One I recently learned is 紹介 (shoukai) and 소개 (so-gae), "introduction." Another one is 階段 (kaidan) and 계단 (kyedan), "stairs." Chinese-derived vocabulary across East Asian languages is very neat, but I'm even more fascinated by similarities in the native vocabularies of Korean and Japanese.
Nope, the vocabularies of both languages that sound similar are originated from ancient Chinese(so-called cino-korean and cino-japanese), and both words had been existed way before the Japanese occupation of Korea. Those words share the same origin thus sound similar.
If it's not related to Chinese, vocabularies of Korean and Japanese are significantly different; Sky-하늘[Haneul]-そら[Sora], Snow-눈[Nun]-ゆき[Yuki], Ocean-바다[Bada]-うみ[Umi], Face-얼굴[Eolgul]-かお[Kao], Root-뿌리[Bburi]-ね[Ne] etc...
Some does, some doesn't. There are many wasei-kango in Korean like competition(shiai->shihap), society(shakai->sahoe), but many words are from old chinese word like easy(jiandan=kandan=kandan).
@@tofu8415 You are right. This is similar in Japanese by adding する to make a noun into a verb. There are hundreds if not thousands of such verbs in Japanese and Korean. The two languages are very similar in grammar.
@@engsudatta276 yap, ...and sometimes they share same vocabulary (hanja).... The Korean mixed script will look like the current Japanese way, except the kanas replaced by hangul.
There are much more than ten, but thousands and thousands of loanwords borrowed from Middle Chinese that are highly similar between Korean and Japanese.
I started learning Korean after studying Japanese and I wanted a list of ALL the homonyms between the languages. Can’t find a very extensive one just a few like this video. Koreans think all words with hanja must be easy for anyone who knows Japanese but they change the pronunciation a lot on some of them.
the trick is to know some of the patterns when comparing the onyomi for both languages. for example, any reading with the diphtong "ai" in Japanese will usually be read as "ㅐ" (ae) in Korean. e.g. Kanji English Japanese Korean 愛 love あい 애 毎 every まい 매 対 toward たい 대 才 talent さい 재 来 arrive らい 래 the good thing about Korean onyomi is that usually there is only one reading per character as opposed to the multiple readings usually found in many kanji. thus if you know the korean onyomi of the kanji you can safely convert Sino-Japanese vocabulary into its Korean counterpart e.g. Vocab English Japanese Korean 博愛 charity はくあい 백애 毎週 per week まいしゅう 매주 反対 opposition はんたい 반대 天才 genius てんさい 천재 未来 future みらい 미래 tips some readings, particularly those that start with ㄹ, will start with ㅇ if at the beginning of the word. for example 六 (ろく) can either be read as 륙 or 육, but 육 is more common because when the kanji is used as a standalone word it is the beginning of the word. However, if you have the word 16 (십육), despite its spelling it will actually be read like 십륙 (which, when assimilated, will sound like 심뉵). other than that korean and japanese are pretty similar languages. best of luck to your learning!
Those words (and many more!) are similar for two reasons: 1. Both Korean and Japanese adopted a lot of the words from Classical Chinese. While these Chinese words are different from Modern Mandarin, Mandarin speakers (as well as Cantonese, Hokkien, etc.) can understand the Chinese words written in the Korean/Japanese way. 2. Some Japanese wasei-kango (Japanese-style Chinese words) came into Korea during the colonial occupation.
There is a 3rd one which is that Japanese and Korean likely have some common ancestor thousands of years ago and thus share several native words too (or at least similar sounding words). However, we're talking over 2000 of history so they've had a lot of time to diverge. You'll see some more similarities between Proto-Koreanic and Proto-Japonic though.
This is really interesting but also expected as Korean had a very similar writing system using Chinese characters and native ones in a mixed script like Japanese. A lot of Chinese loan words are within both languages and they retain older pronunciations from middle Chinese, which is why they have similarities between eachother, but not to modern mandarin. Since the 70s, hanja (Korean kanji) have fallen out of fashion and are seldom used outside of academic contexts and headlines.
actually, chinese characters entered korea and japan before the middle chinese period. They often use Japanese and Korean pronunciations of characters to reconstruct Old Chinese. So, there are some pronunciations of characters that are similar to Hokkien dialect of Chinese (which preserves Old Chinese pronunciations). For example, the number "five" is "wu" in Mandarin, "go" in Hokkien, "go" in Japanese, and "o" in Korean.
Over 70% of Korean words are made of Chinese character If one word uses same combination of Chinese character between Korean and Japanese have no choice but to similar pronounciation of course include Chinese
한자어를 제외하고, 한국어와 일본어의 고유어에서는 유사한 부분이 존재하고 어순이나 두 언어의 다른 특징에서도 비슷한 면이 많아 두 언어가 동계어가 아니냐는 가설이 계속 제기되고 있지만, 아직까지 명확한 확증은 없어 이러한 가설은 지속적으로 부인되고 있습니다. 그리고 이건 또 다른 문제인데요, 한국과 일본의 역사적, 정치적 갈등이 해소되지 못해 한국과 일본이 같은 뿌리에서 시작했다는 가설이 이러한 정치적 이유 및 민족적 반감 때문에 양국의 학계에서 받아들여지지 못하거나 서로에게 유리한 쪽으로 해석되고 있습니다. 대표적으로 반도일본어설이랑 한반도 도래인 설이 있죠. 코멘트 창에서 양국의 정치적 갈등을 조장하고 싶지는 않으니 이 이야기는 여기서 끝맺겠습니다.
한국어와 일본어가 같은 어족이라는 가설은 현재는 상당히 부정되고 있지요. 가장 큰 근거는 기초 고유어간의 유사성이 없다는 점입니다. 숫자, 가족관계, 기본 자연(해 달 바다 강 산 나무 돌 등등...)에 대한 고유어에서 유사성이 거의 없습니다. 한자어의 발음이 비슷한것은 원래 중국어 발음에서 따온것이라서 그런것이구요. 현재는 한국어는 한국어족, 일본어는 일본어족으로 양쪽다 유래를 알수 없는 단독 고유어족으로 분류되고 있지요.
한국 뿐만 아니라 중국 포함 동아시아는 근대 일본식한자어 영향을 많이 받음. 서양의 근현대 교양지식, 행정, 법, 과학, 시스템 등을 한자로 번역하려했지만, 동아시아 세계관에선 없는 추상적 개념들이라 당시 국제적 교류를 많이 한 일본의 지식인들이 그나마 유사하게 번역가능한 한자어로 새로 창조해냄. 민주주의 과학 행정 철학 자동차 사회 우편 단교 외교 -화 -식 등등 수천, 수만개의 파생어가 근현대화 과정에서 동아시아 곳곳에 쓰이게 됨. 객관적이고 격조높고 잘 다듬어진 글은 전부 일본식 한자어가 쓰임. 극소수의 순한국말을 제외하면 현대한국어는 표기는 한글로 할 지언정 실질적으론 일본식한자어로 시스템을 운용하고 지탱 중임. 한편, 문해력은 한자를 직접 쓰고 외우기 보단 신문사설이나 책을 많이 읽으면 됨. 다독하면 한자"음"에 대한 센스가 늘어나서 작문 또는 처음 보는 단어에 대한 유추능력이 자라남.
In my personal opinion, North Korean is bit closer to Japanese pronounciation than South Korean. In South Korean, there is a phonetic rule that changes most words that start with "l" or "r" into "y" and "n". For example, the Korean word for Japanese word for cooking 料理(ryōri) is 요리(yori) in South Korean. However, it is 료리(ryori) in North Korean.
In Taiwanese: 約束 iok-sok 家族 ka-tso̍k 料理 liāu-lí 無理 bû-lí / bô-lí 調味料 tiâu-bī-liāu 道路 tō-lōo 家具 ka-kū 簡單 kán-tan “氣分” pronounced khì-hun in Taiwanese, but we don't use this word. And there is a similar word 氣氛 khì-hun.
@@caturion5453 “pronounced the same in every Hokkien dialects” ARE YOU SURE ? Have you ever heard the proverb “十里不同音” ? At least I couldn't communicate with people who use Zhangzhou Hokkien dialects like Haklau Minnan or Longyan Minnan users.
You upload so many videos and I’m here just counting the days until I finish learning italian so that I can begin watching your videos to progress in my japanese
They are completely different. Not similar at all. These words happen to be similar most likely because they're load words. Japanese and Korean are two completely different languages. Not even slightly related whatsoever.
@@shishinonaito I have to disagree since the grammar is extremely similar. Of course having shared loan words is also helpful . Both languages have phonetic alphabets. The languages are of course completely separate, but they are considered possible to learn together since the grammar is almost the same. It’s kind of like to learning Latin Languages. Yes, they’re different, but easy to learn once you can understand one (so if you learn Spanish you can learn Italian easily, for example). The same is true about learning Korean and Japanese.
Many people claim that Korean and Japanese are derived from Chinese, but this is not true. The example word"rouri,yori（料理）" was created in Japan around 1900 and was probably reimported to China. In Chinese, "cai" (菜) is the predominant word. As this example shows, language development in East Asia is a bit more complecated,and there are likely to have been many interrelated influences. Of course, it is undisputed that Chinese characters themselves are a Chinese invention.
Not really the words. Many words were coined by the Japanese and came back to Chinese. But Chinese characters were Chinese. Many people didn't distinguish words and character.
There are hundreds of Japanese-invented Chinese phrases (和制漢語）which have been imported into the Chinese vocabulary, such as 民主 democracy，自然 nature， science 科学，textbooks 教科書， club 俱楽部， freedom 自由，constitution 憲法，parliament 囯会。The recent ones are 告白 love confession 人気 popularity，便当 lunch box，通勤 commute ，中二病 ，壁咚 kabedon ，雨男 rain man。
@@GoodGood-vb8gm Come up with evidence to refute those rumors that speaking modern Chinese in China is inseparable from Japanese and Japanese language In 1872, the American missionary Lu Gongming compiled "Hua Ying Cui Lin Yun Fu", which included "telegraph", "battery", "light", "molecules", "democratic country", "geology", "physics", "optics". ", "Theory", "Dynamics", "Congress", "Conference", "Taxes", "Functions", "Differentials", "Algebraic Curves", "Coastal", "Compass", "Lightning", "Menu" Chinese-English translation of words such as "line" and "parabola" [17]. These dictionaries were all passed down to Japan, and were used for reference in the compilation of various Japanese and Japanese dictionaries, providing a solid foundation for Japan to learn Western ideas and technologies and create new vocabulary. In addition, the Chinese also set up their own translation agencies, such as the Jingshi Tongwen Museum, the Shanghai Cantonese Dialect Museum, the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau Translation Museum, the Navy Yamen, the General Administration of Taxation, the Jingshi University Hall Translation Institute, the Nanyang Public School in Shanghai, and the Hubei Provincial Government Office. Bookstore, Beiyang Official Bookstore, etc. According to statistics, in the nearly 60 years from 1855 (the third year of Xianfeng) to 1911 (the third year of Xuantong), a total of 468 Western scientific works were translated into Chinese and published by the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau and the Translation Office. Among them, there are 44 general and miscellaneous works, 12 astronomy and meteorology, 164 mathematics, 98 physics and chemistry, 92 natural resources, and 58 geography. There are 180 kinds in total, such as navigation, natural history, medicine, craftsmanship, shipbuilding and amphibious warfare. Many scientific terms commonly used today were originally set by the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau and the Translation Center. Professor Chen Liwei of Mejiro University in Japan also confirmed: "At that time, the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs official Yanagwa Maemitsu purchased more than a dozen books translated by Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau back to Japan and used them as references when translating textbooks and books in similar subjects." "According to the survey, only 19 There are 155 Chinese translations of Western books published by the century that have been translated and used by the Japanese, and after adding annotations, adding Japanese translation explanations and other procedures, the 'Chinese' words in them are also directly borrowed into Japanese." Facts It can be fully proved that many so-called "Japanese loanwords" are "Chinese products" that are "exported to domestic sales". Even if there are no Japanese loanwords, Chinese people can still translate Western scientific literature, Chinese people can still communicate normally, and they can still do experimental reports and doctoral dissertations.
Yeah it’s called the ‘Shin Kan go’ which literally means ‘New Chinese’. After Japan modernized, she began translating vast amounts of ‘modern’ related words into combinations of Chinese Characters. Some are derived by meaning, some are derived from pronunciation, and some are directly related to Japanese.
Guys, beware that some words have totally different meanings although their Chinese Character is same in 3 languages. 愛人/ 爱人(애인,aijin,airen), for example, means girlfriend or boyfriend in korean, affair counterpart in japanese in some cases, and spouse in chinese.
All these are either Chinese loanwords or Japanese-made Chinese terms which were adopted by Chinese and Korean at the beginning of last century (when Korea was under Japanese occupation and when China was modernising its language. (In fact, a lot of Chinese words now being used actually came from Japan). But the meanings of some of the words shown are different in Chinese from Japanese and Korean.
Please, those characters are being taken in the ancient Chinese scriptures. example, 社會 (society) is not a new word which was not invented by Japanese themselves.
@@gordonlee6367 the term 料理, like 寿司, was invented by Japanese and then adopted by Chinese. Many Chinese words like 哲学，经济，物理 were invented by Japanese when they translated the Western concepts using kanji. They are 和制汉字. Chinese are now using them without knowing their origins.
@@engsudatta276 no those are all in old Chinese scriptures. JAPANESE Scholars only gave the semantics of Western neologisms to the vocabulary in classical Chinese. The words themselves already exist.
@@gordonlee6367 Yes, the characters already existed long in China, but the newly formed words with their specific meanings were first used in Japan. In other words, Japanese creatively used Chinese characters to create new Chinese vocabulary, for example, 切幸, which is now commony found in Chinese writings.
확실히 30여년 의 식민지배 중에 일본에서 전해져온 단어들이 많다. 독립후 에도 전해져온 단어들도 있다. 하지만 대부분 그것보다 훨신 과거에서부터 전해져와 이웃국가 의 특성에 따라 비슷하게 생겼을것. 한국과 일본은 건국 부터 이웃국가였으면 지리적 이유로 인한것이란게 더 맞는표현. 당신들의 설명도 맞지만 너무 극단적 이다.
A lot of Chinese dialects are much closer to the Middle Chinese pronounciation than modern Mandarin Chinese. Modern Mandarin has lost finals -k, -m, -p whereas Cantonese still retains. 学 is Hak in Cantonese and Hok in Korean, etc.
@@brighthorse6981 because they use Classical Chinese as base to create new word in East Asia/Sinosphere, the same way that European languages use Latin and Ancient Greek. 🙏
There are many more words that are similar between Japanese & Korean: 🇰🇷 vs 🇯🇵 Jun Bi vs Jun Bi (Preparation) Mi Rae vs Mi Rai (Future) Shim Sa vs Shin Sa (Judgement) Shim Bun vs Shin Bun (Daily News?)
@@柚吉-g5r I understand the Japanese use their own font of "Kanji" and yall brought that to Korea during colonisation. However, Koreans are using "Hanja" instead of "Kanji" which makes a bit of a difference. Hanja is a Sino-Korean Chinese character that looks more familiar to Old Traditional Characters than just "Kanji". But Hanja nowadays are not often used in Korean society.
@@柚吉-g5r Well it is an annexation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. Still, after the independence Korea used the Hanja which makes no changes. However, there were some Japanese influences.
The interesting thing about Korean and Japanese is that they both use the same Chinese characters which is called Hanja in Korean and Kanji in Japanese, but they only use Hangul now in Korea however the meaning and origin of it is still from Hanja.
현재 한국어에서 사용되는 대부분의 한자어는 한국고유의 한자어나 중국한자어도있지만 대부분이 일본의 난학자들이 서양의 문명을 받아들이고 번역하기 위해 만들어진 단어들임. 심지어 우리나라 사람들이 그렇게나 좋아하는 민족 이란 단어조차 일본이 영어의 People을 번역하기 위해 만든단어임. 단어뿐 아니라 문법도 크게 영향을 받았음.
@@G10-d7q In general and in public education system such fact is not tought. But still a few professors or historians study and publish articles. But again, most of Korean doesn't and not interested in such fact and just ignore . Furthermore, if I speak such fact in public, I became betraitor. So, there is a self-mocking saying in Korea "If you speak the truth, you are barried". Plus, for decades, spys of North Korea in South korea manipulated and provoked the hate against Japan (and the US) in support of the North Korea leading reunion. And they have been in the regime several times. And each time when they had power, deleted good thing of Japan and the US and exaggerate bad things only. In such process, history of 和製漢字 is burried. They even obsoleted the use of 漢字 as a official policy which is the same policy of North Korea. As a result, young generations do not understand the meaning of the wards and can't write Korean letter correctly. What a shame....
