 4 года назад

@@LisaBeergutHolst I'd guess their lives were also quite shit

@voxomnes9537 4 года назад

@@LisaBeergutHolst I "dig" the anarcho-primitivism, I do.

@FwendlyMushwoom 5 лет назад

Lol, the image you used for the English Civil War is from a German 30 Years War reenactment. I recognized the Palatinate flag... Great video, but that made me laugh.

@Pfhorrest 6 лет назад

I like to phrase a definition of capitalism thus: capitalism is any system whereby owning more than other people is in and of itself (somehow or another) a source of income; or conversely, where owning less than other people in and of itself (somehow or another) costs you. The wage labor scenario you (and Marx) describe is one "somehow or another", but I'd argue that that, and all of capitalism, really boils down to one core feature: rent, including interest which is just rent on money. If you don't have enough capital to live and work and survive yourself, you have to borrow it from someone who has more than you, and if they can charge you for that, then you have to work even more to fund both that and your own survival, while they have to work equivalently less. Why would the wage laborers possibly put up with being paid less than the actual value they are producing? Because they don't have any other alternatives: they are in debt just by living, because they have to borrow a place to live and to work, and the equipment needed to work, or else money with which to buy a place to live and work and the equipment to do that work. The whole wage labor scenario Marx goes on about is only a consequence of the usury which is the core of capitalism, and the last vestige of feudalism still remaining today: there's a reason they're called land-LORDS. Capitalism is just post-industrial feudalism, the same social arrangements at a different tech level where there are more kinds of capital than arable land.

@Pfhorrest 6 лет назад

Oh and I guess I left off the bottom line: get rid of rent (including interest) and you could have a free market that was not capitalist. In fact, I would argue that a market with capitalism in effect is by definition not free, as the extraction of rents leveraged by different amounts of capital possessed constitutes a form of coercion, much like having a gun pointed at your head makes the "choice" to hand over your wallet or not, not such a choice at all.

@enfercesttout 6 лет назад

david graeber basically follows this logic in his works.

@mats1456 6 лет назад

Would a government be able to exist in a system where economic rent does not exist? who would be able to enforce such a system?

@zelenisok 6 лет назад

Capitalism is a system characterized by capitalist relations, they being wage-labor and property income (dividends, interest, rent, royalties), a pretty simple definition from classical economics, and from original (pre-marxist) socialism, which, imo, nicely captures the general intuition people have on the basis of which they will or will not consider some person a capitalist. Marx, if you read chapters 4, 5, and 6 of Capital vol 1, had some weird view about how exploitation can't exist outside the workplace, because trades even out across the economy, and "surplus value" is produced only in production, not in circulation, so according to him capitalism is found strictly in wage-labor, and rent and interest are secondary. To be precise about it, capitalism is not just post-industrial feudalism, wage-labor is renting of other people's labor, ie buying and selling of labor hours, property income is changing people for their use of something you own, whereas feudalism is ownership of other people's labor, the oath of fealty through which one became a serf was as a contract of transferring the ownership of one's labor throughout one's life to another person.

@projectmalus 6 лет назад

All of these isms seem to prey on weakness of the individual, whether it's an economic disadvantage or a sort of want or neediness. Owning their land, or having control of it, would go a long way towards eliminating this since the cost of living can be minimized ie having a garden, off grid power, car share, co-op buying power etc in an eco village framework. This frees the individual from the hard scrabble life to become more creative, and educated through channels like this one (thanks Ollie!) which is such a win-win situation. Why can't we use our collective buying power to form a land buying corporation, non- profit, which sets up eco villages? In Eastern Canada 200 acres can be had for $65k, and it's less than a half hour drive from town. This includes sales tax and lawyer fees. What's stopping us?

@Yt-jc5sj 5 лет назад

5:23 "OH MY GOD! The king is DEAD!" *cue Hoslt's: Mars bringer of war"* hehehe that was fun

@emilymoran9152 5 лет назад

The common land (at least in England) WAS considered the property of the Lord in the feudal period. However, Lords rarely sold their land voluntarily, and were considered to have certain obligations to the people who lived on it (who, if they were serfs, were not allowed to leave that land). The farmed land was divided up into long strips scattered across the property that "belonged" to different peasant families. Other land used for pasture or forest or which was considered low value for farming could be used by any of the peasants (including those without allocated strips of land) in various ways governed by tradition or common law (which derived from traditions). Peasants often paid rent for their cottages to the Lord, those these rents were low compared to later periods. The division of farming land into long strips was relatively fair (most families had some land to grow food on, and the shape meant it wasn't all either good or bad land) but it made implementing some productivity-boosting agricultural techniques (such as crop rotation) harder. So starting as early as the 1200s (but mostly after 1600), land owners (who came to include merchant families and other proto-capitalists as well as hereditary lords) began to look for legal permission to consolidate land. Usually the use to which they wanted to put that land required fewer workers and so would involve kicking peasants out. Many thousands of such "inclosure acts" were passed by Parliament, and they mostly required landowners to pay a substantial compensation to the peasants for the loss of their traditional rights. As a result, at the time a lot of poor farmers supported these acts - the potential downsides were only realized by a few. The commonness of wage labor had also been increasing over this period, as towns and the importance of non-agricultural parts of the economy grew (a serf who made it to at town and stayed unclaimed by their lord for over a year could usually not be forced to return). It got a real boost in the aftermath of the black death, as labor was in short supply and workers discovered they now had negotiating power. But the greater the proportion of workers who had to be paid, the more landowners had a financial incentive to cut the number of workers. In any case, all these various factors did fuel the transition from feudalism to capitalism. Better sources coming if I have the time, but wikipedia version reflects what I've read in multiple other books: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclosure_Acts en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consequences_of_the_Black_Death

@lindenstromberg6859 4 года назад

The shortest definition of the core of capitalism is just three characters representing two words: M - C - M M = Money C = Commodity Capitalism is taking money - exchanging it for a commodity - and exchange that commodity for more money.

@atashikokoni Год назад

You also need to add that there's only one commodity that can be sold for more than the value it's bought at: labour power. Otherwise the nature of capitalism is still hidden. If commodities can be reliably sold at 10 percent above their value, then when the capitalist, Mr Moneybags, buys commodity A, he buys it at 10 percent above it's value. When he sells it, he sells it at 10 percent above its value and ends up with no profit. If he wants to make a profit, he has to find a commodity that can produce value that exceeds what he pays for it. Luckily, there is such a commodity for sale: labour power. The capitalist buys tools, raw materials and labor power at their cost, which is equal to their value. But when the workers apply their labour power to the raw materials and tools, they produce a product that exceeds the value of its inputs. This surplus value is kept by the capitalist when he sells the product. Thus, the process becomes M C M' or money commodity money delta. Where delta is the profit. Where no profit is produced, the money used isn't capital. Capitalism requires profit. Therefore it requires the extraction of surplus value from workers through wage labour

@Kritikanbringer 2 месяца назад

@@atashikokoni You don't seem to grasp the value added by the capital put into a prlductive process, as well as the value put in by the employer who produces more efficiently as a random person without any knowledge in that branch of the economy...

@IsaacDavis69 6 лет назад

This is literally such a fantastic video. Sharing with my comrades.

@Sapfu100 6 лет назад

Olly swore! Has he done that before? This is like, Olly with 'tude. I like it :D

@jimmynyarlathotep6857 5 лет назад

So, the thing about common land in medieval England is that it wasn’t free for everyone for everything. A lot of common land was divvied out into parcels for people of a given area, and even if you had theoretical access, you could be squeezed out by other commoners.

@nullset560 6 лет назад

Olly do an entire episode about all the fascinating groups like the diggers and levellers! Also it's atrocities in most of Ireland!, Fun fact I can see the results of the Down land survey online that Cromwell enacted after his conquest of Ireland and see the land my family farmed on being redistributed to new planters. It's pretty neat.

@javierlarreina 6 лет назад

That PINK FLOYD reference

@Crispman_777 6 лет назад

Now we play the waiting game (for people who think that this is a jab at their political beliefs)... Ok I'm bored let's play Hungry Hungry Hippos!

@KarateExplodo 6 лет назад

Interesting and uniquely framed, as always! The history of the Liberal ideology is a real sticky wicket, and the project of deconstructing its flaws is one of the most stressful jobs in political and economic philosophy today. Super jazzed for the next part!

@famaral42 2 года назад

Really enjoying the way you convey information. Started with JP one. Now watching theses series on liberalism, Marx, etc...

@1spitfirepilot 5 лет назад

A first rate exposition. Well done.

@cody8611 6 лет назад

Your entire channel is so intelligent. Thanks comrade.

@AnarchoTak 6 лет назад

Benni B nice bullshit fabrication And slurring of homosexuality as it has anything to do with communism..

@Ciph3rzer0 5 лет назад

@Benni B china is an authoritarian oligarchy. It's not communist at all

@daisy3869 4 года назад

@Benni B Seems like you can't handle differing ideas from someone you don't even knlw without immediately assuming and then insulting their appearance and sexuality. Or without assuming they're a hippie who has never done any "hard work." You're insults reveal how typical and simple your worldview is.

@gaddaffilastname4532 6 лет назад

Great video, it was very intelligent, and it raised some interesting questions. This side of the story is not taught in schools for a reason. Can you make a video about different anarchist economic systems? And what is your current political tendency?

@ShawnRavenfire 6 лет назад

When you mentioned the Diggers, I expected the clip to be the Monty Python scene with Dennis talking back to King Arthur.

@dunn0r 5 лет назад

"Help, help, I'm being repressed!"

@wout4yt 5 лет назад

witness the violence inherent to the system

@LordMirdalan 6 лет назад

Your definition of ideology as a "justifier of violence" is for me a new way of seeing and concretize what an ideology is, it does give a new way to examine what the substance of an ideology is. However I believe that many people would argue that ideology is more than the justification of violence, or see this definition as a very extreme one. Many would argue that ideology would primarily be about the distribution of resources, the structure of a society etc and of course you could absolutely connect this to the control of violence especially since in this channel and Idea Channel you've discussed violence as the 'removal of choice'.

@ijousha 6 лет назад

Looking forward to Gary Edwards critique of part 2.

@skyclaw 4 года назад

Historia Civilis is doing an interesting series on the Wars of the Three Kingdoms just now-a good complement to what Olly says in this video.

@matttucker3 6 лет назад

Very insightful thanks Ollie!! 😁👍🏼👍🏼

@eljestLiv 5 лет назад

fuck, i love your choice of music. pink floyd and gustav holst, can't get much better than that!

@BandEater 5 лет назад

Thanks for this! I am definitely watching that Winstanley movie.

@Hadrojassic 6 лет назад

Great episode as always, but one small nitpick (because I know you were simplifyng) - the commander of Parliamentarian forces for the entirety of the First English Civil War was Lord Thomas Fairfax, not Cromwell.

@keepitsoggy 6 лет назад

Brilliant historical take - something that doesn't get talked about enough. I think many conversations about the advent of capitalism start far too late with the establishment of The New World leading to ideological conflict and the arguement over how 'natural' land ownership and private property is - completely ignoring the materialist and historical context

@juliadandy6019 4 года назад

The way Ollie says “poor”... ❣️

@upmayo100 4 года назад

6.59 As an Irishman, I love that this was mentioned

@faarsight 4 года назад

I think you're missing something important from the basic diagram of investment - labour - profit. Whoever is employing the workers to make the chairs doesn't do "nothing but provide the capital to buy the stuff needed to make the chair" they also sell them. A big part of the reason why people don't just make chairs themselves (apart from not being able to afford the necessary equipment to be as productive as necessary to compete) is that it can be really difficult to find a buyer for your product.

@atashikokoni Год назад

Lol no. Other workers sell the chairs. A separate investor class is unnecessary

@TimeStar20 4 года назад

I wonder, your format for this video is similar to those of Crash Course (i.e. the part at the end where you summarize what was discussed in the video). Are you a fan of theirs by any chance? Just curious. Otherwise, an excellent video!

@NaramSinofAkkad790 4 года назад

Seeing that Shakespeare book in the background is a trip.

@iggsolo 6 лет назад

Any good books about the English Civil War you would care to recommend?

@talytasbarcelos 6 лет назад

iggsolo look up for Christopher Hill

@skyclaw 4 года назад

By ‘statue’, do you mean the Oliver Cromwell Memorial Urinal?

@logwell1 6 лет назад

Hi, greetings from Brazil! I think it's important to say that wages are not always smaller then the total amount of profit, that is true only to well functioning businesses, and that is part of the reason that the owner of the means of production gets the added value to the product, because of the assumption of the risk. If things don't work out, he will be responsible for the losses, and will pay for them.

@AlexGoldhill 7 лет назад

Brilliant video Olly, loving this series so far. There's a book that I've only thus partly read called Liberalism: A Counter-History, by Domenico Losurdo, which I think covers a lot of this territory.It might be worth checking out?

@TheInteriktigt100 6 лет назад

Hey Olly! Great video, what else is to be expected from a great channel? Anyways, I have a small problem with how you present the shift from feudalism to capitalism. Claiming ownership of a piece of land along with the crops that grow on it and legitamizing that claim with threats of violence (thus being able to extract surplus value from those who no longer can sustain a nomadic lifestyle and have to work for the "king" of that land) seems to be in line with what you call "enclosure". The system wherein such behaviour is being perpetuated however, is what I recognize to be feudalism. You on the other hand seem to think that enclosure is at the core of the shift from feudalism to capitalism. I would instead like to claim that enclosure is a key feature of feudalism and capitalism simply works as a contniuation of this phenomenon. I may have missed the point or otherwise misunderstood you, so I would be glad to see you comment on this. Thanks for the lovely videos! - a fan ::::******

@SandhillCrane42 4 года назад

I think of capitalism as an economic system in which the medium of exchange is valued over what it buys for the sake of its convertibility. Would you rather have a 5 dollar sandwich, or 5 dollars? There are... consequences. Of course, the potential for reward is what makes my dopamine flow, not the ultimately dissatisfying moment of consumption. The money is always worth more than what it buys, because it has one value, whereas the purchases have many that can be transposed and magnified through money.

@_infinitedomain 6 лет назад

This is so gooddd

@ernststravoblofeld 5 лет назад

I wish people wouldn't conflate capitalism with markets. You can have a fully anarchist system of worker coops, with markets. And rich people can own the means of production and distribute goods through a central authority. They are separate concepts.

@Scott123180 6 лет назад

Great video!

@mathieuleader8601 6 лет назад

ooh time whimey a comment from 2 months ago

@jelleverest 6 лет назад

I really agree with you, exceptions are very bad in liberalism, and I'm so glad we got those out of the system!

@RadioFreeHammerhal 6 лет назад

I find it interesting that you continually mention the whiteness of the wealthy people in power. At that point in history, my understanding is that non-whites really didn't make up a significant portion of the British population - as you yourself pointed out, it wasn't until after the British Civil War that the slave trade really picked up a lot of steam. I would be curious to know what the breakdown was of those wealthy classes into a more granular analysis of their ethnicity, rather than blanketly referring to people as "white." For example, The Celts, the Welsh, people of Germanic descent, people whose family lineage was connected to prominent figures in the Roman Empire during the period of time when Britania was a part of Rome, etc. Just throwing some ideas out there. I feel like you skip over a lot of the nuance of the racial and ethnic issue, because although pretty much all of the rich people were white... the poor people were too. So really, you're putting a modern overlay of racial identity issues onto a period of time when the racial landscape was significantly different.

@mats1456 6 лет назад

for the British isles it is true that it is mostly populated by 'white' races, where their power was seated. However The British did have colonies, colonies which where where a lot of which where Indian, Irish, or black. I think Olly may be referring to the people in the colonies, which did not have a say about their governance.

6 лет назад

Just shut the fuck up.

@OzymandiasFGC 6 лет назад

Seán O'Nilbud Oh yes I agree, let's not let the man engage in debate on a philosophy channel. Makes fucking sense I guess.

@RadioFreeHammerhal 6 лет назад

I wasnt even really trying ro debate anything lol more of a sitiuation of seeing a generalizarion that isnt very useful and wanting more information. Also pointing out that Ollies biases are showing a bit by the way he is presenting the information.

@Crispman_777 6 лет назад

Paul Conti It's more in regards to the British power and influence over the British Empire's colonies I think, a good example in many cases being India.

@silverstar1305 6 лет назад

In the attempt of justifying an/our ideology that functions "like a veil of obviousness" (L. Althusser), we should consider our tendency towards "motivation reasoning" / "confirmation bias" and our lack of "negative capability". George Lakoff's "Strict Father - Nurturing Parent"-model sheds some light on the differences between the way conservatives and progressives perceive reality.

@baileymontgomerie9586 5 лет назад

@Philosophy Tube Was the Klezmer music (a cultural icon of the Ashkenazi Jews) when talking about dirty capitalist greed an accident or?

@mikelovett2389 5 лет назад

Oof, important question. I bet it's accidental but it still reinforces antisemitic tropes.

@vitre69 2 года назад

Funny how everything regarding greed here is very much correct and factual, but also the very same greed led us to here today. Reminder that ending slave trading was also an economic move from the north of the US, since they didn't need slaves quite as much and more people having more money to use on their stuff made them quite a bit of cash.

@imsh11 6 лет назад

In your definition of the basic capitalist relationship between classes (worker-owner, owner gets profit), where does product engineering fit in? Production engineering? Process engineering? According to your definition of ideology: ideology is that which defines what facts are important (and what actions are permissable). On what grounds did you determine that the facts that workers add value is important, but the fact that engineers do isn't? Why is it important that workers apply physical labor, but the fact that engineers design isn't, considering that engineering amounts to about 80% of the qualities of the finished product, yet is only about 5% of the cost?

@moribundmurdoch 5 лет назад

Couldst you make a video on consumer sovereignty [the situation in an economy where the desires and needs of consumers control the output of producers]?🙏🏻🥺

@WBWhiting 6 лет назад

What is the medieval English movie that you used the clip from?

@PhilosophyTube 6 лет назад

It's just called 'Winstanley.' And it isn't medieval, it was made in 1975 :P

@conorb6281 6 лет назад

are you going to respond to any of the videos about part 1

@moosgarden3451 6 лет назад

It would have been better to put more dates on the screen.Sometimes i just didn't know about what time you were talking about. It was a bit confusing. I know it was just a very short summary, but especially in such a dense video clarity is essential.

@ilanastrauss7510 4 года назад

Eh, I'm not convinced the English Civil War was such a big factor. Kings have been killed for thousands of years. Usually, they were replaced by other kings. So why was this time so different? (I don't actually know. Maybe the printing press?)

@thidios 6 лет назад

Oh...a anti-capitalist/liberalism english speaker?... If I am correct, may I ask your view on the alternatives to capitalism/liberalism problems? A question from one of your foreign subscribers

@gonzalogonzalez2585 5 лет назад

Was that Gustav Holst in the background? In the midway point?

@SeamasOS 6 лет назад

Great video Olly. Why though is the series called 'What Was Liberalism?'? Is it because you think Liberalism is dead or even evolving? Or some other reason. Also have you read Nick Clegg's book, I understand why you'd want I avoid it like the plague but he was surpringly candid in it about issues like Tuition Fees. I found it a pretty interesting read at least.

@kylelundgren5133 2 года назад

What is the title.

@johndavis9933 5 лет назад

Hell yeah Holst’s Mars during the English civil war bit was so choice

@claudeyaz 2 года назад

Idk it is important to remember some of the so called "liberal," philosophers wrote about the importance of tolerance.. While kant, Hagel, and Marx and others...wrote about "in group vs out group." So I think we should just pick and choose what we want to follow ...it isnt like it is some religion. The idea of in group vs out group...and the ideas of collectivism, and the greater good... almost ALWAYS end up with dire consequences

@claudeyaz 2 года назад

Yes capitalism causes inequality and pain...but so does communism. I prefer the tolerance and liberty of an individual over the pushing of collectivism

@afgor1088 2 года назад

@@claudeyaz how does communism cause inequality and pain? Also how does it oppress individuals in any way?

@ProkofNY Год назад

Like the illiberal brand of progressivism we see in the US today and its praxis: segregating school kids by skin color (as happened in a local middle school) in the name of “diversity and inclusion”. If this is the praxis of the replacement ideology, give me more liberalism any day.

@jusonn9922 4 года назад

Wages are less than the income generated, in order to compensate the employer for risk taken. If it was easy to operate a business and to make a profit, the employees could do it themselves.

@perkeles23dobre59 4 года назад

Thank you

@jakers141 4 года назад

2:08 Yes, it's the money from 3:27. It's a very intuitive system

@tracksuitjim 6 лет назад

'The Origin of Capitalism' by Ellen Meiksins Wood is a pretty interesting read.

@chayabracha 5 лет назад

Here to recommend the song "The World Turned Upside Down" by Billy Bragg

@Sleepy12ftPanda 2 года назад

*Jake the Dog:* _"Man, don't you know? The laws ain't made to help earthy cats like us. Listen. Here on our planet, back in the old days, back in the _*_real_*_ old days, it was just every man for his self. Scrooblin and scrat-scrabblin for the good stuff. The greenest valleys and scrat-scrabblin, and the meanest men got the best stuff. They got the green valleys and were like, 'The rest of you, y'all scrats get sand!' And that's when they made the laws, you see. Once the strong guys got it how they liked it, they said, "This is fair now. This is the law!" Once they were winning, they changed the rules up."_

@ArticBlueFox96 4 года назад

I define capitalism as: Private ownership of the means of production and resources for the purpose of profit in a market economy where the autocratic employer-employee relationship is the primary means to having a livelihood for most people.

@iAmTheSquidThing 6 лет назад

This is what I don't get about the Marxist critique of capitalism: Yes, the capitalist controls the means-of-production and takes the profit. But that's the payoff for bearing the upfront costs and the financial risk. The workers could also form a cooperative and own the means-of-production collectively themselves. Then they'd take the profit, but they'd also bear the upfront cost and risk. Both of these seem like perfectly reasonable systems, just so long as the means-of-production hasn't been appropriated by force, like it was in feudalism.

@immikeurnot 6 лет назад

Exactly. I've had people encourage me to start my own business, and even offered to invest in starting it up. No thanks, I don't want to put in the risk and extra work/stress. I'm perfectly happy letting someone else shoulder that bullshit, just showing up to work, doing my job, and going home with a fat paycheck at the end of the week.

@bankulin8641 6 лет назад

I do believe that Karl Marx has defined pretty well Capitalism in his works especially in "Das Kapital". Why bother re-defining, just read it!

@ormeal15 6 лет назад

Te pinche amo alv Excellent content

@LogicGated 3 года назад

I did not know those things about cromwell.

@dark_fire_ice 6 лет назад

The problem with both Liberalism and Capitalism is their exemptions, since they have no consistent, non arbitrary, truth they have moral or ethical base in which to stand. But can any human ideology stand and not be arbitrary? After millenia of living in and defending falsehoods can human live outside of them since no example has ever been seen?

@antiveridical 6 лет назад

Hey, I think you can't exclude how religion in the middle/latrer ages influenced the birth/growth of capitalism? I'm pretty there is a connection. Any insights?

@gofar5185 3 года назад

thank you philosophy tube... very fair lecture on the beginning of white supremacy...

@AwesomeLemur 6 лет назад

you are very interesting to watch and listen to, keep up the good work in sharing the knowledge, emancipation is always the goal :)

@appa609 5 лет назад

Ideology clearly isn’t just a mechanism to justify violence. That’s a pragmatic feature of many ideologies but it’s certainly not the essential definition. The goal should be to construct an ideology that doesn’t cause violence.

@cyanocitta3728 4 года назад

The issues with Locke, Stuart mill, etc.. basically their racist, sexist origins should be overlooked as the paradigm of the time would put them as incredibly progressive individuals. While we cannot deny theirs issues, we must acknowledge that despite them, the work these individuals did for society is undoubtedly good.

@Peter 6 лет назад

fucking yes

@linuxblacksarena 6 лет назад

capitalism created that blow-up doll you call your wife

@luke2581 6 лет назад

No, innovation and human ingenuity created the blow up doll. Capitalism found a way to commidfy it.

@paperbackwriter1111 6 лет назад

Benni B Or we could use worker owned cooperatives, which are more efficient and have more innovative workers, but aren't competitive because they don't focus on profit as end-all-be-all.

@paperbackwriter1111 6 лет назад

N's Creations and Gunpla Review Can't even insult a guy without dehumanising misogyny. This is what capitalism does to you, people. Commodifying women so much, you think you can use them as punchlines against men.

@thomascircle245 4 года назад

Your background is not the one I was taught, to say the least. Land may have been unclaimed in some senses, but the cases in which aristocrats came to own large amounts of land, and in some cases, own the other people living on it, were not, as conventionally understood, capitalism. That started as economic production in towns and cities began to outclass landed nobility in influence, hence why "bourgeois", which literally just means "town-dweller", evolved into something like a synonym for capitalist.

@VaQm11 6 лет назад

Great video, I'd give it two thumbs up if I could!

@fadechicobuarque1989 5 лет назад

06:44 - I always loose it on this part!

@wout4yt 5 лет назад

every revolution ever ey

@Shrekfromthehitmovieshrek 5 лет назад

capitalism is the private ownership of the means of production

@veggienugnugs Год назад

The law locks up the man or woman Who steals the goose off the common But leaves the greater villain loose Who steals the common from the goose.

@popcornisfromcorn 6 лет назад

ur the best!!

@GoodOlChippy1 3 года назад

The common land never existed as you seem to think it did. It was always something granted in the feudal hierarchy by lords or Kings. Please correct me if I’m wrong, but there was never a point where someone DIDNT claim ownership of a piece of land in medieval society. I must not be understanding something when socialists talk about the common land as this great thing. Lords, Kings, dukes, etc. All owned land and gave fiefs to those they favored. People could USE the land they owned as they were their subjects, but ultimately they almost always had a monopoly on violence and therefore the land. Idk I’m probably just not getting something.

@MarianaGarcia-lj7lc 6 лет назад

He skipped mercantilism, in the feudalism to capitalism timeline. Also failed to acknowledge that the "exceptions" are not inherent to liberalism which is why rights movements often rightly attack the otherwise liberal society thats excluding or oppressing them by saying that it is not liberal enough or not living up to liberal values/standards. otherwise good video though.

@PfennigerDavid 5 лет назад

Could Liberalism without exceptions work? Imo the core ideas of freedom for everybody sounds good. What problems were we to face, if we tried to achieve this?