Difference between a Capacitor and Battery? Origins of Capacitor? How capacitor is made? & what is principle of a capacitor?
A capacitor is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance.
The capacitor was originally known as a condenser. The original name is still widely used in many languages, but not commonly in English.
The physical form and construction of practical capacitors vary widely and many capacitor types are in common use. But generally, a capacitor is a system of two conductors separated by an insulator. Most capacitors contain at least two electrical conductors often in the form of metallic plates or surfaces separated by a dielectric medium. A conductor may be a foil, thin film, sintered bead of metal, or an electrolyte.
The electric field in the region between the conductors is proportional to the charge Q. Now, potential difference V is the work done per unit positive charge in taking a small test charge from the one conductor to other against the field. Consequently, V is also proportional to Q, and the ratio Q/V is a constant:
The constant C is called the capacitance of the capacitor.
Important to note that C is independent of Q or V. The capacitance C depends only on the geometrical configuration (shape, size, separation) of the system of two conductors.
The SI unit of capacitance is 1 farad (=1 coulomb volt-1)
*********************
NCERT Physics Class 12
Chapter - Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Link to the complete playlist of NCERT Part 1 Class 12 - • Introduction to Electr...
Link to Next Video in playlist - Parallel Plate Capacitor
• Parallel Plate Capacit...
Link to Previous Video in playlist - Relation between Field and Potential
• Relation between Field...
19 мар 2017
