What Was Literacy?: Perceptions of Intellect in History

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This video contains product placement for advertising purposes. I was inspired to look into today’s topic after being gifted the OrCam Read, to learn all about this device keep watching and check out: bit.ly/3r3itjt
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Individuals in the UK with reading challenges may be eligible to get the OrCam Read through the Access to Work Program or Disabled Students' Allowance for university and college students.
What did it mean to be literate? Do we rely too strongly on notions of literacy as a benchmark of intelligence in the past?
I hope you enjoy this video and find it interesting!
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Also, if you want to get in touch, please comment down below or find me on social media:
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Email: readingthepastwithdrkat@gmail.com
Intro / Outro song: Silent Partner, "Greenery" [ • Greenery - Silent Part... ]
SFX from freesfx.co.uk/...
Linked videos and playlists:
My Dyslexia Story: • DYSLEXIA AWARENESS: My...
How we divided up history: • Dr Kat and the Divisio...
Sir Thomas Smith: • Dr Kat and Sir Thomas ...
Images (from Wikimedia Commons, unless otherwise stated):
Woodcut image of a print shop in action by John Amman (1568). From Meggs, Philip B. A History of Graphic Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1998. (p 64).
Illuminated manuscript page showing a miniature of the book’s author, Vincent of Beauvais, within a border containing the arms of Edward IV, to whom this manuscript belonged. Miroir historial, vol. 1 (Vincent of Beauvais, Speculum historiale, trans. into French by Jean de Vignay), Bruges, c. 1478-1480. Held by the British Library, Royal 14 E. i, vol. 1, f. 3r.
Title page of a chapbook of “Jack the Giant Killer” by an unknown author (possibly early 19th century). Image shared originally by the University of Pittsburgh.
The beginning of Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible: Volume 1, Old Testament, Epistle of St. Jerome to Paulinus (letter 53). (The Epistle is not a part of the Bible itself, but an introduction by St. Jerome, the translator of the Bible into Latin Vulgate, which the Gutenberg Bible is written in.) Held by the Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin.
Example of a ballad, “Here begynneth a gest of Robyn Hode” (16th century). Held by the National Library of Scotland.
Title page of the First Folio, by William Shakespeare, with copper engraving of the author by Martin Droeshout (1623). Image courtesy of the Elizabethan Club and the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Yale University.
Line drawing of the Stratford grammar school drawn by Edmund Hort New. From Windle, Bertram C. A. Shakespeare's Country Boston, London, 1899, plate following p. 28.
Portrait of Thomas Wolsey by an unknown artist (1589-1595, based on a work of circa 1520). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
Different hornbooks. Scanned reproductions from Tuer’s History of the Horn-Book, 1896.
Portrait of Elizabeth of York by an unknown artist (between c.1470-1498). Held by the Royal Collection, on display at Hampton Court Palace.
Portrait of a young King Henry VIII, attributed to Meynnart Wewyck (c.1509). Held by the Denver Art Museum.
Portrait of Edward VI of England in the Queen's Drawing Room, Windsor Castle attributed to William Scrots (c.1546). Scanned from Hearn, Karen, ed. Dynasties: Painting in Tudor and Jacobean England 1530-1630. New York: Rizzoli, 1995. ISBN 0-8478-1940-X.
Portrait of Sir Thomas More by Hans Holbein the Younger (1527). Held by The Frick Collection.
Margaret Roper, née More. Eldest daughter of Sir Thomas More. Detail from a family picture. From a 1593 copy of a now-lost Hans Holbein portrait of the women in Thomas More's family.
Portrait of Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam by Hans Holbein the Younger (1523). On display in the National Gallery.
Images from “Le miroir de l’âme pécheresse” (“The Mirror of the Sinful Soul”). Held by the Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford; MS. Cherry 36, fol. 2r.
Images from Elizabeth’s handwritten trilingual translation of Katherine Parr’s Prayers and Meditations (1545), which was a gift for her father Henry VIII: British Library, Royal MS 7 D X.
Image of an autograph letter of Queen Elizabeth I to her future successor James I (1593). Washington (D.C.), Folger Shakespeare Library, MS. X. d. 397, fol. 1v.
Elizabeth I’s letters to Mary, Queen of Scots, 23 June 1567. Held by the National Archives (SP 52/13 f.71)
Photograph of a manuscript page written in secretary hand, using Latin and English, April 1623 (photographed 2009 by an unnamed photographer)
Quoted texts:
Dale Hoak, ODNB online entry on King Edward VI (last accessed 1st December 2021).
Excerpt from Thomas More’s Letter to Margaret Roper (neé More) 1523.
#HeyOrCam #History #ReadingThePast

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14 окт 2024

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Комментарии : 311

@madmonkee6757 2 года назад

In Ybor City, in the cigar factories, before the age of radio, the employees (who were well-paid, skilled workers) would hire readers to read novels to them while they worked. Making cigars is a skilled trade, but it isn't loud work, so it allowed the employees to listen and follow some of the great Spanish-language novels of the XIX century. The result was a lot of well-educated, if sometimes technically illiterate, workers. Note that the factory didn't pay the readers. The employees contributed to hire professional readers.

@charlotteillustration5778 2 года назад

Fascinating, thank you!

@MrAdryan1603 2 года назад

That's really interesting, thanks

@ronahart219 2 года назад

Fascinating, thanks.

@rishthefish7781 2 года назад

Yesss! Loved this bit of info! ❤️

@macgyversmacbook1861 2 года назад

That sounds a lot like a well known Irish storyteller, he’d left for Heaven long ago but he lived out in the Aran Islands and not only was he a monoglot Gaelige speaker he couldn’t read. BUT he could recite Fionn McCool and Tain Na Bolge completely in Irish with the odd rhymes so beautifully he sounded like he was singing

@vickiibendit943 2 года назад

I’m in the USA, and am dyslexic. I taught high school English, Reading, Speech, and Journalism for about 28 years. I’m now retired and have found Audible to be a lifesaver. I love reading, but as I get older I find I have more difficulty reading and decoding at times. The OrCan Read would be such a game changer for students who are learning to cope with dyslexia and other learning disabilities. Thank you for bringing this wonderful technology to my attention! I substitute teach at a local, very small school district (they have less than 400 students including preK through grade 12) and I will bring this adaptive device to their SPED leads attention.

@lspthrattan 2 года назад

Mothers--the original "Head Start" program! Thank you, Dr. Kat!

@MarkADavisAZ 2 года назад

My dear Dr. Kat, thank you for your candor related to your reading disability. As one who suffered undiagnosed learning issues in my childhood (and as an adult), I praise anyone who brings attention to these issues. IF only we had the knowledge and tools to help people like us fifty years ago. Cheers!

@cassieosbourne7666 2 года назад

Even 10 years ago. My dyslexia presents itself in the same way as Dr Kat's but wasn't picked up by my school as I was a good reader. I wasn't diagnosed until my first year of uni when I was 21. If it had been picked up and catered for in my years at school then my experience in education may have been vastly different

@lilibetp 2 года назад

I was diagnosed with dyscalculia at the age of 38.

@jaidenobrien 2 года назад

Great comment!

@HikariHolic 2 года назад

in my area in the US you could not start kindergarten until you were 5, so if you were born after august you had to wait a year. My mom taught me how to read in the meantime resulting in me reading chapter books by the time i entered school while others were learning the alphabet. it's peculiar and nice to see signs of mothers truly being the first educators across the ages and how my situation might be reflective of other children in the past

@a.t.c.3862 2 года назад

The same thing happened to me, the year learning to read with my parents gave me a huge advantage; in them I had brilliant personal teachers 24/7 who made me fall in love with reading. When I started school I had a huge advantage, for which I shall forever be grateful to them both.

@kathyastrom1315 2 года назад

My parents didn’t know I could read until Mom saw me doing so, a few months before I started kindergarten. I attribute teaching myself to read to several things-my parents reading to us all the time, my 19-months-older sister playing school with me, and Sesame Street starting when I was 3 (my sister’s school made the unprecedented recommendation to watch it). When I did start kindergarten, they divided us into mini-reading groups after a month or so depending on our reading skills. I was the only one in the top level group. Mom said that the other moms were muttering a bit after the tiers were announced at the parent meeting, but she told them I already knew how to read before school started. (When I started babysitting at age 12, I made it a point to always read to my charges for 30 minutes before bedtime. I found out from parents that I was the only neighborhood babysitter to do so, which was a sad commentary, I thought. Apparently, the kids loved it!)

@shannon3944 2 года назад

I was raised similarly, and usually had 3 - 4 books going at all times. I even loved reading the dictionary and encyclopedia. (28 separate volumes...am I right?🤣Lol) Were you folks superb spellers, too, by any chance? My love for reading won me many Spelling Bees.

@baylorsailor Год назад

I did the same with my daughter and she was well advanced in kindergarten because of it. I think all parents (with the capability) should do it regardless.

@marcywaldenville862 2 года назад

As a dyslexic, a writer, and the mother of a dyslexic son. I am so grateful for your honesty speaking about your diagnosis. I have always admired your teachings. Now I admire your courage on behalf of my self and my son.

@pamelamanning99 2 года назад

I, for one, would love to hear more about Thomas Moore's eldest daughter. Although not a historian, I have an interest in a great many things. I so enjoy your channel ... all of it!

@merylmel Год назад

A scholar who carried her dad's head around in a bag? Yep. I'd appreciate a piece on her remarkable character.

@lisakilmer2667 2 года назад

Great commentary -- first, reminding us that "literate" was not the same concept as now. Then, reminding that a whole village could be made "literate" by the presence of one person who would read to all of them. I was excited when you quoted Dale Hoak, who taught at my University a very long time ago. Unfortunately he went on sabbatical to the UK and I missed one of his courses.

@merryannebrown 2 года назад

I was thinking and wondering when the "sampler' became the form of teaching numbers and letters to little girls? Seeing Elizabeth's beautiful work brought this to mind. Was she taught in this way as well?

@kayallen7603 2 года назад

Even ancient Spartan women could read and write so I should imagine many Medieval women and women also could. If you look at the Puritans during King James' reign, using The Elegant Witch as my example, the ability to read and write in both Latin and English, as well as numeracy, were prized skills in a wife. Also, I am informed and since books were costly, reading aloud to others became quite the 'done thing' of an evening. I also remember that Milton was blind in his later years, and it was his daughter who took his dictation.

@sarahwatts7152 2 года назад

I also imagine most people would have been able to do basic math - imagine being a carpenter without math! Obviously it's doable, but much harder.

@juliebeans7323 2 года назад

@@sarahwatts7152 numeracy (as we call it now) would have been taught to boys going into any profession that required it - including sailors (navigation) i believe. Hence boys went to school (or were tutored) longer than girls.

@6Haunted-Days 2 года назад

Ahhhh so all the available evidence SHOWING THE OPPOSITE ……is just gonna be ignored by you….cuz….”you’d rather have a happier less grim idea of history”? 😵‍💫🙄😂🤣🤣🤣🤣😂🤔 Wtf. Opinions aren’t FACTS And feelings aren’t FACTS

@avalondreaming1433 2 года назад

@@6Haunted-Days Revisionist history! The world did in fact suffer a great loss of knowledge with the end if the Roman empire. Yes, the Roman's were cruel, but their technical advances were enormous.

@ethangrant8736 Год назад

@@avalondreaming1433 cruel is massive understatement, though this is still generally untrue, the world didn’t “fall into a dark age” as it was made out by people from centuries later, rather things just changed

@toniomalley5661 2 года назад

As a member of the Baha’i faith men and women are equal in the law of God and man but ,if you have two children and you can only afford to educate one of them then you educate the daughter as she is the first educator of the next generation of the family as we now know how crucial the first years of a child are love your channel keep safe and have a lovely Xmas regards from Ireland .

@Stitchxavi Год назад

Thanks for commenting. I’d never heard of this faith and looked it up!

@prettypic444 2 года назад

Thank you so much! As a disabled/neurodiverse student, I have struggled with both reading and writing over the years. My visual/auditory processing problems meant that I had trouble distinguishing the various phonetic sounds and connecting them to symbols, meaning I was unable to read until the age of 10. additionally, I have fine motor and muscle control issues that makes handwriting extremely difficult and even painful at times (I transitioned to using an all type method of writing at 12). I'm fortunate to live in a time where the technological resources were available for me adapt as well as being surrounded by people who cared enough to try and help me succeed- I was able to earn my bachelors in history and am currently studying to become an archivist. I also know, however, I wouldn't have been able to even learn the basics if I had been born just a few decades earlier. additionally, I think you should check out Jonathan Mooney's "Normal Sucks", which is all about how the historical/social movements which created the concept of "normal were exclusionary and inherently flawed

@kathyjaneburke2798 2 года назад

Yes! Margret Moore please? As a side note I too am dislexic. It was worse when I was younger, now at 64 only when I'm tried. Anyway, I wish to congratulate you on your pushing through and overcoming to achieve so much. Thank you for your I speration!

@robynw6307 2 года назад

The OrCam is quite amazing tech. Congrats to the inventors. But sadly, a bit too pricey for many folks who could use it. Hopefully this will improve as it becomes more well known and popular.

@patriciapalmer1377 2 года назад

In the 50s, I was taught "the oral tradition of learning" as a viable educational system, in addition to the system of, often, self education through reading and writing taught initially by a family member or other and the system of a combination of both via an educator in various settings, throughout history. My mother taught me to read at the age of four.

@marpop4056 2 года назад

Please, by all means, do a program on Margaret More Roper. Memorization seems to be something of a lost art nowadays. I can remember having to memorize poems of about 20-24 lines back in 4th-6th grade. After that, I changed schools and rote memorization was not required until I took Latin and German. I don't recall any of the poems I had to memorize. However, I can still recall things my brother had to memorize, because his technique was to repeat the lines aloud over and over. My abilities to recall have suffered since I had access to the internet. Why memorize when I can just look it up? Ditto for my ability to do arithmetic without a calculator. I used to be able to do long division with answers running to 10 or 12 digits. Now I find myself resorting to using the calculator when I want to figure out someone's age from the year they were born! I googled ORCAM and it seems to be quite pricey. I'm hoping that, with time, the price will come down enabling many more dyslexic and vision-impaired people to afford one.

@gabrielleschiavo9078 2 года назад

Could you please consider doing a video about foreign ambassadors like Eustace Chapuys? What did they do? Who supported them? Were they deep into court intrigues? What got them sent away? Were they immune from the local laws? Did they bring their families with them? How were they chosen? Who did Henry VIII for instance send to other courts? Thanks ;-))

@merylmel Год назад

Yes! Chapuys is particularly interesting. I've tried to find a book of or about his correspondence but failed.

@gabrielleschiavo9078 Год назад

@@merylmel Interestingly enough, most of the truthful evidence about Anne Boleyn comes from him. Six fingers? Nope, he surely would have mentioned it. Sleeping with everyone? Nope, he would have known. And much more!

@han4th 2 года назад

This is my first ever comment on RU-vid after being a member for over 10 years but I just had to say thank you so much. The orcam looks amazing and when I saw the price my heart sank. Then I saw in your description about workplace grants and I have never heard of this despite having a severe illness so thank you so much for raising the awearness of this and of dyslexia. I absolutely love your videos!

@joannshupe9333 2 года назад

When one looks at alphabets today that are given to 5 year olds to practice writing skills and then at the alphabets on horn books, it's amazing that any of them learned to write. Imagine trying to copy those letters with a slate pen! Also, someone mentioned Greek, and I would like to suggest they had it easy! Those letters have always been simply designed and perfect for anyone to copy.

@conemadam 2 года назад

Thank you, Harvey! Another intellectually stimulating video that has left me wanting to raise my hand, ask questions, share my doctoral experiences,and take in every morsel that Dr. Kat is

@conemadam 2 года назад

Sharing. Wow!!!

@MsSpiffz 2 года назад

I get the impression that, during the mediaeval period, to be 'literate' required being able to read Latin. I'm sure I've come across someone being referred to as 'illiterate' when they were also described as reading or writing something - but not in Latin.

@davidwilliambarker 2 года назад

Not dyslexic, but empathetic. Great episode, Orcam Read left me wide-eyed and with a lump in my throat! How grand!

@margaretshepherd 2 года назад

While doing some family history research I looked at the extended entry for my great-great-grandmother in the 1901 Census of Canada. She could read but not write. So evidence of being able to read but not write is available for the modern period, at least. In 1400, not so much.

@EvBarney 2 года назад

thank you, Dr. Kat! I've been frustrated by descriptions of historical education that don't mention basic numeracy. It seems so essential to day-to-day tasks.

@GildaLee27 2 года назад

Dear Dr Kat, I sincerely thank you for the rare and delightful thrill you gave by introducing the story of Wolsey's education in the way you did. When his well-known picture came on the screen, I was truly surprised. Before this, I had assumed that he rose because he must have been a world-class people person, understanding human motivation and being able to diplomatically persuade, as well as wit, charm, good looks, industry. I never knew about his prodigious academic achievements. Thank you for another wonderful and absorbing episode!

@atamburlaine 2 года назад

Oh please do a video on More and Margaret Roper! That family is such an inspiration to me as a feminist and nerd. And thank you for reading The Silk Roads!

@metalsomemother3021 2 года назад

Thank you for introducing the ALL CAN READ. I so wish I would have had something like this with my education. I likely would have gone on to a doctorate if I had something like this. Because reading is a challenge, I look forward to your video each week. Love RU-vid and Audiobooks

@karensilvera6694 2 года назад

Dr. Kat, Thank you for bringing up dyslexia again. Both of my sons are dyslexic and has a tough experience in school. My eldest, now 34, dropped out of school at age 17 and then took his GED test before his classmates. He works in construction, has a wife and a 6 month old baby girl. I can't help but wonder "what if". He has a genius IQ and had big dreams of going to college. Then I automatically think he wouldn't have what he has and that's better than a degree. Everything happens for a reason. My younger son, now 31, was diagnosed at age 6. He graduated with his class. He is married to a great woman who's a BSN. He works as a truck driver and is happy. Pretty good for a guy who didn't know his left from his right, North from South, or East from West. Dyslexia can be a such a handicap. I can't believe that more hasn't been done to assist people who struggle to see numbers and letters. Thank you for sharing this resource. I'm going to look into this more. I loved your video. Yet again you have taught me more about this time in history. Happy Birthday to your son 🥳

@ladonnaadam5014 2 года назад

YAY!! First commenter! great job Dr. Kat! I love Friday mornings because of you :-) Thank you!

@ReadingthePast 2 года назад

Hiya! Thank you so much! I hope you have a great Friday and a lovely weekend! 🌟

@jared1870 2 года назад

I automatically hit the thumbs up when I first arrive because I know I won't be disappointed. Dr. Kat has opened my eyes about my misperceptions about education of the past. As always I love learning new things.

@louiseoliver3453 2 года назад

Fascinating as always. I remember many moons ago reading somewhere that in the early modern period written records were held with some suspicion because it was believed the written word could be falsified, human memory was held to be more reliable. I think also there was a more fluid line between literacy and oral culture, in antiquity it was unusual to read silently, most people read aloud and perhaps this carried on into the early modern world. And in protestant countries literacy was common, John Clare wrote of someone reading a story from a chapbook, in Scandinavia you had to read to learn the catechism which was a prerequisite for marriage. in the late 19th century Finnish students gathered signatures among rural dwellers for a petition and everyone could read but only about half could sign their name.

@thebarkisdue 2 года назад

I like Harvey, love the fact that you found tools that make life easier and find it remarkable that you were able to go through life with dyslexia with difficulty, I assume, but finding ways to make up for it. Genius!

@DJ-mr6um 2 года назад

I completely agree about people being able to read but not write. I've tried to learn many languages in my life, for example recently - I'm very good at reading russian and Scots Gaelic, BUT I can't currently write the alphabet in russian. I also struggle to form full sentences in both languages. I can still read and register the sounds that the alphabet makes in Russian, but I cannot for the life of me regurgitate that into my own writing. I can imagine that someone who can't write has their own "alphabet" of sounds that is difficult to translate into, for example, a Latin alphabet. Love your videos, thank you so much for influencing us so positively! Adore your work :-)

@jfs59nj 2 года назад

Dr. Kat! You are such a font of useful and so very interesting content, up to and including Harvey! I simply don’t miss one of your videos, and I’m rapidly catching up with your back catalog. I so welcome and appreciate having you in my life, even at one (RU-vid) remove. I love the live events as well, but the time difference (I’m in New Jersey USA) sometimes presents challenges. Nonetheless, I simply treasure you. No hyperbole there..

@infinitelydawn 2 года назад

As an elementary school teacher seeing students this year who have spent 1.5 years online, I totally understand that gap in reading and writing! Great video :)

@revade6698 2 года назад

Hi Dr. Kat. Wow. Just wow. Your scholarship alone in researching today's video was impressive enough, but to realize you do your work each week given the challenges imposed by dyslexia is beyond amazing. I cannot congratulate you enough. (How I wish that Orcam produced a similar aid for those of us "grey hairs" who suffer from computer, internet, and social media illiteracy...) Anyway, time for another coffee. I look forward to next week's "masterpiece".

@portialipton 2 года назад

Kat, that is a lovely top, the colour really suits you, you are glowing!

@TheHopperUK 2 года назад

It's odd that we so often think of reading and writing as being absolutely linked together when it's so common for small children to be able to read quite well before they can write at all. Great video!

@literallyheather 2 года назад

Fascinating topic. BTW, that coral color is very pretty on you!

@susanhepburn6040 2 года назад

Thank you very much for this. My maternal grandmother (born 1902) gifted me a little walnut box that had belonged to her stepfather. On its bottom, in pencil, was written his signature, 'John Ford.' It was the only thing he could write - taught to him by his wife. I treasure it and am going to leave it to my grandson. John Ford had had no formal education of any kind. When researching family history, I was shocked and deeply moved to discover that my paternal grandfather and his siblings were educated at a 'Ragged School.' The children left at 12 or 14 to go, usually, into either service or apprenticeships. Perhaps you could do a video on the 'Ragged' or 'Poor' Schools?

@crystalm2460 2 года назад

26:40 she had such beautiful handwriting, esp for an 11 year old! and if she did embroider that cover herself - WOW

@johnlovesme 2 года назад

I truly enjoy your videos every week. I have learned so much from you and your passion for history. However, to hear your story about your struggles with dyslexia gave me an even stronger connection to your content. I too struggle with what I have "self-diagnosed" as dyslexia. As a child, I remember being terrified of books and not because I didn't love to learn but merely because I could not read from them unless I already knew every single word contained therein. In fact, to this day (at a not so young 48) I still cannot read aloud a word I have not seen before -- phonics simply don't work for me. To hear you explain how reading works or doesn't work for you was like listening to my own mind and extremely validating. Thank you so much for sharing your story. It meant a great deal to me on a terribly personal level.

@HilaryElizabeth9 2 года назад

This was a fantastic one, Kat. I had never thought of this topic at all, yet once presented, I was fascinated. And when you consider the "all this in Latin" part -- it's mind-boggling. Alas, I think many folks from these times are possibly more literate than we are now. I have a very important question. What's your car's name?

@andreadodson2817 2 года назад

I'm a teacher of students with dyslexia, so I'm really excited by both the contents of the video and the device mentioned. I can't wait to show it to them.

@mariellouise1 2 года назад

That Orcam is amazing. I went into performing arts as a career because I was dyslexic. I couldn’t fall back on any secretarial skills so I was very committed to theatrical pursuits such as dance and costuming.

@jeannewilson1655 2 года назад

Thank you for this video. I am currently substitute teaching at an elementary school and tutoring kinder through 2nd grade students in learning to read. I love when I see progress with them. I was raised by an avid reader mother who later became a historical romance novel author. She passed that love of education and I went as far as to pursue my doctorate in business administration, and am now going to go through the Alternate Route to Teaching to become a licensed elementary school teacher. I am interested in this tool in helping others find the joy that I do in written texts.

@hogwashmcturnip8930 2 года назад

I am not dyslexic ,and although extremely myopic, I can see fine with glasses. But I was wowed by Harvey. I could see how helpful 'he' could be to certain people. I hope the price for 'him' is not prohibitive for people with scant means. I loved the fact that it actually sounds like a human being and not that awful android thing. Some vlogs sound like that and I turn them off. One reason why I love your stuff. A real human being in a real room talking a lot of unbiased sense about history. What's not to like? Suggestions would be more Stuart stuff. They seem to get overlooked and in actual fact their dynasty had just as much seismic influence on the nation as the Tudors, arguably more. On their shift we had the first 'joining' of Scotland and England, a Civil War, the trial and execution of a reigning monarch, the Gunpowder Plot, the continual vying of Catholic and Protestant and the overthrow of another monarch because he prayed to god in the wrong way. We got the No Catholics at throne level which still stands today. We saw the development of Parliament and went through a Republic of sorts. Which was actually pretty close to a dictatorship. We saw incredible developments in architecture landscaping, women on the stage! The stirrings of the Industrial Revolution. Modern Britain owes more to the turbulent Stuarts than it does the Tudors. If people are looking for Drama, I would put Charles 2nd's 6 weeks on the run after the Battle of Worcester against any Tudor Soap Opera. There is a Whole Civil War! Mistresses, barren wives, broken betrothals.... Plus Charlie 2 is better looking than fat old Henry!

@p.l.g3190 2 года назад

Thank you so much for reminding us that, although the people of the past may not have been what we would consider literate, that didn't make them less intelligent. If a skill is unnecessary to daily life, the lack of it will have no impact. And as not everyone was able to get academic instruction, their lack of that skill cannot be attributed to lesser intelligence. As you pointed out, you are a living example that having a struggle with a given skill most certainly does not indicate small intellect. According to my parents, I was beginning to read by the time I was three years old and have read voraciously every day of my life, yet each week you teach me something new. Also, being a longtime namer of things, I was delighted to meet Harvey. Were we on the same continent, I'm sure my truck Billy-Bob would be delighted to make Harvey's acquaintance.

@charnesch4274 2 года назад

Fascinating info and what an incredible little tool 'Harvey' is! Amazing!

@lesleyschultz6846 2 года назад

Thank you very much for doing a video on this topic! I really appreciate understanding some of the niceties of difference between forms of literacy. I believe that in ancient Egypt, often the Kings couldn't read well, and it was the scribes that were the literate ones, recorded everything and managed the transactions. There are forms of hieroglyphics like hieratic that are sort of short forms of the ancient Egyptian language but it was mostly the province of the scribes there also. The hieroglyphics had other meanings besides representing sound. as well They were thought to have magical properties also. Whether they had magic is an open question but who has not experienced the magic of a fine book? Magical qualities can be conveyed orally from person to person in cultures that preserve their histories orally, and some books are intended to be primarily transmitted orally, like the Koran. Someone who has completely memorized the Koran and can recite it in the way it was originally to be conveyed (chanted, as a free form art, within cadences that are appropriate for the verses) even has a special title in Islam: Haifiz. One also learns to read Hebrew and to chant it in shul, same idea, and the idea that Hebrew letters have spiritual magic. The whole history of alphabets, printing and literacy so fascinating! And congratulations on your new family member, Harvey!

@Bogdragenshule 2 года назад

In danish we have an old song, where it's said, that the narrator has learned letters and bible by his mothers side. I've always loved that image.

@rhiahlMT 2 года назад

I cannot remember where I read it, perhaps someone will remember something about it, but in medieval times, lack of reading and arithmetic was not as low as previously thought. Serfs were bound by contracts and basic reading was around for some of them to keep the Lord honest. Although, I don't know I'd want to challenge a Lord with a troop of men with big swords as a serf. Also, they depended on the priests to an extent for contracts. The Orcom device will help so many. I hope the price decreases as bifocals become more a part of my life and I can't stand to wear them. Such a great tool for so many though. I'd be selling things if I had a dyslexic child and couldn't afford it to make sure they had one..

@thepeptalkplace 2 года назад

In the U.S. the oral exam is similar to yours, but it’s called the dissertation defense or doctoral defense ... and I’m so glad it’s behind me! I found it terrifying. The best part is the end, when the committee chair says “Congratulations, Doctor.”

@bilindalaw-morley161 2 года назад

Thank you Doctor Kat. There were some familiar theories, ideas and facts presented in new ways for me. I was surprised and impressed by the early ages of some of the famous achievers. I'm particularly interested in the memorisation details. It has always seemed to me that in earlier centuries (or even generations) memories were far more trained, honed and used than we can even contemplate. Aural habits must have been very keenly enforced which for someone like me would have been a problem. I have difficulty focusing on factual things being read aloud. And trying to follow along with a transcript is problematic because I'm a rapid reader, so my eyes keep 'going ahead' and then I don't take in either voice or script properly. I've only recently been able to listen to fictional audiobooks with any enjoyment. I'm going to pass on the details of the Orcan to my son, who we were always told was *not* dyslexic but has always had some of the challenges faced by those. I've even wondered if he has a 'rare version!'. I did relax a bit about his spelling when I realised that modern spelling rules were just that...modern. Can we blame unification of spelling on Dr Johnson? My son's in his thirties and some of his spelling was so original spellcheck would figuratively throw up its hands and say "stuffed if I know., You're on your own". There is one thing I've always wondered...just how common *were* "whipping boys"?

@HannibalFan52 2 года назад

You have reminded me of something I learned from the books and programs of science historian James Burke. He opened one 'Connections' program by speaking about a modern-day philosopher (whose name I have regrettably forgotten) who was approached by a student after one of his classes. The student opined that our ancestors must have been stupid to think that the sun goes around the earth, when everyone knows that the earth travels around the sun. The philosopher appeared to agree, but wondered how the sun's travels would have looked if our ancestors had known what we do now. His point, of course, was that it would have looked just the same as it does to us today. About twenty (or more) years ago, I was listening to the program Vox Pop on National Public Radio. The discussion that day included the topics of dinosaurs and fossils. One of the speakers brought up the point that our ancestors were not idiots; they just didn't have the same frames of reference that we do now. They must have found fossils while plowing, digging building foundations, or otherwise going about their daily lives. They simply wouldn't have known what they were seeing, so they made up stories to explain their finds. The example he gave was of a farmer (perhaps) finding a huge tusk. He and his neighbors would have had no knowledge of wooly mammoths, so they related it to something they already knew: a wild pig. And so the tale of the Erymanthian Boar entered their mythology.

@glorialange6446 2 года назад

I knew Wolsey was " the butchers son" and disliked or even hated by the nobles, but I did not know the details of his education. This is a magnificient video full of interest. I learned to read, write, and do sums at age 4, from my mother, and I was advanced far beyond my classmates when I started school at age 6. I only know 2 languages, English and Spanish, but I am fully bi-lingual, reading, writing, and speaking both and with the full ability to switch at will and even dream in both. My mother used to say that intelligence has no bearing on how smart you are, it depends on how that intelligence is used. I really enjoyed the examples of social class differences and the opportunities that were available.

@sherrylovegood 2 года назад

As someone who was an educator, I am thrilled a device like, Harvey has been created. This is also a game changer for those who learn aurally. This thrills me to no end.

@jenniferedwards4874 2 года назад

I enjoyed this look into literacy. I find it fascinating and also intriguing. I wonder about the education of the girls at the time as they did need to know a bit to run the households.

@bennett8535 2 года назад

What an interesting video. I hadn't thought about what makes a person literate and what excludes them, particularly with regards to past times.

@susanwozniak6354 2 года назад

Bravo, Dr. Kat! Great lecture!

@cosgroveshepherd191 Год назад

my partner and I were listening to this whilst making dinner and we had a really interesting chat about it all through our meal. Thank you so much

@LibraryLady929 2 года назад

I learned how to read on my own when I was three. My parents are both teachers and my mom has her masters in reading education. She thinks I did it by memorization which I suspect is true. Phonics has never made sense to me, lol! I loved hearing about your tool to help you with Dyslexia. I was diagnosed with a hearing disability when I was three and even though I’ve worn hearing aids ever since it’s been a challenge. Last year I got new hearing aids that have Bluetooth capability and it’s been a game changer. I have a little receiver I wear around my neck and I can connect it to my phone or use it as a microphone to amplify sound. I often use it while watching movies with my boys so that I can hear the TV without needing the sound turned up. It works great! I love how modern technology has helped make living with a disability easier and I’m so grateful for it. It’s interesting to think about literacy through history and how different it was. I LOVE your videos and I am so grateful for them and for you. I hope you and your family have a wonderful holiday. Gabriel is at a very fun age and I remember what a joy it was when my boys were little like he is! ❤️

@cmschmidt 2 года назад

This was a wonderful video. It's so lovely that the value of the oral tradition has been reiterated on this channel. I didn't know you were dyslexic and it makes me respect you earning your Doctorate so much more. I can't imagine the levels of difficulty that were added and overcome by you. You are an amazing woman for so many different reasons. Also, I love your no touchy, no touch Tick Tocks so much. Have a great day!

@deanvrabl 2 года назад

I am a dysletic myself. And I finished history Uni. Which was twice hard for me, as you know, studying history is just about the reading, reading and reading. Nowadays I read on national Radio. And yet again, I must read all days. My question. I would like to know about more about this "font" which they used in Tudor era. When I watch other documentaries. The cam always shows on the page where something's or written, Dr.Libscomb and others, like Don Jons go with theirr finger and reads, like she's 100% confident. Cou you ever make a docu about this medieval letters they've been using back then ? "Temps viendra" is written in clear Latin alphabet. But, documents in Kew, from that time ... When I look at them. I don't recognize a single word. Would you be able to dig into this, because, I would really like to know ( and also probably many others ) ..... About these scriptures. Does Dr.Libscomb really read, or does she only glide with her fingers and talking , because she probably knows all this by heart. Example: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-QjAcFok5Ec0.html 2:45

@gwynwellliver4489 2 года назад

I will look into the ORCAM for my dyslexic aunt. Thank you for all the interesting information. Definitely looking forward to an episode on Margaret Roper. I remember decades ago as a teenager, reading a fiction book in which she was the lead character.

@evilpandagirl9 2 года назад

Thank you for introducing orcam! I WISH i had this in school as a child. I'm so excited for this to be available!!

@CB-sw7uj 2 года назад

your videos are always such a comfort to me. your voice is so soothing and sincere. thank you for creating this content. I love being able to learn new things about parts of history I thought I knew so well.

@cassieosbourne7666 2 года назад

I did a viva for my dissertation in my performing arts BA (at least I was supposed to but then COVID happened so I did it as a voice recording). It's interesting to hear where were that form of assessment came from

@elizabethring7133 2 года назад

Is that the PG Tipps Monkey to the left of the screen on the shelf? Love it (plus your wonderful history uploads).

@tambranicolekendall9288 Год назад

Another fantastic video, Dr. Kat! Thank you so much for speaking about the Orcam. My husband was diagnosed with dyslexia while still in school. He still has problems. I can't wait to tell him about the Orcam. Blessings to you!

@coffeecloud 2 года назад

Enjoyed this one very much. Thank you Dr Kat.

@pinstripesuitandheels 2 года назад

Doctor Kat, that peach colour is FABULOUS on you! You look radiant.

@pattischult9401 2 года назад

Dear Dr. Kat, thank you so very much for sharing with your audience both your hardships and triumphs! Reading, though a joy in my childhood, has been difficult for me for most of my life due to my eyesight. My eyes flit from the line I'm reading to other parts of the page, making staying on track harder. I hope to one day be able to purchase a similar device to aid my personal scholarship.

@hannahsalmon42 2 года назад

Hi Dr Kat, Thank you so much for sharing your story and about the Orcam. I was diagnosed with Dyslexia and Dyspraxia at the start of my BA History and struggled reading all the tiny written text in books. It's amazing how technology keeps developing to make our studying and lives easier. Will be checking out the Orcam to see if it helps me. Love your channel and tuning each week to watch your videos

@elizabethmcglothlin5406 2 года назад

I'm dylexic and of an older generation. School was a nightmare even though my IQ was high. It made my grandmother decide I was just doing poorly because I was a wicked child. There was not much available in that time and I figured enough out to be able to read and now enjoy it, though my numerical literacy is still poor. (NUmber don't make words and have little context!)

@2012Ursula 2 года назад

This might be the Dr. Kat talk I've enjoyed most, both because the topic interests me--the nature of intelligence, the idea that there are many different types--and perhaps because I'm reading Jill Paton-Walsh's sequels to the Dorothy Sayers books about Peter Wimsey and Harriet Vane; and we know how important female education was to Sayers.

@debbralehrman5957 2 года назад

Wonderful points regarding education. And thank you for introducing us to Harvey, love the name. Thank you again for your informative videos.

@mandocool 2 года назад

This is so fascinating! You took me on a journey I didn't even know I needed, thanks Dr Kat!!

@tumblyhomecarolinep7121 2 года назад

Wonderful and interesting video. I agree with your comment on the LP Hartley quote about the past being a different country. I have been looking at prehistory, the Skara Brae settlement ( in a very much lay man’s way) and considering that the people there seemed to have a culture that gave them time to create art, make homes that had aesthetic value Etc etc…I like to think they were exactly like us in that sometimes they must have had very long boring Tuesday afternoons when it was raining ( even tho they wouldn’t have called them Tuesdays). And thinking that makes me think it wasn’t a different country but just like ours…more like ours than not. Anyway, as always, a very interesting and brilliant video.

@delphinidin 2 года назад

An ad read I actually sat through! lol How fascinating!

@janebennett9930 2 года назад

My youngest son ( now 26 ) struggled with very severe dyslexia at school- he didn’t recognise his own name ‘Trystan’ on his lunch box at age 8. In all other respects he was bright, with a wonderful memory that he really polished up because he knew he couldn’t read or write. For example the class was meant to memorise 4 lines of a poem for homework, I read the whole ( rather long !) poem to him twice- the following day he was able to recite the whole poem and his teachers were really amazed.

@sharonsmith583 2 года назад

Interesting video as usual Dr Kat! I love how you named Harvey! I name all kinds of stuff too, especially my cars! Glad Harvey came into your life!

@thenoblegasargon 2 года назад

Oh! Yes, please, more Margaret Moore. Another idea: I would love to learn more about the ladies of salon culture of the Age of Discovery--or some other instance in which woman intellectuals interacted or collaborated from any era or society, actually.

@disgruntledmoderate5331 2 года назад

We are also big fans of naming things in our household- love that you named it Harvey!

@catherinebuttrick5678 2 года назад

Excellent and fascinating video as always, but Harvey was a wonderful surprise. I had no idea that this device exists.

@DipityS 2 года назад

That orcam is amazing - very interesting vide and I always love another look at Elizabeth's present of the translated book - it amazes me each and every time 😊

@sharonmacphee2878 Год назад

Thank you for sharing your reader with us. I gave grandson who will be so excited to have this. I also want to say I love your videos tremendously!

@pambrandon4186 2 года назад

This was a fascinating look at something that we all think we understand and really never think about. I did go and watch your video on your experience with dyslexia and it gave me insight into experiences that both of my brothers had (though we are quite a bit older than you are) but I also gained insight into some of my own struggles in school. So I got sidetracked from literacy but am fascinated enough by the topic to go back and watch again to examine my own perceptions of literacy. Thank you for making me think about both very interesting topics.

@gaylesuggs8523 2 года назад

So enjoyed this video and learning about education and entire idea of literacy and what it meant. And really was excited to learn about the OrCam - what a wonderful tool for folks in so many different circumstances! I had a lot of trouble reading when I was young and first learned to read - it was just overwhelming until a few grades into school. Then it got better. But, I've always been a slow reader. And I have a tendency to let my mind wander, reading a paragraph and not having a clue what I just read. I got back and read it again. I have found if that's really a problem, I do better if I read it aloud - something about hearing a voice and seeing the words at the same time helped me to comprehend it. This was especially true for me when I first read Jane Austen - I had the read the entire first chapter of Pride and Prejudice aloud to get her pattern of writing "into my head or my inner ear" so I could follow it. Enough about me - thank you again for your wonderful videos. I always learn so much from you!

@dshe8637 2 года назад

That Orcam is fantastic. People shouldn't be held back by reading difficulties. Hope it's affordable and widely available

@MinistryOfCommonSense 2 года назад

It's £2,500 an amazing piece of kit, but ouch!

@TippyPuddles 2 года назад

Thanks for the Orcam ad. I am not diagnosed with dyslexia but I know I have it. Going to look into this.

@frostylunetta 2 года назад

🥰 Thanks Dr Kat for such wonderful historical information with explanations

@giraffequeen9437 2 года назад

My husband is dyslexic disgraphic and I suspected to have an audity processing disorder that's kind of like dyslexia but auditory + confirmed ADHD and this video was so awesome. I wish I had that kind of pen for my school days

@markbrown2749 2 года назад

Such clarity! I listen with rapt attention.

@rosevale3218 2 года назад

I find all your videos fascinating. This one was extremely enlightening. Look forward to watching more and learning more. Thank you.

@dawnmason9558 2 года назад

I am grateful that King Edward VI founded a lot of schools in his name that were for boys as well as Girls. I went to King Edward VI Grammar School for Girls in Birmingham where we have 7 schools in the Foundation. King Edward decreed that girls should be allowed to learn in Grammar schools as well as boys. I was told off by the head teachers of both my boys schools in Reception because they both were able to write their name & read . Apparently I taught them the wrong way!!

@lisam5744 2 года назад

Wonderful video. So many times our ancestors are dismissed because they didn't do things the way we do them now. This is such a disservice to them and what they can teach us. Thanks for changing things up from the typical dismissal. Oh, and I thought my family was the only one to give everything a name...my riding lawn mower is named Mowbert.

@belindagarza3958 2 года назад

Thank you for posting this. My son and husband are dyslexic and have the same difficulties. Its difficult for me to find appropriately sized and spaced text especially for history.

@dees3179 2 года назад

I think this is your best. Idea yet. Really enjoy it. Thank you Dr Kat.

@dees3179 2 года назад

I’m also dyslexic, not diagnosed until university. The most useful toolsI have found is speech recognition software (dragon) and mind mapping software (mind view). They help me get what is in my head out of my head and then organise it.