Absolutely.I have seen 4 relatives suffer cancer, dementia, hypothyoidism and a psychiatric disorder.All 4 lived an average healthy lifestyle , yet still got what are referred to as Metabolic illnesses. If Ingredients in Staple Foods are contributing to such illnesses , then Government Regulators (The FDA) must regard this as a Public Health Issue.Until then , God Bless the "awareness raisers" that endeavour to prevent the suffering that chronic illness can bring .Thank you Doctor Lustig.
I was a diabetic and went off of processed food, no soda, no white rice, white bread, no bread period if I can help it, no pizza, maybe one slice, but really no sugar, only fresh fruit with the fiber, with the peeling, no juicing that's processing, fresh whole vegetables, organic chicken, grass feed beef, not often, no pork, fresh fish, no farm fish, because of the crap they feed them. Yes, I still like to eat out, no its not that healthy, but I try like the devil to eat the best I can. I do not sit there and fill up on bread!! I do not order dessert or drink alcohol either!! I use organic stevia in my tea. I lost 60 pounds. My diabetes is considered to be in remission my A1C is 5.4. This can be done. I have not been able to exercise due to a head injury this is been done purely off of diet actually it's a change of lifestyles!! Now, the biggest problem that I have is finding the best grocery store with the best produce!!
Freda, congratulations! Thank you sharing this success story. I also believe that eating right can do wonders to the body. Please teach us how you did it and here is why I ask. #1 Organic food is expensive most of us can't spend three times more on groceries than what we spend now #2 if we could afford it, we would have to cook or prepare it fast because it will spoil #3 It takes more time to cook it. i.e. brown rice or brown pasta takes longer to cook than white rice or white pasta. I bought low carb tortillas the other day and they took a lot longer to cook than regular tortillas. Any advice would be helpful for families where both husband and wife work and spend a lot of time running around town commuting from point A to point B.
Mr. hrfister hi Mr. hrfister, good work on the actions taken this far! As someone who is gluten intolerant, I know it can be hard to switch off of all the breads and grains we eat. My biggest suggestion is go cold turkey and ditch the grains all together. Getting substitutes (gluten free, low carb etc) just means they are putting different chemicals in it. If you can’t afford organic or grass fed produce and meat yet, don’t worry! It is better to have non organic produce than none at all. My favorite things to do are sauté veggies (any and all veggies work, though I stay away from white potatoes) or spiralize and use those as pasta. If you don’t have a ton of tome, spiralizing and cooking take about 15 minutes. It’s longer to heat up the sauce. Most people don’t realize either that cooked veggies stay better than pretty much anything else. If you make veggie pasta or soup or stir fry, the leftovers are good for a while in the fridge. And while lettuce and spinach can get wilted in the fridge, darker greens can stay good for quite a while especially if you stick a paper towel into the package (mixed greens seem to go bad faster) Lastly, love me some frozen veggies. I know they have a bad rep, but provided you buy fresh frozen veggies (none of that added nonsense) they are quick, cheap, healthy, long lasting, and generally keep flavor better than most fresh foods. So while shopping, think frozen veggies, fresh veggies, some meat, some cheese, some dairy and eggs and get out. It means eating more with forks than your hands, but believe me, it will be an easier way to make the transition. Hope this helps! And good luck!
Mr. hrfister canned beans is the answer! I’m single, older and can’t spend hours cooking. I buy them on sale, low salt if possible. Either way I drain one week’s worth and place in container with water & vinegar and refrigerate. They remain fresh for longer than one week, are less salty, plump up and pick up the taste of whatever vinegar you put in. I use apple cider vinegar but you can experiment with vinegar that you use. Just add to salads or other foods that you cook, always available and healthy
history will look back at this guy as a true hero, a giant. the work he has done to wake people up, courageously fighting the good fight for humanity. Bucking the system to find the solutions to literally save children's lives. immense.
I watch so many videos from Dr. Lustig at this point, and every one still has nuggets I never heard in the others. This guy seriously is one of the most important people in the last decade - I sure wish our world would listen to what the hell he says.
I just watched this guy's videos, and they should be required viewing in every home and school in America... PERIOD. We are getting slowly poisoned by every major corporation in the world, and quite frankly, they should all be in jail, along with their bankster criminal conspirators.
Dr Lustig understands this subject inside out, he absolutely nails it in every stream. Please watch more of his videos if you want to understand this subject better.
I feel huge gratitude towards this man. I was casually watching his famous 2009 lecture on sugar and thought I should stop eating sugary junk food and I should be ok. That was 2016. Boy I was wrong. I'm from a culture which has too much carbs in food all 3 meals in th day. Fast forward 5 years, I got diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. I rewatched his lecture again and now I could relate and comprehend many things I missed earlier.
Also need to lower fat intake. And a lot of Asian countries have meats cooked in a lot of oil so need to avoid that also and anything fried. It’s not easy to eat healthy nowadays.
bs, u also eat lots of fat don't u? and 90% chance u have BMI 23+ Lose weight (10-15kg) and diabetes will be gone 90% of the time for new a diabetic patients
@@briansounalath Your main concern should be eliminating carbs and sugar and sticking to healthy fats, a whole food diet with fermented foods, is your best option, how are you doing now a yr later?
Is it fair to consider an uncontrollable sugar habit to be synonymous with an uncontrollable drug or alcohol havmbot, except that sugar is so widespread, society says "that doesnt count?"
@@michaelm5405 Food criminals are hiding sugar in all kinds of products you would not suspect, like mayonnaise and canned vegetables, our daily bread and plain yoghurt. I can read the package, I can recognise all of the 50 different names to cloak pure sugar under. And if I can, you can do that too.
Well spoken, well educated and well read physician speaking out against the sugar industry. Kudos to Dr Lustig and CrossFit for pushing this up the pipeline.
Green: he's talking about ADDED sugars and "free fructose," particularly fruit juice that WIC has been letting poor families with children have by the barrel.
@@susanmercurio1060 Getting an education is the first step. Educating our representatives is the second step. Passing the proper Laws to protect & defend & prosecute Law breakers Is the third. We can do it ! Not only for ourselves, But also for the future generations who will walk in our foot steps and remember. ❤
@@pierreporter9196 : Our representatives aren't interested in doing a damned thing for us. They are more interested in supporting their donors' interests, and that includes the food industry. We need to overhaul the system and put a better one in its place. Read the Declaration of Independence.
Also trolls who work for the processed food industry, vegans because he eats meat & says too much fructose is a problem, and thin people who are upset because they could still be sick even if they're not fat. Other people are upset because he doesn't look like an athlete & they think looks are the only measure of what you know about nutrition.
Robin Lillian also watch out for body positivity movement saying you can be fat and still healthy, and intuitive eating is great cause your body just tells you what it needs. Just like body of crack addict tells him that it needs crack.
I know you need someone to hate, BUT the body positive movement does NOT tell people to eat sugar or junk food. It tells them not to hate themselves for being fat--just to keep exercising and eating well even if they don't lose weight, and don't give up because people like you hate them. Plenty of thin people eat piles and piles of sugar. Weight gain is just a symptom of insulin resistance & other diseases, like hypothyroidism, that not everybody gets. Yes, Yes, I know--how DARE fat people not hate themselves! They might actually expect to be treated with as much respect as an actual crack addict!!! Horror!!
Robin Lillian nothing wrong with body positivity idea. nothing wrong with not hating yourself. that's all great. shame though that most people who claim they belong to said movement are basically promoting unhealthy lifestyle. look at Tess Holliday. Is she eating healthy and spreading message of loving your body regardless of size or is she promoting exclusively fat people while claiming she is perfectly healthy (which with her size is straight up impossible)?
RU-vid is so loaded with hate videos about her that it's not surprising you have a negative opinion of her. Certainly, she's just as entitled to express an opinion, right or wrong, as any other thin celebrity, whether it's about food or crop circles. That doesn't make her an authority on the subject. Here are some actual examples from the Health At Every Size movement: www.healthnotdiet.com www.sizediversityandhealth.org/content.asp?id=76
Dr Lustig is the 21 century pioneer in true healing for humanity. Ethical, tireless, and most of all, a true hero fighting his own medical fields, pharmaceutical cos and the food conglomerates! Thanks so much for the new video.
I am a big fan of Dr Robert lustig. He changed my eating habits and how I used to eat food. Changed my life in a positive way. Everyone should listen to him.
True. I returned to the diet I consumed as a boy in the 1950's early 60's. Protein, fat, lots of vegetables, occasional fruit, no added sugar, no processed foods. We had the occasional popsicle, ice cream treat, or small soda pop back then, and too much orange juice probably but every thing we ate did not taste sweet. My body has returned to the thin build I always had, shed fifty pounds, my mind is clear again. No sugar! Absolutely no High Fructose Corn Syrup.!
Going to be tough. It took decades to get smoking numbers below 20% nationally. Can't imagine how difficult it will be with sugar when 99% of the country lives on it.
It would've been a little easier if the FDA had not delayed the new nutrition labels until 2020. The new labels specifically state "added" sugars. Sugar in whole food, like fruit, perfectly OK. Added sugars should be avoided as much as possible.
It's fairly easy to look over the ingredients label and see the sugars listed. But, of course, you have to know what they're calling them. The latest is "corn sugar" which is high fructose corn syrup rebranded after years of litigation. Corn syrup that is NOT high fructose is glucose. HIGH fructose corn syrup is mostly fructose. ALL added sugars are bad for you. Fructose is the worst. Table and baking sugars are half fructose and half glucose. Honey is also half fructose and half glucose. Odd, isn't it? Most common sugars are half and half with some different flavors in them--natural flavors, but still half fructose. And ALL added.
thank you thank you thank you for this video , I have been an advocate of Dr Lustig since watching "sugar the bitter truth " , which he did many years ago.
DR's New Account what part did you miss, when he say that in like 50% of food we eat through the day, we even don't know we eat sugar? Or fact that just in single piece of any processed food can be so much sugar, you will need to eat like 10 pounds of vegetables or fruits to match that sugar intake. And one soda can be just a 1/10 of daily processed food intake for some people, who can not afford other than processed food. You see where we going? People can without even knowing eat even x50 amount of what would be acceptable dose of sugar per day. He also say many times, he is not against sugar, just against processed food, which main supplement is sugar and because how much is it in those food, people not even knowing. Even i from non native English area, did understand when he say our liver can process a limited amount of sugar(especially through fruits and vegetables which contains a lot more fiber than sugar itself). Which is logical in some ways as there are fruits and vegetables in our world. So we are through evolution certainly adapted to limited amount of sugar intake. But most people are now overdosed on daily basis by many times, which is a problem. Not sugar itself. So the only moron must be you, because it seems you can't do even simple thing right, which is understanding properly what he say.
WOW...what a revelation on sugar being like alcohol to children. God bless this man for telling it like it is!!! Must be hard to talk to carb-a-holics all of the time and explain this...I have been off sugar and carbs for several months...it is giving me my life back! I am 60 years old:) Working out most days of the week and sleep well...no bloat...no moodiness anymore. I plan on living this way to have some real vitality in my older years of life. Carbaholics fuel the medical/pharmaceutical industries
Thank you Dr. Lusting, your videos changed my life completely and I am free from sugar, processed food and alcohol. even not going to gym loos 12kg in 2years.and I am sharing you videos to friends in order to save so many lives. Big Thank you, ' WISH YOU LONG LIFE' YOU ARE AN ANGEL
Why drop wheat and grains? You could have lost weight while still having wheat berries and other intact whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, oat groats, quinoa, barley etc.
I lost about 15 pounds(218 to 203) in the last couple of weeks cutting the sugar and heavily processed foods My breath is better mouth used to taste awful.. Don't feel exhausted anymore. don't feel tired or sleepy after waking up. NO more headaches anymore.. No headaches triggered by certain stuff :D
@Olivia esddms Carbs in all forms cause blood sugar spikes. The reason why most vegetables are still okay is because leafy greens and such have such a low calorie count that even if it's all carbs, it has little effect. But when you spike your blood sugar, your body generates insulin. The insulin prevents your fat cells from sending Leptin to the hypothalamus. Your brain then assumes that you're starving and need to cap your energy expenditure and store more energy (fat). So eating a moderate to high carb diet will naturally result in less usable energy in the body (feeling like crap), less control over weight gain, and cravings for more food that you don't need. I recommend Robert Lustig's book Fat Chance if you want to learn more about what carbs do to the body.
@@MitoseNorikoFan ... I did read a bit about the effect of carbs overall, and what I got out of it is: - fructose is particularly harmful. - most carbs are fine as long as you are insulin sensitive, and it's quite hard to become resistant without fructose, alcohol, or some other factor. - subcutaneous fat can look bad, but is mostly harmless, and you can have a whole lot of it while still being healthy. - if you exercise with a high intensity (weightlifting) or for an abnormaly long duration (long distance running) carbs are useful. Overall, rice and potatoes aren't going to be a terrible impact on your health.
@@Olivia-W First of all, I would never try to make the absurd claim that consuming carbs in all shapes and forms will kill you. I don't believe that. What I take issue with is the Western culture that every single protein product must necessarily have a carb to go with it. Steak? Mashed potatoes. Bacon eggs? Toast. Burger? Buns. I have no issue eating high carb diets like the Japanese or Vietnamese diet. Secondly, you have to be incredibly careful about hidden sugars when you buy "just rice and potatoes" Even when it seems like there is no reason to, I've found almost entirely meat (no sauce) products that somehow sneak a pile of sugar into the recipe. The same is true for all food in the West. The best way to avoid bad carbs is to be vigilant against all carbs Third, if you're seriously trying to cut fructose without cutting other carbs, good luck. You'll need it. But it also sounds really counter productive to give up the benefits of keto for...potatoes? Like I said before, if I could move back to my home in Vietnam, I'd gladly reintroduce a high-carb diet back to my life. But not while I live in the West.
Dr Lustig I have stopped drinking soda and recently have cut out processed food and i have lost 20 pounds because of you. I was up to 156 pounds at 5"2" and almost type 2 diabetic. I have you to thank. I am now 134 and I did not even really want to lose weight it happened because my doctor told me my fasting sugar was 120. Now i am a great 73 fasting. I am spreading the news!!!
If you have type 2 Diabetes, you should sue Betty Crocker. All of her quick, easy to prepare meals, like potatoes au gratin, noodles almondine, mac and cheese, hamburger helper and tuna helper. That would also include cake mix, brownie mix, etc. These are processed foods to avoid.
Thank you so much! I am done with counting calories. I am now going to qet sugar and junk food out if my diet. Thank you for clearing up all the confusion.
Suzanne: counting calories is still a good idea. Getting added sugars out of your diet is helpful, though, as you realize you can then eat more decent food than before when your calories aren't spent on empty calories.
Following the food pyramid and a "balanced diet" led me into becoming pre-diabetic with severe health issues. It is unbelievable to many that eating high fat foods such as grass fed beef and butter, pasture raised eggs, organic avocados, etc have brought me into the best health of my life and remarkable weight loss.
Have watched about 5 presentations by Dr. Lustig. Have suffered from "metabolic syndrome" for many years without really understanding it. We, my wife and I, know what to do now and are implementing it. Everything he is saying makes total sense to us, the good, the bad and the ugly. 10 stars for Dr. Lustig and his work or whatever is the top of the scale. Thank you! Thank you! Thank you!
@@eldanijel Not well. A Vegan diet is a deficient diet- no question about it. I tried to do it once- did not work out at all and I knew what I was doing- studied this stuff for 10 years. You simply can't get what you need- no complete proteins and lacks about 20 key nutrients including B vitamins and proteins that your body needs.
@@MOAB-UT Why do you think you need "complete" proteins? There's no science behind your statement, in spite of your statement that you "studied this stuff for 10 years". (I am not a vegan, but noticed quite a few of your comments are on these lines.)
@@pynn1000 The body requires complete proteins to effectively do what it does. Cells are either growing or dying- no in between son. That is a simple concept. There is a lot of science behind everything I say. You would be best off asking me a serious question and be in learning mode instead of trying to insult the professor. Yes- in 10 years I have learned a lot.
This man's right on the money. I've been following an approach similar to his and have reversed type 2 diabetes to the point where it's diagnostically undetectable. Both a surgeon who recently cut me up and an eye doctor who looked at the back of my eyeballs both told me that they did not see any signs of type 2 damage. I cut carbohydrates out of my diet and started eating real food. Other interesting things happened. I stopped having chest pains, my energy levels evened out, ED went away, and i started working out. I've been eating a low carb diet for 6 years now and there's no turning back, for me.
I dunno why i'd want bread. I totally forgot why i needed it. I do best on 0-30 carbs, so i stick to that. Anything beyond that makes my appetite out of control.
@@StephanieArtVideos as vegan: following the guidelines, so basically carbs. As keto/carniovore, following the stricter guidelines ( no more than 20g/day of carb and mostly fat ).
He is correct, alcohol and fructose cause fatty liver and diabetes. I know very few people who can get their heads around this. That's cake, sodas, cookies, ice-cream, yoghurt, candies, honey, fruit, maple syrup, corn and more.
@@douglasscovil3447 : Most fruits also contain most of the B vitamins, Vit C, minerals, and fiber. Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater. You have to look at the total diet, too, not just one component. If the rest of the diet doesn't have much sugar, you can afford to eat a little fructose in a piece of fruit.
@@susanmercurio1060 I also think fruit and corn are good. Boiled corn in salt water tastes very good :), and nutritious. So are fruit. An apple a day :).
@@douglasscovil3447 Dr Lustig points out that whole fruit is a healthy package including significant amounts of fibres, different from fructose used as a cheap industrial food ingredient.
If the world had more people like you, it would be a better place. You make a difference, Dr Igudia thank you for curing my Type 2 Diabetes and introducing your medical products to the worlds
Wake up, America! I'm sharing this with my representatives at State and Federal levels. Education is the key; My people perish for lack of knowledge. Years ago was able to get my elderly father off ALL medication for type 2 diabetes by changing his diet...in 3 days!
Dr Lustig's book 'Fat Chance' really goes into the nuances of how diet and exercise work. People who exercise frequently, especially with HIIT and resistance training, are usually able to process more carbs than someone who is not very active and already sick. For those looking for the cure against added sugar and fructose, here it is in a nutshell: eat real foods (not processed), eat some fiber with each meal (especially meals with sugar/carbs), and exercise frequently. Those alone will improve anyone's health significantly no matter where you are on the weight spectrum.
Just skip all grains , potatoes and fruits ! Going LCHF the majority of the population will see positive results . Why ,a similar diet keeps reappearing for over the last 150 years since it works. Starting with Banting and many variations in between too.
Don’t miss the oils. Processed seed oils are worse than sugar. Search out cleaner oils. Make sure the oil you are buying is single source and verified 100% pure.
Very informative. I was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes after I crossed the 200# line and I have been calling it the fat disease. Am so glad to learn the truth. Now I feel I have a fighting chance
Dr Robert Lustig you are my hero. You have literally changed my life for the better. Changed my diet to quality meat, green leafy veg, butter, eggs and goats milk. Cut out ALL the junk foods and any sweet tasting fruit. I also drink 2 litres of spring water a day.
Dr. Robert Lustig in one of the few people in this country that should be hailed as a true and authentic and veritable hero. He is certainly my hero. Although I am a typical loner in my daily life, my awareness of belonging to the invisible community of those who strive for truth, beauty and justice has prevented me from feelings of isolation.
Amen, brother. The question is, to what extent is this segregated individualism and societal "disconnect" an orchestrated phenomenon and what sinister motives lie at the base of it?
Dr. Lustig's original lecture on sugar years ago caused me to change my eating habits. I eventually became a raw vegan. I feel like I'm in heaven everyday 👌🏿
What is your current health status? You still look heavy. Veganism will eventually lead to several nutrient deficiencies, 100%, even if you mentally FEEL good today. Trust this or you will find out. I did.
I am an Lpn nurse now in RN school. I wrote a paper on the negative effects of sugar and how it contributes to chronic diseases....my nursing professor told me choose another subject....since we had to present our papers..... Yea I got chewed out....for my topic she began to discredit me saying I fo not know what I am talking about.
l believe this man 100 percent. If you can study the fundamentals of biochemistry , Lustig makes perfect sense. The politics of this can disrupt the economy.
I listen to your lectures over and over and I bought some of your books. I never want to eat sugar again. I lost 35 lbs in 5 weeks and I feel great. But why do people's eyes glaze over when I tell them sugar is bad for them?
Finally the video I’ve been looking for! I just got my A1C results back and I’m at 5.7 when I was at 6.3! I reversed my pre-diabetes by going Paleo and stopped eating processed foods and processed sugars and exercising moderately with weights! I’m so excited! You can do it guys just cook 90% of your food and eat super clean and natural foods you have to cook from scratch with no processed food. Also cut out cane sugar and anything fructose corn syrup and only use fruits, honey, dates, real maple syrup, agave, coconut sugar, go Paleo!! Start of doing Whole 30 and then be Paleo after that! You’ll feel better in general! Good luck! 🙏🏾👍🏾
I grow all my own veg and fruit, and I fish, but between that, hens, preserving, and cooking, it takes a great deal of my time. I feel sorry for those who have to work 2 jobs to pay the bills and still have young kids. How can they find the time to make real food? They certainly can't afford grass-fed beef, but it's hard for them to find the time to make a meal of real food. I feel bad for them.
There isn't a word for diabetes in most of the tribes where I come from. Funny thing is, most, if not all the tribes call it "the sugar disease" Because diabetes was unheard of before colonialism. Makes you think.
Charlie K. When I was young, in the USA, they called it sugar diabetes. In the olden days the doctor smelled a persons urine, if it smelled sweet the doctor knew what you had.
4 months ago I was diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes. My HbA1c (blood glucose) was 73 mmol/mol. Since then I have moved to a mainly wholefoods diet with little processed food and no UPF. I eat many organic things where possible. I eat strictly pumpernickel for bread, no refined carbs, no potatoes, ZERO added sugar and control carb portions to around 50g per meal. I enjoy cheese, fatty natural yoghurt, whole milk and snack on nuts, which keeps my fat intake at a good level. Kimchi, sauerkraut and yoghurt help my microbiome. I have also done a morning workout (exercise bike and weights) 4-5 times a week and have taken 500mg of Metformin twice a day. In 4 months I have lost 17.5Kg/2St 10lbs/38.5lbs and my blood test results today show a HbA1c of 36mmol/mol, which is amazing!
Genius. Absolutely true. I work in hospital; we have more and more diabetic patients now. Even physicians need to educate patients about diet; to eliminate sugar and processed food. We only need to eat whole clean foods for our microbiomes.
Who can afford to buy fresh quality food? It's out of reach for most of us ....... If healthy food was cheap most people would naturally eat it THis is root of the problem that is never talked about, let alone addressed!
Perhaps put a warning label that says UNNATURAL FOOD on all the crap. Instead of having an "organic" sticker on what is natural food. It might help people.
Thank you Dr. Lustig and God bless you and keep you fighting for us. This video is one of the most exact and clear about what the food and the pharmaceutical industry have done to us with the government help.
Of course diabetes would be an Egyptian word. The Ancient Egyptians were among the first to get diabetes. They didn't have cane sugar or High Fructose Corn Syrup. They did have dates, figs (very sweet fruits) plus honey. That's enough to give you diabetes if you are susceptible. The more fructose you eat, the more likely you are to get sick.
I only consume eggs, unprocessed cheese, broiled fish and seafood, non fried meats. Lost 67 pounds and blood sugar now normal. A1c went from 14.7 to 6.1
I'm sure he knows what he's up against--enormous political campaign contributions by the sugar and processed food industry that may rule the day unless the public can be educated into what's causing the physical issues he mentions--but it can be an uphill battle.
What a good man! I searched and watched every video of Dr. Lustig that I can find and got impressed and moved every time. US needs more Dr. Lustig and human beings today need more Dr. Lustig!
50 years ago Professor John Judkin said it was not fat that was the problem. It was sugar. He was dismissed from his job. He made a new career on TV quizzes.
Thank you for being the dedicated, thoughtful, and compassionate doctor that you are, you are more honest than I imagined, thank you so much Dr Igudia RU-vid channel for curing my type 2 Diabetes, you are amazing
Gladiator of Nutrition If everyone truly wants to take a "bite out of crime" so to speak, how about we all refuse to poison ourselves any further, ending the processed food fad, and help bankrupt the crooks, putting them out of business. Take a bite out of crime, silence the violence of diseases!
I started a keto diet and you would not believe how much fat I lost and the muscle I retained adding intermittent fasting! I 100 per cent agree your body does NOT need sugar at all to live and survive! I’m 40 and so much better no then when I was 22!!! clean keto diet is the way for me limiting dairy and I’m feeling fantastic! I’ve lost 25 kg so far I also found an amazing CrossFit box and I loveeeeee it!!!!!
Diabetes was one of the first diseases described,[112] with an Egyptian manuscript from c. 1500 BCE mentioning "too great emptying of the urine."[113] The Ebers papyrus includes a recommendation for a drink to take in such cases.[114] The first described cases are believed to have been type 1 diabetes.[113] Indian physicians around the same time identified the disease and classified it as madhumeha or "honey urine", noting the urine would attract ants.[113][114] The term "diabetes" or "to pass through" was first used in 230 BCE by the Greek Apollonius of Memphis.[113] The disease was considered rare during the time of the Roman empire, with Galen commenting he had only seen two cases during his career.[113] This is possibly due to the diet and lifestyle of the ancients, or because the clinical symptoms were observed during the advanced stage of the disease. Galen named the disease "diarrhea of the urine" (diarrhea urinosa).[115] The earliest surviving work with a detailed reference to diabetes is that of Aretaeus of Cappadocia (2nd or early 3rd century CE). He described the symptoms and the course of the disease, which he attributed to the moisture and coldness, reflecting the beliefs of the "Pneumatic School". He hypothesized a correlation between diabetes and other diseases, and he discussed differential diagnosis from the snakebite, which also provokes excessive thirst. His work remained unknown in the West until 1552, when the first Latin edition was published in Venice.[115] Two types of diabetes were identified as separate conditions for the first time by the Indian physicians Sushruta and Charaka in 400-500 CE with one type being associated with youth and another type with being overweight.[113] The term "mellitus" or "from honey" was added by the Briton John Rolle in the late 1700s to separate the condition from diabetes insipidus, which is also associated with frequent urination.[113] Effective treatment was not developed until the early part of the 20th century, when Canadians Frederick Banting and Charles Herbert Best isolated and purified insulin in 1921 and 1922.[113] This was followed by the development of the long-acting insulin NPH in the 1940s.[113] Etymology[edit] The word diabetes (/ˌdaɪ.əˈbiːtiːz/ or /ˌdaɪ.əˈbiːtɪs/) comes from Latin diabētēs, which in turn comes from Ancient Greek διαβήτης (diabētēs), which literally means "a passer through; a siphon".[116] Ancient Greek physician Aretaeus of Cappadocia (fl. 1st century CE) used that word, with the intended meaning "excessive discharge of urine", as the name for the disease.[117][118] Ultimately, the word comes from Greek διαβαίνειν (diabainein), meaning "to pass through,"[116] which is composed of δια- (dia-), meaning "through" and βαίνειν (bainein), meaning "to go".[117] The word "diabetes" is first recorded in English, in the form diabete, in a medical text written around 1425.
