32 bit 3D printing - What it means and when you need it 

Except he didn't. Old 8 bit processors used in consoles had 8 bit registers and 16 bit addressing so they were not actually completely 8-bit CPU. And he comparing CPU speed 100 MHz vs 16 MHz and deciding "32 bit better". Use 8-bit at 100 MHz and you will have more than enough CPU speed for printing.

@@vladimirseven777 This is not the case for all old 8 bit processors; for example the 6502 did not have 16 bit addressing. What you are referring to are extensions to 8 bit memory spaces using bank switching in order to save costs or implement features ahead of their time. That there are exceptions and additions to an evolving design does not make the explanation of the basic design faulty.

@@louis-ericsimard7659 Not faulty, but very incomplete. Like modern AT-mega or Arduino are the same as old 8-bit processors. Bank switching in 16 bit processors was implemented to address memory above 65535 while pure 8-bit can address only 256 bytes.

@@StavrosKor It depends from application. For example if used for temperature measurement or digital to analog conversion 8 bit data bus or data width used in CPU it limited to max 8 bit capacity - from 0 to 255 (256 states). 16 bit (65536) or 32 bit (somewhere 4 billion +) - you can use better precision, for example work with 0.001 of temperature. But right now 1C degrees (for example from 20 to 275C) or stepper motor drivers (max 256 microsteps) seems enough.

@@vladimirseven777 That isn't true. You can basicly calculate everything in an 8bit processor to the same precision a 32bit processor can by concernating the calculations using things like carry-flags. The only problem is, that it takes a lot more clock cycles for your calculation. Modern 32bit CPU, like stm32, also come with an FPU (floating point unit) which handles floating point operation in much less cycles that the standart ALU of the Arduinos ATMega2560. Problem of the stepper driving is that the Software on a 8bit processors in use aren't able to drive more that 10.000 steps/s due to lack of ressources with the workaround of sending multiple steps at once to reach up to 40.000steps/s. This method is called double and quadstepping which you can find in configuration.h in the marlin files and produces an absolute horrible sound, vibrations and possibly steplosses, as seen in the video. More than 40.000 isn't possible at all without disturbing the whole software loop comprising things like closed loop temperature regulation, watching for endstops being hit, safety loops (temperature runaway)etc. Having 80steps/mm for X/Y axis at 16µSteps limits your movement to 125mm/s (=10000/80). If you increase the steps per mm by increasing the µStep-Number to let's say 256µSteps like the TMC allows you to do, you would be limited to ~8mm/s.

Thanks 👌

Thanks man

me also lol

Max Lindner what would be awesome but total over kill but take a 1st gen core i7 980-990 extreme and turn it into a 3d printer all in one board. , octo-print , arduino ide, a slice of your choice fusion 360 and or what ever else you can throw at it. Even a high end 1st gen xeon. X58 chip set board or what ever. For the lower cost but way to much process power lol man that would be sick. I wonder if it could be done. I assume so.

@@mitchh6471 I have seen a similar thing done before by a friend. Take a look at Klipper firmware. It's general idea is process the print via a PC and pipe it to the Arduino in the printer.

You can run Klipper on a RPI. Or a high-end multcore workstation if you have one spare lol.

@@BillyBobJimPatton I actually do have a couple of pc's standing around and collecting dust. William, I think this is one of the few occasions, where a youtube comment has given me the momentum to do something great!

@@maximilianlindner happy to have bucked the trend and give a useful YT comment. I should screenshot it and frame it as proof that it can happen haha I'd be interested to hear how you get on with trying it.

He was probably already working on it.

I don't own any h bot machines but I was under the impression two stepper inputs were needed for most movements. I may in fact be wrong, no problem admitting that.

Teaching Tech hey so I think I am in the wrong - I just saw you seeming to refer to the Ender 5 as H bot which it is not. So all good! Good video thank you!

Monday morning Aus time.

I have a video coming up soon. Done some hello world cuts with no issues so far.

Change Z Seam in cura to random to get rid of that line

@@tiaancordier3798 This does not solve the problem, just mask it, because the stopping point of each layer will be distributed randomly, leaving small dots all over the print surface. I think the better way is to sand that vertical line to get rid of it.

Gcode only does so much. It will say move from here to here but that doesn't account for acceleration or anything like that. Consider that the gcode is the same for a Cartesian printer vs a delta despite the greatly differing maths required.

no. and it's a bad 8 bit board too. it isn't designed for the trinamic drivers so they overheat.

I have two klipper videos coming up. Thanks for sharing.

@@TeachingTech from memory a 8bit system with 1/16 steppers (a4988) tops out around 160-180mm/s. With a ABL and linear advance its around 120mm/s which is still a lot higher than most users print at. Using klipper a arduino has 115200bps baud rate. Since we are only sending move data and sensor information we can use a ABL and LA and still print upwards of ~200mm/s.

Should give you about 25% speed increase and likely better quality - also I'd bet on the 32-bit horse for future expandability (eg. expect future firmware to run on 32-bit microcontrollers when 8-bit has too little program-space).

I haven't tested marlin 2.0 on an Ender board but on paper it should be fine. The Gen L is superior in every way to the Melzi, but there isn't any need to upgrade unless you want to use more IO pins or change stepper drivers.

Yes, as would MKS Gen L. It's because they both have extra stepper outputs and thermistor inputs.

I am thinking on using this, www.amazon.com/dp/B07R3VVJN4/ref=cm_sw_r_sms_apa_i_R5DfDb7BEW008, Do you think it will work for the ender 5?